Leviticus

Leviticus front

Leviticus front:intro

Introduction to Leviticus

Part 1: General Introduction

Outline of Leviticus

The Law of Sacrifices (1:1–7:8)
- Burnt offerings (1:1–17)
- Meal offerings (2:1–16)
- Peace offerings (3:1–17);
- Sin offerings for unintentional sins (4:1-5:13)
- Trespass offerings (5:14–6:7);
- Offerings for the priests and constant offerings (6:8–23)
- Wave offerings, heave offerings (6:24–7:27)
Setting apart the Priests (8:10–10:20)
- The account of the ordaining of Aaron and his sons (8:1–36)
- Aaron as high priest (9:1–24)
- The account of the punishment of Nadab and Abihu (10:1–20)
Laws of Separation and Defilement (11:1–15:33)
- Clean and unclean food (11:1–47);
- Purification after giving birth to a child (12:1–8)
- Leprosy (13:1–14:47)
- Purification and cleansing of bodily fluids (15:1–33)
Day of Atonement and the place of the offering and the nature of blood (16:1–17:16)
Holiness and setting apart for worship and service; setting apart and being disqualified from service (desecration), (18:1–24:1–23)
One year in seven, rest and restoration; Year of Jubilee, one year in fifty, (25:1–55)
Blessing for obedience and curses for disobedience, (26:1–46)
Payment of promises; giving the tithe (27:1–34)

What is the book of Leviticus about?

In the Book of Leviticus, God continues to give laws through Moses to the people of Israel. The people were to obey all of these laws in order to honor the covenant they had with God.

How should the title of this book be translated?

"Leviticus" means "about the Levites." The Levites were the tribe of Israel that provided priests and other workers in the tabernacle. If the people in the project language do not understand the term "Levites," it will probably be better to create a title such as, "The Book about the Priests" or "The Book about the Tabernacle Workers." (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/tabernacle.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Who wrote the book of Leviticus?

The writers of both the Old and New Testament present Moses as being very involved with writing the book of Leviticus. Since ancient times, both Jews and Christians have thought that Moses wrote Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy.

What is the meaning of "holy" and "holiness" in the book of Leviticus?

These terms concern the separation of someone or something from the rest of the people, from the world, or from ordinary use. These people or things that are separated belong only to God. The places for worshiping God or for honoring him in any way were considered to be separate. They could not be used for anything else. God required the Israelites to live in a certain way in order to live as a nation belonging to him alone.

Anyone or anything that was acceptable to God or "holy" was spoken of as if they were physically clean.

In the same way, anyone or anything that was not acceptable to God or not holy was spoken of if they were physically unclean.

Some people and some things could be made clean or "cleansed," that is, acceptable to God. People or things were made clean if the people performed the right sacrifices and ceremonies. For example, foreigners who wished to live among the Israelites and worship Yahweh could be made clean. However, there were other people and things that could never be made acceptable to him.

It is important to know that not all unclean things or conditions were actually sinful. For example, after giving birth to a male child, a woman would be unclean for thirty-three days. Then the proper animal sacrifice would be offered for her. It was the flow of blood that made the woman unclean (See: Leviticus 12:7). But it is never suggested that someone with a flow of blood was sinning. In the same way, God did not allow Israelites to eat many kinds of animals. This is because God considered them to be unfit for the people to eat or to sacrifice to himself, not because those animals were sinful.

Because God does not sin, the terms "holy" and "holiness" often suggest this same idea. Something belonging to God is holy. Because people must respect God, they must respect the things that belong to him.

What are the important narrative features of Leviticus?

On seventeen occasions, the phrase "The Lord said to Moses" (and Aaron), is often used to begin paragraphs. God and Moses frequently spoke to others. The verb "speak" is used thirty-eight times.

Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts

Why did the Israelites need so many rules about sacrificing animals?

Leviticus shows that God is holy. That means God is very different than humanity and the rest of the created world. God does not sin. Because of this, it is impossible to be acceptable to him without being "cleansed." The many kinds of sacrifices were meant to make people and things acceptable to God. However, the people had to continue making animal sacrifices so that they would continue to be acceptable to God. This was a sign that pointed to a need for a better sacrifice. They needed a sacrifice that would cause them to be acceptable to God forever. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/holy.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/sin.md]])

Why was the priesthood important in the book of Leviticus?

Priests were individual who would go to God on behalf of the people. God authorized the priests to bring the Israelite's sacrifices to himself.

How did the Israelite's rules for worshiping God and sacrificing animals differ from the other nations at that time?

It was common for other nations to sacrifice animals to their idols. But, the other nations did other things to worship their false gods. For instance people would sleep with prostitutes at the temple of their gods. They did this to try to persuade their gods to bless their land with the ability to grow crops. Also, people of other nations would sometimes offer human sacrifices to their gods. The God of Israel did allow his people to do these kinds of things.

Part 3: Important Translation Issues

What important symbols are introduced in Leviticus?

Oil was poured on someone or something meant to be set apart for Yahweh. Water was used to symbolize the cleansing of someone or something in order to become acceptable to God. Blood was also used to cleanse and purify people and things. This is because blood represented life which needed to be shed in order for God to forgive people for sinning.

Why do many sections begin with the phrase "Yahweh said to Moses?"

This phrase shows the reader that these rules ultimately come from God and must be obeyed. You could also translate this as "God told Moses."

Leviticus 1

Leviticus 1:intro-0

Leviticus 01 General Notes

Structure and formatting

In Hebrew, this chapter begins with the word "and" indicating a connection with the previous book (Exodus). The first five books of the Bible should be seen as a single unit.

Special concepts in this chapter

# Atonement

In order to offer a sacrifice for the people, the priest first had to make an atonement for himself, in order to make himself clean. Only then would he be clean and be allowed to perform a sacrifice. These sacrificed animals had to be perfect, the best of all of the animals. A person was not allowed to bring an inferior animal to be sacrificed to Yahweh. These sacrifices also had to be offered in a very specific way. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/atonement.md]], [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/priest.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/clean.md]])

Leviticus 1:1-2

Yahweh

This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See the translationWord page about Yahweh concerning how to translate this.

from the tent of meeting, saying, "Speak to the people of Israel and tell them, 'When any man

Here Yahweh begins speaking to Moses. This speech ends in 3:17. This can be translated without the quotation within the quotation. AT: "from the tent of meeting and told Moses to say this to the people of Israel: 'When any man" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-quotesinquotes/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-quotations/01.md]])

When any man from among you

"When any one of you" or "When any of you"

translationWords

Leviticus 1:3-4

General Information:

Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do so that their sacrifices will be acceptable to Yahweh.

