Numbers

Numbers front

Introduction to Numbers

Part 1: General Introduction

Outline of Numbers

Preparing to leave Sinai (1:1–10:10)
- Counting and assembling the tribes (1:1–4:49)
- Regulations (5:1–6:27)
- Dedicating the altar (7:1–89)
- Setting up the lampstand (8:1–4)
- Setting apart the Levites (8:5–29)
- Second Passover; the cloud to lead them; trumpets (9:1–10:10)
Sinai to Moab, through the wilderness (10:11–17:13)
- Complaining and murmuring (10:11–11:15)
- The quails (11:16–35)
- Miriam’s leprosy (12:1–16)
- The spies selected and sent (13:1–14:45)
- Commands (15:1–41)
- Korah’s rebellion (16:1–17:13)
The Priests and purifying (18:1–19:22)
- Priests and Levites (18:1–32)
- The law about purifying (19:1–22)
Conflicts (20:1–21:35)
- Miriam’s death (20:1–13)
- Edom’s refusal and Aaron’s death (20:14–29)
- Journey to Moab (21:1–35)
The Plains of Moab (22:1–36:13)
- Balaam (22:1–24:25)
- Baal Peor (25:1–18)
- The second counting (26:1–65)
- Inheritance rights for daughters (27:1–11)
- Joshua succeeds Moses (27:12–23)
- Offerings and women’s vows (28:1–30:16)
- Midianite war (31:1–54)
- Across the Jordan (32:1–42)
- The people set up camp (33:1–56)
- Land west of the Jordan; cities for Levites and cities of refuge (34:1–35:34)
- Female heirs marry (36:1–13)

What is the Book of Numbers about?

The Book of Numbers tells about the people of Israel as they traveled from Mount Sinai in the wilderness to the Jordan River. While traveling, the Israelites became discouraged. So they rebelled against the leaders whom God had given them. At the Jordan River, the people of Israel refused to enter the Promised Land. Because the Israelites were afraid and did not trust God, he delayed their entry into the Promised Land for forty years (13:1–14:45). (See: Обіцяна Богом Земля)

How should the title of this book be translated?

The title of this book, “Numbers,” refers to when the number of the Israelites was counted. The people of the project language may already be familiar with the name “Numbers” from other Bible versions. If not, the translator could consider a clearer name for the book, such as “The Counting of the People of Israel.” (See: перепис, літочислення)

Who wrote the Book of Numbers?

The writers of both the Old and New Testament present Moses as being very involved with writing the Book of Numbers. However, at a later time, scribes and priests probably put the book into its present form. They may have included text from other sources. One such source was “the scroll of the Wars of Yahweh” (21:14).

Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts

How does Numbers present the idea of the whole community being responsible when only a few people sinned?

The people understood and assumed that God would punish the whole community of Israel if some of the people rebelled against him. God did often punish the entire nation when some of them sinned. All of the people in the ancient Near East would have understood and expected this. However, Moses and Aaron prayed for God to punish only those who were guilty.

Part 3: Important Translation Issues

Why does Moses speak using third person pronouns about himself?

When an author wrote about something he was involved in, it was common for him to use the pronoun “he” instead of “I,” or “they” instead of “we.” The translator may decide to use the project’s normal pronouns instead.

Numbers 1

Numbers 1 General Notes

Structure and formatting

The ULT sets the lines in 1:5–15 farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because they are long lists.

Census

They counted how many men of military age were in each tribe of Israel. These men would also become the heads of families. It is possible the numbers in this chapter are rounded to the nearest 100.

Numbers 1:1

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Yahweh (0)

This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See the translationWord page about Yahweh concerning how to translate this.

on 1 of the second month

Quote: בְּ⁠אֶחָד֩ לַ⁠חֹ֨דֶשׁ הַ⁠שֵּׁנִ֜י (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths

This is the second month of the Hebrew calendar. The first day is near the middle of April on Western calendars.

second … second

Quote: הַ⁠שֵּׁנִ֜י & הַ⁠שֵּׁנִ֗ית (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal

Both occurrences of the word second are the ordinal forms of “two.”

Quote: record the number of men in their armed groups (0)

This refers to assigning the men to their military divisions.

Numbers 1:4

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: a clan head (0)

Alternate translation: “a leader of a clan”

Quote: who were recorded by name (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “whose names they had recorded”

Numbers 1:18

on 1 of the second month

Quote: בְּ⁠אֶחָד֙ לַ⁠חֹ֣דֶשׁ הַ⁠שֵּׁנִ֔י (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths

This is the second month of the Hebrew calendar. The first day is near the middle of April on Western calendars. See how you translated this in Numbers 1:1.

second

Quote: הַ⁠שֵּׁנִ֔י (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal

The word second is the ordinal form of “two.” See how you translated this in Numbers 1:1.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Then each man … identified his ancestry. He had to name the clans and families descended from his ancestors (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism

The second sentence means basically the same thing as the first and is added for clarification.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: He had to name (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom

Here “name” means to “say.” Alternate translation: “Each man had to say”

Numbers 1:20

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: were counted all the names (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “they counted all the names”

Numbers 1:49

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: must not count the tribe of Levi (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche

Here the “tribe of Levi” refers to all of the men in the tribe of Levi. Alternate translation: “must not count the men of the tribe of Levi”

Numbers 1:50

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: the tabernacle of the covenant decrees (0)

The tabernacle was also called by this longer name because the ark with the law of God was placed inside it.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Here Yahweh speaks of not punishing the Israelites as his anger not coming upon them. The phrase “come upon” refers to his anger being applied to them. Alternate translation: “so that in my anger I do not punish the people of Israel”

Numbers 1:54

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Yahweh commanded through Moses (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit

Yahweh had commanded Moses everything that the Israelites were to do, and then Moses had commanded the Israelites.

Numbers 2

Numbers 2 General Notes

Structure and formatting

Camping

Moses told each tribe where to camp. They were each given a specific area in which to stay.

Numbers 2:2

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: around his standard (0)

The “standards” were four larger groups that the tribes were divided into. Each standard was commanded to camp together. The standards was represented by a banner.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: with the banners of their fathers’ houses (0)

Each extended family also had a banner under with the camp, which was within the area designated for their standard.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: banners (0)

A banner is a large flag.

Numbers 2:3

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: under their standard (0)

The “standards” were four larger groups that the tribes were divided into. Each standard was commanded to camp together, and was represented by a banner. See how you translated “standards” in Numbers 2:2.

Quote: 54,400 men (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers

Alternate translation: “fifty-four thousand four hundred men”

Numbers 2:7

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Eliab son of Helon (0)

See how you translated this man’s name in Numbers 1:9.

Numbers 2:8

are 57, 400

Quote: שִׁבְעָ֧ה וַ⁠חֲמִשִּׁ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וְ⁠אַרְבַּ֥ע מֵאֽוֹת (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers

You can state this in words. Alternate translation: “fifty-seven thousand four hundred”

are 57, 400

Quote: שִׁבְעָ֧ה וַ⁠חֲמִשִּׁ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וְ⁠אַרְבַּ֥ע מֵאֽוֹת (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis

This refers to the number of men. Alternate translation: “are 57,400 men”

Numbers 2:9

are 186, 400

This refers to the number of men. Alternate translation: “are 46,500 men”

Numbers 2:12

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Shelumiel son of Zurishaddai (0)

See how you translated this man’s name in Numbers 1:6.

Numbers 2:13

are 59, 300

Quote: תִּשְׁעָ֧ה וַ⁠חֲמִשִּׁ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וּ⁠שְׁלֹ֥שׁ מֵאֽוֹת (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers

You can state this in words. Alternate translation: “are fifty-nine thousand three hundred”

are 59, 300

Quote: תִּשְׁעָ֧ה וַ⁠חֲמִשִּׁ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וּ⁠שְׁלֹ֥שׁ מֵאֽוֹת (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis

This refers to the number of men. Alternate translation: “59,300 men”

Numbers 2:14

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Eliasaph son of Deuel (0)

See how you translated this man’s name in Numbers 1:14.

Numbers 2:15

are 45, 650

Quote: חֲמִשָּׁ֤ה וְ⁠אַרְבָּעִים֙ אֶ֔לֶף וְ⁠שֵׁ֥שׁ מֵא֖וֹת וַ⁠חֲמִשִּֽׁים (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers

You can state this in words. Alternate translation: “are forty-five thousand six hundred and fifty”

are 45, 650

Quote: חֲמִשָּׁ֤ה וְ⁠אַרְבָּעִים֙ אֶ֔לֶף וְ⁠שֵׁ֥שׁ מֵא֖וֹת וַ⁠חֲמִשִּֽׁים (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis

This refers to the number of men. Alternate translation: “are 45,650 men”

Numbers 2:16

are 151, 450

Quote: מְאַ֨ת אֶ֜לֶף וְ⁠אֶחָ֨ד וַ⁠חֲמִשִּׁ֥ים אֶ֛לֶף וְ⁠אַרְבַּע־ מֵא֥וֹת וַ⁠חֲמִשִּׁ֖ים (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers

You can state this in words. Alternate translation: “are one hundred and fifty-one thousand four hundred and fifty”

are 151, 450

Quote: מְאַ֨ת אֶ֜לֶף וְ⁠אֶחָ֨ד וַ⁠חֲמִשִּׁ֥ים אֶ֛לֶף וְ⁠אַרְבַּע־ מֵא֥וֹת וַ⁠חֲמִשִּׁ֖ים (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit

This refers to the men. Alternate translation: “ are 151,450 men”

And they will set out second

Quote: וּ⁠שְׁנִיִּ֖ם יִסָּֽעוּ (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit

This means that when the Israelite camp moves, the camp of Reuben will start walking out after the camp of Judah goes out. Alternate translation: “When traveling, the camp of Reuben will start walking second” or “When the Israelites leave, those tribes will leave next”

And they will set out second

Quote: וּ⁠שְׁנִיִּ֖ם יִסָּֽעוּ (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal

The word second is the ordinal form of “two.”

Numbers 2:17

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: the tent of meeting must go out … in the middle of all the camps (0)

This means that the tent of meeting must be carried by the Levites in the middle of the tribes as they travel.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: They must go out (0)

Alternate translation: “They” refers to the twelve tribes.

Numbers 2:23

are 35, 400

Quote: חֲמִשָּׁ֧ה וּ⁠שְׁלֹשִׁ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וְ⁠אַרְבַּ֥ע מֵאֽוֹת (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers

You can state this in words. Alternate translation: “are thirty-five thousand four hundred”

are 35, 400

Quote: חֲמִשָּׁ֧ה וּ⁠שְׁלֹשִׁ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וְ⁠אַרְבַּ֥ע מֵאֽוֹת (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis

This refers to the number of men. Alternate translation: “are 35,400 men”

Numbers 2:24

are 108, 100

Quote: מְאַ֥ת אֶ֛לֶף וּ⁠שְׁמֹֽנַת־ אֲלָפִ֥ים וּ⁠מֵאָ֖ה (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers

You can state this in words. Alternate translation: “are one hundred and eight thousand one hundred”

are 108, 100

Quote: מְאַ֥ת אֶ֛לֶף וּ⁠שְׁמֹֽנַת־ אֲלָפִ֥ים וּ⁠מֵאָ֖ה (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit

This refers to the number of men. Alternate translation: “are 108,100 men”

And they will set out third

Quote: וּ⁠שְׁלִשִׁ֖ים יִסָּֽעוּ (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal

The word third is the ordinal form of “three.”

And they will set out third

Quote: וּ⁠שְׁלִשִׁ֖ים יִסָּֽעוּ (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit

This means that when the Israelite camp moves, the camp of Ephraim will start walking out after the camp of Judah and the camp of Reuben go out. Alternate translation: “And when traveling, the camp of Ephraim will start walking third” or “When the Israelites leave, those tribes will leave next”

Numbers 2:25

[GL Quote Not Found!]

This refers to the number of men. Alternate translation: “are 53,400 men”

Numbers 2:31

This refers to when they would travel to another place. Alternate translation: “When they traveled, they went out from the camp”

Numbers 3

Numbers 3 General Notes

Structure and formatting

The tribe of Levi

Numbers 3:3

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: the priests who were anointed and who were ordained (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language Alternate translation: “the priests whom Moses anointed and ordained”

Numbers 3:4

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Nadab … Abihu … Ithamar (0)

See how you translated these men’s names in Numbers 3:2.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: fell dead before Yahweh (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom

The phrase “fell dead” means to suddenly die. Alternate translation: “suddenly died before Yahweh”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: before Yahweh (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

This refers to Yahweh’s presence, meaning that Yahweh saw everything that happened. Alternate translation: “in Yahweh’s presence”

Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names

General Information:

Numbers 3:22

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: All the males from a month old and older were counted (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Moses counted all the males from a month old and older”

Quote: the courtyard that surrounds the sanctuary and the altar (0)

Quote: 8,600 males (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers

Alternate translation: “eight thousand six hundred males”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: aged one month old and older (0)

Alternate translation: “from a month old and older”

Numbers 3:30

Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names

General Information:

These verses give us information about the clans that descended from Kohath.

