1 Kings

1 Kings front

Introduction to 1 Kings

Part 1: General Introduction

Outline of 1 Kings

David dies and Solomon begins to reign (1:1–2:46)
Solomon reigns (3:1–11:43)
- Solomon becomes wise and wealthy (3:1–4:43)
- Solomon’s temple (5:1–8:66)
- Rise and fall of Solomon (9:1–11:43)
The kingdom divides (12:1–14:31)
- Rehoboam succeeds Solomon (12:1–24)
- Jeroboam rules the northern kingdom of Israel (12:25–33)
- Ahijah prophesies against Jeroboam (13:1–14:20)
- Rehoboam’s end (14:21–31)
Kings and events in Israel and Judah (15:1–22:53)
- Abijah and Asa in Judah (15:1–24)
- Nadab in Israel (15:25–32)
- Baasha in Israel (15:33–16:7)
- Elah in Israel (16:8–14)
- Zimri in Israel (16:15–22)
- Omri in Israel (16:23–28)
- Ahab in Israel (16:29–22:40)
- Jehoshaphat in Judah (22:41–50)
- Ahaziah in Israel (22:51–53)

What are the Books of 1 and 2 Kings about?

These books are about what happened to the people of Israel, from the time of King Solomon to the time both the northern and southern kingdoms were destroyed. These books describe how Israel split into two kingdoms after Solomon died. It also tells about all the kings that ruled over each kingdom after Solomon died.

In the southern kingdom, some kings did what Yahweh judged to be right. For example, King Josiah repaired the temple and reformed the worship of Yahweh. He responded to the high priest finding a copy of the Law of Yahweh in Jerusalem (2 Kings 22–23). However, all of the kings of the northern kingdom were wicked.

The Assyrians destroyed the northern kingdom in 722 B.C. The Babylonians destroyed the southern kingdom in 586 B.C.

How should the title of this book be translated?

The Books of 1 and 2 Kings were originally one book in Hebrew. They were separated into two books when translated into Greek. Translators might choose more meaningful titles such as “The First Book about the Kings” and “The Second Book about the Kings.” (See: Как переводить имена и названия)

Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts

What was the purpose of 1 and 2 Kings?

These books were probably finished during the exile, after the Babylonians had destroyed the temple. They show how being faithful to Yahweh results in his blessing and prospering his people. Worshipping idols and not being faithful result in their being punished and destroyed.

Part 3: Important Translation Issues

Why do the Books of 1 and 2 Kings refer to someone being addressed indirectly?

In the Bible, people often referred to themselves as “your servant” when speaking to anyone in a superior position to themselves. Indirectly addressing people in this way was intended to honor the one addressed. English sometimes uses the address “sir” in this way. But a translator should use whatever expressions that are natural in the project language in order to honor someone in a superior position.

What does the king “did what was right (or evil) in the eyes of Yahweh” mean?

The writer repeats this kind of expression throughout the Books of 1 and 2 Kings. Here “in the eyes of Yahweh” represents what Yahweh thinks about someone. If a king was faithful and obeyed the covenant, he did what was right according to Yahweh. If he was not faithful and disobeyed the covenant, he did what was evil according to Yahweh.

What is the meaning of the term “Israel”?

The name “Israel” is used in many different ways in the Bible. Jacob was the son of Isaac. God changed his name to Israel. The descendants of Jacob became a nation also called Israel. Eventually, the nation of Israel split into two kingdoms. The northern kingdom was named Israel. The southern kingdom was named Judah. (See: Ізраїль, Ізраїльтяни, ізраїльський народ)

Can I translate the Book of 1 Kings before I translate the Books of 1 and 2 Samuel?

The Books of 1 and 2 Samuel should be translated before 1 Kings, since 1 Kings continues from where 2 Samuel ends.

1 Kings 1

1 Kings 1 General Notes

Structure and formatting

1 Kings is a continuation of 2 Samuel.

This chapter records the beginning of the reign of Solomon (chapters 1–11) after the death of David.

Special concepts in this chapter

The next king

David did not announce who was to succeed him. Because of this, there was fighting between David’s sons over who should be king. Adonijah invited guests to a banquet and declared himself king. Then those favoring Solomon told David and he declared Solomon the new king.

Important figures of speech in this chapter

Idiom

Several times in this chapter, the people use the idiom “sit on the throne” to mean “be king.” Solomon assures Adonijah that if he behaves himself “not a hair of his will fall to the earth,” meaning “he will not be harmed.” (See: Идиома)

1 Kings 1:1

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Quote: covered him with blankets (0)

They put many blankets on King David to try to keep him warm.

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Quote: old and advanced in years (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet

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Quote: stone of Zoheleth (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names

This is a rocky area near Jerusalem.

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Sitting on the throne is a metonym for being king. Alternate translation: “he will be king just as I was”

Quote: Abishag the Shunammite (0)

This is the young virgin that King David’s servants had brought to care for him. See how you translated this in 1 Kings 1:3.

1 Kings 1:16

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Quote: bowed and prostrated herself before the king (0)

Alternate translation: “bowed close to the ground in front of the king”

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Quote: What do you desire? (0)

Alternate translation: “What can I do for you?”

1 Kings 1:17

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Quote: you swore to (0)

The form of “you” here is emphatic. Alternate translation: “you yourself swore to”

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Quote: your servant (0)

Bathsheba speaks as if she were another person to show David that she respects him. See how you translated this in 1 Kings 1:13. Alternate translation: “me, your servant”

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Quote: Yahweh (0)

This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See the translationWord page about Yahweh concerning how to translate this.

Quote: will sit on the throne (0)

Sitting on the throne is a metonym for being king. See how you translated similar words in 1 Kings 1:13. Alternate translation: “will be king”

1 Kings 1:21

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Quote: when my master the king sleeps with his fathers (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns

Bathsheba speaks to King David as if she were speaking about him to show that she respects him. Alternate translation: “when you sleep with your fathers”

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Quote: sleeps with his fathers (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism

This is a polite way of saying “dies.”

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Quote: I and my son Solomon will be regarded as criminals (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “the new king will regard my son Solomon and me as criminals”

1 Kings 1:22

General Information:

1 Kings 1:25

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Quote: eating and drinking before him (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom

Adonijah probably sat at a table where he could watch all those he had invited as they ate and drank. The main idea is that the people Nathan named were with Adonijah and they were celebrating together. Alternate translation: “eating and drinking with him” or “eating and drinking where he can see them” (See also: Предположение и имплицитная информация)

1 Kings 1:27

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Quote: Has my master the king done this without telling us, your servants, who should sit on the throne after him? (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person

Nathan refers to David in the third person. This is a way of showing respect to the king. It can be stated in second person. Alternate translation: “Have you, my master the king, done this without telling us, your servants, who should sit on the throne after you?”

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Quote: who should sit on the throne (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

Sitting on the throne is a metonym for being king. See how you translated similar words in 1 Kings 1:13. Alternate translation: “who would be king after him”

1 Kings 1:28

General Information:

King David makes a promise to Bathsheba.

Quote: the servants of your master (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns

David speaks of himself as if he were speaking of someone else so Zadok, Nathan, and Benaiah would remember that David is still king. Alternate translation: “my servants”

Quote: May Yahweh, the God of my master the king, confirm (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns

Benaiah speaks to King David as if he were speaking to someone else to show that he respects King David. Alternate translation: “My master and king, may Yahweh your God confirm”

1 Kings 1:37

1 Kings 1:39

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Quote: took the horn of oil out of the tent (0)

This means the priest took the special animal horn filled with olive oil that was kept in Yahweh’s special tent.

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Quote: took the horn of oil (0)

This could mean: (1) the horn of an animal filled with olive oil or (2) a container that had replaced the original horn, but the people still called it a horn. Alternate translation: “took a container of oil”

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Quote: all the people (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole

This is a generalization.

1 Kings 1:41

General Information:

Adonijah hears the loud noise and waits for the news.

1 Kings 1:43

General Information:

Adonijah learns that Solomon is the new king.

1 Kings 1:44

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Quote: Kerethites … Pelethites (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names

These are names of people groups.

1 Kings 1:46

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Quote: is sitting on the throne of the kingdom (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

This could mean: (1) that these words are a metonym for being king. See how you translated similar words in 1 Kings 1:35. Alternate translation: “is now king” or (2) that Solomon was physically sitting on the physical throne.

1 Kings 1:48

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Quote: a person to sit on my throne this day (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

This could mean: (1) that these words are a metonym for being king. See how you translated similar words in 1 Kings 1:35. Alternate translation: “a person to be king today as I was” or (2) that Solomon was physically sitting on the physical throne.

General Information:

Solomon spares the life of Adonijah.