If his offering ... he must offer

Here "his" and "he" refer to the person bringing an offering to Yahweh. It can be translated in the second person as it is in Leviticus 1:2. AT: "If your offering ... you must offer" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-123person/01.md]])

so that it may be accepted before Yahweh

This can be stated in active form. AT: "so that Yahweh will accept it" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

lay his hand on the head

This is a symbolic action that identifies the person with the animal he is offering. In this way the person is offering himself through the animal to Yahweh, so that God will forgive the person's sins when they kill the animal. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-symaction/01.md]])

then it will be accepted on his behalf to make atonement for himself

This can be stated in active form. AT: "then Yahweh will accept it in his place and forgive his sins" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 1:5-6

it will be an offering made to him by fire

Yahweh tells Moses that the priests must burn their offerings with fire. This can be translated in active form. AT: "it will be a burnt offering to me" or "it will be a burnt offering to Yahweh" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 1:14-15

General Information:

Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.

wring off its head

"twist off its head"

Then its blood must be drained out

This can be translated in active form. AT: "Then the priest must drain its blood" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 1:16-17

He must

"The priest must"

its crop with its contents

A crop is a pouch in the bird's throat where pre-digested food is stored.

throw it beside the altar

Here "it" refers to the crop and its contents.

it will produce a sweet aroma for Yahweh

it will be an offering made to him by fire

This can be stated in active form. AT: "it will be a burnt offering to me" or "it will be a burnt offering to Yahweh" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 2

Leviticus 2:intro-0

Leviticus 02 General Notes

Structure and formatting

This chapter gives instructions about how to make a grain offering.

Special concepts in this chapter

# Yeast

Yeast is connected to the events of the Passover. Any prohibition of yeast may be connected to the original Passover. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/passover.md]])

Leviticus 2:1-3

It will be an offering made by fire

This can be stated in active form. AT: "It will be a burnt offering" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

it will produce a sweet aroma for Yahweh

from the offerings to Yahweh made by fire

This can be stated in active form. AT: "from the burnt offerings to Yahweh" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 2:11-13

General Information:

Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do so that their offerings will be acceptable to him.

No grain offering that you offer to Yahweh is to be made with yeast

This can be stated in active form. AT: "Do not use yeast in a grain offering that you offer to Yahweh" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

as an offering made by fire

This can be stated in active form. AT: "as a burnt offering" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

You will offer them

"You will offer the grain offerings made with leaven or honey"

they will not be used to produce a sweet aroma on the altar

This can be stated in active form. AT: "you will not use them to produce a sweet aroma on the altar" or "you will not burn them on the altar" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

the salt of the covenant of your God

It is implied that the salt is a symbol that represents the covenant with God. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 2:14-16

General Information:

Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do so their offerings will be acceptable to him.

that is roasted with fire and then crushed

This can be stated in active form. AT: "that you have cooked over a fire and then crushed" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

a representative offering

The handful of the grain offering represents the whole grain offering. This means the whole offering belongs to Yahweh. See how you translated this in Leviticus 2:2.

This is an offering made by fire to Yahweh

This can be stated in active form. AT: "This is a burnt offering to Yahweh" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 3

Leviticus 3:intro-0

Leviticus 03 General Notes

Structure and formatting

This chapter gives instructions about how to offer a fellowship offering.

Special concepts in this chapter

# Fat

The fat of the animal was considered the best part of the animal to eat. Therefore, this belonged to Yahweh. This is why the Israelites were not allowed to consume it.

Leviticus 3:1-2

General Information:

Moses continues telling the people what Yahweh wants them to do.

before Yahweh

"in the presence of Yahweh" or "to Yahweh"

lay his hand on the head

This is a symbolic action that identifies the person with the animal he is offering. In this way the person is offering himself to Yahweh through the animal. See how you translated this in Leviticus 1:4. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-symaction/01.md]])

Aaron's sons the priests will sprinkle its blood

It is implied that before they sprinkle the blood, they catch blood in a bowl as the it drains from the animal. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 3:3-5

inner parts

This is the stomach and intestines.

by the loins

This is the part of the body on the sides of the backbone between the ribs and hipbone.

the lobe of the liver

This is the curved or rounded part of the liver. This is considered the best part of the liver to eat. AT: "the best part of the liver"

This will produce a sweet aroma for Yahweh

it will be an offering made to him by fire

This can be stated in active form. AT: "it will be a burnt offering to Yahweh" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 3:6-8

offer it before Yahweh

"offer it in the presence of Yahweh" or "offer it to Yahweh"

lay his hand on the head

This is a symbolic action that identifies the person with the animal he is offering. In this way the person is offering himself to Yahweh through the animal. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-symaction/01.md]])

Aaron's sons will sprinkle its blood

It is implied that before they sprinkle the blood, they catch the blood in a bowl as it drains from the animal. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 3:9-11

as an offering made by fire

This can be stated in active form. AT: "as a burnt offering" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

The fat, the entire fat ... the kidneys—he will remove all of this

The statement "he will remove all of this" can be placed at the beginning of the sentence. AT: "He will remove the fat, the entire fat ... the kidneys"

inner parts

This is the stomach and intestines.

that is near the inner parts, and the two kidneys

A new sentence can start here. AT: "that is near the inner parts. He must remove the kidneys"

by the loins

This is the part of the body on the sides of the backbone between the ribs and hipbone.

the lobe of the liver

This is the curved or rounded part of the liver. This is considered the best part of the liver to eat. AT: "the best part of the liver"

will burn it all on the altar as a burnt offering of food to Yahweh

Translate this in a way that makes it clear that Yahweh does not actually eat the food. AT: "will burn those things on the altar as an offering to Yahweh. Those things will come from your food supplies"

translationWords

Leviticus 3:12-14

before Yahweh

"in the presence of Yahweh" or "to Yahweh"

lay his hand on the head

the sons of Aaron will sprinkle its blood

It is implied that before they sprinkle the blood, they catch the blood in a bowl as it drains from the animal. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

will offer his sacrifice made by fire

This can be stated in active form. AT: "will offer his sacrifice by fire" or "will burn his sacrifice" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 3:15-17