Numbers 3:31

Quote: the framing (0)

This to the panels that they made by joining together smaller pieces of wood.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: crossbars (0)

These are support beams that give stability to the structure.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

This is the east side of the tabernacle. Alternate translation: “on the east side, where the sun rises”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: for the fulfillment of the duties (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns

The word “fulfilment” is an abstract noun that can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: “to perform the duties”

Quote: 273 firstborn (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers

Alternate translation: “two hundred and seventy-three firstborn”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: of redemption from (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns

The noun “redemption” can be translated with the verb “redeem.” Alternate translation: “to redeem”

Numbers 3:50

1, 365 by the shekel of the holy place

Quote: חֲמִשָּׁ֨ה וְ⁠שִׁשִּׁ֜ים וּ⁠שְׁלֹ֥שׁ מֵא֛וֹת וָ⁠אֶ֖לֶף בְּ⁠שֶׁ֥קֶל הַ⁠קֹּֽדֶשׁ (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers

You can state this in words. Alternate translation: “one thousand three hundred and sixty-five shekels of the sanctuary”

1, 365 by the shekel of the holy place

Quote: חֲמִשָּׁ֨ה וְ⁠שִׁשִּׁ֜ים וּ⁠שְׁלֹ֥שׁ מֵא֛וֹת וָ⁠אֶ֖לֶף בְּ⁠שֶׁ֥קֶל הַ⁠קֹּֽדֶשׁ (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight

A shekel is 11 grams. Alternate translation: “about 15 kilograms of silver according to the weight of the sanctuary shekel”

Numbers 3:51

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: the redemption money (0)

This refers to the money that Moses collected.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: to his sons (0)

Here “his” refers to Aaron

in accordance with the mouth of Yahweh, just as Yahweh had commanded Moses

Quote: עַל־ פִּ֣י יְהוָ֑ה כַּ⁠אֲשֶׁ֛ר צִוָּ֥ה יְהוָ֖ה אֶת־ מֹשֶֽׁה (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism

These two phrases mean basically the same thing and are combined for emphasis.

in accordance with the mouth of Yahweh

Quote: עַל־ פִּ֣י יְהוָ֑ה (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

Here, the mouth of Yahweh represents what Yahweh said. If your readers would not understand this, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: “just as Yahweh had said”

Numbers 4

Numbers 4 General Notes

Special concepts in this chapter

Counting the Levites by clans

Numbers 4:4

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: reserved for me (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that I have specially selected for myself”

Numbers 4:5

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: When the camp prepares (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

Here “camp” refers to all of the people in the camp. Alternate translation: “When the people prepare”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: to move forward (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom

This refers to the people moving to another location. Alternate translation: “to move to another location”

Quote: On it they must put (0)

Here “it” refers to the blue cloth.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: bowls, and jars for pouring (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit

The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “bowls and jars used to pour out drink offerings”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Bread must always continue to be (0)

There must always be bread”

Numbers 4:8

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: They are to spread over them (0)

Here the word “them” refers to “the dishes, spoons, bowls, and jars” (verse 7).

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: scarlet cloth (0)

Alternate translation: “red cloth”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: insert poles (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit

The poles were inserted into rings on the corners of the table so that the poles could be used to carry the table. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “insert poles into the rings at the corners of the table”

Numbers 4:10

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: They must put … into a covering of fine leather (0)

Alternate translation: “They must cover … with fine leather”

Quote: for the work in the holy place (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns

The word “work” is an abstract noun that can be expressed with the verb “serving.” Alternate translation: “used when serving Yahweh in the holy place”

Numbers 4:14

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: in the work of the altar (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns

The word “work” is an abstract noun that can be expressed with the verb “serving.” Alternate translation: “when serving at the altar”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: insert the carrying poles (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit

The poles were inserted into rings on the sides of the altar so they could be used to carry it. This can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “insert the carrying poles into the rings on the sides of the altar”

Numbers 4:15

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: to carry the holy place (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche

Here the holy place refers to all the items that make up the holy place that Aaron and his sons covered in cloth and skins. Alternate translation: “to carry all of the items of the holy place”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Ithamar (0)

See how you translated this man’s name in Numbers 1:2.

Numbers 4:29

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: The descendants of Gershon were counted (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

Numbers 4:39

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: from thirty to fifty years old (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers

Alternate translation: “from 30 to 50 years old”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: everyone who would join the company (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: join the company to serve in the tent of meeting (0)

The word “company” refers to the rest of the people working in the tent of meeting. See how you translated this phrase in Numbers 4:3.

Numbers 4:40

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: counted by their clans (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “whom Moses and Aaron counted by their clans”

2, 630

Quote: אַלְפַּ֕יִם וְ⁠שֵׁ֥שׁ מֵא֖וֹת וּ⁠שְׁלֹשִֽׁים (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis

This refers to 2,630 men. Alternate translation: “2,630 men”

Quote: from thirty to fifty years old (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers

Alternate translation: “from 30 to 50 years old”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: everyone who would join the company (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: join the company to serve in the tent of meeting (0)

The word “company” refers to the rest of the people working in the tent of meeting. See how you translated this phrase in Numbers 4:3.

Numbers 4:44

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: counted by their clans (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

These two phrase have similar meaning and are used together to emphasize how Moses counted all the men.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: by the type of work he was assigned to do (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “by his type of work assignment” or “by the type of work he had assigned each man to do”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: he would bear (0)

Alternate translation: “he would have”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: they obeyed what Yahweh had commanded them (0)

Here “they” and “them” refer to Moses and Aaron.

Numbers 5

Numbers 5 General Notes

Special concepts in this chapter

Israel’s camp

Israel’s entire camp was to be a “clean” place. This meant that people who could not be made acceptable to God were not allowed inside the camp. (See: очищати, чистий, омовіння)

Vengeance

There are several laws in this chapter regarding restitution. These laws were meant to limit the ways in which people who had been wronged could seek to be compensated. These laws were intended to make it difficult for such people to avenge a wrong when they were angry. (See: помста, мститися and ревнивий, ревність)

Numbers 5:2

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: infectious skin disease (0)

This refers to leprosy, which is a sickness that affects the skin and easily spreads to other people.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: oozing sore (0)

This refers to an open cut that is leaking fluids.

Quote: is unfaithful to me (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit

If someone sins against another person, it means that they have also sinned against Yahweh and Yahweh considers that person as unfaithful to him. Alternate translation: “they have also wronged me”

Numbers 5:7

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: the price of his guilt (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

Here the person’s “sin” is referred to as his “guilt.” Alternate translation: “what is considered a suitable amount of money for the wrong that he has done”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: add to the price one-fifth more (0)

This means the person must pay an extra one-fifth of the price that he owes.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: one-fifth (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction

This is one part out of five equal parts.

Numbers 5:8

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: But if the wronged person has no close relative to receive the payment (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit

Usually the wronged person would receive the payment but if that person has died the payment goes to the closest relative. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “But if the wronged person has died and has no close relative to receive the payment”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: if the wronged person (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “if the person whom the guilty person has wronged”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: he must pay the price for his guilt to me through a priest (0)

If a person made a payment to a priest to pay for his guilt it was the same as if the person had made the payment to Yahweh.

Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo

The words “Suppose that a man’s wife turns away” begin a long description of a hypothetical situation, something that has not happened but might happen. Yahweh tells Moses what to do if it does happen.

Numbers 5:12

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: a man’s wife turns away (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom

This means that she goes away from him and is unfaithful to him. Alternate translation: “a man’s wife is unfaithful”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: sins against her husband (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit

This means that she is unfaithful to her husband and sins against him by sleeping with another man. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “sins against her husband by sleeping with another man”

Numbers 5:13

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: If a man lies with her (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism

This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “If a man has sexual relations with her”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: her (0)

the woman who turns away and sins against her husband (Numbers 5:12)

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: in the act (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit

This refers to the act of adultery. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “in the act of adultery” or “sleeping with him”

Numbers 5:14

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: his wife is defiled … his wife is not defiled (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

These phrases can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “his wife has defiled herself … his wife has not defiled herself”

and a spirit of jealousy passes over upon him … a spirit of jealousy comes over upon him

Quote: וְ⁠עָבַ֨ר עָלָ֧י⁠ו רֽוּחַ־ קִנְאָ֛ה & עָבַ֨ר עָלָ֤י⁠ו רֽוּחַ־ קִנְאָה֙ (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

Here the word spirit refers to a person’s attitude and emotions. Alternate translation: “the husband might feel jealous and become suspicious”

and a spirit of jealousy passes over upon him … a spirit of jealousy comes over upon him

Quote: וְ⁠עָבַ֨ר עָלָ֧י⁠ו רֽוּחַ־ קִנְאָ֛ה & עָבַ֨ר עָלָ֤י⁠ו רֽוּחַ־ קִנְאָה֙ (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification

The man's jealously is spoken of as if it were a person who spoke to him.

and a spirit of jealousy passes over upon him … a spirit of jealousy comes over upon him

Quote: וְ⁠עָבַ֨ר עָלָ֧י⁠ו רֽוּחַ־ קִנְאָ֛ה & עָבַ֨ר עָלָ֤י⁠ו רֽוּחַ־ קִנְאָה֙ (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom

The idea of the spirit “coming on him” means that he began to have these jealous feelings. Alternate translation: “and a man might feel jealous … a man might feel jealous”

Numbers 5:15

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Connecting Statement: (0)

Connecting Statement:

Moses begins to describe what the people are to do if the hypothetical situation he began describing in Numbers 5:12 ever happens.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: a tenth (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction

This is one part out of ten equal parts.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: a tenth of an ephah (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume

This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “a tenth of an ephah (which is about 2 liters)” or “2 liters”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: a grain offering of jealousy (0)

Alternate translation: “a grain offering for jealousy”

Quote: grain offering of suspicion (0)

Quote: Yahweh will make you into a curse … your people to be such (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

Here the author speaks about the woman bearing the curse that Yahweh gives her, which causes other people to curse her. This is spoken of as if the woman herself becomes a curse. Alternate translation: “Because Yahweh curses you, other people will curse you as well, and Yahweh will show people that you are truly cursed”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: that will be shown to your people to be such (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that he will show to your people as a curse”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Her abdomen will swell and her thigh will waste away (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism

This could mean: (1) that the woman will become unable to have children or (2) that the woman’s pregnancy will end too early and the baby will die. Here the word “thigh” is a polite way of referring to the woman’s womb or her private parts. See how you translated these concepts in Numbers 5:21.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: The woman will be cursed among her people (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Her people will curse her”

Numbers 5:28

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Alternate translation: “in the presence of Yahweh”

Numbers 5:31

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: will be free from guilt for bringing his wife to the priest (0)

Alternate translation: “will not be guilty of doing something wrong by bringing his wife to the priest”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: must bear (0)

Alternate translation: “must endure”

Numbers 6

Numbers 6 General Notes

Special concepts in this chapter

Nazirite vow

The Nazirite vow was a special type of vow between a person and Yahweh. This chapter gives the rules for people to be consecrated to God as Nazirites. (See: обітниця, обіцяти and святити, освячувати, освятити)

Numbers 6:2

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: separates himself (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: he is separate (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom

Alternate translation: “To separate yourself to someone” means to “dedicate yourself” to that person. Alternate translation: “he dedicates himself”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: he is separate to me (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “he separates himself to me”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: nothing that is made from grapes (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “nothing that people make from grapes”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: from the seeds to their skins (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism

Quote: unclean (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

A person who is not acceptable for God’s purposes is spoken of as if the person were physically unclean.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: he is separated (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “he has separated himself”

Numbers 6:8

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: separation (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom

This is an idiom for dedication. Alternate translation: “dedication”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: of his separation (0)

If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word separation, you can express the same idea with a verb. Alternate translation: “that he has separated himself”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: reserved for Yahweh (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “he has reserved himself for Yahweh” or “set apart for Yahweh”

Numbers 6:9

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: defiles his consecrated head (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

Here “head” represents the Nazirite man’s hair, which symbolizes his vow. Alternate translation: “defiles his long hair which shows everyone he is separated to God” or “he becomes defiled”

Quote: He must bring a male lamb … as a guilt offering (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit

The man is to bring the lamb to the priest so that it can be sacrificed. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “He must bring a male lamb one year old to the priest as a guilt offering”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: The days before he defiled himself must not be counted (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “He must not count the days before he defiled himself”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: his consecration was defiled (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “he defiled himself” or “he made himself unacceptable”

Numbers 6:13

the days of his separation

Quote: יְמֵ֣י נִזְר֔⁠וֹ (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom

Here, separation is an idiom that means “dedication.” Alternate translation: “the days of his dedication”

the days of his separation

Quote: יְמֵ֣י נִזְר֔⁠וֹ (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns

If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word * separation*, you can express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “the days when he dedicates himself to Yahweh” or “the period when he has served Yahweh”

Quote: fine flour mixed with oil (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “fine flour that he mixed with oil”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: wafers without yeast rubbed with oil (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “wafers without yeast which he rubbed with oil”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: wafers without yeast (0)

small pieces of flat bread

Quote: together with (0)

Alternate translation: “as well as”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: that was waved (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that the priest waved”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: that was presented (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

Numbers 7 General Notes

Structure and formatting

Consecrating the altar

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: had overseen the counting of the men (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns

If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word counting, you can express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “had helped Aaron and Moses to count the men”

Numbers 7:3

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: They brought their offerings before Yahweh … They presented these things in front of the tabernacle (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit

This means that they gave their offerings to Yahweh and brought them to the tabernacle. These phrases may be combined to add clarity. Alternate translation: “They brought their offerings to Yahweh and presented them to him in front of the tabernacle”

Quote: because of what their work needed (0)

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: none of those things (0)

This refers to the carts and oxen.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Kohath (0)

See how you translated this man’s name in Numbers 3:17.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: theirs would be the work (0)

Alternate translation: “their work would be”

Quote: Nahshon son of Amminadab (0)

These are the names of men. See how you translated these names in Numbers 1:7

Numbers 7:13

its weight was 130

Quote: שְׁלֹשִׁ֣ים וּ⁠מֵאָה֮ מִשְׁקָלָ⁠הּ֒ (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight

If necessary, this weight can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “weighing nearly one and a half kilograms” or “weighing one kilogram and 430 grams”

70 shekels

Quote: שִׁבְעִ֥ים שֶׁ֖קֶל (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight

If necessary, this weight can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “one silver bowl weighing nearly eight tenths of a kilogram” or “one silver bowl weighting 770 grams”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: by the standard weight of the sanctuary shekel (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight

There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use in the sanctuary of the sacred tent. If you are converting the weights to modern measures, here is another way to translate this phrase. Alternate translation: “measured by the standard weights used in the sanctuary”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Nahshon son of Amminadab (0)

See how you translated this man’s name in Numbers 1:7.

Numbers 7:18

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: the second day (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal

Alternate translation: “day 2” or “day number 2”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Nethanel son of Zuar (0)

See how you translated this man’s name in Numbers 1:8.