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Quote: not a hair of his will fall to the earth (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit

This is an exaggeration to say that Solomon will keep Adonijah safe. Alternate translation: “not a hair of his head will fall” or “I will keep him safe” (See also: Гипербола и обобщение)

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Quote: wickedness is found in him (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns

If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word wickedness, you can express the same idea with a verbal form. It is spoken of as if it were an object that could be found in a container. This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “he does what is evil” (See also: Метафора and Активные и пассивные конструкции)

1 Kings 2

1 Kings 2 General Notes

Structure and formatting

This chapter has two stories: David’s last advice to Solomon and Solomon’s punishment of those who supported Adonijah and also Shimei, who had cursed David when David was fleeing from Absalom. (See: прокляття, проклинати, проклятий, що проклинає)

Special concepts in this chapter

Exalting oneself

Exalting oneself can lead to disaster as when Adonijah made himself king. (See: звеличувати)

Important figures of speech in this chapter

Euphemism

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Quote: what Joab … did to me, and what he did (0)

David is referring to the same thing twice. Alternate translation: “what Joab … did to me—that is, what he did”

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Quote: shed the blood of war in peace (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

This could mean: (1) “killed those men during a time of peace as if he were killing them in war” or (2) “took revenge on those men during a time of peace because they had killed people in war”

Quote: let them be among those who eat at your table (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

The table is a metonym for the home where the table is. Alternate translation: “welcome them to eat at your home”

1 Kings 2:8

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Quote: Shimei … Gera (0)
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men’s names

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Quote: Benjamite (0)

descendant of Benjamin

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Quote: Bahurim … Mahanaim (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names

place names

1 Kings 2:9

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Quote: do not let him go free from punishment (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives

This can be expressed positively. Alternate translation: “be sure to punish him”

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Quote: bring his gray head down to the grave with blood (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

Blood is a metonym for violent death, and the head is synecdoche for the whole person. Alternate translation: “make sure he dies a violent death” (See also: Синекдоха)

1 Kings 2:10

General Information:

David dies and Solomon takes his place as the new king of Israel.

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Quote: slept with his ancestors (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism

David dying is spoken of as if he had fallen asleep. Alternate translation: “died”

Quote: his rule was firmly established (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh firmly established Solomon’s rule” or “Yahweh caused Solomon to take complete control of the kingdom”

1 Kings 2:13

General Information:

Adonijah comes to speak to Bathsheba.

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Quote: peacefully (0)

with no desire to cause harm

1 Kings 2:15

General Information:

King Solomon gives an answer to Adonijah’s request.

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Quote: Why do you ask … Adonijah? Why do you not ask the kingdom for him also … Zeruiah? (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion

King Solomon was angered by his mother’s request. Alternate translation: “You are wrong to ask … Adonijah! This is the same as asking the kingdom for him also … Zeruiah!”

1 Kings 2:23

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Quote: May God do so to me, and more also, if Adonijah has not spoken this word against his own life (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom

This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “God will have every right to execute me—and to do even worse things to me—if I do not execute Adonijah because he has made this request”

1 Kings 2:24

General Information:

King Solomon executes Adonijah.

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Quote: set me on the throne (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

The word “throne” refers to Solomon’s authority to rule that was given by Yahweh.

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Quote: who has made me a house (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

Here “house” refers to descendants that Yahweh gave to King Solomon, who would continue to reign after him.

1 Kings 2:26

General Information:

Solomon dismisses Abiathar from being priest.

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Quote: suffered in every way my father suffered (0)

Abiathar had suffered alongside King David before David became king.

1 Kings 2:27

Quote: bury him so that you may take away from me and from my father’s house the blood that Joab shed without cause (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

Here “house” stands for the descendants of David while “blood” represents guilt. Alternate translation: “bury him and so remove from me and my family the guilt for the murders Joab committed without cause” or “bury him. Do that so Yahweh will not hold me and my father’s house guilty because Joab murdered people for no reason”

1 Kings 2:32

General Information:

King Solomon explains why Joab should die.

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Quote: May Yahweh return his blood on his own head (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

The word “his” refers to Joab. “Blood” is a metonym for murder. And, the idiom “his blood on his own head” means the person should be considered guilty for murder. Alternate translation: “Joab has murdered people, and I want Yahweh to hold him guilty for what he has done” (See also: Идиома)

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Quote: more righteous and better (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet

These words mean basically the same thing and emphasize that Abner and Amasa were much better men than Joab.

1 Kings 2:33

1 Kings 2:37

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Quote: Your blood will be on your own head (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

Here “blood” is a metonym for guilt and the head is a metonym for the person. Alternate translation: “You will be responsible for your own death”

1 Kings 2:39

General Information:

This use of “hand” represents Solomon’s power and authority.

1 Kings 3

1 Kings 3 General Notes

Structure and formatting

This chapter has two stories. Verses 1–15 is the story of Solomon’s dream when God asked him what he wanted and he said he needed wisdom to be a good and fair ruler. Verses 16–28 is the story of a court case showing Solomon’s wisdom. (See: мудрий, мудрість)

Special concepts in this chapter

Wisdom

God was very pleased with Solomon’s request for wisdom. This is because wisdom was something that he could use to serve other people instead of himself. Because this was a noble request, God promised Solomon wisdom, wealth, and fame. (See: обіцянка, обіцяти)

Putting the needs of others first

There are two additional examples of people putting the needs of others in front of their own needs. God is pleased with people wanting to do their job well more than wanting to be blessed. A mother will put the life of her child above every other concern. (See: благословляти, благословенний, благословенний, благословення)

1 Kings 3:1

General Information:

Solomon marries an Egyptian.

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Quote: Solomon allied himself by marriage with Pharaoh king of Egypt (0)

Solomon became the son-in-law of Pharaoh king of Egypt so the two kings would work together and fight together against their enemies.

Quote: the great high place (0)

Alternate translation: “the most famous place for makings sacrifices” or “the most important altar”

1 Kings 3:5

1 Kings 3:7

General Information:

Solomon asks for wisdom.

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Quote: your servant (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns

Solomon speaks as if he is another person to show respect to Yahweh. Alternate translation: “me”

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Quote: I am only a little child (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

Solomon is saying that he is like a child who does not know as much as a father.

General Information:

Two prostitutes ask Solomon to make a decision.

1 Kings 3:18

General Information:

The two prostitutes tell Solomon their story.

1 Kings 3:19

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Quote: lay on him (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit

It may be helpful to state that this caused the baby to die. Alternate translation: “accidentally rolled on top of her baby and smothered him”

1 Kings 3:20

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Quote: your servant (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns

The woman speaks as if she were speaking of someone else to show that she respects Solomon. Alternate translation: “I”

1 Kings 3:21

General Information:

Two prostitutes continue to share their story with Solomon.

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Quote: nurse my child (0)

This means to feed her baby milk from her breast.

1 Kings 3:22

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Quote: before the king (0)

Alternate translation: “before Solomon” or “while Solomon could see and hear them”

1 Kings 3:23

General Information:

Solomon makes a decision for the two women.

1 Kings 3:26

General Information:

The real mother asks the king to spare the child’s life.

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Quote: her heart was full of compassion for her son (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

This speaks of the woman having a lot of compassion as if her heart were a container and compassion were a solid object. Alternate translation: “she greatly loved her baby”

1 Kings 3:28

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: all Israel (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole

This is a generalization.

1 Kings 4

1 Kings 4 General Notes

Structure and formatting

This chapter names the important people in Solomon’s government and shows the extent of his kingdom.

1 Kings 4:1

General Information:

This is the beginning of a list of Solomon’s officials. The list ends in 1 Kings 4:6.

This ends the list of Solomon’s officials.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Ahishar … Adoniram … Abda (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names

These are names of men.

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Quote: the men who were subjected to forced labor (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “the men whom Solomon forced to work for him”

1 Kings 4:7

General Information:

This begins a list of Solomon’s 12 officers. The list ends in 1 Kings 4:19.

The list of Solomon’s 12 officers continues.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Ben-Abinadab (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names

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Quote: Connecting Statement: (0)

Connecting Statement:

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Quote: Jehoshaphat … Paruah (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names

These are names of men.

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Quote: in Issachar (0)

Alternate translation: “who was the officer in charge of Issachar”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Issachar (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names

This is a tribal land named after a son of Israel.

1 Kings 4:18

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Quote: Connecting Statement: (0)

Connecting Statement:

The list of Solomon’s 12 officers continues.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Shimei … Ela (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names

These are the names of men.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: in Benjamin (0)

Alternate translation: “who was the officer in charge of Benjamin”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Benjamin (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names

This is a tribal land named for a son of Israel.

1 Kings 4:19

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Connecting Statement: (0)

Quote: deer (0)

more than one of these animals

Quote: every man under his vine and under his fig tree (0)

“each family had their own garden with grapevines and fig trees,” This showed that the people lived in safety and peace, since they were not at war and had time to grow their gardens.

Quote: Ethan … Heman … Kalkol … Darda … Mahol (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names

men’s names

1 Kings 4:33

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: cedar … hyssop (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown

These words form a merism that includes all plants. Alternate translation: “cedar tree … hyssop bush” or “the greatest of trees … least important of bushes” (See also: Меризм)

1 Kings 5

The word “name” is a metonym for the person, and “for the name” refers to worshiping the person.See how you translated this in 1 Kings 3:2. Alternate translation: “in which people would worship Yahweh”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: because of the wars that surrounded him (0)

Another possible meaning is “because of the wars with which his enemies surrounded him” or “because he was fighting enemies on all sides”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Yahweh was putting his enemies under the soles of his feet (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

This speaks of Yahweh giving David complete control over his enemies as putting them under his feet. Alternate translation: “Yahweh was enabling David to completely defeat his enemies”

1 Kings 5:4

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: has given me rest on every side (0)

Before Solomon became king, King David and the people of Israel had been at war, but now King Solomon and the people were at rest and in a time of peace.