He will also

Here "He" refers to the person offering the sacrifice.

will burn all that on the altar as a burnt offering of food

Translate this in a way that it does not seem like Yahweh actually eats the food. AT: "will burn those things on the altar to be an offering to Yahweh. It will be as though they are food given to Yahweh"

to produce a sweet aroma

Yahweh is pleased with the aroma of burning meat when he is pleased with the worshiper's sincerity. See how you translated this in Leviticus 1:9. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

It will be a permanent statute throughout your people's generations

This means that they and their descendants must obey this command forever.

or blood

"or consume blood"

translationWords

Leviticus 4

Leviticus 4:intro-0

Leviticus 04 General Notes

Structure and formatting

This chapter gives instructions on how to offer a sacrifice for unintentional sins. This is known as a sin offering. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/sin.md]])

Special concepts in this chapter

# Unintentional sins

Many scholars have taken special note that all of the sacrifices concern sins that are unintentional and that no provision is offered for sins intentionally committed. Many have suggested that it is only the sacrifice of Jesus' life that can be offered for these sins. Many also believe that this offering parallels the sacrifice of Jesus.

Leviticus 4:1-3

Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying, "Tell the people of Israel, 'When anyone sins

This has a quotation within a quotation. A direct quotation can be stated as an indirect quotation. AT: "Yahweh spoke to Moses and told him to tell the people of Israel this: 'When anyone sins" (See:[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-quotesinquotes/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-quotations/01.md]])

that Yahweh has commanded not to be done

This can be stated in active form. AT: "that Yahweh has commanded the people not to do" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

if he does something that is prohibited

This can be translated in active form. AT: "if he does something that Yahweh does not allow" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

the following must be done

This can be translated in active form. AT: "he must do the following" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

so as to bring guilt on the people

The abstract noun "guilt" can be stated as an adjective. AT: "so as to cause the people to be guilty" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-abstractnouns/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 4:4-5

General Information:

Yahweh continues to tell Moses what the people must do.

He must bring the bull

"The high priest must bring the bull"

lay his hand on its head

The anointed priest will take some of the blood

It is implied that the priest catches the blood in a bowl as it drains from the animal. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 4:6-7

sprinkle some of it

"drip some of it" or "splatter some of it"

horns of the altar

This refers to the corners of the altar. They are shaped like the horns of an ox. AT: "the projections at the corners of the altar"

pour out

"empty out the rest of the blood"

translationWords

Leviticus 4:16-17

General Information:

Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.

The anointed priest will bring some of the blood

It is implied that the priest caught the blood in a bowl as the blood drained from the bull. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

before the curtain

It is implied that this is the curtain before the most holy place. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 4:18-19

He will put

"The priest will put"

horns of the altar

This refers to the corners of the altar. They are shaped like the horns of an ox. See how you translated this in Leviticus 4:7.

he will pour out all the blood

"he will pour out the rest of the blood"

all the fat from it and burn it

"all the fat from the bull and burn the fat"

translationWords

Leviticus 4:20-21

he must do

"the priest must do"

the priest will make atonement for the people

The abstract noun "atonement" can be stated as a verb. AT: "the priest will atone for the people's sins" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-abstractnouns/01.md]])

they will be forgiven

This can be stated in active form. AT: "Yahweh will forgive them" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 4:22-23

God has commanded not to be done

This can be stated in active form. AT: "God has commanded the people not to do" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

then his sin which he has committed is made known to him

This can be stated in active form. AT: "then he realizes that he has sinned" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 4:24-25

He will lay

"The ruler will lay"

lay his hand on the head

where they kill

"where the priests kill"

It is implied that the priest will catch the blood in a bowl as the blood drains from the animal. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

horns of the altar

This refers to the corners of the altar, which are shaped like the horns of an ox. See how you translated this in Leviticus 4:7.

all the rest of the blood

"all the blood remaining in the bowl"

This refers to the corners of the altar. They are shaped like the horns of an ox. See how you translated this in Leviticus 4:7.

he will pour out all its blood

"he will pour out the rest of its blood"

He will cut away

Here "He" refers to the person offering the sacrifice.

just as the fat of the lamb is cut away

This can be stated in active form. AT: "just as a person cuts away the fat of the lamb" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

the priest will burn it

"the priest will burn the fat"

offerings of Yahweh made by fire

This can be stated in active form. AT: "burnt offerings for Yahweh" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

will make atonement for him for the sin he has committed

The abstract noun "atonement" can be stated as a verb. AT: "will atone for the sin the person committed" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-abstractnouns/01.md]])

the man will be forgiven

This can be stated in active form. AT: "Yahweh will forgive the man's sins" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 5

Leviticus 5:intro-0

Leviticus 05 General Notes

Structure and formatting

This chapter gives instructions about how to offer a specific type of sacrifice.

Special concepts in this chapter

# Not testifying

If a person saw a crime, or a wrong being done, they were required to be a witness about what they saw or heard. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/witness.md]])

# Sacrifices for the poor

This chapter explains that poor people were allowed to offer less expensive sacrifices if they could not afford more costly sacrifices.

This is one part out of ten equal parts. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-fraction/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 5:12-13

He must bring it

"He must bring the fine flour"

a representative offering

The handful that the priest burns on the altar represents the entire offering. This means the whole offering belongs to Yahweh. See how you translated this in Leviticus 2:2.

on top of the offerings made by fire for Yahweh

This can be stated in active form. AT: "on top of the burnt offerings to Yahweh" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

will make atonement

The abstract noun "atonement" can be stated as a verb. AT: "will atone" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-abstractnouns/01.md]])

that person will be forgiven

This can be stated in active form. AT: "Yahweh will forgive that person's sins" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 5:14-16

sins and acts unfaithfully in regard to the things that belong to Yahweh

This means the person sinned by not giving to Yahweh what Yahweh commanded him to give. AT: "sins by failing to give to Yahweh what belongs to Yahweh"

its value must be appraised in silver shekels

This can be stated in active form. AT: "he must determine how many shekels the ram is worth" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

shekels

A shekel is about 11 grams in weight. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-bmoney/01.md]])

the shekel of the sanctuary

This probably means there were at least two ways of measuring a shekel. This refers to how the priests of the sanctuary weigh a shekel. AT: "the official standard in the sacred tent"

the sanctuary

This is another name for the holy tent.