Numbers 7:19

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Nethanel son of Zuar (0)

See how you translated this man’s name in Numbers 1:8.

Numbers 7:24

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: the third day (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal

Alternate translation: “day 3” or “day number 3”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Eliab son of Helon (0)

See how you translated this man’s name in Numbers 1:9.

Numbers 7:25

its weight was 130

Quote: שְׁלֹשִׁ֣ים וּ⁠מֵאָה֮ מִשְׁקָלָ⁠הּ֒ (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight

See how you translated its weight was 130 in 7:13.

70

Quote: שִׁבְעִ֥ים (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight

See how you translated 70 shekels in 7:13.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: by the standard weight of the sanctuary shekel (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: fine flour mixed with oil (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

Numbers 7:26

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: one gold dish weighing ten shekels (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight

Numbers 7:29

[GL Quote Not Found!]

See how you translated 70 shekels in 7:13.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: by the standard weight of the sanctuary shekel (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: fine flour mixed with oil (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

Numbers 7:32

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: one gold dish weighing ten shekels (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight

Numbers 7:35

[GL Quote Not Found!]

See how you translated 70 shekels in 7:13.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: by the standard weight of the sanctuary shekel (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: fine flour mixed with oil (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

Numbers 7:38

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: one gold dish weighing ten shekels (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight

Numbers 7:41

[GL Quote Not Found!]

See how you translated 70 shekels in 7:13.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: by the standard weight of the sanctuary shekel (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: fine flour mixed with oil (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

Numbers 7:44

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: one gold dish weighing ten shekels (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight

Numbers 7:47

[GL Quote Not Found!]

See how you translated 70 shekels in 7:13.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: by the standard weight of the sanctuary shekel (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: fine flour mixed with oil (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

Numbers 7:50

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: one gold dish weighing ten shekels (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight

Numbers 7:53

[GL Quote Not Found!]

See how you translated 70 shekels in 7:13.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: by the standard weight of the sanctuary shekel (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: fine flour mixed with oil (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

Numbers 7:56

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: one gold dish weighing ten shekels (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight

Numbers 7:59

[GL Quote Not Found!]

See how you translated 70 shekels in 7:13.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: by the standard weight of the sanctuary shekel (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: fine flour mingled with oil (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

Numbers 7:62

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: one gold dish weighing ten shekels (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight

Numbers 7:65

[GL Quote Not Found!]

See how you translated 70 shekels in 7:13.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: by the standard weight of the sanctuary shekel (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: fine flour mixed with oil (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

Numbers 7:68

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: one gold dish weighing ten shekels (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight

Numbers 7:71

[GL Quote Not Found!]

See how you translated 70 shekels in 7:13.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: by the standard weight of the sanctuary shekel (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight

[GL Quote Not Found!]

See how you translated its weight was 130 in 7:13.

70 shekels

Quote: שִׁבְעִ֥ים שֶׁ֖קֶל (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight

See how you translated 70 shekels in 7:13.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: by the standard weight of the sanctuary shekel (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: fine flour mixed with oil (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

Numbers 7:80

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: one gold dish weighing ten shekels (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight

Numbers 7:83

[GL Quote Not Found!]

See how you translated “70 shekels” in 7:13. Alternate translation: “was 70 shekels”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: 2,400 shekels (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers

Alternate translation: “two thousand four hundred shekels” or “twenty-four hundred shekels”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: by the standard weight of the sanctuary shekel (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: All the silver vessels weighed (0)

Alternate translation: “All the silver vessels together weighed”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: the silver vessels (0)

This refers to all of the offerings that were made of silver, both the platters and the bowls.

Numbers 7:86

[GL Quote Not Found!]

These two phrases describe the same location.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: ark of the testimony (0)

See how you translated this phrase in Numbers 4:5.

Quote: with hammered cups like blossoms (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile

They were commanded to form the hammered cups so that they resembled flower blossoms. Alternate translation: “with hammered cups that resemble flower blossoms”

Numbers 8:7

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: to purify them (0)

Here “them” refers to the Levites.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Sprinkle the water of atonement on them (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction

Moses sprinkling water on them was symbolic of their atonement. Alternate translation: “Sprinkle on their the water that symbolizes atonement”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: wash their clothes (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis

The Levites are supposed to wash their own clothes. You can make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: “then make them wash their clothes”

Numbers 8:8

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: a young bull and its grain offering (0)

When offering a young bull, a grain offering was usually required to accompany it.

Aaron was to present the Levites to Yahweh as if they were a wave offering to him. Alternate translation: “You must dedicate them to me, as if you were presenting a wave offering to me”

Numbers 8:16

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: each male child who opens the womb, the firstborn (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism

These two phrases mean basically the same thing and are combined for emphasize the firstborn sons.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: male child who opens the womb (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom

This is an idiom. “To open the womb” means to give birth for the first time. Here this refers to the first male child to which a mother gives birth. Alternate translation: “child who is the firstborn son of his mother”

Numbers 8:17

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: I took the lives (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism

This is a polite way of referring to when a person kills someone. Alternate translation: “I killed”

Quote: I have taken them … I have given them (0)

Here “them” refers to the Levites.

Quote: before Aaron and before Aaron’s sons (0)

Alternate translation: “in the presence of Aaron and his sons”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Special concepts in this chapter

Passover

This chapter records the celebration of the Passover for the first time since it began. The people kept the Passover as directed by the Lord. (See: свято Великодня, Великдень)

Numbers 9:1

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: in the first month of the second year after they came out from the land of Egypt (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal

This means that they had come out of Egypt a year earlier. They were beginning their second year in the wilderness.

in the first month

Quote: בַּ⁠חֹ֥דֶשׁ הָ⁠רִאשׁ֖וֹן (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths

This is the first month of the Hebrew calendar. It marks when God brought the people of Israel out of Egypt.

Quote: the fourteenth day (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal

Alternate translation: “day 14”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: follow all the regulations, and obey all the decrees (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism

These two phrases mean basically the same thing and are combined to emphasize that they needed to obey the commands.

Quote: keep the Passover (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom

Here the word “keep” means to observe. Alternate translation: “observe the Passover” or “celebrate the Passover”

now that person shall be cut off

Quote: make camp (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom

Here the word “make” means to “set up.” Alternate translation: “set up their camp”

Numbers 9:21

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: from evening until morning (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit

This means that the cloud only stayed over the tabernacle for one night. You make clear the full meaning of this statement. Alternate translation: “only from evening until morning” or “over the tabernacle for only one night”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: If it continued (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit

The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. “If the cloud stayed over the tabernacle”

Quote: Yahweh’s command given through Moses (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the command that Yahweh had given through Moses”

Numbers 10

Numbers 10 General Notes

Special concepts in this chapter

Trumpets

In the ancient Near East, trumpets were used for many purposes. They were used to call people together. They were also used to lead people into battle.

Israel starts to move

Each tribe had its place in line as did the tabernacle. Their movements through the desert were very deliberate and ordered. (See: скінія)

Numbers 10:2

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Make two silver trumpets (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

This means that Yahweh commanded Moses to have someone make the trumpet. He did not make them himself. Alternate translation: “Tell someone to make two silver trumpets”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: You must use the trumpets (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

Moses will not blow the trumpets himself, but he will command the priests to blow them.

Numbers 10:3

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: in front of you (0)

This means that Moses was to be there with the priest when he blew the trumpets. Alternate translation: “while you are present”

Numbers 10:4

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: the leaders, the heads of the clans of Israel (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism

These two phrases refer to the same group of people. Here the second phrase is used to describe the first phrase. Alternate translation: “the leaders, who are the heads of the clans of Israel”

Numbers 10:5

and you shall blow a blast

Quote: וּ⁠תְקַעְתֶּ֖ם תְּרוּעָ֑ה (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you

Here the word you is plural. Yahweh is speaking to Moses, but he his referring to the priests.

and you shall blow a blast

Quote: וּ⁠תְקַעְתֶּ֖ם תְּרוּעָ֑ה (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

The priests will blow the trumpets, Moses will not. Alternate translation: “And they shall blow a blast”

Numbers 10:6

and you shall blow a second blast

Quote: וּ⁠תְקַעְתֶּ֤ם תְּרוּעָה֙ שֵׁנִ֔ית (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you

Here the word you is plural. Yahweh is speaking to Moses, but he his referring to the priests.

and you shall blow a second blast

Quote: וּ⁠תְקַעְתֶּ֤ם תְּרוּעָה֙ שֵׁנִ֔ית (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

The priests will blow the trumpets, Moses will not. Alternate translation: “And they shall blow a second blast”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: the second time (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal

Alternate translation: “time number 2” or “again”

Quote: then you must sound an alarm with the trumpets (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

Here Yahweh again speaks to Moses using the word “you” but actually wants Moses to have the priests blow the trumpets. Alternate translation: “then you must command the priests to sound an alarm with the trumpets”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: call you to mind (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: In the second year (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal

This refers to the second year after Yahweh brought the Israelites out of Egypt. Alternate translation: “In year 2”

second … in the … month, on 20 in the month

Quote: בַּ⁠חֹ֥דֶשׁ הַ⁠שֵּׁנִ֖י בְּ⁠עֶשְׂרִ֣ים בַּ⁠חֹ֑דֶשׁ (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal

The word second is the ordinal form of "two." Alternate translation: “on day 20 of month 2”

second … in the … month, on 20 in the month

Quote: בַּ⁠חֹ֥דֶשׁ הַ⁠שֵּׁנִ֖י בְּ⁠עֶשְׂרִ֣ים בַּ⁠חֹ֑דֶשׁ (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths

This is the second month of the Hebrew calendar. Alternate translation: “on day 20 of month 2”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: the cloud was lifted (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

Quote: went out first (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal

They packed up their camp and they left that place before all the others left.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: that Yahweh described (0)

Alternate translation: “that Yahweh described to us”

Quote: the mountain of Yahweh (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit

This refers to Mount Sinai. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “Mount Sinai, the mountain of Yahweh”

Quote: Rise up, Yahweh (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

Here the phrase “rise up” is a request for Yahweh to act, in this case Moses is asking him to scatter their enemies.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Make those who hate you run from you (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

Here Moses speaks about Yahweh causing their enemies to flee from the people of Israel as if they were fleeing from Yahweh himself. Alternate translation: “Make those who hate you run away from your ark and your people”

Numbers 10:36

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Whenever the ark stopped (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification

Here the ark is spoken of as if were a person traveling. The ark was really being carried by men. Alternate translation: “Whenever the people carrying the ark stopped”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: many tens of thousands (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit

This refers to people. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “many tens of thousands of people”

Numbers 11

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: You make me carry the load of all these people (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

Moses complains and speaks of leading the people and providing for them as if he were carrying a heavy load. Alternate translation: “You make me responsible for all these people, but it’s too hard for me”

Numbers 11:12

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Did I conceive all these people? (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion

Moses used this question to remind God that Moses was not their father. Alternate translation: “I am not the father of all these people.”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Have I given them birth so that you should say to me, ‘Carry … baby?’ (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion

Moses wants God to remember that God told him to take care of the Israelites even though Moses was not their father. Alternate translation: “I have not given them birth, so you have no right to say to me, ‘Carry … baby’!”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Carry them closely to your chest (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

To take care of the Israelites is spoken of as if it were to carry a helpless newborn baby.

Quote: They are too much for me (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom

This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “This responsibility is too difficult for me”

Numbers 11:17

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: some of the Spirit that is on you (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

The “Spirit” here represents the power that God’s Spirit had given to Moses so that Moses could do what God told him to do. Alternate translation: “some of the power that the Spirit has given you”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: They will bear the burden of the people with you (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

God speaks of the responsibility of leading and providing for the people as if it were a burden that Moses and the leaders would carry. Alternate translation: “They will help you care for the people”

These two words mean basically the same thing. Together they emphasize a great number of animals.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: all the fish in the sea (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole

The word “all” is an exaggeration to show how impossible it was to provide food for all the people of Israel.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: to satisfy them (0)

Alternate translation: “to satisfy their hunger”

Numbers 11:23

Is the hand of Yahweh short

Quote: הֲ⁠יַ֥ד יְהוָ֖ה תִּקְצָ֑ר (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

Here the word hand represents God’s power. Alternate translation: “Do you think that I am not powerful enough to do this?”

Quote: put it on the seventy elders (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

Giving power to the elders is spoken of as putting the Spirit on them. See how you translated a similar phrase in Numbers 11:17. Alternate translation: “gave it to the seventy elders”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: When the Spirit rested on them (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

Having power from the Spirit is spoken of as if the Spirit rested on them. Alternate translation: “When they had power from the Spirit”

Numbers 11:26

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: The Spirit also rested on them (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

The Spirit giving them power is spoken of as if the Spirit rested on them. Alternate translation: “The Spirit also gave them power”

Quote: Are you jealous for my sake? (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit

What Joshua might have been jealous about can be stated clearly if needed. Alternate translation: “Are you concerned that they might be taking away something that belongs to me?” or “Are you concerned that people will not respect my authority?”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: that he would put his Spirit on them all (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

Moses speaks of God’s Spirit giving people power as if God were to put his Spirit on them. Alternate translation: “that God’s Spirit would give them all power”

Numbers 11:31

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: quail (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown

a small bird

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: about a day’s journey on one side and a day’s journey on the other side (0)

Alternate translation: “in each direction for as far as a person could walk in one day”

and like two cubits

Quote: וּ⁠כְ⁠אַמָּתַ֖יִם (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance

A cubit is a unit of measurement equal to about 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “and about 92 centimeters” or “and about 1 meter”

Numbers 11:32

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: No one gathered less than ten homers of quail (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives

This is a double negative which can be expressed as a positive statement. Alternate translation: “Everyone gathered at least ten homers of quail”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: ten homers (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume

A homer is a unit of volume equal to about 220 liters. Alternate translation: “2,200 liters”

Numbers 11:33

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: While the meat was still between their teeth, while they were chewing it (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism

These two phrases mean basically the same thing. Together they emphasize that God punished them immediately, even while they were eating the meat. Alternate translation: “While they were still eating the meat”

Numbers 11:34

and he called the name of that place Kibroth Hattaavah

Quote: וַ⁠יִּקְרָ֛א אֶת־ שֵֽׁם־ הַ⁠מָּק֥וֹם הַ⁠ה֖וּא קִבְר֣וֹת הַֽתַּאֲוָ֑ה (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names

This was the same place that was formerly called, “Taberah” in 11:3. Alternate translation: “They named that place Kibroth Hattaavah”

Numbers 11:35

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Hazeroth (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names

This is the name of a place in the desert.