Quote: the words of Solomon (0)

Alternate translation: “what Solomon said”

Quote: them broken up there (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “my workers untie the logs from each other”

Quote: year by year (0)

Alternate translation: “every year”

1 Kings 5:13

General Information:

Solomon forces men to build the Temple.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: conscripted labor out of all Israel (0)

Alternate translation: “forced men from all over Israel to work”

1 Kings 5:14

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: in shifts (0)

That is, there were three groups that took turns spending one month in Lebanon and two months at home.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: One month they were in Lebanon and two months at home (0)

Each of the three groups spent one month working in Lebanon and then two months at home in Israel.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: the men who were subjected to forced labor (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “the men whom Solomon was forcing to work for him”

1 Kings 5:15

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: seventy thousand (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers

“70,000”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: burdens (0)

heavy things that people have to work hard to carry

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: eighty thousand (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers

“80,000”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: stonecutters (0)

men who dig stones out of the ground and cut them to the proper shape

1 Kings 5:16

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: 3,300 chief officers (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers

“three thousand three hundred chief officers”

1 Kings 5:17

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: quarried large stones of high quality (0)

Alternate translation: “dug large, good stones out of the mountain and cut them to be the right shape”

1 Kings 5:18

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Gebalites (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown

men from the city of Gebal

1 Kings 6

1 Kings 6 General Notes

Structure and formatting

The building of the temple continues in this chapter. (See: Храм, храм, будинок)

Special concepts in this chapter

Building the temple

Solomon built the temple in seven years. The outside walls were made of rock. Solomon shaped the rocks for the wall in the quarry and then assembled them at the temple site. The inside was covered with wood. Inside the temple was a room covered by gold, which was the Most Holy Place where the ark was housed under statues of angels. It represented the presence of God.

1 Kings 6:1

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Solomon began to build (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

Solomon would have commanded his workers to do the building. Alternate translation: “Solomon commanded his workers to begin building”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: 480th … fourth (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Connecting Statement: (0)

Connecting Statement:

The narrator continues to describe the temple and its dimensions.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: he made windows (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

Solomon would have commanded his workers to do the building. Alternate translation: “they made windows”

1 Kings 6:5

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Connecting Statement: (0)

Connecting Statement:

The narrator continues to describe the temple and its dimensions.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: he built (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

Solomon would have commanded his workers to do the building. Alternate translation: “they built”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: he built rooms around it (0)

He built rooms on the outside of the outside wall around the main chamber.

1 Kings 6:6

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Connecting Statement: (0)

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Connecting Statement: (0)

Connecting Statement:

The narrator continues to describe the temple.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: the house (0)

Quote: planks … of cedar (0)

A plank is a flat wooden board used for floors and walls.

1 Kings 6:10

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Connecting Statement: (0)

Quote: walk in my statutes (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

The word “walk” is a metaphor for “live” or “obey.” Alternate translation: “continually obey all my statutes”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: do justice (0)

This could mean: (1) “carry out all of my laws” or (2) “treat the people whom you are ruling justly.”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: keep all my commandments and walk in them (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism

These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize the importance of obeying God’s commandments. AT “carefully obey all I tell you to do”

Quote: interior walls (0)

walls between the rooms on the inside

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: cypress (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown

Cypress is a kind of wood that was used for building the temple.

1 Kings 6:16

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: same dimensions (0)

Alternate translation: “same size”

1 Kings 6:27

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Solomon placed (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “They placed”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: innermost room (0)

another name for the most holy place

1 Kings 6:28

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Solomon overlaid (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “They overlaid”

Quote: overlaid (0)

covered

1 Kings 6:31

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “they also made”

Quote: cedar beams (0)

A beam is a long heavy piece of wood used to support a building. See how you translated this in 1 Kings 6:6.

1 Kings 6:37

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: the fourth year (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal

The word “fourth” is the ordinal form of “four.” You may need to make explicit the event from which the writer counts the years. Alternate translation: “the fourth year after Solomon became king” (See also: Предположение и имплицитная информация)

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: house of Yahweh (0)

Alternate translation: “the temple”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: in the month of Ziv (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths

“Ziv” is the name of the second month of the Hebrew calendar. It is during the last part of April and the first part of May on Western calendars. See how you translated this in 1 Kings 6:1. (See also: Как переводить имена и названия)

1 Kings 6:38

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: the eleventh year (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal

The word “eleventh” is the ordinal forms of “eleven.” You may need to make explicit the event from which the writer counts the years. Alternate translation: “the eleventh year after Solomon became king” (See also: Предположение и имплицитная информация)

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: in the month of Bul, which is the eighth month (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths

“Bul” is the eighth month of the Hebrew calendar. It is during the last part of October and the first part of November on Western calendars. (See also: Порядковые числительные and Как переводить имена и названия)

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: the house was finished in all its parts and conforming to all its specifications (0)

This can be translated in active form. Alternate translation: “they finished building every part of the house. They built it exactly the way Solomon had told them to build it”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Solomon took (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

Solomon would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “It took Solomon’s workers”

1 Kings 7

1 Kings 7 General Notes

Structure and formatting

This chapter has a description of the palace Solomon built and the materials used in the temple courtyard. It is the last chapter about the building of the temple. (See: Храм, храм, будинок)

Special concepts in this chapter

Bronze

Solomon hired a man from Tyre who was good at casting things out of bronze. The bronze objects were made by hollowing out the shape of the object in clay and then pouring in the hot melted liquid bronze and letting it cool. He made two large pillars and a large water reservoir set on the backs of 12 bronze cows. He made all the instruments for use in the sacrifices outside the temple. He made the furnishing inside the temple out of gold.

The temple and the palace

Solomon spent 13 years building a palace for himself that was much bigger than the temple. It is significant that the house of Solomon was much larger than the house of God. (See: дім Бога, дім Яхве)

1 Kings 7:1

General Information:

Quote: Connecting Statement: (0)

Connecting Statement:

Some details continue to be given about the structure of the Palace of the Forest of Lebanon.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: The house was roofed with cedar that rested on beams (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “The carpenters built a roof from cedar planks and attached them to beams”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: beams (0)

Quote: from floor to floor (0)

This refers to the entire floor. Alternate translation: “from one wall to the other”

1 Kings 7:8

Quote: Huram was filled with wisdom and understanding and skill (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. The words “wisdom and understanding” mean basically the same thing and are used together for emphasis. Yahweh giving such things as wisdom is spoken of as if they were liquids that Yahweh had poured into a container, and Huram is spoken of as if he were that container. Alternate translation: “Yahweh had given Huram wisdom, understanding, and skill” (See also: Дублет and Метафора)

1 Kings 7:15

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: eighteen cubits … twelve cubits (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance

A cubit is about 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “about 8.3 meters … 5.5 meters”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: in circumference (0)

Circumference is the distance or measurement around a circular object or area.

1 Kings 7:16

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: five cubits (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance

A cubit is about 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “2.3 meters”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: two capitals (0)

decorations on top of each of the two pillars

Quote: two rows of pomegranates (0)

A pomegranate is a fruit with a hard, red rind and many juicy seeds inside. Huram did not use real pomegranates to decorate the pillars. He made them out of bronze.

1 Kings 7:19

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: The capitals … were decorated with lilies, four cubits high (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

Lilies are plants whose flowers are wide at one end and very narrow at the other end. These words can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Huram decorated the capitals … with bronze lilies, four cubits high” (See also: Предположение и имплицитная информация)

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: the tops of the portico (0)

Translate “portico” as in 1 Kings 7:6.

Quote: The pillar on the right was named Jakin (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “The name of the pillar on the right side was Jakin” (See also: Активные и пассивные конструкции)

[GL Quote Not Found!]

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: cast metal (0)

Huram melted the bronze and formed it in a mold.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: wreaths of hammered work (0)

Here the word “wreaths” refers to spiral-shaped pieces of bronze.

1 Kings 7:30

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: four bronze wheels and axles (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit

There was one axle for each pair of wheels. Alternate translation: “four bronze wheels and two axles” (See also: Числительные)

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: its four corners (0)

Alternate translation: “the four corners of each stand”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: The supports were cast with wreaths (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

Each support was cast as one piece with the wreaths. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Huram cast the supports with spiral-shaped pieces”

1 Kings 7:31

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: decorative latticework (0)

Alternate translation: “crossed metal strips woven together”

1 Kings 7:42

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: He made (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

Huram would have commanded his workers to do this work. Alternate translation: “They made”

Quote: all the other implements (0)

Alternate translation: “all the other tools”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: polished bronze (0)

bronze that was polished so that it would reflect light

1 Kings 7:46

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: sockets of gold made for the doors (0)

Here, sockets may refer to either: (1) the sockets in which the door pegs turned, or (2) the hinges on which the doors hung.

1 Kings 7:51

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: the work that King Solomon directed for the house of Yahweh was finished (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the workers finished the work that King Solomon had them do for the house of Yahweh”

1 Kings 8

1 Kings 8 General Notes

Structure and formatting

The ark is placed in the new temple. This is a very significant event in the history of the Israelites. (See: Храм, храм, будинок)

Special concepts in this chapter

Celebration of the temple’s completion

When the temple was finished, Solomon told all of the people to come to Jerusalem. They took the ark out of the tent and brought it to the temple. Then Solomon prayed that God would hear and answer prayers made to him when they faced towards the temple.

Important figures of speech in this chapter

Idiom

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: in the month of Ethanim, which is the seventh month (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths

“Ethanim” is the seventh month of the Hebrew calendar. It is during the last part of September and the first part of October on Western calendars. (See also: Порядковые числительные and Как переводить имена и названия)

1 Kings 8:5

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: all the assembly of Israel (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole

This is a generalization.

1 Kings 8:18

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: In that it was in your heart (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

What David desired is spoken of as if it were an item in a container and the heart as if it were a container. Alternate translation: “Because you desired”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: for my name (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

The word “name” is a metonym for the person, and “for … name” refers to worshiping the person. See how you translated similar words in 1 Kings 3:2. Alternate translation: “in which people will worship me”

Quote: I have arisen in the place of David my father (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

Height is a metaphor for power. Alternate translation: “I have gained the power that David my father had”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: I sit on the throne of Israel (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

The throne is a metonym for the activity of the one who sits on the throne. Alternate translation: “I rule over Israel”

The way a person lives is spoken of as if that person were walking on a path. Alternate translation: “live as I want you to … have lived as I want you to”

1 Kings 8:27

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: But will God actually live on the earth? (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion

Possible meanings of this question are: (1) Solomon is asking a real question and expecting an answer or (2) the question is rhetorical and Solomon is emphasizing that God is too big and mighty to live on earth. Alternate translation: “But it surely cannot be that God will actually live on the earth!”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

This is a merism. Alternate translation: “all the time” or “continually”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: My name and my presence (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet

These two words together emphasize that Yahweh will dwell in the temple.