he must add one-fifth

This means the person must pay an extra one-fifth of the value of what he owes to Yahweh.

one-fifth

This is one part out of five equal parts. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-fraction/01.md]])

the priest will make atonement for him

The abstract noun "atonement" can be stated as a verb. AT: "the priest will atone for him" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-abstractnouns/01.md]])

that person will be forgiven

This can be stated in active form. AT: "Yahweh will forgive that person" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 5:17-19

has commanded not to be done

This can be stated in active form. AT: "has commanded the people not to do" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

must carry his own guilt

A person's guilt is spoken of as if it were a physical object that the person carries. Here the word "guilt" represents the punishment for that guilt. AT: "he is responsible for his own guilt" or "Yahweh will punish him for his sin" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

worth the current value

This means the person must determine how many shekels the ram is worth by using the official standard of the sacred tent. See Leviticus 5:15. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-ellipsis/01.md]])

he will be forgiven

This can be stated in active form. AT: "Yahweh will forgive him" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

he is certainly guilty before Yahweh

"Yahweh certainly considers him guilty"

translationWords

Leviticus 6

Leviticus 6:intro-0

Leviticus 06 General Notes

Structure and formatting

This chapter gives instructions on how to offer guilt offerings, burnt offerings, and grain offerings.

Special concepts in this chapter

# Eating sacrifices

The Levites were allowed to eat some of the leftover parts of the sacrifice, while they were not allowed to eat other sacrifices. The reasons for this is unknown.

Leviticus 6:1-4

acts unfaithfully against Yahweh

"disobeys one of Yahweh's commandments"

deceiving his neighbor regarding something held in trust

This can be translated in active form. AT: "lying to his neighbor about something the neighbor let him borrow" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

his neighbor

Here "neighbor" means any Israelite, not just someone who lives nearby.

that which was entrusted to him

This can be stated in active form. AT: "not returning something he borrowed"

translationWords

Leviticus 6:5-7

in full

"fully" or "totally"

add one-fifth

This means the person must return what he owes to someone and pay an extra one-fifth of the value. See how you translated this in Leviticus 5:16. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-fraction/01.md]])

pay it all to the owner

This can be translated in active form. AT: "to pay the person he owes" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

he is found guilty

The person who stole is to be brought before the judge and be declared guilty. This can be stated in active form. AT: "the judge declares him guilty" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

worth the current value

This means the person must determine how many shekels the ram is worth by using the official standard of the sacred tent. You can make clear the understood information. See how this was translated in Leviticus 5:15. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-ellipsis/01.md]])

The priest will make atonement for him

The abstract noun "atonement" can be stated as a verb. AT: "The priest will atone for him" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-abstractnouns/01.md]])

before Yahweh

"in the presence of Yahweh"

he will be forgiven

This means Yahweh will forgive the person, not the priest. This can be translated in active form. AT: "God will forgive him" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 6:8-9

Then Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying, "Command Aaron and his sons, saying, 'This is the law

This has a quotation within a quotation. A direct quotation can be stated as an indirect quotation. AT: "Then Yahweh spoke to Moses and told him to command Aaron and his sons, saying, 'This is the law" (See:[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-quotesinquotes/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-quotations/01.md]])

must be on the hearth of the altar

"must be on top of the altar"

the fire of the altar will be kept burning

This can be translated in active form. AT: "you must keep the fire of the altar burning" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 6:10-11

his linen clothes

Linen is a white cloth. AT: "his white clothes" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-unknown/01.md]])

He will pick up the ashes

"He will gather the ashes"

after the fire has consumed the burnt offering

The fire completely burning up the offering is spoken of as if it consumed or used up the burnt offering.

to a place that is clean

A place that is fit to be used for God's purposes is spoken of as if it were physically clean. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 6:12-13

The fire on the altar will be kept burning

This can be translated in active form. AT: "The priest will keep the fire on the altar burning" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

as required on it

This can be stated in active form. AT: "on it as Yahweh demands" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 6:14-15

to produce a sweet aroma

Yahweh being pleased with the sincere worshiper who offered the sacrifice is spoken of as if God were pleased with the aroma of the sacrifice. See how you translated a similar phrase in Leviticus 1:9. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

a representative offering

The handful of the grain offering represents the whole grain offering. This means the whole offering belongs to Yahweh. See how you translated this in Leviticus 2:2.

translationWords

Leviticus 6:16-18

It must be eaten

This can be translated in active form. AT: "They must eat it" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

It must not be baked with yeast

This can be translated in active form. AT: "Do not bake it with yeast" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

offerings made by fire

This can be stated in active form. AT: "burnt offerings" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

Whoever touches them will become holy

This is an implied warning that those who are not male descendants of Aaron should not touch this offering. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 6:19-20

when each son is anointed

It is implied that they will be anointed when they become priests. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. This can also be stated in active form. AT: "when he anoints each son, ordaining them as priests" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]] and[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

a tenth part of an ephah

An ephah is 22 liters. One-tenth of an ephah is about 2 liters. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-bvolume/01.md]])

a tenth

This is one part of ten equal parts. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-fraction/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 6:21-23

It will be made

This can be translated in active form. AT: "You will make it" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

in a baking pan

This is a thick plate made of either clay or metal. The plate was placed over a fire, and the dough cooked on top of the plate. See how you translated "flat iron pan" in Leviticus 2:5. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-unknown/01.md]])

When it is soaked

"When the flour is completely wet with oil"

you will bring it in

Here "you" refers to the person offering the sacrifice. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-you/01.md]])

to produce a sweet aroma for Yahweh

As commanded

This can be stated in active form. AT: "As Yahweh has commanded you" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

all of it shall be burned

This can be stated in active form. AT: "he must burn all of it" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

will be completely burned up

This can be stated in active form. AT: "he must burn it up completely" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

It must not be eaten

This can be stated in active form. AT: "No one must eat it" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 6:24-26

Yahweh spoke to Moses again, saying, "Speak to Aaron and to his sons, saying, 'This is the law