Numbers 12

Numbers 12 General Notes

Structure and formatting

Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 12:6–8.

Important figures of speech in this chapter

Idiom

God used the idiom “mouth to mouth” meaning “speaking directly with both people present.” This indicated that Moses was more than just a prophet and greater than other prophets. (See: Идиома and пророк, пророчиця, пророцтво, пророкувати)

Numbers 12:2

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Has Yahweh spoken only with Moses? Has he not spoken also with us? (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion

Miriam and Aaron use these questions to complain that Moses had so much authority and they did not. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “Yahweh has not spoken only with Moses. He has also spoken with us.”

Quote: He is faithful in all my house (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

Here “my house” represents the nation of Israel. Being faithful in God’s house represents being faithful in leading Israel. Alternate translation: “Moses leads my people faithfully” or “Moses is the one whom I trust to lead my people Israel”

Numbers 12:8

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Hazeroth (0)

This is the name of a place in the desert. See how you translated it in Numbers 11:35.

Numbers 13

Numbers 13 General Notes

Special concepts in this chapter

Spies

Leaders from each of the tribes went to spy on the Promised Land in Canaan. Yahweh was not concerned with how many people were there, because he could defeat them. It appears that he is testing the faith of the people. The people were supposed to be excited to enter this wonderful land, instead they were afraid. (See: Обіцяна Богом Земля and випробовувати and віра, вірність)

Numbers 13:2

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: which I have given (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture

God had decided that the land of Canaan would belong to the people of Israel, but they had not yet moved into it. Alternate translation: “which I have decided to give” or “which I will soon give”

Fortified cities had strong walls around them to protect them from enemy armies. Camps did not have these walls.

Numbers 13:21

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Zin … Rehob (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names

These are names of places.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: the wilderness of Zin (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-transliterate

The word “Zin” here is the Hebrew name of the wilderness.

Numbers 13:22

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Zoan (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names

This is the name of a place.

And Hebron had been built seven years before Zoan of Egypt

Quote: וְ⁠חֶבְר֗וֹן שֶׁ֤בַע שָׁנִים֙ נִבְנְתָ֔ה לִ⁠פְנֵ֖י צֹ֥עַן מִצְרָֽיִם (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “And the Canaanites had built Hebron seven years before the Egyptians built Zoan”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Ahiman … Sheshai … Talmai (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names

These are names of clans that were named after their ancestors.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Anak (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names

This is the name of a man.

Numbers 13:23

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Eshkol (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names

This is the name of a place.

Quote: milk (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

Since milk comes from cows and goats, it represents livestock and the food produced from the livestock. Alternate translation: “food from livestock”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: honey (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

Since honey is produced from flowers, it represents crops and the food produced from the crops. Alternate translation: “food from crops”

Numbers 13:32

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: they spread around … They said (0)

Here “they” refers to all of the men who examined the land except for Caleb and Joshua.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: the land that they had examined (0)

Here “they” refers to all of the men who examined the land including Caleb and Joshua.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: a land that eats up its inhabitants (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

The men speak of the land, or the people of the land, being very dangerous as if the land ate up people. Alternate translation: “a very dangerous land” or “a land where the people will kill us”

Numbers 13:33

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Anak (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names

This is the name of a man.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: In our own sight … in their sight (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

Here sight represents evaluation and judgement. Alternate translation: “In our own opinion … in their opinion” or “In our own judgement … in their judgement”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: we were like grasshoppers in comparison with them (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile

The men speak of grasshoppers to show how very small they thought themselves to be compared to the people of the land. Alternate translation: “we are as small as grasshoppers in comparison with them”

Numbers 14

Numbers 14 General Notes

Important figures of speech in this chapter

Rhetorical Questions

The author uses several rhetorical questions in this chapter. These questions indicate that people did not have faith in Yahweh. Yahweh also uses rhetorical questions to show the people’s lack of faith. (See: Риторический вопрос and віра, вірність)

Numbers 14:3

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Why did Yahweh bring us to this land to die by the sword? (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion

The people use this question in order to complain and accuse Yahweh of treating them unfairly. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “Yahweh should not have brought us to this land only to die by the sword.”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: to die by the sword (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

Here “the sword” represents either being killed by the sword or being killed in battle. Alternate translation: “to die when people attack us with swords” or “to die in battle” or

Quote: who were some of those sent (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “who were some of those whom Moses sent”

Quote: Their protection will be removed from them (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will remove their protection from them”

Clearing away people’s sin is a metaphor for refusing to punish them. God would not clear away the sin of guilty people. Alternate translation: “He will always punish the guilty”

Quote: these ten times (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom

Here the number 10 represents too many times. Alternate translation: “too many times”

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you whom Moses counted in the census”

Quote: They must bear the consequences of your acts (0)

Alternate translation: “They must suffer the consequences of your acts” or “They must suffer because of your acts”

Quote: to prevent you from being defeated by your enemies (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “to prevent your enemies from defeating you” or “to give you victory over your enemies”

Numbers 14:43

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: you will die by the sword (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

Here “the sword” refers to battle. Alternate translation: “you will die in battle” or “they will kill you when you fight against them”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: you turned back from following Yahweh (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

Obeying Yahweh is spoken of as following him, and stopping doing that is spoken of as turning away from him. Alternate translation: “you stopped obeying Yahweh” or “you have decided not to obey Yahweh”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: he will not be with you (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

Helping them is spoken of as being with them. Alternate translation: “he will not help you”

Numbers 14:44

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: they presumed to go up into the hill country (0)

Alternate translation: “they dared to go up into the hill country even though God did not approve”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: into the hill country (0)

Much of the land of Israel is elevated. When the Israelites crossed the Jordan River valley to attack the Canaanites, there were hills that they had to climb in order to go farther into the land of Canaan.

Numbers 15

Numbers 15 General Notes

Special concepts in this chapter

Purifying the people

As the people travel through the wilderness, Yahweh is purifying them. He is doing this so that they are able to enter into the Promised Land. (See: чистий, очищати, очищатися, чистота, очищення and Обіцяна Богом Земля)

Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter

Prostitution

The imagery of prostitution is commonly used in Scripture to indicate that Yahweh alone is to be worshiped. The people are compared to the prostitute because a husband is to only have a sexual relationship with his wife. Both the prostitute and the worship of other gods are violations of this exclusive relationship. Many cultures will struggle with this imagery because of a desire to use euphemisms. (See: бог (хибний), свої боги and Эвфемизм)

Numbers 15:1

General Information:

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: one-fourth of a hin (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume

A hin is a unit of volume equal to about 3.7 liters. Alternate translation: “about 1 liter” or “one liter”

Numbers 15:6

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: two-tenths of an ephah (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume

An ephah is a unit of volume equal to about 22 liters. Alternate translation: “4 liters” or “four and a half liters”

Quote: half a hin (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume

You may convert this to a modern measure Alternate translation: “two liters”

Numbers 15:10

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: made by fire (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that you burn on the altar”

Quote: to produce an aroma that is pleasing to Yahweh (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

Yahweh being pleased with the sincere worshiper who offers the sacrifice is spoken of as if Yahweh were pleased with the aroma of the sacrifice. Alternate translation: “to please Yahweh by offering it”

Numbers 15:14

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: he must make an offering made by fire (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “he must burn an offering on the altar”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: to produce a sweet aroma for Yahweh (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

Numbers 15:15

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: As you are, so also must be the traveler (0)

This could mean: (1) “You and the traveler staying with you are alike before Yahweh” or (2) “The same law applies to both you and the traveler”

Quote: a loaf (0)

Calling it a loaf implies that they would cooked the dough first.

Quote: וְ⁠נִכְרְתָ֛ה הַ⁠נֶּ֥פֶשׁ הַ⁠הִ֖וא מִ⁠קֶּ֥רֶב עַמָּֽ⁠הּ (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

The metaphor cut off could mean: (1) he must be sent away from Israel. (2) he must not be considered a member of the people of Israel anymore. (3) he must be killed.

and that person shall be cut off from the midst of his people

Quote: וְ⁠נִכְרְתָ֛ה הַ⁠נֶּ֥פֶשׁ הַ⁠הִ֖וא מִ⁠קֶּ֥רֶב עַמָּֽ⁠הּ (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “And his people must send him away” or “And I will no longer consider him to be one of the people of Israel” or “And you must kill him”

Numbers 15:31

has broken his commandment

Quote: מִצְוָת֖⁠וֹ הֵפַ֑ר (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

Not obeying a commandment of Yahweh is spoken of as breaking it. Alternate translation: “has disobeyed my commandment” or “has not obeyed what I commanded”

His iniquity shall be on him

Quote: עֲוֺנָ֥⁠ה בָֽ⁠הּ (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

Here, iniquity could refer to: (1) the punishment for that sin or (2) the guilt of that sin.

His iniquity shall be on him

Quote: עֲוֺנָ֥⁠ה בָֽ⁠הּ (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

Here, iniquity being on him is a metaphor that could mean: (1) he is being punished. Alternate translation: “I will punish him because of his sin” (2) he is guilty. Alternate translation: “I will consider him guilty”

Numbers 15:34

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: it had not been declared what should be done with him (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Yahweh had not declared what they should do with him”

Numbers 15:35

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: The man must surely be put to death (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “You must surely put the man to death” or “The man must surely die”

Numbers 15:38

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: the descendants of Israel (0)

Alternate translation: “the people of Israel”

Numbers 15:39

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: to carry them out (0)

Alternate translation: “to obey them”

And you shall not explore after your heart and after your eyes

Quote: וְ⁠לֹֽא־ תָתֻ֜רוּ אַחֲרֵ֤י לְבַבְ⁠כֶם֙ וְ⁠אַחֲרֵ֣י עֵֽינֵי⁠כֶ֔ם (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

Here, explore after is a metaphor for thinking about something. Alternate translation: “so that you do not think about whatever your heart and eyes want”

And you shall not explore after your heart and after your eyes

Quote: וְ⁠לֹֽא־ תָתֻ֜רוּ אַחֲרֵ֤י לְבַבְ⁠כֶם֙ וְ⁠אַחֲרֵ֣י עֵֽינֵי⁠כֶ֔ם (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

Here the heart represents what a person wants, and the eyes represent what a person sees and wants. Alternate translation: “And you must not think about whatever you want”

them which you are prostituting after

Quote: אֲשֶׁר־ אַתֶּ֥ם זֹנִ֖ים אַחֲרֵי⁠הֶֽם (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

Being unfaithful to God by choosing to do whatever they want is spoken of as if they were women who were unfaithful to their husband by choosing to have sinful relationships with other men.

them which you are prostituting after

Quote: אֲשֶׁר־ אַתֶּ֥ם זֹנִ֖ים אַחֲרֵי⁠הֶֽם (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit

It can be stated clearly that this was a shameful thing to do. Alternate translation: “and be shamefully unfaithful to me” or “and do those things instead of obeying me”

Numbers 15:40

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: call to mind (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom

This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “remember”

Numbers 15:41

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: I am Yahweh your God (0)

This clause is repeated for emphasis.

Numbers 16

Numbers 16 General Notes

Special concepts in this chapter

Rebellion and punishment

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: well-known members in the community (0)

Alternate translation: “famous members of the community” or “important men in the community”

Numbers 16:3

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: You have gone too far (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom

This represents doing more than one should. Alternate translation: “You have done more than you should” or “You assume to have more authority than you should”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Why do you lift up yourselves above the rest of Yahweh’s community? (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion

The men ask this question to rebuke Moses and Aaron. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “You are wrong to lift up yourselves above the rest of Yahweh’s community.”

Quote: that man will be set apart to Yahweh (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will set apart that man for himself”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: You have gone too far (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom

This represents doing more than one should. Alternate translation: “You have done more than you should” or “You assume to have more authority than you should”

Numbers 16:9

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: is it a small thing for you … to serve them? (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion

Moses uses this question to rebuke Korah and the men with him. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “You behave as though it is a small thing for you … to serve them!” or “You should not consider it a small thing … to serve them!”

Quote: a small thing (0)

Alternate translation: “not enough” or “unimportant”

from a land flowing with milk and honey

Quote: מֵ⁠אֶ֨רֶץ זָבַ֤ת חָלָב֙ וּ⁠דְבַ֔שׁ (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

They spoke of the land being good for animals and plants as if the milk and honey from those animals and plants were flowing through the land. See how you translated this in Numbers 14:8. Alternate translation: “from a land that is excellent for raising livestock and growing crops” or “from a very fertile land”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: to kill us (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole

The people exaggerate because they will hold Moses responsible if any of them die. Alternate translation: “to have us die”

Numbers 16:14

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: as an inheritance (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

They spoke of what God would give them to be theirs forever as if it were an inheritance.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Now do you want to blind us with empty promises? (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion

The people used this question to accuse Moses. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “Now you want to blind us with empty promises.”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: to blind us (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

Deceiving people is spoken of as making them blind. Alternate translation: “to deceive us”

Quote: the God of the spirits of all humanity (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

Here “spirits” represents the ability to live. Alternate translation: “the God who gives life to all humanity”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: if one man sins, must you be angry with all the community? (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion

Moses and Aaron use this question to plead with God for the people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “please do not be angry with all the community because one man sins”

Numbers 16:26

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: you will be consumed (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

Being destroyed is spoken of as if they would be eaten. Alternate translation: “you will be destroyed”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: you will be consumed by all their sins (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

Being destroyed because of their sins is spoken of as if the sins would destroy them. Alternate translation: “you will be destroyed because of all their sins”

Quote: The earth may swallow us up also (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

The people speak of the earth as if it were alive. Alternate translation: “The earth might open up and we too will fall into it” or “If the earth opens up again, we too will fall into it and be buried”

Numbers 16:35

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: fire flashed out from Yahweh and devoured the 250 men (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

Being destroyed by fire is spoken of as if they were eaten by the fire. Alternate translation: “fire flashed out from Yahweh and destroyed the 250 men”

Quote: Let them be made (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

Here “them” refers to the censers. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Let Eleazar make them”

Quote: had assembled against Moses and Aaron (0)

Alternate translation: “had assembled to complain against Moses and Aaron”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: behold, the cloud (0)

Here “behold” shows that the people were surprised by what they saw. Alternate translation: “suddenly, the cloud”

Numbers 16:45

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: so that I may consume them (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

God speaks of destroying them as if he would eat them. Alternate translation: “so that I may destroy them” or “and I will destroy them”

Numbers 17 General Notes

Special concepts in this chapter

Which tribe should be special workers for God?