Quote: give to him according to his righteousness (0)

Alternate translation: “to give him what he deserves because he is righteous”

1 Kings 8:33

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: your people Israel are defeated by an enemy (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “an enemy defeats your people Israel”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: confess your name (0)

This could mean: (1) “confess that they have sinned against you” or (2) “praise you” or (3) “say that they will obey you from now on.”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: request forgiveness from you (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns

If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word forgiveness, you can express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “ask you to forgive them”

1 Kings 8:35

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: the skies are shut up and there is no rain (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

The sky is spoken of as if it were a building in which God stores the rain. Alternate translation: “you do not allow rain to fall”

Quote: locusts or caterpillars (0)

A “locust” is a type of grasshopper that causes destruction by eating crops. The word “caterpillar” refers to an early growth stage of the locust.

1 Kings 8:38

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: prayers and requests (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet

The words “prayer” and “request” mean basically the same thing and emphasize that the person is sincere as he makes his request. See how you translated similar words in 1 Kings 8:28. Alternate translation: “requests”

Quote: for your name (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

1 Kings 8:45

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: their prayer and their request (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet

The words “prayer” and “request” mean basically the same thing and emphasize that the people are sincere as they make their request. See how you translated similar words in 1 Kings 8:28. Alternate translation: “their request”

1 Kings 8:46

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Suppose that they sin … suppose that you are (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo

1 Kings 8:47

[GL Quote Not Found!]

1 Kings 8:57

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: leave us or forsake us (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet

These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize Solomon’s desire for Yahweh to be present with the people.

1 Kings 8:58

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: incline our hearts to him (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

Here their “hearts” refer to the people’s desires and emotions. Desiring to please someone is spoken of as inclining the heart toward that person. Alternate translation: “make us want to please him” (See also: Метафора)

Quote: walk in his statutes (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

The way a person lives is spoken of as if that person were walking on a path. Alternate translation: “always obey his statutes”

1 Kings 8:62

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: all Israel with him (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole

This generalization may refer either: (1) to the people whom Solomon called to Jerusalem and who are listed in 1 Kings 8:1, or (2) to those who traveled to Jerusalem for the feast, not necessarily to every person who lived in Israel.

1 Kings 8:63

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: all the people of Israel (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: twenty-two thousand oxen (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers

“22,000 oxen”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: 120,000 sheep (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers

“one hundred twenty thousand sheep”

1 Kings 8:64

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: the bronze altar that was before Yahweh (0)

“the bronze altar that was in Yahweh’s presence.” Since the temple is Yahweh’s dwelling place among his people, the altar is described as being in his presence.

Metaphor

‘Walk” is a common image in Scripture. It is said, “if you walk before me as David your father walked.” (See: ходити)

1 Kings 9:3

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: at the end of twenty years (0)

Alternate translation: “after 20 years”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Solomon had finished building (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche

It might be best to translate so that the reader understands that other people helped Solomon do this.

1 Kings 9:13

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: What cities are these which you have given me, my brother? (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion

Hiram is rebuking Solomon. This questions can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “These cities that you have given me are good for nothing.”

Solomon is a metonym for the workers he hired to do the work. Alternate translation: “So his workers completed the temple”

1 Kings 9:26

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: King Solomon built (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche

It might be best to translate so that the reader understands that other people helped Solomon do this.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: a fleet of ships (0)

Alternate translation: “a large group of ships”

1 Kings 9:28

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: 420 talents of gold (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers

“four hundred and twenty talents of gold.” A talent is a unit of weight equal to about 33 kilograms. Alternate translation: “about 14,000 kilograms of gold” (See also: Библейские меры веса)

1 Kings 10

1 Kings 10 General Notes

Structure and formatting

There are two parts to this chapter: The fame of Solomon’s wisdom and the wealth of his kingdom. (See: мудрий, мудрість)

Special concepts in this chapter

Queen of Sheba

King Solomon became so famous for his wisdom that the queen of Sheba (modern day Yemen) came all the way to see him and was deeply impressed. God promised him great wealth and he became famously rich. (See: обіцянка, обіцяти)

1 Kings 10:1

[GL Quote Not Found!]

This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “she was utterly amazed”

1 Kings 10:6

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: I heard in my own land (0)

Alternate translation: “I heard while I was in my own land”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: your words and your wisdom (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hendiadys

Here the word “wisdom” can describe the word “words.” Alternate translation: “your wise sayings”

1 Kings 10:7

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: my eyes have seen it (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

The phrase “my eyes” emphasizes that she herself saw it. Alternate translation: “I have seen it for myself”

Quote: who placed you on the throne of Israel (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

The throne is a metonym for the king who sits on it. Alternate translation: “who made you king of Israel”

1 Kings 10:10

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: 120 talents of gold (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers

A shekel is a unit of weight equal to about 11 grams. Alternate translation: “About 6.6 kilograms of gold” or “Six and one half kilograms of gold”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Six hundred shekels (0)

Because the word “shekels” does not appear here in the Hebrew text, some modern versions assume instead the unit of bekah, which was equivalent to only a half shekel. Any version making this assumption would signal a metric equivalent of about three kilograms.

1 Kings 10:17

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: He also made (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche

It might be best to translate so that the reader understands that other people helped Solomon do this. Alternate translation: “The king’s men also made”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: three hundred shields (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers

“300 shields”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Three minas of gold (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight

A mina is a unit of weight equal to about 550 grams. Alternate translation: “About 1.7 kilograms of gold” or “One and three-quarters kilograms of gold”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: the Palace of the Forest of Lebanon (0)

“the house called the House of the Lebanon Forest.” See how you translated this in 1 Kings 7:2.

1 Kings 10:18

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: the king made (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche

It might be best to translate so that the reader understands that other people helped the king do this. Alternate translation: “the king’s men made”

Quote: apes and baboons (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown

These animals live wild in Africa. At the ends of their four limbs are what look like human hands and feet, and they have long tails. Some people consider baboons a type of ape.

1 Kings 10:24

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: All the earth (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole

This is a generalization. Alternate translation: “People from everywhere” or “People from many different places”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: sought the presence of Solomon (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

The presence of the person is a metonym for being able to speak and listen to the person. Alternate translation: “sought an audience with Solomon” or “wanted to visit Solomon”

Quote: Kue (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names

This is the name of a region. Some think that Kue was the same as Cilicia, in Asia Minor.

1 Kings 10:29

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Chariots were purchased (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “His merchants purchased chariots”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: six hundred shekels of silver & 150 shekels (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight

A shekel is a unit of weight equal to about 11 grams. Alternate translation: “about 6.6 kilograms of silver … about 1.7 kilograms”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: six hundred shekels of silver (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers

“600 shekels of silver”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: 150 shekels (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers

“one hundred and fifty shekels”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Many of these were then sold (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

1 Kings 11

1 Kings 11 General Notes

Structure and formatting

This is the end of the story of Solomon. (Chapters 1–11)

Special concepts in this chapter

Intermarriage with Gentiles

God had told the people of Israel in Moses’s law never to marry women from the Gentile nations. But Solomon married many women from Gentile countries. This was because their religious beliefs would negatively affect Israel. Solomon, the wisest man, became a fool and his wives persuaded him to worship foolish idols. God became angry and warned he would take away 10 tribes from the kingdom of his son. (See: закон, закон Мойсея, Божі закони, Закон Яхве, , Закон, книга Мойсея, вірити, повірити, віруючий, невіруючий, що повірив, мудрий, мудрість and дурний, нерозумний, безумний, безумство and Предположение и имплицитная информация)

1 Kings 11:1

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Now King Solomon (0)

The word “Now” is used here to mark a break in the main story line where the narrator starts to tell a new part of the story.

This is the name of a people group.

Quote: he had appeared to him twice (0)

Alternate translation: “Yahweh had appeared to Solomon twice”

1 Kings 11:11

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: tear the kingdom from you (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

To “tear from” is to forcefully remove. This is like a person tears apart a piece of cloth. Alternate translation: “forcefully take the kingdom from you”

1 Kings 11:12

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: the hand of your son (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

The word “hand” refers to control, authority and power. Alternate translation: “your son’s control”

1 Kings 11:14

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Hadad (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names

This is the name of a man.

1 Kings 11:15

General Information:

This begins three verses of background material that happened long before.

1 Kings 11:16

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Connecting Statement: (0)

Connecting Statement:

This continues background material that happened long before.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Joab and all Israel (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche

The words “all Israel” refer to the army of Israel. Alternate translation: “Joab and all of the Israelite army”

1 Kings 11:17

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Connecting Statement: (0)

Connecting Statement:

This concludes background material that happened long before.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: But Hadad was taken with other Edomites by his father’s servants (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. “But the servants of Hadad’s father took him with other Edomites”

1 Kings 11:18

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: They left Midian (0)

Here the word “They” refers to Hadad and the other Edomites mentioned in 1 Kings 11:17.

This is the name of a location.