This has a quotation within a quotation. A direct quotation can be stated as an indirect quotation. AT: "Yahweh spoke to Moses again and told him to speak to Aaron and his sons, saying, 'This is the law" (See:[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-quotesinquotes/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-quotations/01.md]])

Speak to Aaron and to his sons

Yahweh is speaking to Aaron and his sons, but these regulations apply to all priest who perform these sacrifices. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

The sin offering must be killed at ... before Yahweh

It can be made explicit that this refers to the north side of the altar. See Leviticus 1:10-11. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

The sin offering must be killed

This can be translated in active form. AT: "You must kill the sin offering" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

where the burnt offering is killed

This can be stated in active form. AT: "where you kill the animal for the burnt offering" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

before Yahweh

"to Yahweh"

It must be eaten

This can be stated in active form. AT: "He must eat it" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 6:27-28

Whatever touches its meat will become holy

This is an implied warning that no one besides the priests should touch the meat of the sin offering. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

if the blood is sprinkled on

This can be translated in active form. AT: "if the blood sprinkles on" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

the clay pot in which it is boiled must be broken

This can be stated in active form. AT: "you must break the clay pot in which you boiled the meat" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

If it is boiled in a bronze pot, it must be scrubbed and rinsed clean in water

This can be stated in active form. AT: "If you boiled the meat in a bronze pot, then you must scrub the pot and rinse it with clean water" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 6:29-30

But any sin offering ... must not be eaten

This can be translated in active form. AT: "But no one may eat any sin offering whose blood is brought into the tent of meeting to make atonement in the holy place" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

whose blood is brought into the tent of meeting

This can be translated in active form. AT: "from which the priest takes the blood into the tent of meeting" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

It must be burned

This can be stated in active form. AT: "The priest must burn it" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 7

Leviticus 7:intro-0

Leviticus 07 General Notes

Structure and formatting

This chapter gives instructions on how to offer guilt offerings, peace offerings and freewill offerings.

Special concepts in this chapter

# Blood

The people were not allowed to eat or drink the blood of the sacrificed meat because life was considered to be in the blood of the animal. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/blood.md]] and Leviticus 17:11)

Leviticus 7:1-4

General Information:

Yahweh continues telling Moses what he must tell Aaron and his sons.

in the place for killing it

It can be made explicit that this refers to place where the animals for the burnt offerings are killed. See Leviticus 1:10-11. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

All the fat in it will be offered

This can be translated in active form. AT: "The priest must offer all the fat in it" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

inner parts

This is the stomach and intestines.

liver ... kidneys

See how you translated these words in Leviticus 3:4.

next to the loins

This is the part of the body on the sides of the backbone between the ribs and hipbone. See how you translated this in Leviticus 3:4.

all this must be removed

This can be stated in active form. AT: "the priest must remove all this" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 7:5-6

as an offering made with fire

This can be stated in active form. AT: "as a burnt offering" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

It must be eaten

This can be stated in active form. AT: "They must eat it" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 7:7-8

The same law applies to both of them

"The law is the same for both of them"

to the priest who makes atonement with them

The abstract noun "atonement" can be stated as a verb. AT: "to the priest who offers the sacrifice to atone for someone's sins" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-abstractnouns/01.md]])

hide

the coat or skin of a herd animal

translationWords

Leviticus 7:9-10

that is baked in an oven ... that is cooked in a frying pan

This can be translated in active form. AT: "that someone bakes in an oven ... that someone cooks in a frying pan" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

oven

This was probably a hollow object made of clay. A fire was lit under the oven, and the heat would bake the dough inside of the oven. See how you translated this in Leviticus 2:4. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-unknown/01.md]])

a frying pan

This is a metal plate with rounded edges. The dough was placed in the pan and cooked over a fire. See how you translated "pan" in Leviticus 2:7. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-unknown/01.md]])

a baking pan

died without being a sacrifice

"died but was not a sacrifice"

the fat of an animal torn by wild animals

This can be translated in active form. AT: "the fat of an animal that wild animals killed" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

may be used

This can be translated in active form. AT: "you may use" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 7:25-27

sacrifice by fire

This can be stated in active form. AT: "burnt offering" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

that person must be cut off from his people

A person being excluded from his community is spoken of as if he had been cut off from his people, as one would cut a piece of cloth or cut a branch from a tree. This can be translated in active form. See how you translated this in Leviticus 7:20. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

You must eat no blood

"You must not consume blood"

in any of your houses

"in any of your homes" or "wherever you live"

translationWords

Leviticus 7:28-30

So Yahweh spoke to Moses and said, "Speak to the people of Israel and say, 'He who offers

This has a quotation within a quotation. A direct quotation can be stated as an indirect quotation. AT: "Then Yahweh spoke to Moses and told him to tell the people of Israel this: 'He who offers" (See:[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-quotesinquotes/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-quotations/01.md]])

The offering for Yahweh to be made by fire, his own hands must bring it

The statement "his own hands must bring it" can be placed at the beginning of the sentence. The phrase "to be made by fire" can be stated in active form. AT: "He himself must bring the offering that he plans to burn as a sacrifice to Yahweh" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

his own hands must bring it

Here "hands" represents the whole person. AT: "he must bring it himself" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-synecdoche/01.md]])

breast

the front part of the animal's body below the neck

so that the breast may be waved as a wave offering before Yahweh

This can be translated in active form. AT: "so that the priest can present it to Yahweh as a wave offering" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

may be waved as a wave offering before Yahweh

Raising up the offering is a symbolic gesture that shows that the person is dedicating the sacrifice to Yahweh. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-symaction/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 7:31-32

thigh

the upper part of the leg above the knee

In chapter 8 Moses ordains Aaron and his sons as priests according to the commands of Yahweh that Moses recorded in the book of Exodus.

the garments

"the priestly garments" or "the clothes that the priests wore"

translationWords

Leviticus 8:4-5

Yahweh has commanded to be done

This can be translated in active form. AT: "Yahweh commands us to do" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 8:6-7

He poured

"Moses poured"

sashes

This is the plural form of "sash." See how you translated this in Leviticus 8:7.

translationWords

Leviticus 8:14-15

laid their hands on the head

This is a symbolic action that identifies Aaron and his sons with the animal they are offering. In this way they are offering themselves to Yahweh through the animal. See how you translated this in Leviticus 1:4. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-symaction/01.md]])

horns of the altar

This refers to the corners of the altar. They are shaped like the horns of an ox. See how you translated this in Leviticus 4:7.