Numbers 17:4

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: the covenant decrees (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche

The phrase “the covenant decrees” refers to the box that held the tablets that the covenant decrees were written on. Alternate translation: “the ark of the covenant” or “the box that holds the covenant decrees”

Numbers 17:5

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: the staff of the man whom I choose will bud (0)

Alternate translation: “buds will start to grow on the staff of the man whom I choose”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: the covenant decrees (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: so that you may end complaints against me (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns

The word “complaints” is an abstract noun that can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: “so that you may stop them from complaining against me”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: or they will die (0)

This is what would happen if the people were to continue complaining. God wanted to prevent this. Alternate translation: “so that they will not die”

Numbers 17:12

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: We will die here. We will all perish! (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism

These two phrases mean basically the same thing and are combined for emphasis.

Numbers 18

Numbers 18 General Notes

Special concepts in this chapter

Tithes and offerings

The tribes of Israel were required to bring a tithe to the Levites in order to free them to serve Yahweh as priests. There is a detailed description of what belonged to Yahweh in this chapter. (See: священик)

Numbers 18:1

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: all sins committed against the sanctuary (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “all sins that anyone commits against the sanctuary”

Quote: They are a gift to you (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

Yahweh appointing the Levites to help Aaron is spoken of as if they were a gift that Yahweh were giving to Aaron. Alternate translation: “They are like a gift to you”

ones given to Yahweh

Quote: נְתֻנִים֙ לַֽ⁠יהוָ֔ה (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

Here, given to Yahweh represents being set apart to serve God. Alternate translation: “who have been set apart to serve me”

ones given to Yahweh

Quote: נְתֻנִים֙ לַֽ⁠יהוָ֔ה (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: I have given these offerings to you (0)

God speaks as if he had already done this because it is a decision that he had already made. Alternate translation: “I give these offerings to you”

Quote: Everything that opens the womb (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom

The idiom “opens the womb” means to be the first male that a mother gives birth to.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: the people must certainly buy back every firstborn son (0)

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: You must sprinkle their blood (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit

That he must kill the animals first can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “You must kill them and sprinkle their blood”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: made by fire (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that you make by fire” or “that you burn with fire on the altar”

Quote: You will not incur any guilt by eating and drinking it (0)

Alternate translation: “You will not be guilty when you eat and drink it”

Numbers 19

Numbers 19 General Notes

Special concepts in this chapter

Ritually clean

This chapter talks about being clean. Some of these rituals were required to make a priest clean in order to set them apart to serve Yahweh. Other rituals were required because they prevented people from getting sick. (See: очищати, чистий, омовіння)

Numbers 19:2

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: a statute, a law (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet

These two words share similar meanings. Alternate translation: “a statute of the law” or “a legal statute”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: bring to you (0)

Here “you” is singular and refers to Moses.

Quote: scarlet wool (0)

Alternate translation: “red wool”

Numbers 19:7

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Then he must wash his clothes (0)

Here “he” refers to Eleazar the priest.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: he will remain unclean (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

Being unacceptable to God or unfit to do any sacred work is spoken of as not being clean.

Numbers 19:9

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Someone who is clean (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

Being acceptable to God and fit to do sacred work is spoken of as being clean.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: These ashes must be kept (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “You must keep these ashes”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: in a clean place (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

Being acceptable to God is spoken of as being clean.

Numbers 19:10

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: He will remain unclean (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

Being unacceptable to God or unfit to do any sacred work is spoken of as not being clean.

Numbers 19:11

Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

General Information:

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: He will remain unclean; his uncleanness will remain on him (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism

These two phrases mean basically the same thing and are combined for emphasis.

Numbers 19:14

Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

General Information:

The idea of “unclean” represents not being acceptable to God or fit for use.

Numbers 19:15

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Every open container with no cover becomes unclean (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives

This can be stated in a positive form. Alternate translation: “Open containers will remain clean only if they have covers”

Numbers 19:16

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: someone who has been killed with a sword (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “someone whom someone else has killed with a sword”

Numbers 19:17

Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

General Information:

The idea of “unclean” represents not being acceptable to God or fit for use.

Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

General Information:

The ideas of “clean” and “purify” here represent being acceptable to God.

Numbers 19:20

Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

General Information:

The ideas of “clean” and “purify” represent being acceptable to God and making something acceptable to God. The ideas of “unclean,” “defile,” and “impurity,” represent not being acceptable to God, making something unacceptable to God, and the state of being unacceptable to God.

that person shall be cut off

Quote: וְ⁠נִכְרְתָ֛ה הַ⁠נֶּ֥פֶשׁ הַ⁠הִ֖וא (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

Here the phrase be cut off means to be disowned and sent away. See how you translated this in Numbers 9:13. Alternate translation: “that person must be sent away” or “you must send that person away”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: The water for impurity has not been sprinkled on him (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “No one has sprinkled the water for impurity on him”

Numbers 19:21

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: the water for impurity (0)

See how you translated this in Numbers 19:13. Alternate translation: “the water that is sprinkled on impure things to make them pure” or “the water for making things pure”

Numbers 20

Numbers 20 General Notes

Special concepts in this chapter

Moses’ sin

God told Moses to command water to come out of a rock for the people who were complaining that they had no water. Moses became angry with the people and hit the rock twice. God told him that he and Aaron would not be allowed to go into Canaan because he disobeyed by hitting the rock instead of just speaking to it. (See: грішити, грішити, гріх, гріхи, грішник)

Important figures of speech in this chapter

“It would have been better if we had died when our fellow Israelites died in front of Yahweh”

It is possible that this statement should be taken as hyperbole, but it does not have to be taken this way. The translator should probably avoid treating this as hyperbole. (See: Гипербола и обобщение)

Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter

Wilderness of Sin

Sin is the name of a place in this chapter. It is not a place that is known for its sin. The name is not related to the meaning of the word “sin.” (See: грішити, грішити, гріх, гріхи, грішник)

Numbers 20:1

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: the wilderness of Zin (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-transliterate

The word “Zin” here is the Hebrew name of the wilderness.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: the first month (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths

This is the first month of the Hebrew calendar. It marks when God rescued the Israelites from the Egyptians. The first month is during the last part of March and the first part of April on the Western calendar.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: was buried (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “they buried her”

Numbers 20:2

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: they assembled (0)

Here “they” refers to the community.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: assembled together (0)

Alternate translation: “came as a mob”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Must we bring (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive

Here “we” refers to Moses and Aaron and may include Yahweh, but does not include the people.

Numbers 20:12

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Because you did not trust me or honor me as holy in the eyes of the people of Israel (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit

How Moses showed that he did not trust and honor God can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “Because you did not trust me or honor me as holy in the eyes of the people of Israel, but struck the rock instead of speaking to it as I told you”

Quote: he heard our voice (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

Here “voice” represents their crying or what they said to him. Alternate translation: “he heard our cry” or “he heard what we asked for”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Look (0)

The word “look” here shows that they have stopped speaking about the past and are now speaking about their present situation.

Numbers 20:17

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Connecting Statement: (0)

Connecting Statement:

The messengers continue speaking to the king of Edom.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: We will not turn aside to the right hand or to the left (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

Here “turn aside” represents leaving the road. Alternate translation: “We will not leave the road in any direction”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: the king’s highway (0)

This is the main road that connects Damascus in the north to the Gulf of Aqabah in the south.

Numbers 20:18

You may not pass through me, lest I go out to meet you with the sword

Quote: לֹ֥א תַעֲבֹ֖ר בִּ֑⁠י פֶּן־ בַּ⁠חֶ֖רֶב אֵצֵ֥א לִ⁠קְרָאתֶֽ⁠ךָ (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you

Here, You and you are singular and refer to Moses.

You may not pass through me, lest I go out to meet you with the sword

Quote: לֹ֥א תַעֲבֹ֖ר בִּ֑⁠י פֶּן־ בַּ⁠חֶ֖רֶב אֵצֵ֥א לִ⁠קְרָאתֶֽ⁠ךָ (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche

Here Moses represents the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “Your people may not pass through me, or i will go out to meet them with the sword”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: I will come with the sword (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

Here the sword represents the king’s army. Alternate translation: “I will send my army”

Numbers 20:19

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: the people of Israel (0)

This phrase refers to the Israelite messengers.

Quote: rebelled against my word (0)

Alternate translation: “refused to do what I said”

Numbers 20:26

shall be gathered and die there

Quote: יֵאָסֵ֖ף וּ⁠מֵ֥ת שָֽׁם (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism

These two phrases mean basically the same thing. They mean that it is time for Aaron to die and for his spirit to go to the place where his ancestors are.

shall be gathered

Quote: יֵאָסֵ֖ף (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism

The phrase shall be gathered means that it is time for Aaron’s spirit to go to the place where his ancestors are. This is a polite way of speaking about his death.

Numbers 20:29

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: thirty days (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers

Alternate translation: “30 days”

Numbers 21

Numbers 21 General Notes

Structure and formatting

Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 21:14–15, 17–18, 27–30.

Special concepts in this chapter

Ungrateful

The Israelites said, “Why have you brought us up out of Egypt to die in the wilderness? There is no bread, no water, and we hate this miserable food.” After all Yahweh had done, they were very ungrateful. This showed their lack of faith and trust in Yahweh. (See: віра, вірність and довіряти)

Numbers 21:1

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Here “voice” is a metonym that refers to their request. Alternate translation: “what Israel asked”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: They completely destroyed them and their cities (0)

Alternate translation: “The people of Israel completely destroyed the Canaanite army and their cities”

Quote: we have spoken … from us (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive

The words “we” and “us” here refer to the people but not to Moses.

Numbers 21:8

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Make a snake (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit

Since it is impossible for Moses to make a real snake, it is implied that he was to make a model of a snake. This implied information can be made clear. Alternate translation: “Make a model of a snake”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: everyone who is bitten (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “everyone whom a snake bites”

Numbers 21:9

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: a bronze snake (0)

Alternate translation: “a snake out of bronze”

Quote: where Yahweh said to Moses, “Gather the people together for me to give them water.” (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations

This can be stated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: “where Yahweh told Moses to gather the people together for him to give them water”

Numbers 21:17

Rise up, well

Quote: עֲלִ֥י בְאֵ֖ר (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

Here, well represents the water in the well. Alternate translation: “Water, fill up the well”

Rise up, well

Quote: עֲלִ֥י בְאֵ֖ר (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification

The Israelites are speaking to the water in the well as if it were a person who could hear them, and they are asking for it to fill the well.

Numbers 21:18

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: the well that our leaders dug, the well the nobles of the people dug (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism

These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize the role of the leaders in digging the well.

Quote: וְ⁠נִשְׁקָ֖פָה עַל־ פְּנֵ֥י הַ⁠יְשִׁימֹֽן (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom

Here, looking down is an idiom. It is a way of saying that the mountain is high. Alternate translation: “and rises above the wilderness”

Quote: the king’s highway (0)

This is the main road that connects Damascus in the north to the Gulf of Aqabah in the south. See how you translated this in Numbers 20:17.

Numbers 21:23

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: to pass through their border (0)

Here “their” refers to the Amorites. Alternate translation: “to cross over their border”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Jahaz (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names

This is the name of a place.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: he fought against Israel (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche

Here “he” refers to King Sihon who represents himself and his army. Alternate translation: “they fought against the Israelites”

Numbers 21:24

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Israel attacked (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

Here “Israel” refers to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “The Israelites attacked”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: with the edge of the sword (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

The “edge of the sword” is associated with death and complete destruction. Alternate translation: “and completely defeated them”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: took their land (0)

Here the word “their” refers to the Amorites. Alternate translation: “conquered the land of the Amorites”

Quote: Heshbon is devastated (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “We have devastated Heshbon”

Heshbon has perished as far as Dibon. … as far as Nophah, which is as far as Medeba

Quote: אָבַ֥ד חֶשְׁבּ֖וֹן עַד־ דִּיב֑וֹן & עַד־ נֹ֔פַח אֲשֶׁ֖רׄ עַד־ מֵֽידְבָֽא (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names

Heshbon, Dibon, Nophah, and Medeba are all places in Sihon’s kingdom.

Quote: none of his people were left alive (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “all of his people were dead”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: drive them (0)

Alternate translation: “chase them”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: I know that whomever you bless will be blessed, and whomever you curse will be cursed (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “I know you have the power to bless or to curse people”

Numbers 22:7

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: payment for divination (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns

If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word divination, you can express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “money to pay Balaam to curse Israel”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: They came to Balaam (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go

You may prefer to say “They went to Balaam”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: spoke to him Balak’s words (0)

Alternate translation: “told him the message from Balak”

Quote: as someone hostile to Balaam (0)

Alternate translation: “as an enemy to Balaam” or “in order to stop Balaam”

Numbers 22:23

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: with his drawn sword (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit

A sword is drawn from its sheath in order to be ready to use. Alternate translation: “with his sword ready to attack”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: The donkey turned off the road and went into a field (0)

The donkey did this to avoid the angel of Yahweh.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: to turn her back (0)

Sometimes animals are referred to as “her” or “she.” Alternate translation: “to turn it back”

Numbers 22:25

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: She went against the wall (0)

This was an attempt to escape from the angel of Yahweh in the road.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: She went (0)

Sometimes animals are referred to as “her” or “she.” Alternate translation: “It went”

Quote: She said to Balaam (0)

Alternate translation: “The donkey said to Balaam”

Numbers 22:30

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Am not I your donkey on which you have ridden all your life long to this present day? (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion

This rhetorical question was used to convict Balaam that his judgment of the donkey was unfair. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “I am your donkey on which you have ridden all your life, right up to the present moment.”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Have I ever been in the habit of doing such things to you before? (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion

This rhetorical question was used to further convict Balaam that his judgment of the donkey was unfair. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “I have never been in the habit of doing such things to you!”