1 Kings 11:24

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Zobah … Damascus (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names

These are names of locations.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: when David defeated (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche

Here “David” refers to David and his army. Alternate translation: “when David’s army overcame”

1 Kings 11:25

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Aram (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names

This is the name of a location.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: all the days of Solomon (0)

Alternate translation: “during the time that Solomon was alive” or “all the days of Solomon’s life”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Rezon abhorred Israel (0)

Alternate translation: “Rezon hated Israel very much”

1 Kings 11:26

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Jeroboam … Nebat (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names

These are names of men.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Zeredah (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names

This is the name of a location.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Zeruah (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names

This is the name of a woman.

Here “tear … out” is a metaphor that refers to the action of forcefully removing. This is like a person tears apart a piece of cloth. See how you translated this phrase in 1 Kings 11:11. Alternate translation: “forcefully take the kingdom out”

Quote: Sidonians … Moab … Ammon (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names

These are the names of locations and the people groups that live there.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: what is right in my eyes (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

“Eyes” here is a metonym for someone’s opinion or idea. This is a commonly used idiom. Alternate translation: “what I consider to be right” (See also: Идиома)

1 Kings 11:34

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: I will not take (0)

Here the word “I” refers to Yahweh.

This book no longer exists.

1 Kings 11:43

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: He slept with his ancestors and he was buried (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

The clause “slept with his ancestors” is a metaphor that expresses as a euphemism the death of a person in more gentle words. Alternate translation: “He died and he was buried with his ancestors” (See also: Эвфемизм)

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: he was buried (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

This can be expressed in active form. Alternate translation: “people buried him”

1 Kings 12

1 Kings 12 General Notes

Structure and formatting

Civil war

This chapter explains how the united kingdom of Israel was split into the two kingdoms: Israel and Judah. This is sometimes called a “civil war.”

Special concepts in this chapter

Israel splits

God’s warning to Solomon came true. In spite of his famous wealth, Solomon had over-taxed his own people and forced them to work for free. When the people requested that King Rehoboam reduce taxes and forced labor, he said that he would be harsher than his father. This caused the 10 northern tribes to revolt and appoint Jeroboam as their king. These northern tribes are now called the kingdom of Israel. Only Judah and Benjamin stayed with Rehoboam. They are called Judah. (See: призначати, поставити, доручати)

Jeroboam introduces calf worship

Jeroboam made a terrible mistake. He was afraid that if the people continued to go to Jerusalem to worship in the temple, they would want to return to Rehoboam as their king. So he made two shrines with calves made of gold for the people to worship. This eventually caused the destruction of his whole family. The kingdom of Israel continued worshiping the idols until they were taken slaves by the Assyrians. The northern tribes were unable to truly worship Yahweh without going to Jerusalem in the kingdom of Judah.

Important figures of speech in this chapter

Metaphor

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: punish you with scorpions (0)

The word scorpions may refer to: (1) a whip with sharp metal barbs on the end or (2) a spider-like creature that has a poisonous sting.

1 Kings 12:14

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: burdened you with a heavy yoke (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

A heavy yoke is a metaphor for very difficult labor and requirements. See how you translated this in 1 Kings 12:4. Alternate translation: “treated you cruelly” or “forced you to work very hard”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: My father punished you with whips, but I will punish you with scorpions (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

This metaphor means that the punishment Rehoboam plans to give will be worse than what his father gave. See how you translated this in 1 Kings 12:11. Alternate translation: “My father used whips to force you to work but I will use even crueler punishment”

1 Kings 12:15

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: it was a turn of events brought about by Yahweh (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom

This is an idiom and can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “Yahweh caused things to happen like this” (See also: Активные и пассивные конструкции)

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: his word that he had spoken by Ahijah … to Jeroboam (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom

The idiom “had spoken by” someone refers to giving someone a message to tell others.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Ahijah … Jeroboam … Nebat (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names

These are the names of men.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Shilonite (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names

Quote: for this thing has been made to happen by me (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “because I have made this thing happen”

1 Kings 12:26

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: thought in his heart (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

“Heart” here is a metonym for a person’s inner consciousness, thoughts, motivation, or feelings. Alternate translation: “thought to himself”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: the house of David (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

Here “house” is a metonym representing family or descendants. Alternate translation: “the kings descended from David”

1 Kings 12:27

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: If these people go up (0)

The words “these people” refer to the people of the northern ten tribes of Israel.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: the heart of these people (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

“Heart” here is a metonym for the people’s allegiance and affection. Alternate translation: “the allegiance of these people”

Structure and formatting

This chapter has two parts: The young prophet’s warning to Jeroboam (1–10) and the old prophet’s deception (11–34). (See: пророк, пророчиця, пророцтво, пророкувати)

Special concepts in this chapter

Obeying God

People should do what God tells them to do and not what other people tell them is God’s will for them. The story of the young prophet and the old prophet is an example of this. (See:нагорода and воля Божа, воля Бога, Його воля)

1 Kings 13:1

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: A man of God came out of Judah by the word of Yahweh to Bethel (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit

The implied information is that Yahweh sent the man of God to Bethel. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Yahweh sent a man of God from Judah to Bethel” (See also: Активные и пассивные конструкции)

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: A man of God (0)

This is another title for a prophet. Alternate translation: “A prophet”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: came out of Judah (0)

Alternate translation: “came from Judah”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: the word of Yahweh (0)

Quote: dried up (0)

Alternate translation: “withered” or “became paralyzed”

1 Kings 13:5

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: The altar was also split apart (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Yahweh also split the altar apart”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: as described by the sign that the man of God had given by the word of Yahweh (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “as the man of God had described by the word of Yahweh as a sign”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: the word of Yahweh (0)

Alternate translation: “the message of Yahweh” or “Yahweh’s message”

1 Kings 13:6

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Plead for the favor of Yahweh your God (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns

If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word favor, you can express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “Plead that Yahweh your God may favor me”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: my hand may be restored to me again (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Yahweh may restore my hand”

Here the word “him” refers to the man of God.

1 Kings 13:21

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: came from Judah, saying, “Yahweh (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom

The idiom “the word of Yahweh came to” in the previous verse is used to introduce a special message from God. See how you translated a similar phrase in 1 Kings 6:11. Alternate translation: “came from Judah. He said, ‘Yahweh” or “came from Judah: ‘Yahweh”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: he cried to the man of God (0)

Alternate translation: “the prophet spoke loudly to the man of God”

Quote: This matter (0)

This phrase refers to Jeroboam’s setting up shrines and appointing priests.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: caused his family to be destroyed and to be exterminated (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “because of this God destroyed and exterminated Jeroboam’s family”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: to be destroyed and to be exterminated (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet

These mean nearly the same thing. Alternate translation: “to be completely destroyed”

1 Kings 14

1 Kings 14 General Notes

Structure and formatting

This chapter has two stories. One is the death of Jeroboam’s son (1–18). The other is the reign of Rehoboam (20–31).

Special concepts in this chapter

The death of Jeroboam’s son

God knows the truth; it is useless to try to fool God’s prophet. Jeroboam’s son became sick; so the king sent his wife, disguised as a common woman, to the prophet. The prophet was blind, but when Jeroboam’s wife arrived he told her, “Come in, wife of Jeroboam.” He also told her that her son would die and that all of Jeroboam’s family would be killed, because he had caused Israel to worship the golden calves. (See: правда, істина, справжній, вірний and пророк, пророчиця, пророцтво, пророкувати and грішити, грішити, гріх, гріхи, грішник)

Rehoboam’s reign

When Solomon obeyed God, God made him very rich. When the people of Judah began to worship the fertility goddess, Ashtoreth, and to do many evil things, they had to give all of their wealth to the king of Egypt to persuade him not to attack Jerusalem. (See: зло, злість, злість, злий, поганий, злитися, лихо, досада, прикрий)

1 Kings 14:2

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: disguise yourself (0)

Alternate translation: “change how you appear to others”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: you will not be recognized (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “no one will recognize you”

1 Kings 14:5

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Look, the wife of Jeroboam (0)

Here the word “Look” means “pay attention.”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: coming to seek advice from you (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns

If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word advice, you can express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “coming to ask you to advise her”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Say such and such to her (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom

The words “such and such” mean that Yahweh told Ahijah what to say. Alternate translation: “Speak in this way to her”

1 Kings 14:6

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Why do you pretend to be someone you are not? (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion

This question shows that Ahijah knew she was disguised. Alternate translation: “Stop pretending to be someone else; I know who you are.”

Quote: followed me (0)

Alternate translation: “obeyed me”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: with all his heart (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

Here the “heart” refers to a person’s will and desire. Alternate translation: “with all his will” or “with complete commitment”

Quote: I will cut off … and will completely remove (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism

These two phrases are very similar in meaning and are repeated for emphasis.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: cut off from you every male child in Israel (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

Yahweh speaks of destroying Jeroboam’s family and preventing him from having any descendants as if he were cutting them off as one would cut a branch from a tree. Alternate translation: “destroy every one of your male children in Israel”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: will completely remove your family, like someone who burns up dung until it is gone (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile

This simile compares the removal of every descendant of Jeroboam with the complete burning up of dung that was mixed with straw, dried, and burned for fuel.

1 Kings 14:11

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Anyone who belongs to your family who dies in the city will be eaten by dogs (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Dogs will eat anyone who belongs to your family and who dies in the city”

Quote: go into a grave (0)

Alternate translation: “be buried in a grave”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: out of Jeroboam’s house (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

The word “house” here is a metonym for “family.” Alternate translation: “in all of Jeroboam’s family”

Quote: as a reed is shaken in the water (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “like a river of water shakes a reed”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: he will root up Israel out of this good land (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

Yahweh compares Israel with a plant that he will tear out of the ground by its roots. Alternate translation: “he will remove the people of Israel from this good land”

Quote: just as it was told to them by the word of Yahweh (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “just as Yahweh told them”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: by the word of Yahweh (0)

Alternate translation: “by the message of Yahweh” or “in Yahweh’s message”

1 Kings 14:19

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Here “put his name” is a metonym for “dwell” and refers to the temple where Yahweh was to be worshiped. Alternate translation: “in which to dwell” or “in which to be worshiped”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: His mother’s name (0)

Here the word “His” refers to Rehoboam.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Naamah (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names

This is a woman’s name.