set it apart for God

"set the altar apart for God"

in order to make atonement for it

Here "atonement" means to make the altar fit for use in serving God. AT: "in order to make it a suitable place for burning sacrifices for sin"

translationWords

Leviticus 8:16-17

the inner parts

This is the stomach and intestines. See how you translated this in Leviticus 1:9.

liver ... kidneys

See how you translated these words in Leviticus 3:4.

hide

the coat or skin of a herd animal

translationWords

right thigh

The thigh is the upper part of the leg above the knee. See how you translated this in Leviticus 7:32.

the basket of bread without yeast that was before Yahweh

This does not refer to the location of the basket of bread. It means this is the bread that Moses had dedicated to Yahweh.

put it all in the hands of Aaron and in the hands of his sons

Here "hands" represents the whole person. AT: "gave it all to Aaron and his sons" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-synecdoche/01.md]])

waved them before Yahweh as a wave offering

It is implied that Aaron and his sons presented the offering. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. AT: "they waved them before Yahweh as a wave offering" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

waved them

This is a symbolic action that dedicates the offering to Yahweh. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-symaction/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 8:28-29

Moses took them

Here "them" refers to the fat, thigh, and all of the bread.

from off their hands

Here "hands" represents the whole person. AT: "from Aaron and his sons" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-synecdoche/01.md]])

They were a consecration offering

"They were an offering for setting Aaron and his sons apart for service to Yahweh"

an offering made by fire to Yahweh

This can be translated in active form. AT: "a burnt offering to Yahweh" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

produced a sweet aroma

Special concepts in this chapter

# Following Yahweh's instructions

Great care is taken to show that Aaron perfectly followed Yahweh's instructions. Moses records every detail to show how Aaron correctly followed Yahweh.

Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter

# "Fire came out from Yahweh"

Aaron did not create the fire that consumed his sacrifice. Instead, Yahweh miraculously began the fire which consumed the sacrifice. This showed that the sacrifice was acceptable to him. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/miracle.md]])

Leviticus 9:1-2

the eighth day

The word "eighth" is the ordinal number for eight. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-ordinal/01.md]])

before Yahweh

"to Yahweh" or "in the presence of Yahweh"

translationWords

Leviticus 9:3-5

General Information:

Moses continues speaking to Aaron.

You must speak to the people of Israel and say, 'Take a male goat ... will appear to you

Moses continues speaking to Aaron. This has a quotation within a quotation. A direct quotation can be stated as an indirect quotation. AT: "And tell the people of Israel to take a male goat ... will appear to all the people" (See:[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-quotesinquotes/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-quotations/01.md]])

a year old

"twelve months of age"

to sacrifice before Yahweh

"to sacrifice to Yahweh"

translationWords

Leviticus 9:6-7

commanded you to do

Here "you" refers to the people of Israel. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-you/01.md]])

so that his glory may appear to you

Here "glory" represents the presence of Yahweh. AT: "so that he may show you the glory of his presence" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

make atonement for yourself and for the people ... offer the sacrifice for the people to make atonement for them

These are two different sacrifices. The first sacrifice is to atone for the sins of the high priest. When the high priest sins it also makes the people guilty (See: Leviticus 4:3). The second sacrifice is to atone of the sins the people themselves commit.

translationWords

Leviticus 9:8-9

sons of Aaron presented the blood to him

This implies that they caught the blood in a bowl as the blood drained from the animal. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

horns of the altar

This refers to the corners of the altar. They are shaped like the horns of an ox. See how you translated this in Leviticus 4:7.

at the base of the altar

"at the bottom of the altar"

translationWords

Leviticus 9:10-11

he burned

"Aaron burned"

kidneys ... liver

See how you translated these words in Leviticus 3:4.

the hide

This is the coat or skin of a herd animal. See how you translated this in Leviticus 7:8.

translationWords

Leviticus 9:12-14

his sons gave him the blood

It is implied that the sons caught the blood in a bowl as the blood drained from the animal. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

inner parts

the inner parts - This is the stomach and intestines. See how you translated this in Leviticus 1:9.

translationWords

Leviticus 9:15-17

the first goat

The word "first" is the ordinal number for one. AT: "the goat for his own offering" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-ordinal/01.md]])

along with the morning's burnt offering

This refers to the first sacrifice of each day. The priests would offer this burnt sacrifice in the morning before any other sacrifice. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

Leviticus 10:intro-0

Leviticus 10 General Notes

Structure and formatting

Some translations indent each line of poetry to make it easier to read. The ULB does this with the poetry in 10:3.

Special concepts in this chapter

# Mourning

Aaron was told that he and his remaining sons should not mourn Aaron's sons who were killed. As priests, they must put priestly work first, before their mourning and personal problems.

Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter

# "Unapproved fire"

The phrase "unapproved fire " indicates that Aaron's son offered an unacceptable sacrifice. Because of Yahweh's holiness, this was a serious sin. They may have offered a sacrifice at the wrong time or in the wrong way. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/holy.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/sin.md]])

Leviticus 10:1-2

Nadab and Abihu

These are the names of Aaron's sons. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

censer

a shallow metal container which priests used to carry hot coals or incense

put fire in it

"put burning coals in it"

Then they offered unapproved fire before Yahweh, which he had not commanded them to offer

"But Yahweh did not approve of their offering because it was not according to what he commanded them to offer"

unapproved fire before Yahweh

"unapproved fire to Yahweh"

So fire came out from before Yahweh

"So Yahweh sent a fire"

came out from before Yahweh

"came out from Yahweh"

devoured them

The fire completely burning the men up is spoken of as if the fire devoured or completely used them up. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

they died before Yahweh

"they died in the presence of Yahweh"

translationWords

Leviticus 10:3-4

This is what Yahweh was talking about when he said, 'I will reveal my holiness ... before all the people.'