Numbers 22:31

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Then Yahweh opened Balaam’s eyes, and he saw the angel of Yahweh (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

To “open one’s eyes” is associated with being able to see. Alternate translation: “Then Yahweh gave Balaam the ability to see the angel of Yahweh”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: with his drawn sword (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit

A sword is drawn from its sheath in order to be ready to use. See how you translated this in Numbers 22:23. Alternate translation: “with his sword ready to attack”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Balaam lowered his head and lay facedown (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction

This indicates that Balaam is humbling himself before the angel.

Numbers 22:32

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Why have you struck your donkey these three times? (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion

This rhetorical question is used to accuse Balaam of doing wrong. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should not have struck your donkey these three times.”

Quote: Why did you not come to me? (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion

This rhetorical question is used to rebuke Balaam for delaying to come. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should have come to me!”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Am I not able to honor you? (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion

This rhetorical question is used to rebuke Balaam for delaying to come. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Surely you know that I am able to pay you money for coming to me.”

Numbers 22:38

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Do I now have any power to say anything? (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion

Balaam uses this rhetorical question to tell Balak that he will not be able to do everything that Balak asks him to do. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “But I have no power to say anything I want”

Numbers 23 General Notes

Structure and formatting

The story of Balaam continues in this chapter.

Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 23:7–10, 18–24.

Special concepts in this chapter

Cursing God’s people

God does not allow others to curse his people. Balaam blessed Israel twice when he was supposed to curse them. This may be taken as humor or an ironic situation. (See: прокляття, проклинати, проклятий, що проклинає and Божий народ, Його народ)

Numbers 23:1

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Balak (0)

This is the king of Moab. See how you translated this in Numbers 22:2.

Here “him” is a metonym that refers to the people of Israel.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: there is a people (0)

Alternate translation: “there is a group of people”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: do not consider themselves as just an ordinary nation (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes

This negative statement is used to stress that the opposite is true. Alternate translation: “they consider themselves to be a special nation”

Numbers 23:10

Who can count the dust of Jacob or number the fourth part of Israel

Quote: מִ֤י מָנָה֙ עֲפַ֣ר יַעֲקֹ֔ב וּ⁠מִסְפָּ֖ר אֶת־ רֹ֣בַע יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

Here dust of Jacob is a metaphor that speaks of the number of Israelites as if they were as numerous as the specks of dust.

Who can count the dust of Jacob or number the fourth part of Israel

Quote: מִ֤י מָנָה֙ עֲפַ֣ר יַעֲקֹ֔ב וּ⁠מִסְפָּ֖ר אֶת־ רֹ֣בַע יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion

If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “There are too many Israelites to count. No one could count even a fourth of them because there are so many.”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: the death of a righteous person (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit

It is understood that this will be a peaceful death. This can be stated. Alternate translation: “the peaceful death of a righteous person”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: a righteous person … like his (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

These are metonymies that refer to the people of Israel as a single person.

Numbers 23:11

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Balak (0)

This is the king of Moab. See how you translated this in Numbers 22:2.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: What have you done to me? (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion

Balak uses this question to scold Balaam. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “I cannot believe you did this to me!”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: but look (0)

This emphasizes the shocking action that follows.

Numbers 23:12

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Should I not be careful to say only what Yahweh puts in my mouth? (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion

Balaam uses this rhetorical question to defend his actions. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “I must be very careful to say only what Yahweh tells me to say.”

Quote: shouts for their king are among them (0)

Alternate translation: “they shout with joy because Yahweh is their king”

Numbers 23:22

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: with strength like that of a wild ox (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile

This simile says that Yahweh’s great strength is equal to an ox.

Numbers 23:23

For there is no omen against Jacob, and no divination against Israel

Quote: כִּ֤י לֹא־ נַ֨חַשׁ֙ בְּ⁠יַעֲקֹ֔ב וְ⁠לֹא־ קֶ֖סֶם בְּ⁠יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism

These two lines mean the same thing, that no curse that anyone puts on the nation of Israel will be effective.

For there is no omen against Jacob, and no divination against Israel

Quote: כִּ֤י לֹא־ נַ֨חַשׁ֙ בְּ⁠יַעֲקֹ֔ב וְ⁠לֹא־ קֶ֖סֶם בְּ⁠יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

Here Jacob is a metonym that refers to Israel.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: it must be said (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. “people must say”

Numbers 24 General Notes

Structure and formatting

The story of Balaam continues in this chapter.

Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 24:3–9, 15–24.

Special concepts in this chapter

Cursing God’s people

Numbers 24:3

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: He received this prophecy (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “God gave him this prophecy”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Balaam son of Beor (0)

Beor was Balaam’s father. See how you translated this in Numbers 22:5.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: whose eyes are wide open (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom

This idiom means he sees and understands clearly.

Numbers 24:4

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: He speaks … He sees … he bows (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person

Here Balaam refers to himself as “He.”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: he bows down (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction

This is an act of humility.

Quote: like gardens by the riverside (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile

Balaam speaks of the Israelies as if they were well-watered gardens that produce an abundant harvest.

like aloes Yahweh has planted

Quote: כַּ⁠אֲהָלִים֙ נָטַ֣ע יְהוָ֔ה (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown

Aloes are plants with a pleasant smell that grow well even in dry conditions.

like aloes Yahweh has planted

Quote: כַּ⁠אֲהָלִים֙ נָטַ֣ע יְהוָ֔ה (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile

Balaam speaks of the Israelites as if they would thrive and be pleasant like aloe plants.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: like cedars beside the waters (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile

Quote: their kingdom will be honored (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “other people will give honor to their kingdom”

Numbers 24:8

This is an idiom that speaks of the increase in Balak’s anger as if his nose was starting to burn. Alternate translation: “And Balak became very angry”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: struck his hands together in anger (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction

This was a sign of great frustration and anger.

Numbers 24:13

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Even if Balak gave me his palace full of silver and gold (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo

Balaam is describing something that would never happen. This statement emphasizes that there is nothing that would make Balaam disobey God.

Quote: whose eyes are wide open (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom

This idiom means he sees and understands clearly. See how you translated this in Numbers 24:3.

Numbers 24:16

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: who has knowledge from the Most High (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns

The abstract term “knowledge” can be stated as an action. Alternate translation: “who knows things that God Most High has revealed to him”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: bows down (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction

General Information:

Balaam finishes the first of his four prophecies.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Edom will become a possession of Israel (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “The Israelites will occupy Edom”

and Seir will become a possession

Quote: וְ⁠הָיָ֧ה יְרֵשָׁ֛ה שֵׂעִ֖יר (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

Here Seir refers to the people who lived near Mount Seir.Alternate translation: “and the people of Seir will become a possession”

and Seir will become a possession

Quote: וְ⁠הָיָ֧ה יְרֵשָׁ֛ה שֵׂעִ֖יר (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Israel will also conquer the people of Seir”

Numbers 24:19

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Out of Jacob a king will come (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

Jacob was the ancestor of the Israelites. “Jacob” is a metonym that refers to the whole people group.

Quote: The place where you live is strong (0)

Alternate translation: “The place were you live is well defended”

Quote: they, too, will end in destruction (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns

If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word destruction, you can express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “God will destroy them also”

Numbers 24:25

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Balak (0)

This is the king of Moab. See how you translated this in Numbers 22:2.

Numbers 25

Numbers 25 General Notes

Structure and formatting

The story of Balaam concludes in this chapter.

Special concepts in this chapter

Foreign women

Balaam told the young women from Moab to act friendly to the Israelite men and invite them to feasts in honor of their god Baal. The men went to the feasts and worshiped Baal. God was angry and killed 24,000 Israelite men. Foreign women are often the source of problems in Israel. They caused the men to worship their false gods. (See: бог (хибний), свої боги)

Numbers 25:1

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Shittim (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Connecting Statement: (0)

Connecting Statement:

Quote: Zur (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names

This is the name of a man.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Kozbi (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names

Numbers 26:4

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: twenty years old and up (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers

Alternate translation: “20 years old and older”

Numbers 26:5

Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names

General Information:

The leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: was the firstborn of Israel (0)

Here “Israel” refers to the man also known as Jacob.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: From his son (0)

The word “his” refers to Rueben.

Numbers 26:7

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: 43,730 men (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers

Alternate translation: “forty-three thousand seven hundred and thirty men”

Numbers 26:8

Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names

General Information:

The leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families.

Quote: fire devoured 250 men (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification

Here the fire is spoken of as if it were a large animal devouring something. Alternate translation: “Yahweh caused a fire that killed 250 men”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: 250 men (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers

Alternate translation: “two hundred and fifty men”

Numbers 26:11

Numbers 26:37

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: 32,500 men (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers

Alternate translation: “thirty-two thousand five hundred men”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: These were Joseph’s descendants, counted (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit

The word “these” refers to all of the men descended from Joseph’s sons, Ephraim and Manasseh. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “These were Joseph’s descendants, descended from his sons Manasseh and Ephraim, counted”

Quote: by random lots (0)

Alternate translation: “by casting lots”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: it will be divided (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you will divide it”

Numbers 26:56

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: distributed to them (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “and you must distribute the land to them”

Numbers 26:57

Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names

General Information:

This is a list of the Levite clans. Moses counts the Levites separately from the other tribes because they did not receive any land.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: counted clan by clan (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that the leaders also counted clan by clan”

Quote: She bore to Amram their children (0)

Alternate translation: “She and Amram had children”

Numbers 26:60

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Nadab … Abihu … Ithamar (0)

See how you translated these men’s names in Numbers 3:2.

Numbers 26:61

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: they offered before Yahweh unacceptable fire (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

Quote: כִּ֠י לֹא־ נִתַּ֤ן לָ⁠הֶם֙ נַחֲלָ֔ה בְּ⁠ת֖וֹךְ בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “because Yahweh said they would not receive any land as an inheritance”

Numbers 26:63

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: who were counted by Moses and Eleazar the priest (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

Numbers 26:64

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: there was no man (0)

Alternate translation: “there were no men”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: who had been counted by Moses and Aaron the priest (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: when the descendants of Israel were counted (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “when they counted the descendants of Israel”

Numbers 26:65

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: There was not a man left among them, except (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives

The word “them” refers to all of the people who were counted in the wilderness of Sinai. This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “The only ones who were still alive were”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: son of Jephunneh (0)

Jephunneh was Caleb’s father. See how you translated this in Numbers 13:6.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: son of Nun (0)

Nun was Joshua’s father. See how you translated this in Numbers 11:28.

Numbers 27

Numbers 27 General Notes

Special concepts in this chapter

Daughters

The daughters of Korah received no land because their father was punished by Yahweh. Yahweh still graciously gave them their father’s portion of land. (See: благодать, милість, добрий)

The new leader is Joshua

God told Moses to appoint Joshua as the new leader. Joshua became Yahweh’s anointed leader. (See: призначати, поставити, доручати and помазувати, помазанник, помазання)

Numbers 27:1

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Then to Moses came the daughters of Zelophehad … son of Joseph (0)

This tells us the genealogy of Zelophehad. Alternate translation: “Then the daughters of Zelophehad son of Hepher son of Gilead son of Machir son of Manasseh, of the clans of Manasseh son of Joseph came to Moses”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Zelophehad son of Hepher … Mahlah, Noah, Hoglah, Milkah, and Tirzah (0)

See how you translated these men’s names in Numbers 26:33.

Quote: for his own sin (0)

Alternate translation: “because of his own sin”

Numbers 27:4

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Why should our father’s name be taken away from among his clan members because he had no son? (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion

At that time, only sons received land as an inheritance. The daughters use this question to suggest that they should receive the inheritance and continue the family clan. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should not remove our father’s name from the clan members just because he did not have a son.”

Quote: It will be at his command that the people will go out and come in (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism

This means that Joshua will have authority to command the movements of the community of Israel. “Going out” and “coming in” are two opposite commands used to emphasize that he will have full command over their movements. Alternate translation: “He will command the community’s movements”

Quote: He laid his hands on him (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction

The laying on of hands was a way of setting a person apart to do a special task for God.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: to lead (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis

You can make clear the understood information to lead the people. Alternate translation: “to lead the people” or “to be the leader of the Israelites”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: as Yahweh had commanded him to do (0)

Here “him” refers to Moses.