1 Kings 14:22

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Judah did (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

Here “Judah” represents the people of Judah. Alternate translation: “The people of Judah did”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: what was evil in the sight of Yahweh (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

The “sight” of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment or evaluation. See how you translated this in 1 Kings 11:6. Alternate translation: “what was evil in Yahweh’s judgment” or “what Yahweh considered to be evil”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: they provoked him to jealousy (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns

If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word jealousy, you can express the same idea with an adjective. Alternate translation: “they made him jealous”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: their fathers (0)

Alternate translation: “their ancestors”

1 Kings 14:23

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: For they also built (0)

The word “they” here refers to the people of Judah.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: built for themselves (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

The words “for themselves” are a metonym for what they will do with the high places. Alternate translation: “built for their own use” (See also: Возвратные местоимения)

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: on every high hill and under every green tree (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole

This is likely to be an exaggeration that indicates there were many places like these for false worship all over the country. Alternate translation: “on the high hills and under the green trees”

1 Kings 14:24

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: cultic prostitutes (0)

“religious prostitutes” or “male prostitutes.” This probably refers to male prostitutes who were associated with idol worship.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: the same despicable practices as the nations that (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: He took everything away (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole

This is a generalization that indicates every valuable thing that could be found was taken away. Alternate translation: “He took away many valuable things”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: He took (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche

The word “He” represents Shishak and the soldiers who were with him. Alternate translation: “Shishak and his army took”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: that Solomon had made (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

Here “Solomon” refers to the craftsmen who worked for Solomon to make the shields. Alternate translation: “that Solomon had his workers make”

1 Kings 14:27

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: King Rehoboam made shields (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

Here “King Rehoboam” represents the persons who worked for him to make the shields. Alternate translation: “King Rehoboam’s workers made shields”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: in their place (0)

Alternate translation: “in place of the shields of gold”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: entrusted them into the hands of the commanders (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

Here “hands” represents care or responsibility. Alternate translation: “made them the responsibility of the commanders”

Quote: the book of the events of the kings of Judah (0)

This refers to a book that no longer exists.

1 Kings 14:30

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: There was constant warfare (0)

Alternate translation: “There was continuing war” or “There were constant battles”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: warfare between Rehoboam and Jeroboam (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche

1 Kings 15 General Notes

Special concepts in this chapter

Judah had some bad kings and some good kings. All of the kings in Israel continued to worship the golden calves, so they were all considered to be bad. Judah and Israel continually fought each other.

Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter

“But the shrines were not taken away.”

At the shrines, the people worshiped Yahweh. But later, during Hezekiah’s reign, it was decided that all sacrifices must be made only at the temple. (See: Храм, храм, будинок)

1 Kings 15:1

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: In the eighteenth year of King Jeroboam son of Nebat (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit

This refers to the eighteenth year of Jeroboam’s reign. Alternate translation: “After Jeroboam had been the king of Israel for almost eighteen years”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: In the eighteenth year (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers

“In year 18”

1 Kings 15:3

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: He walked in all the sins (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

Walking represents living, and walking in sins represents committing those sins. Alternate translation: “Abijah continued to practice all the sins”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: between Abijah and Jeroboam (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche

The names “Abijah” and “Jeroboam” represent the kings and their armies. Alternate translation: “between the armies of Abijah and Jeroboam”

1 Kings 15:8

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Abijah slept with his ancestors (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

In this euphemism, sleeping represents dying. Alternate translation: “Abijah died as his ancestors had” or “Like his ancestors, Abaijah died” (See also: Эвфемизм)

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: became king in his place (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

The phrase “in his place” is a metaphor meaning “instead of him.” Alternate translation: “became king instead of Abijah”

1 Kings 15:9

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: In the twentieth year of Jeroboam king of Israel (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit

This refers to the twentieth year of Jeroboam’s reign. Alternate translation: “After Jeroboam had been the king of Israel for almost twenty years”

Quote: Asa’s heart was completely devoted (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche

The heart represents the person. Alternate translation: “Asa was completely devoted”

Quote: built up Ramah (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit

It is implied that the army of Baasha first captured Ramah. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “captured and fortified Ramah”

1 Kings 15:18

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: He put it into the hands of his servants (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

Putting things in their hands represents giving those things to them. It is implied that they would do with it what he wanted them to do. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “He entrusted it to his servants” (See also: Предположение и имплицитная информация)

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: He said (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

This means he spoke by means of his servants. Asa told his servants what to say to Ben Hadad and they did. The meaning of this can be made clear. Alternate translation: “Asa told his servants to say to Ben Hadad” or “Through his servants, Asa said to Ben Hadad” (See also: Предположение и имплицитная информация)

1 Kings 15:19

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Let there be a covenant between me and you (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

A covenant being between two people represents those two people having a covenant with each other. Alternate translation: “Let us have a covenant with each other” or “Let us make a peace treaty”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Look, I (0)

Alternate translation: “As proof that I want a treaty with you, I”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: are they not written in the book of the events of the kings of Judah? (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: are they not written in the book of the events of the kings of Judah? (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “someone has written about this in the book of the events of the kings of Judah.”

1 Kings 15:24

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Asa slept with his ancestors (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

Sleeping here is a euphemism which represents dying. Alternate translation: “Asa died as his ancestors had” (See also: Эвфемизм)

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: was buried with them (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “they buried him with his ancestors”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: David his father (0)

The word “father” here refers to an ancestor. Alternate translation: “King David, his ancestor”

1 Kings 15:25

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Connecting Statement: (0)

Quote: all the family of Jeroboam (0)

Jeroboam was King Nadab’s father.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: He left none of Jeroboam’s descendants breathing (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

Breathing represents being alive. Alternate translation: “He left none of Jeroboam’s descendants living”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: walked in the way of Jeroboam (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

Walking here represents behaving. Alternate translation: “did the same things that Jeroboam had done”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: in his sin by which he led Israel to sin (0)

Possible meanings are that his and he refer to: (1) Baasha or (2) Jeroboam.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: by which he led Israel to sin (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

Leading people to do something represents influencing them to do it. Alternate translation: “and by sinning, he influenced Israel to sin”

1 Kings 16

1 Kings 16 General Notes

Special concepts in this chapter

Incorrect worship

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: you have walked in the way of Jeroboam (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

Walking represents behaving. Jeroboam and Baasha both sinned. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “you have done the same things that Jeroboam did” or “you have sinned as Jeroboam sinned” (See also: Предположение и имплицитная информация)

1 Kings 16:3

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Connecting Statement: (0)

Connecting Statement:

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Tirzah (0)

This is the name of a city. See how you translated it in 1 Kings 14:17.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: became king in his place (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

The phrase “in his place” is a metaphor meaning “instead of him.” Alternate translation: “became king instead of Baasha”

1 Kings 16:7

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: the word of Yahweh came (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom

This is an idiom that is used to introduce something that God told his prophets or his people. See how you translated this in 1 Kings 6:11. Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke this message” or “Yahweh spoke these words”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: all the evil that he did in the sight of Yahweh (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

The sight of Yahweh represents Yahweh’s judgment. Alternate translation: “all the things that Baasha that are evil in Yahweh’s judgment” or “all the things that Baaha did that Yahweh considers to be evil”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: so as to provoke him to anger (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns

If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word anger, you can express the same idea with the adjective “angry.” Alternate translation: “so as to make Yahweh very angry” or “that made God very angry”

Quote: captain of half his chariots (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

The word “chariots” here represents the soldiers who drove the chariots. Alternate translation: “captain of half his chariot drivers”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: drinking himself drunk (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom

This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “drinking so much wine that he was getting drunk” or “getting drunk”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: who was over the household (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

Being over the household represents being in charge of the things in King Elah’s house. Alternate translation: “who was in charge of the things in the Elah’s house”

1 Kings 16:10

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: attacked him and killed him (0)

Alternate translation: “attacked and killed Elah”

Quote: which he spoke against Baasha by Jehu the prophet (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom

Speaking “by” a prophet represents telling a prophet to speak and the prophet speaking. Alternate translation: “that Yahweh told Jehu the prophet to speak against Baasha”

1 Kings 16:13

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: they had led Israel to sin (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

Leading people to do something represents influencing them to do it. Alternate translation: “they had influenced Israel to sin”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

The word “army” refers to the army of the kingdom of Israel.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Gibbethon (0)

This is the name of a city. See how you translated it in 1 Kings 15:27.

1 Kings 16:16

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: The army camped there heard it said (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “The soldiers who camped there heard someone say”

Quote: walking in the way of Jeroboam (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

Here walking represents behaving. Alternate translation: “doing the same things that Jeroboam had done”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: so as to lead Israel to sin (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

Leading people to do something represents influencing them to do it. Alternate translation: “so as to influence Israel to sin”

1 Kings 16:20

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: the treason that he carried out (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit

This treason refers to Zimri’s plot to kill Elah, the king of Israel. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “how he plotted against King Elah” or “how he killed the king of Israel”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: are they not written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel? (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion

This question is used to either inform or remind the readers that the information about Zimri is in this other book. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. See how you translated a similar phrase concerning Judah in 1 Kings 14:29. Alternate translation: “they are written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel.”