This has a quotation within a quotation. A direct quotation can be stated as an indirect quotation. AT: "This is what Yahweh was talking about when he said that he would reveal his holiness ... who come near him, and that he will be glorified ... people." (See:[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-quotesinquotes/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-quotations/01.md]])

I will reveal my holiness to those who come near me

The phrase "those who come near me" refers to the priests that serve Yahweh. "I will show those that come near to serve me that I am holy" or "Those who come near to serve me must treat me as holy"

I will be glorified before all the people

This second part of Yahweh's statement still concerns the priest, who are the ones who come near to Yahweh. This can be translated in active form. AT: "They must glorify me before all the people" or "They must honor me in the presence of all the people" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

Mishael ... Elzaphan ... Uzziel

These are names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

your brothers

This does not mean they were literal brothers. Here "brothers" means relatives or cousins.

translationWords

Leviticus 10:5-7

So they came near

"So Mishael and Elzaphan came near"

carried them, still wearing their priestly tunics

carried the bodies of Nadab and Abihu, which still had on the priestly tunics

Eleazar ... Ithamar

These are the names of Aaron's sons. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Do not let your hair on your heads hang loosely, and do not tear your clothes

Yahweh is telling Aaron and his sons not to show any outward signs of grief or mourning. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-symaction/01.md]])

so that you may not die

"so that you will not die"

not be angry with all the assembly

Here "assembly" means the whole congregation of Israel, not just a group of leaders. AT: "not be angry with all the people of Israel" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-synecdoche/01.md]])

the entire house of Israel

Here "house" represents the people. AT: "all the people of Israel" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

for those whom the fire of Yahweh has set ablaze

"for those whom Yahweh killed with his fire"

translationWords

Leviticus 10:8-11

This will be

Here "This" refers back to the command for the priests to not drink wine or strong drink when they enter the tent of meeting.

a permanent statute throughout your people's generations

See how you translated these words in Leviticus 3:17.

to distinguish

You can start a new sentence here. "You must do this so that you will be able to distinguish"

between the holy and the common

The nominal adjectives "the holy" and "the common" can be stated as adjectives. AT: "between what is holy and what is common" or "between what is dedicated to God and what is ordinary" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-nominaladj/01.md]])

between the unclean and the clean

The nominal adjectives "the unclean" and "the clean" can be stated as adjectives. AT: "between what is unclean and what is clean" or "between what God will not accept and what he will accept" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-nominaladj/01.md]])

the unclean

A person or thing that Yahweh has stated is unfit to touch is spoken of as if they were physically unclean. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

the clean

A person or thing that Yahweh has stated is fit to touch is spoken of as if they were physically unclean. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 10:12-13

the offerings to Yahweh made by fire

This can be translated in active form. AT: "the burnt offerings to Yahweh" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

for it is most holy

"for the grain offering is most holy"

this is what I have been commanded to tell you

This can be translated in active form. AT: "this is what Yahweh commanded me to tell you" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 10:14-15

The breast that is waved and the thigh that is presented to Yahweh

This can be translated in active form. AT: "The breast and thigh that a person waved and presented to Yahweh" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

the breast

the front part of the animal's body below the neck

the thigh

the upper part of the leg above the knee

in a clean place

A place that is fit to be used for God's purposes is spoken of as if it were physically clean. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

for they are given as your share

This can be translated in active form. AT: "for Yahweh has given them as your share" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

You and your sons and daughters

Here "You" refers to Aaron. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-you/01.md]])

They will be yours and your sons' with you as a share forever

Translate this so it is understood that the portion belongs to Aaron and his sons. AT: "This portion will always be for you and your sons" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 10:16-18

it was burned up

This can be translated in active form. AT: "the priests had burned it all" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

Eleazar and Ithamar

See how you translated these names in Leviticus 10:6.

Why have you not eaten ... before him?

Moses uses a question to rebuke Eleazar and Ithamar. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. AT: "You should have eaten ... before him." (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-rquestion/01.md]])

since it is most holy

"since the sin offering is most holy"

to take away the iniquity of the assembly

Causing Yahweh to forgive the people of Israel is spoken of as if iniquity were an object that Yahweh takes from the people. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

before him

"in his presence"

its blood was not brought

This can be translated in active form. AT: "you did not bring its blood" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 10:19-20

this thing has happened

Aaron is referring to the death of his two sons.

would it have been pleasing in the sight of Yahweh?

These sacrifices were to be eaten with joy and happiness. Aaron uses a question to emphasize that Yahweh would not be pleased for him to eat the sacrifices since he is sad because of his sons' deaths. This question may be translated as a statement. AT: "certainly, Yahweh would not have been pleased." (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-rquestion/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 11

Leviticus 11:intro-0

Leviticus 11 General Notes

Structure and formatting

# Laws about food

This chapter contains a list of the animals the Israelites were not allowed to eat. Further research may be needed to determine the exact location of different parts of an animal. Many of these foods are not consumed to this day because they cause diseases, but it is unclear why the other foods are prohibited.

=##### Special concepts in this chapter ##### Eating unclean foods made a person unclean. The process of consuming these types of foods spread the uncleanliness to a person. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/unclean.md]])

Leviticus 11:1-2

among all the animals

"out of all the animals"

translationWords

Leviticus 11:3-4

vulture ... kite ... falcon ... raven ... horned owl ... screech owl ... seagull ... hawk

These are birds that are either awake at night or feed on rodents and dead animals. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-unknown/01.md]])

translationWords

[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/other/eagle.md]]

paws

animal feet with claws

until the evening

"until sunset"

translationWords

Leviticus 11:29-30

General Information:

Yahweh continues telling Moses and Aaron which animals the people are to consider unclean.

these are the animals that will be unclean to you

These animals that God declared to be unfit for people to touch or eat are spoken of as if they were physically unclean. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

weasel

a small animal with brown fur that eats birds and small animals (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-unknown/01.md]])

large lizard, the gecko, the monitor lizard, the lizard, the skink, and the chameleon

These are different kinds of reptiles with four legs. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-unknown/01.md]])

skink

"sand lizard"

translationWords

[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/clean.md]]

Leviticus 11:31-33

General Information:

Yahweh continues telling Moses and Aaron which animals the people are to consider unclean.

This can be translated in active form. AT: "you must not eat it" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

they are to be detested

This can be translated in active form. AT: "you are to detest them" or "you must reject them" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/other/detestable.md]]

Leviticus 11:43-45

General Information:

Yahweh continues telling Moses and Aaron which animals the people are to consider unclean.