Numbers 28

Numbers 28 General Notes

Special concepts in this chapter

Offerings for special days

God commanded the Israelites to make special offerings for Sabbaths, new months, Passover and firstfruits. On each of these occasions, specific sacrifices were required. (See: субота, суботній and свято Великодня, Великдень and перші плоди)

Numbers 28:2

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: at the appointed times (0)

Alternate translation: “at the times that I haven chosen”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: the food of my offerings made by fire to produce (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the food offerings that you will burn on the altar produce”

Quote: וַ⁠עֲשִׂירִ֧ית הָ⁠אֵיפָ֛ה (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction

A tenth means one part out of ten equal parts.

and the tenth of an ephah of

Quote: וַ⁠עֲשִׂירִ֧ית הָ⁠אֵיפָ֛ה (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume

You can express this in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “2 liters of” or “a tenth of an ephah (which is about 2 liters) of”

the fourth of a hin of

Quote: רְבִיעִ֥ת הַ⁠הִֽין (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction

One fourth means one part out of four equal parts.

the fourth of a hin of

Quote: רְבִיעִ֥ת הַ⁠הִֽין (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume

You can express this in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “a liter of” or “one-fourth of a hin (which is almost 1 liter) of”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: beaten oil (0)

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: like the one offered (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “like the one you offered”

Numbers 28:9

and two-tenths fine flour

Quote: וּ⁠שְׁנֵ֣י עֶשְׂרֹנִ֗ים סֹ֧לֶת (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction

The two-tenths means two parts out of ten equal parts.

and two-tenths fine flour

Quote: וּ⁠שְׁנֵ֣י עֶשְׂרֹנִ֗ים סֹ֧לֶת (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis

The words “of an ephah” are understood and you may state them clearly. Alternate translation: “and two-tenths of an ephah of fine flour”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: mixed with oil (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “which you have mixed with oil”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: the drink offering with it (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit

Many offerings had a drink offering that was required to be offered with them. The full meaning of the can be made clear. Alternate translation: “the drink offering that accompanies it”

Numbers 28:12

and three-tenths fine flour

Quote: וּ⁠שְׁלֹשָׁ֣ה עֶשְׂרֹנִ֗ים סֹ֤לֶת (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction

The three-tenths means three parts out of ten equal parts.

and three-tenths fine flour

Quote: וּ⁠שְׁלֹשָׁ֣ה עֶשְׂרֹנִ֗ים סֹ֤לֶת (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis

The words “of an ephah” are understood and you may state them clearly. Alternate translation: “and three-tenths of an ephah of fine flour”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: mixed with oil (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

and two-tenths fine flour

Quote: וּ⁠שְׁנֵ֣י עֶשְׂרֹנִ֗ים סֹ֤לֶת (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction

The two-tenths means two parts out of ten equal parts.

and two-tenths fine flour

Quote: וּ⁠שְׁנֵ֣י עֶשְׂרֹנִ֗ים סֹ֤לֶת (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis

The words “of an ephah” are understood and you may state them clearly. Alternate translation: “and two-tenths of an ephah of fine flour”

and two-tenths fine flour

Quote: וּ⁠שְׁנֵ֣י עֶשְׂרֹנִ֗ים סֹ֤לֶת (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume

This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “and four and a half liters of fine flour” or “and two-tenths of an ephah (which is about 4.5 liters) of fine flour”

Numbers 28:13

and a tenth, a tenth fine flour

Quote: וְ⁠עִשָּׂרֹ֣ן עִשָּׂר֗וֹן סֹ֤לֶת (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction

A tenth means one part out of ten equal parts.

and a tenth, a tenth fine flour

Quote: וְ⁠עִשָּׂרֹ֣ן עִשָּׂר֗וֹן סֹ֤לֶת (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis

The words “of an ephah” are understood and you may state them clearly. Alternate translation: “and a tenth of an ephah of fine flour”

and a tenth, a tenth fine flour

Quote: וְ⁠עִשָּׂרֹ֣ן עִשָּׂר֗וֹן סֹ֤לֶת (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume

You can express this in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “2 liters of fine flour”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: made by fire (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

Numbers 28:14

half of a hin of

Quote: חֲצִ֣י הַ⁠הִין֩ (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction

A half means one part out of two equal parts.

half of a hin of

Quote: חֲצִ֣י הַ⁠הִין֩ (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume

You can express this in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “two liters of” or “half a hin (which is two liters) of”

and a third of a hin

Quote: וּ⁠שְׁלִישִׁ֧ת הַ⁠הִ֣ין (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction

A third means one part out of three equal parts.

and a third of a hin

Quote: וּ⁠שְׁלִישִׁ֧ת הַ⁠הִ֣ין (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume

You can express in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “1.2 liters of” or “one and one-fifth liters of” or “half a hin (which is 1.2 liters) of”

and a fourth of a hin

Quote: וּ⁠רְבִיעִ֥ת הַ⁠הִ֛ין (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction

A fourth means one part out of four equal parts.

and a fourth of a hin

Quote: וּ⁠רְבִיעִ֥ת הַ⁠הִ֛ין (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume

You can express this in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “a liter” or “one-fourth of a hin (which is almost 1 liter)”

Numbers 28:15

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: One male goat as a sin offering to Yahweh must be offered (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “You must offer one male goat to Yahweh as a sin offering”

Numbers 28:16

And in the first month, on day 14 of the month

Quote: וּ⁠בַ⁠חֹ֣דֶשׁ הָ⁠רִאשׁ֗וֹן בְּ⁠אַרְבָּעָ֥ה עָשָׂ֛ר י֖וֹם לַ⁠חֹ֑דֶשׁ (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths

This refers to the first month of the Hebrew calendar.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: comes Yahweh’s Passover (0)

Alternate translation: “you must celebrate Yahweh’s Passover”

Numbers 28:17

And on day 15 of this month

Quote: וּ⁠בַ⁠חֲמִשָּׁ֨ה עָשָׂ֥ר י֛וֹם לַ⁠חֹ֥דֶשׁ הַ⁠זֶּ֖ה (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths

This refers to the first month of the Hebrew calendar.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: a feast is to be held (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. “you must have a feast”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: bread without yeast must be eaten (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

You can express this in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “six liters”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: mixed with oil (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

and two-tenths

Quote: וּ⁠שְׁנֵ֧י עֶשְׂרֹנִ֛ים (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction

The two-tenths means two parts out of ten equal parts.

and two-tenths

Quote: וּ⁠שְׁנֵ֧י עֶשְׂרֹנִ֛ים (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis

The words “of an ephah of fine flour” are understood from the previous phrase. You can repeat them here. Alternate translation: “two-tenths of an ephah of fine flour”

and two-tenths

Quote: וּ⁠שְׁנֵ֧י עֶשְׂרֹנִ֛ים (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume

You can express this in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “four and a half liters”

Numbers 28:21

A tenth, a tenth

Quote: עִשָּׂר֤וֹן עִשָּׂרוֹן֙ (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction

A tenth means one part out of ten equal parts.

A tenth, a tenth

Quote: עִשָּׂר֤וֹן עִשָּׂרוֹן֙ (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume

This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “2 liters”

Quote: the food of the offering made by fire (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you must burn the food offering on the altar”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: a sweet aroma for Yahweh (0)

Alternate translation: “as a sweet aroma for Yahweh”

Quote: have a holy assembly to honor Yahweh (0)

The phrase “a holy assembly” means the people gather together to worship Yahweh. Worshiping Yahweh is a holy event. Alternate translation: “gather together to worship and honor Yahweh”

Numbers 28:28

mixed with the oil

Quote: בְּלוּלָ֣ה בַ⁠שָּׁ֑מֶן (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

three-tenths

Quote: שְׁלֹשָׁ֤ה עֶשְׂרֹנִים֙ (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction

The three-tenths means three parts out of ten equal parts.

three-tenths

Quote: שְׁלֹשָׁ֤ה עֶשְׂרֹנִים֙ (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume

This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “six liters”

two-tenths

Quote: שְׁנֵי֙ עֶשְׂרֹנִ֔ים (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction

The two-tenths means two parts out of ten equal parts.

two-tenths

Quote: their drink offerings (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession

This refers to the drink offerings that are required to accompany each of the animals when they are sacrificed. Alternate translation: “the drink offerings that are offered with them” or “the drink offerings that accompany them”

Numbers 29

Numbers 29 General Notes

Structure and formatting

This chapter continues the material from the previous chapter about offerings on specific days.

Numbers 29:1

General Information:

Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.

And in the seventh month, on the first of the month

Quote: וּ⁠בַ⁠חֹ֨דֶשׁ הַ⁠שְּׁבִיעִ֜י בְּ⁠אֶחָ֣ד לַ⁠חֹ֗דֶשׁ (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths

This refers to the seventh month of the Hebrew calendar. Alternate translation: “And on day 1 of month 7”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: have a holy assembly to honor Yahweh (0)

The phrase “a holy assembly” means the people gather together to worship Yahweh. Worshiping Yahweh is a holy event. Alternate translation: “gather together to worship and honor Yahweh”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: It will be a day when you blow trumpets (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche

The word “you” refers to the people of Israel who here represent the priests. The priests blew the trumpet to begin a worship service or to gather the community together. Alternate translation: “It will be a day when the priests blow trumpets”

Numbers 29:3

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: their grain offering (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession

This refers to the grain offerings that are required to accompany each of the animals when they are sacrificed. Alternate translation: “the grain offerings that are offered with them” or “the grain offerings that accompany them”

Quote: שְׁנֵ֥י עֶשְׂרֹנִ֖ים (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis

The phrase “of an ephah of fine flour mixed with oil” is understood from earlier in the sentence. Alternate translation: “two-tenths of an ephah (which is about 4.5 liters) of fine flour mixed with oil”

Numbers 29:4

and one-tenth

Quote: וְ⁠עִשָּׂר֣וֹן אֶחָ֔ד (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction

The one-tenth means one part out of ten equal parts.

and one-tenth

Quote: וְ⁠עִשָּׂר֣וֹן אֶחָ֔ד (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume

This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “2 liters”

Quote: the regular burnt offering, its grain offering, and its drink offerings (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession

This refers to the offerings the priests were to give every day. The grain offering and drink offering were to be offered with the regular burnt offering. Alternate translation: “the regular burnt offering, with the grain offering and drink offerings that accompany it”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: you will obey what has been decreed (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you will obey Yahweh’s decree” or “you will obey what Yahweh had decreed”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: an offering made by fire to Yahweh (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “an offering you burnt on the altar to Yahweh”

Numbers 29:7

two-tenths

Quote: שְׁנֵי֙ עֶשְׂרֹנִ֔ים (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis

two-tenths

Quote: שְׁנֵ֤י עֶשְׂרֹנִים֙ (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis

The phrase “of an ephah of fine flour” is understood from earlier in the sentence. Alternate translation: “two-tenths of an ephah (which is about 4.5 liters) of fine flour mixed with oil”

Numbers 29:15

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: fourteen lambs (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers

Alternate translation: “14 lambs”

and a tenth, a tenth

Quote: וְ⁠עִשָּׂרׄוֹן֙ עִשָּׂר֔וֹן (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction

The tenth means one part out of ten equal parts.

and a tenth, a tenth

Quote: וְ⁠עִשָּׂרׄוֹן֙ עִשָּׂר֔וֹן (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume

This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “two liters”

Alternate translation: “11 bulls, 2 rams, and 14 male lambs”

Numbers 29:21

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: as were commanded (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “as Yahweh commanded”

Numbers 29:22

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: its grain offering, and their drink offerings (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession

Numbers 29:23

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Yahweh tells Moses what the people must do after the seven-day festival in the seventh month.

Quote: by which she has bound herself (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

Here Moses speaks of how a woman has committed herself to fulfilling a promise as if her promise were a physical object that she had bound to her body. Alternate translation: “that she has committed herself to fulfill”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: he says nothing to reverse her (0)

Alternate translation: “he does not cancel what she has said”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: will stand (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom

This is an idiom. It means that her vows will remain in effect and that she will be required to fulfill them. Alternate translation: “she will be obligated to fulfill”

Numbers 30:5

[GL Quote Not Found!]

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: will stand (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom

This is an idiom. It means that her vows will remain in effect and that she will be required to fulfill them. Alternate translation: “she will be obligated to fulfill” See how this is translated in Numbers 30:4.

Numbers 30:8

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: the vow that she has made … the rash talk of her lips (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism

These two phrases refer to the same thing. The second phrase describes the vow that the woman made. Alternate translation: “the vow that she has made … that is, the rash talk of her lips”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: the rash talk of her lips (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche

The phrase “the rash talk” refers to the rash promise that she made. Here “her lips” means the woman herself. She is referred to as “her lips” because lips are related to what she says. Alternate translation: “the rash things she has said” or “her rash promise”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: with which she has bound herself (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

Numbers 30:9

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: a divorced woman (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “a woman whom a man has divorced”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: because he has said nothing to her (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis

You can make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: “because he has said nothing to her about them”

Numbers 30:15

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: then he will be responsible for her guilt (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit

This means that he will be guilty of her sin instead of her if she does not fulfill her vow. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “if she does not fulfill her vow, she will not be guilty of her sin, and he will be guilty instead of her”

Numbers 31

Numbers 31 General Notes

Special concepts in this chapter

Midianites

Israel killed the Midianites, including Balaam, for tempting them to worship Baal. This battle was at Yahweh’s command. Yahweh would bring justice. (See: справедливий, правильний, виправдовувати, бути виправданим)

Numbers 31:2

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Take vengeance on the Midianites for what they did to the Israelites (0)

Yahweh was punishing the Midianites for convincing the Israelites to worship idols.

you shall be gathered to your people

Quote: תֵּאָסֵ֥ף אֶל־ עַמֶּֽי⁠ךָ (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism

This is a polite way to emphasize that it is time for Moses to die and for his spirit to go to the place where his ancestors are.

Numbers 31:3

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Arm some of your men for war (0)

Alternate translation: “Give weapons to some of your men”

Quote: Israel’s thousands of men (0)

Alternate translation: “the thousands of Israel’s men”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: one thousand was provided from each tribe (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “every tribe sent 1,000 men to war”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: twelve thousand men armed for war (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit

All 12 tribes sent men, including the tribe of Levi. Each tribe sent 1,000 men into battle.

Numbers 31:8

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Evi, Rekem, Zur, Hur, and Reba (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names

These are names of kings of Midian.

Moses speaks to the commanders of the Israelite army about becoming clean before God.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: who have not known a man by lying with him (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism

This refers to girls who were virgins. Alternate translation: “who have not had sexual relations with any man”

Numbers 31:19

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: All of you (0)

Moses is referring to anyone who fought in battle, not just the commanders.

Quote: gold, silver, bronze, iron, tin, and lead (0)

metals that were used during that time period

Numbers 31:23

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: that resists fire (0)

Alternate translation: “that will not burn”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: put it through the fire (0)

Alternate translation: “put it into the fire”

Quote: women who had not known a man by lying with him (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism

This refers to women who are virgins. Alternate translation: “women who had no had sexual relations with a man”

Numbers 31:36

Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers

General Information:

Moses is listing the plunder that goes to the soldiers and the tax that goes to Yahweh.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: The half that was kept for the soldiers (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “The soldiers’ part of the sheep”

Quote: seventy-two (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers

Numbers 31:39

Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers

General Information:

General Information:

Moses is listing the plunder that goes to the people and the tax that goes to Yahweh.