Quote: two talents of silver (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight

You may convert this to a modern measure. Alternate translation: “about 66 kilograms of silver”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: He built a city (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

The word “He” refers to Omri. He commanded people to build the city. Alternate translation: “Omri had his people build a city” or “Omri commanded and his workers built a city”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: are they not written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel? (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion

This question is used to either inform or remind the readers that the information about Omri is in this other book. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. See how you translated this in 1 Kings 15:31. Alternate translation: “they are written in the book of the events of the kings of Israel.”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: are they not written … Israel? (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “someone has written about them in the book of the events of the kings of Israel.”

1 Kings 16:28

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Omri slept with his ancestors (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

The euphemism “sleeping” here represents dying. Alternate translation: “Omri died as his ancestors had” or “Like his ancestors, Omri died” (See also: Эвфемизм)

Quote: It was to Ahab a trivial thing (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom

This is an idiom. The phrase “to Ahab” means that Ahab considered or thought something. Alternate translation: “Ahab considered it a trivial thing” or “Ahab thought that it was not enough”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: a trivial thing (0)

Alternate translation: “an insignificant thing” or “not enough”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: to walk in the sins of Jeroboam son of Nebat (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

Walking in Jeroboam’s sins represents sinning as Jeroboam had sinned. Alternate translation: “to sin as Jeroboam son of Nebat had sinned”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: worshiped Baal and bowed down to him (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism

These two phrases mean the same thing. The phrase “bowed down to him” describes the posture that people used in worship.

1 Kings 16:33

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: the God of Israel (0)

Here the word “Israel” refers to the nation of Israel, which consisted of twelve tribes.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: the kings of Israel (0)

Quote: which he spoke by Joshua son of Nun (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

Speaking “by” someone represents both telling someone to speak and the person doing it. Alternate translation: “which Yahweh caused Joshua son of Nun to speak”

1 Kings 17

1 Kings 17 General Notes

Structure and formatting

This is the beginning of the story of Elijah. (1 Kings 17 – 2 Kings 2)

Special concepts in this chapter

Quote: ravens (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown

large, black birds

1 Kings 17:5

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: as the word of Yahweh commanded (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

Here “the word” represents Yahweh himself. Alternate translation: “as Yahweh commanded”

Quote: came to him (0)

Here the word “him” refers to Elijah.

1 Kings 17:9

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Zarephath (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names

This is a town.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Look, I (0)

Causing the widow to suffer is spoken of as if “disaster” were an object that is placed on the widow.

Quote: the life of the child returned to him, and he revived (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism

These two phrases mean basically the same thing. Alternate translation: “the child came back to life” or “the child lived again”

1 Kings 17:23

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: his room (0)

Here “his” refers to Elijah.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: See, your son is alive (0)

The word “See” here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows.

1 Kings 17:24

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: the word of Yahweh in your mouth is true (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

“the message of Yahweh in your mouth is true.” The word “mouth” represents what Elijah said. Alternate translation: “the message that you spoke from Yahweh is true”

1 Kings 18

1 Kings 18 General Notes

Structure and formatting

The story of Elijah continues in this chapter.

Special concepts in this chapter

Baal

God proved himself to all the people of Israel. Elijah went to meet Ahab. He told Ahab to bring the 450 prophets of Baal and all the people to Mount Carmel. Then he proposed an experiment, which was carried out. The prophets of Baal took one bull, killed them, cut them up, and placed them on wood on an altar without lighting the fire. The prophets of Baal danced and prayed to Baal all morning and half the afternoon. After they were exhausted, Elijah built his altar and drenched it with water. Then he prayed. God answered his prayer with fire that burned up the sacrifice, the altar and the water. Then Elijah told the people to seize the prophets of Baal and kill them. After that, Elijah prayed for rain, and it rained very hard. (See: пророк, пророчиця, пророцтво, пророкувати)

Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter

Humor

Elijah insults the false god Baal. He states, “Perhaps he is thinking, or is relieving himself, or he is traveling on a journey, or perhaps he is sleeping and must be awakened.” Baal was too busy in the bathroom to answer the prophets. “Relieving himself” is a euphemism. (See: бог (хибний), свої боги and Эвфемизм)

1 Kings 18:1

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: the word of Yahweh came (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom

This idiom is used to introduce a special message from God. See how you translated this in 1 Kings 6:11. Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke his word”

Quote: Look, Elijah (0)

Alternate translation: “Pay attention, because what I am about to say is both true and important: Elijah”

1 Kings 18:9

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: How have I sinned … for him to kill me? (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion

Obadiah asks this question to emphasize the danger to himself because of King Ahab’s anger at Elijah. Alternate translation: “I have not wronged you … for him to kill me.”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: give your servant into the hand of Ahab (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

“Hand” is metonymy for power and control. Alternate translation: “deliver your servant to Ahab”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: your servant (0)

Obadiah refers to himself as Elijah’s servant in order to honor Elijah.

1 Kings 18:10

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: As Yahweh your God lives (0)

This is an oath used to emphasize that what he is saying is true.

Quote: 450 prophets (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers

“four hundred and fifty prophets”

Quote: the bull that was given to them (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the bull that someone gave them”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: But there was no voice, nor anyone who answered (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism

These two phrases share similar meanings and emphasize that there was no one to respond to the prayers of the false prophets. The word “voice” represents someone speaking. Alternate translation: “But Baal did not say or do anything” (See also: Синекдоха)

1 Kings 18:27

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Perhaps he is thinking (0)

Alternate translation: “Maybe he is thinking” or “It could be that he is thinking”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: relieving himself (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism

This euphemism is a more pleasant way to express a harsh statement. Elijah uses understatement to insult Baal with sarcasm. Alternate translation: “in the bathroom”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: must be awakened (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you must awaken him” or “you must wake him up”

1 Kings 18:29

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: they were still raving (0)

“they continued their wild behavior.” Prophets often acted in ways that seemed unusual or even crazy. In this case they were calling on Baal while dancing, shouting loudly, and cutting themselves with knives.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: of offering of the evening sacrifice (0)

Alternate translation: “to offer the evening sacrifice”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: but there was no voice or anyone to answer; there was no one who paid any attention to their pleadings (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism

These phrases share similar meanings and emphasize that no one responded to the prayers of the false prophets. Alternate translation: “but Baal did not say or do anything or even pay attention” (See also: Метонимия)

Quote: trench (0)

a small waterway to hold water

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: two seahs of seeds (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume

A seah is a unit of volume equal to about 7.7 liters. Alternate translation: “about 15 liters of seeds”

1 Kings 18:33

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: He arranged the wood for a fire (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis

“On the altar” where he placed the wood is assumed in this sentence. Alternate translation: “He put the wood for a fire on the altar”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: four jars (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers

“4 jars”

Quote: tucked his robe in his belt (0)

Elijah wrapped his long robe around his waist so that his legs would be free for running.

1 Kings 19

1 Kings 19 General Notes

Structure and formatting

The story of Elijah continues in this chapter.

Special concepts in this chapter

The queen was angry that Elijah had killed her prophets of Baal. She promised to kill Elijah. Elijah fled south into the desert south of Judah. He traveled on to Mount Horeb also known as Mount Sinai, the mountain of God. God asked him why he was there. He said he had come to Mount Horeb because Israel had deserted God, killed his prophets, and wanted to kill him. God sent him home to make Hazael the king of Aram, Jehu the king of Israel, and Elisha as the prophet in his place. (See: пророк, пророчиця, пророцтво, пророкувати and обіцянка, обіцяти)

1 Kings 19:2

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: So may the gods do to me, and more also (0)

This is a comparison used as an emphatic oath. “May the gods kill me and do even more bad things”

Quote: broom tree (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown

A “broom tree” is a plant that grows in the desert.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: He requested for himself that he might die (0)

Alternate translation: “He prayed that he would die”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: It is enough, now, Yahweh (0)

Alternate translation: “These troubles are too much for me, Yahweh”

1 Kings 19:6

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: bread that had been baked on coals (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “bread that someone had cooked on hot stones”

Quote: the word of Yahweh came to him and said to him, “What (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom

The idiom “The word of Yahweh came to,” is used to introduce a special message from God. See how you translated this in 1 Kings 6:11. Alternate translation: “Yahweh gave a message to him. He said, ‘What” or “Yahweh spoke this message to him: ‘What”

Quote: Then a voice came to him (0)

Alternate translation: “Then he heard a voice”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: What are you doing here, Elijah? (0)

See how you translated this text in 1 Kings 19:9.

1 Kings 19:14

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Elijah replied, “I have been very zealous … and they are also trying to take my life.” (0)

See how you translated this text in 1 Kings 19:10.

Quote: whoever escapes from the sword of Hazael (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

“Sword” is metonymy for killing as in battle. Alternate translation: “whomever Hazael does not kill with the sword”

1 Kings 19:18

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: I will leave for myself (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns

Here the words “I” and “myself” refer to Yahweh. Alternate translation: “I will save from death”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: he gave it to the people (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit

Elisha gave the cooked meat to the people of his city.

1 Kings 20

1 Kings 20 General Notes

Structure and formatting

This is a story of two battles between Aram and Israel.

Special concepts in this chapter

Battle

God had chosen to defeat Ben Hadad, king of Aram. So when he attacked Samaria with a huge army, the tiny army of Israel defeated him. The people of Aram said that Yahweh was the god of the hills, but they could defeat Israel on the plains. So they came again but Israel defeated them again. Then Ben Hadad offered a peace plan and Ahab accepted. But God had wanted him to kill Ben Hadad and was angry at Ahab for making peace with him.

Important figures of speech in this chapter

Simile

There were so few Israel soldiers that they were “like two little flocks of goats.” (See: Сравнение)

1 Kings 20:1

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Ben Hadad (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names

This is the name of a man.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: thirty-two lesser kings (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers

“32 lesser kings”

Quote: whatever pleases their eyes (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche

Here the “eyes” represent the whole person and emphasize them looking at something and desiring it. Alternate translation: “whatever pleases them”

1 Kings 20:7

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: of the land (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

“The land” represents all the people living there. Alternate translation: “of the people of Israel”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: take note and see (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom

“Take note” here is an idiom to observe carefully. Alternate translation: “pay close attention to”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: I have not refused him (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives

This can be expressed positively. Alternate translation: “I have agreed to his demands”

1 Kings 20:10

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: May the gods do so to me and more also (0)

This is an oath with great emphasis. See how you translated this in 1 Kings 19:2.

Quote: Have you seen this great army? (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion

Yahweh asks this question to emphasize the size and strength of Ben Hadad’s army. Alternate translation: “Look at this great army.”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Look, I will place it into your hand today (0)

The word “Look” here alerts us to pay attention to the surprising information that follows.

Quote: understand and plan (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet

These two words mean basically the same thing and are combined for emphasis. Alternate translation: “determine”

Quote: 100,000 (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers

“one hundred thousand”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: footmen (0)

A “footman” is a soldier who marches on foot.

1 Kings 20:30

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: into the heat of the battle (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom

“Heat of the battle” here is an idiom to express the most intense and fierce fighting. Alternate translation: “to where the battle was most intense”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: your life will be given for his life (0)

Alternate translation: “you will die in his place”

Quote: your life will take the place of his life, and your people for his people (0)

Alternate translation: “you will die in his place, and your people will die in the place of his people”

1 Kings 21

1 Kings 21 General Notes

Structure and formatting

The story of Elijah continues in this chapter.

Special concepts in this chapter

God hates oppression but is forgiving to people who are sorry for their sins. Ahab wanted Naboth’s vineyard to make into a garden for his palace, but Naboth refused to sell it. So the queen, Ahab’s wife, told the civic leaders of Naboth’s town to falsely accuse him and execute him. Elijah told Ahab that he would be killed in Naboth’s vineyard and all his family destroyed. Ahab repented and showed he was very sorry for what he did, so God said it would not happen to Ahab himself but to his son. (See: пригнічувати, пригнічення, пригноблений, пригнічувач, панувати, прощати and грішити, грішити, гріх, гріхи, грішник and каятися, покаяння)

1 Kings 21:1

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Now some time later (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent

This phrase marks the beginning of a new part of the story and indicates that these events happened later, not that Naboth owned the vineyard later. If your language has a way marking the beginning of a new part of a story, you could consider using it here. Alternate translation: “Now this is what happened later”

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Naboth the Jezreelite (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names

This is the name of a man from Jezreel.

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: king of Samaria (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche

“Samaria” was the capital city of the kingdom of Israel and here represents the entire nation. Alternate translation: “king of Israel”

1 Kings 21:3

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: May Yahweh forbid that I should give (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit

This phrase is an oath that emphasizes that what follows will not happen. Alternate translation: “Because Yahweh forbids it, I will never give”

Quote: let your heart be happy (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche

Here “heart” refers to the entire person and his emotions. Alternate translation: “be happy” or “cheer up”

1 Kings 21:8

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: wrote letters in Ahab’s name (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy

This could mean: (1) she wrote Ahab’s name on the letters. Alternate translation: “wrote letters and signed them with Ahab’s name” or (2) the word “name” is a metonym for authority. Alternate translation: “wrote letters on behalf of Ahab”

1 Kings 21:17

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: the word of Yahweh came (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom

This idiom means that Yahweh spoke or has sent a message. See how you translated this in 1 Kings 6:11. Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke this message” or “Yahweh spoke”

1 Kings 21:19

[GL Quote Not Found!]

Quote: Have you killed and also taken possession? (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion

Yahweh asks this question to scold Ahab. Alternate translation: “You have killed Naboth and stolen his vineyard!”

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Quote: your blood, yes, your blood (0)

This is repeated for emphasis.

1 Kings 21:20

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Quote: Have you found me, my enemy? (0)
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Ahab uses this question to express anger toward Elijah. That Elijah “found” Ahab likely refers to Elijah discovering Ahab’s actions, not to finding his physical location. Alternate translation: “You have found me, my enemy!” or “You have discovered what I have done, my enemy!” (See also: Предположение и имплицитная информация)

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Quote: you have sold yourself to do what is evil (0)
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A person being committed to doing what is evil is spoken of as if that person had sold himself to evil. Alternate translation: “you have dedicated yourself to doing what is evil”

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Quote: what is evil in the sight of Yahweh (0)
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The phrase, “in the sight of” refers to someone’s opinion. See how you translated this in 1 Kings 11:6. Alternate translation: “what Yahweh considers to be evil”

1 Kings 21:21

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Quote: See (0)

Alternate translation: “Look” or “Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you”

Quote: what was evil in the sight of Yahweh (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

The phrase, “in the sight of” refers to someone’s opinion. See how you translated this in 1 Kings 11:6. Alternate translation: “what Yahweh considers to be evil”

1 Kings 21:26

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Quote: removed before the people of Israel (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit

Here “Israel” refers to all twelve tribes of Israel and not just to the northern kingdom. Alternate translation: “removed from the presence of the people of Israel” or “drove out of the land before the people of Israel”

1 Kings 21:28

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Quote: the word of Yahweh came (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom

This idiom means that Yahweh spoke or has sent a message. See how you translated this in 1 Kings 6:11. Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke this message” or “Yahweh spoke”

1 Kings 21:29

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Quote: Do you see how Ahab humbles himself before me? (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion

God uses this question to show Elijah that Ahab’s sorrow is genuine. Alternate translation: “I have seen how Ahab humbles himself before me.” or “Look at how Ahab humbles himself before me.”

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Quote: in his days … in his son’s day (0)

Alternate translation: “during his lifetime … during his son’s lifetime”

1 Kings 22

1 Kings 22 General Notes

Structure and formatting

This is the end of the story of Ahab and a continuation of the story of Elijah as he had predicted Ahab’s death and the dogs licking his blood.

Special concepts in this chapter

When God has decided a person will die, then they cannot avoid death. Ahab persuaded Jehoshaphat, king of Judah to help him in a battle against the army of Aram. Ahab’s false prophets all told him to go because he would be successful. But a randomly shot arrow hit him and he bled to death. They washed his chariot at the pool and the dogs licked up his blood, just as Elijah had said they would. (See: пророк, пророчиця, пророцтво, пророкувати)

Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter

“However, the shrines were still not taken away. The people were still sacrificing and burning incense at the shrines.”

1 Kings 22:4

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Quote: I am like you, my people are like your people, and my horses are like your horses (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom

Jehoshaphat tells Ahab that he, his people, and his horses belong to Ahab, meaning that Ahab can command them as he pleases. Alternate translation: “I, my soldiers, and my horses are yours to use in any way you want”

1 Kings 22:6

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Quote: four hundred men (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers

“400 men”

Quote: With these you will push the Arameans until they are consumed (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction

The prophet’s actions are a symbolic metaphor that illustrates the way that Ahab would defeat the Arameans. Ahab’s army will win with great strength, as a bull attacks another animal. (See also: Метафора)

Quote: Every man should go back to his city; and every man should go back to his region (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism

These two phrases mean basically the same thing and are combined for emphasis.

1 Kings 22:37

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Quote: was brought to Samaria (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive

If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “his soldiers brought his body to Samaria”

Quote: twenty-five years (0)
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“25 years”

1 Kings 22:43

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Quote: He walked in the ways of Asa, his father (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

A person’s behavior is spoken of as if that person walked along a path. Alternate translation: “He did the same things that Asa, his father, had done”

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Quote: what was right in the eyes of Yahweh (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor

Here “eyes” represents seeing and Yahweh’s opinion is spoken of as if he were able to see something. Alternate translation: “what Yahweh considered to be right”

A person’s behavior is spoken of as if that person were walking along a path. Alternate translation: “did the same things that his father, mother, and Jeroboam son of Nebat had done”

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Quote: led Israel to sin (0)

Here the word “Israel” refers to the ten northern tribes that made up the kingdom of Israel.

1 Kings 22:53

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Quote: He served Baal and worshiped him (0)
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet

The words “served” and “worshiped” mean basically the same thing.

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Quote: the God of Israel (0)

Here the word “Israel” refers to all of the twelve tribes descended from Jacob.

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1 Kings

1 Kings front

Introduction to 1 Kings

Part 1: General Introduction

Outline of 1 Kings

What are the Books of 1 and 2 Kings about?

How should the title of this book be translated?

Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts

What was the purpose of 1 and 2 Kings?

Part 3: Important Translation Issues

Why do the Books of 1 and 2 Kings refer to someone being addressed indirectly?

What does the king “did what was right (or evil) in the eyes of Yahweh” mean?

What is the meaning of the term “Israel”?

Can I translate the Book of 1 Kings before I translate the Books of 1 and 2 Samuel?

1 Kings 1

1 Kings 1 General Notes

Structure and formatting

Special concepts in this chapter

The next king

Important figures of speech in this chapter

Idiom

1 Kings 1:1

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1 Kings 1:3

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1 Kings 1:5

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1 Kings 1:6

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1 Kings 1:7

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1 Kings 1:8

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1 Kings 1:9

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1 Kings 1:11

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1 Kings 1:13

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1 Kings 1:14

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1 Kings 1:15

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1 Kings 1:16

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1 Kings 1:17

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1 Kings 1:18

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1 Kings 1:19

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1 Kings 1:20