Numbers 31:43

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: 337,500 sheep (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers

Alternate translation: “three hundred and thirty-seven thousand five hundred sheep”

Numbers 31:44

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: thirty-six thousand oxen (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers

36,000 oxen

Numbers 31:46

and 16, 000 human lives

Quote: וְ⁠נֶ֣פֶשׁ אָדָ֔ם שִׁשָּׁ֥ה עָשָׂ֖ר אָֽלֶף (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers

You can state this number in words. Alternate translation: “and sixteen thousand human lives”

and 16, 000 human lives

Quote: וְ⁠נֶ֣פֶשׁ אָדָ֔ם שִׁשָּׁ֥ה עָשָׂ֖ר אָֽלֶף (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit

It has been stated earlier that all the males and the married women captives were put to death. Alternate translation: “and 16,000 women”

Numbers 31:47

Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers

General Information:

Moses is listing the plunder that goes to the people and the tax that goes to Yahweh.

General Information:

Numbers 31:50

General Information:

The officers of the army continue speaking to Moses.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: armlets and bracelets, signet rings, earrings, and necklaces (0)

These are all types of jewelry that people wore.

Quote: from the commanders of thousands and from the captains of hundreds (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers

This could mean: (1) these numbers represent the exact amount of soldiers that these commanders and captains led. Alternate translation: “from the commanders of 1,000 soldiers and from the captains of 100 soldiers” or (2) the words translated as “thousands” and “hundreds” do not represent exact numbers, but are the names of larger and smaller military divisions. Alternate translation: “from the commanders of large military divisions and from the captains of smaller military divisions” See how you translated a similar phrase in Numbers 31:14.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: 16,750 (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers

Alternate translation: “sixteen thousand, seven hundred and fifty”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: shekels (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney

A shekel is 11 grams.

Numbers 31:54

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: as a reminder of the people of Israel for Yahweh (0)

The gold will remind the people that Yahweh gave them victory. It will also remind Yahweh that the people fulfilled his revenge on the Midianites.

Numbers 32

Numbers 32 General Notes

Structure and formatting

Reuben and Gad’s inheritance

Reuben and Gad were given the land conquered east of the Jordan River. This land had good pastures, and suited these tribes because they had many sheep, goats and cattle. They had not yet entered into the Promised Land, and it would have been sinful to not fight with the rest of Israel. So they promised to enter the land to fight with the other tribes, and then return to their own land. (See: грішити, грішити, гріх, гріхи, грішник and Обіцяна Богом Земля and обіцянка, обіцяти)

Numbers 32:1

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Now (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background

This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here Moses tells background information about the tribes of Reuben and Gad.

Numbers 32:3

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Ataroth, Dibon, Jazer, Nimrah, Heshbon, Elealeh, Sebam, Nebo, and Beon (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names

These are names of cities.

Numbers 32:4

General Information:

The people from Reuben and Gad continue speaking to Moses, Eleazar, and the other leaders.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: the lands that Yahweh attacked before the community of Israel (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

Yahweh enabling the Israelites to conquer the people who lived in the land is spoken of as if Yahweh went before the Israelites and attacked the people. Alternate translation: “the lands where Yahweh enabled us to defeat the people living there”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: We, your servants (0)

The people of the tribes of Reuben and Gad refer to themselves in this way to show respect to a person of higher authority.

Numbers 32:5

If we have found favor in your eyes

Quote: אִם־ מָצָ֤אנוּ חֵן֙ בְּ⁠עֵינֶ֔י⁠ךָ (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

Here, eyes are a metonym for sight. Alternate translation: “If we have found favor in your sight”

If we have found favor in your eyes

Quote: אִם־ מָצָ֤אנוּ חֵן֙ בְּ⁠עֵינֶ֔י⁠ךָ (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom

Here, found favor is an idiom that means be approved of or that the leaders are pleased with them. Alternate translation: “If you are pleased with us”

If we have found favor in your eyes

Quote: אִם־ מָצָ֤אנוּ חֵן֙ בְּ⁠עֵינֶ֔י⁠ךָ (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

Here, for Moses to see with his eyes is a metaphor representing his evaluation. Alternate translation: “If we have found favor with you”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: let this land be given to us (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “give this land to us”

Quote: discourage the hearts of the people of Israel from going (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche

Here the word “hearts” represents the people themselves and refers to the seat of their emotions. Alternate translation: “discourage the people of Israel from going” or “cause the people of Israel to not want to go”

Numbers 32:9

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Valley of Eshkol (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names

This is the name of a place. See how you translated this in Numbers 13:23.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: They saw the land (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit

This refers to seeing what was in the land. Alternate translation: “They saw the strong people and cities in the land”

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “he destroyed all the generation … sight” or “all the generation … sight had died”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: who had done evil in his sight (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom

Being in someone’s sight means to be in front of that person where he can see. Alternate translation: “who had done evil before Yahweh” or “who had done evil in Yahweh’s presence”

Numbers 32:14

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: you have risen up in your fathers’ place (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

The people of Reuben and Gad acting like their ancestors did is spoken of as if they were standing in the place where their ancestors did. Alternate translation: “you have begun to act just like your ancestors”

Quote: in the fortified cities (0)

Alternate translation: “in the secured cities”

Numbers 32:18

General Information:

The leaders of Gad and Reuben continue speaking.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: has obtained his inheritance (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

It is implied that they will return to the east side of the Jordan. Alternate translation: “you may return to this land on the east side of the Jordan”

Quote: every man who is armed for war (0)

Alternate translation: “every man prepared for war”

Numbers 32:29

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: every man who is armed (0)

Alternate translation: “every man who is ready with his weapon”

Quote: our possessed inheritance (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

The land that the people were to receive as a permanent possession is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that they were to obtain. Alternate translation: “the portion of land that we will possess”

This is the name of a city.

Numbers 32:42

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Nobah (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names

This is the name of a man.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Kenath (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names

This is the name of a city.

Numbers 33

Numbers 33 General Notes

Structure and formatting

This chapter is a summary of Israel’s exodus from Egypt to the Promised Land, including their wandering through the desert. The phrase “they set out” means “they left.”

Numbers 33:1

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: by their armed groups (0)

This means that each tribe had their own men, who were armed, to protect them. See how you translated “armed groups” in Numbers 1:3. Alternate translation: “by their military divisions”

Numbers 33:2

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: as commanded by Yahweh (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “as Yahweh commanded”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: departure after departure (0)

Alternate translation: “from one place to another place”

Numbers 33:3

Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names

General Information:

Moses lists the places the Israelites went after they left Egypt.

on the first month, on day 15 of the first month

Quote: בַּ⁠חֹ֣דֶשׁ הָֽ⁠רִאשׁ֔וֹן בַּ⁠חֲמִשָּׁ֥ה עָשָׂ֛ר י֖וֹם לַ⁠חֹ֣דֶשׁ הָ⁠רִאשׁ֑וֹן (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal

Here, first is the ordinal number one.

on the first month, on day 15 of the first month

Quote: on the edge of the wilderness (0)

Alternate translation: “on the border of the wilderness”

Numbers 33:8

Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names

General Information:

Moses lists the places the Israelites went after they left Egypt.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: passed through the middle of the sea (0)

This refers to when Yahweh divided the Red Sea so that the Israelites could escape from the Egyptian army.

Numbers 33:9

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: twelve springs … seventy palm trees (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers

Alternate translation: “12 springs … 70 palm trees”

Numbers 33:11

Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names

General Information:

Moses lists the places the Israelites went after they left Egypt.

Numbers 33:14

[GL Quote Not Found!]

General Information:

Moses lists the places the Israelites went after they left Egypt.

Numbers 33:38

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: in the fortieth year after (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal

Here “fortieth” is the ordinal number for forty. Alternate translation: “40 years after”

in the fifth month, on 1 of the month

Quote: בַּ⁠חֹ֥דֶשׁ הַ⁠חֲמִישִׁ֖י בְּ⁠אֶחָ֥ד לַ⁠חֹֽדֶשׁ (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal

Here, fifth is the ordinal number for five.

Quote: Arad (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names

This was the name of a Canaanite city.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: heard of the coming of the people of Israel (0)

Numbers 33:55

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: like objects in your eyes and thorns in your sides (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile

Just like a small object in a person’s eye or a small thorn that sticks into a person skin can cause great irritation, so even a small portion of the Canaanites, if left in the land, would cause great trouble for the Israelites.

Numbers 34

Numbers 34 General Notes

Structure and formatting

The ULT sets the lines in 34:19–28 farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because they are long lists.

Special concepts in this chapter

The boundaries

Moses told them all of the land they would inherit and live in and said that they should divide it up by casting lots. (See: володіти, успадковувати, спадщину, спадщину, спадкоємець, залишати у спадок)

Numbers 34:3

Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names

General Information:

This is the list of men who will help divide the land among the tribes.

Numbers 34:27

Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names

General Information:

This concludes the list of men who will help divide the land among the tribes.

Numbers 35

Numbers 35 General Notes

Structure and formatting

This chapter continues the material from the previous chapter.

Special concepts in this chapter

Revenge

Numbers 35:4

1, 000 cubits

Quote: אֶ֥לֶף אַמָּ֖ה (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers

You can state this number in words. Alternate translation: “one thousand cubits”

1, 000 cubits

Quote: אֶ֥לֶף אַמָּ֖ה (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance

If it is necessary to use modern distance units, here is a way of doing it. Alternate translation: “457 meters”

Numbers 35:5

2, 000 by the cubit … 2, 000 by the cubit … 2, 000 by the cubit

Quote: אַלְפַּ֪יִם בָּֽ⁠אַמָּ֟ה & אַלְפַּ֨יִם בָּ⁠אַמָּ֜ה & אַלְפַּ֣יִם בָּֽ⁠אַמָּ֗ה (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers

You can state these numbers in words. Alternate translation: “two thousand cubits … two thousand cubits … two thousand cubits”

2, 000 by the cubit … 2, 000 by the cubit … 2, 000 by the cubit

Quote: אַלְפַּ֪יִם בָּֽ⁠אַמָּ֟ה & אַלְפַּ֨יִם בָּ⁠אַמָּ֜ה & אַלְפַּ֣יִם בָּֽ⁠אַמָּ֗ה (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance

You can state this in modern measurements. A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “920 meters … 920 meters … 920 meters”

Numbers 35:6

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: a person who has killed someone (0)

This refers to people who have killed someone, but it had not yet been determined whether they killed the person intentionally or accidentally.

Quote: so that the accused man will not be killed without first standing trial before the community (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “so that no one will kill the accused man before the community is able to judge him in court”

Numbers 35:16

The one who murders shall certainly be put to death

Quote: מ֥וֹת יוּמַ֖ת הָ⁠רֹצֵֽחַ (1)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “You must certainly execute the one who murders another person”

Numbers 35:19

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: The avenger of blood (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

Here the word “blood” is a metonym for the murder. Alternate translation: “The one who avenges the murder” or “The relative seeking vengeance”

Numbers 35:22

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: without premeditated hate (0)

Alternate translation: “without planning it out of hate ahead of time”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: without lying in wait (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: as testified to by the words of witnesses (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “according to the testimony of witnesses” or “as witnesses testify to the murder”

Quote: in this way (0)

Alternate translation: “by accepting a ransom”

Numbers 35:33

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Do not pollute in this way the land where you live, because blood from murder pollutes the land (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

Making the land unacceptable to Yahweh is spoken of as if it were physically polluting the land. Alternate translation: “Do not make the land where you live unacceptable to me in this way, because blood from murder makes the land unacceptable to me”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: in this way (0)

This means by disobeying the laws concerning a person who kills someone.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: No atonement can be made for the land when blood has been shed on it, except by the blood of the one who shed it (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

This refers to when a person intentionally kills another person. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “When someone has shed blood in the land, only the execution of the murderer can make atonement for the land”

Numbers 36

Numbers 36 General Notes

Structure and formatting

Female heirs

Numbers 36:3

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: will be removed from our ancestor’s share (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “will no longer belong to our ancestor’s share”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: It will be added (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “It will belong to”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: it will be removed from the assigned share of our inheritance (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “it will no longer be a part of our inheritance”

Numbers 36:4

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: the year of Jubilee of the people (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit

This refers to a celebration which happens once every fifty years. In this celebration, all land that someone sold or traded must return to the original owner.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: their share will be joined (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “their share will belong”

a large area of flat land

open-licensed biblical content

Numbers

Numbers front

Introduction to Numbers

Part 1: General Introduction

Outline of Numbers

What is the Book of Numbers about?

How should the title of this book be translated?

Who wrote the Book of Numbers?

Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts

How does Numbers present the idea of the whole community being responsible when only a few people sinned?

Part 3: Important Translation Issues

Why does Moses speak using third person pronouns about himself?

Numbers 1

Numbers 1 General Notes

Structure and formatting

Census

Numbers 1:1

[GL Quote Not Found!]

on 1 of the second month

second … second

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Numbers 1:2

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Numbers 1:3

[GL Quote Not Found!]

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Numbers 1:4

[GL Quote Not Found!]

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Numbers 1:5

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Numbers 1:6

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Numbers 1:16

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Numbers 1:17

[GL Quote Not Found!]

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Numbers 1:18

on 1 of the second month

second

[GL Quote Not Found!]

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Numbers 1:20

[GL Quote Not Found!]

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Numbers 1:21

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Numbers 1:22

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Numbers 1:23

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Numbers 1:24

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Numbers 1:25

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Numbers 1:26

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Numbers 1:27

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Numbers 1:28

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Numbers 1:29

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Numbers 1:30

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Numbers 1:31

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Numbers 1:32

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Numbers 1:33

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Numbers 1:34

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Numbers 1:35

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Numbers 1:36

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Numbers 1:37