You must not make yourselves unclean ... you should be made impure by them

Yahweh repeats the same idea twice in order to strengthen the command that they are not to eat any unclean animal. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-parallelism/01.md]])

You must not make yourselves unclean

A person who is unacceptable for God's purposes is spoken of as if he were physically unclean. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

that you should be made impure by them

This can be translated in active form. AT: "so that you are no longer pure because of them" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 11:46-47

General Information:

Yahweh finishes telling Moses and Aaron what he permits the people to eat and what he forbids them to eat.

for which a distinction is to be made between

This can be translated in active form. AT: "for which you must distinguish between" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

between the unclean and the clean

Animals that God declared to be unfit for the people to touch or eat are spoken of as if they were physically unclean, and those which he declared to be acceptable for the people to touch and eat are spoken of as if they were physically clean. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

that may be eaten ... that may not be eaten

This can be translated in active form. AT: "that you may eat ... that you may not eat" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 12

Leviticus 12:intro-0

Leviticus 12 General Notes

Special concepts in this chapter

# Menstruation

A woman was considered to be unclean after she began her monthly period and after having a baby. This was because all blood was considered to be unclean. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/unclean.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/blood.md]])

Leviticus 12:1-3

she will be unclean

A woman whom other people must not touch because she is bleeding from her womb is spoken of as if she were physically unclean. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

during the days of her monthly period

This refers to the time of the month when a woman bleeds from her womb. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-euphemism/01.md]])

the flesh of a baby boy's foreskin must be circumcised

Only the priest could perform this action. This can be translated in active form. AT: "a priest must circumcise the baby boy" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 12:4-5

the mother's purification from her bleeding will continue for thirty-three days

This means that the mother will remain impure for thirty-three days.

thirty-three days

"33 days" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

she will be unclean for two weeks

for two weeks

"for 14 days"

during her period

This refers to the time of the month when a woman bleeds from her womb. See how you translated this in Leviticus 12:2. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-euphemism/01.md]])

sixty-six days

"66 days"

translationWords

Leviticus 12:6

When the days of her purification are finished

"When the days of the mother's purification are finished"

for a son or for a daughter

This refers to the different number of days for purification based on if she gave birth to a son or daughter.

translationWords

Leviticus 12:7-8

she will be cleansed from the flow of her blood

This can be translated in active form. AT: "this will cleanse her from her bleeding occurring during childbirth" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

If she is not able to afford a lamb

Translate this so it clarifies the woman's inability to purchase a sacrificial animal. AT: "If she does not have enough money to buy a lamb" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

then she will be clean

A woman whom other people may touch is spoken of as if she were physically clean. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 13

Leviticus 13:intro-0

Leviticus 13 General Notes

Special concepts in this chapter

# Skin disease

This chapter addresses the ways a priest was to decide if a person had a skin disease, which would make a person unclean. This was important because these diseases could have easily spread among the people in the ancient Near East. This is also true concerning things growing on clothing or things that touch a person's skin. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/priest.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/unclean.md]])

Leviticus 13:1-2

then he must be brought

This can be stated in active form. AT: "then someone must bring him" or "then he must go" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

to one of his sons

"to one of Aaron's sons"

translationWords

Leviticus 13:3-4

General Information:

Yahweh continues telling Moses and Aaron what the people must do.

skin of his body

Here "his" refers to the person with the skin disease.

infectious disease

a sickness that can spread easily from one person to another

he must pronounce him unclean

"the priest must pronounce the man unclean." The man whom other people must not touch is spoken of as if he were physically unclean. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

for seven days

"for 7 days" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 13:5-6

the priest must examine him

Here "him" refers to the person with the skin disease.

if it has not spread in the skin

This means if the skin disease has not increased in size or moved to other parts of the body.

seventh day

"day 7" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-ordinal/01.md]])

seven days

"7 days" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

the priest will pronounce him clean ... he is clean

The man whom other people may touch is spoken of as if he were physically clean. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

rash

This is an area of the skin that is irritated, but the rash will not spread to other people.

translationWords

Leviticus 13:7-8

he ... himself

This refers to the person with the skin disease.

the priest must pronounce him unclean

The man whom other people must not touch is spoken of as if he were physically unclean. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

infectious disease

See how you translated these words in Leviticus 13:3.

translationWords

Leviticus 13:9-11

he must be brought to the priest

The priests determined if a disease was spreading. This can be translated in active form. AT: "someone must bring him to the priest" or "he must go to the priest" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

if there is raw flesh in the swelling

Here "raw flesh" could refer to open sores on the skin or it could refer to new skin that has grown, but the area around it is still diseased. Either one indicates that the skin disease is not healing properly.

chronic skin disease

This is a disease that continues or reoccurs over a long period of time.

the priest must pronounce him unclean ... he is already unclean

The man whom other people must not touch is spoken of as if he were physically unclean. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 13:12-14

General Information:

Yahweh continues telling Moses and Aaron what the people must do when someone has a skin disease.

the priest must pronounce the person ... clean ... he will be unclean

The man whom other people may touch is spoken of as if he were physically clean and the man whom other people must not touch is spoken of as if he were physically unclean. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 13:15-17

The priest must ... pronounce him unclean because the raw flesh is unclean

The man whom other people must not touch is spoken of as if he were physically unclean. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

pronounce him unclean

Here "him" refers to the person with the skin disease.

raw flesh

See how you translated these words in Leviticus 13:10.

infectious disease

See how you translated these words in Leviticus 13:3.

the priest will pronounce that person to be clean

The man whom other people may touch is spoken of as if he were physically clean. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

translationWords

[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/priest.md]]

Leviticus 13:32-33

General Information:

Yahweh continues telling Moses and Aaron what the people must do when someone has a skin disease.

then he must be shaved, but the diseased area must not be shaved

This can be translated in active form. AT: "the person must shave the hair near the sore but not the hair on the sore" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/priest.md]]

Here "He" refers to both men and women in general. AT: "That person is clean" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-gendernotations/01.md]])

He is clean

The person whom other people may touch is spoken of as if he were physically clean. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 13:40-41

General Information:

Yahweh continues telling Moses and Aaron what the people must do when someone has a skin disease.

he is clean

The person whom other people may touch is spoken of as if he were physically clean. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

translationWords

[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/clean.md]]

Leviticus 13:42-44

General Information:

Yahweh continues telling Moses and Aaron what the people must do when someone has a skin disease.

infectious disease

See how you translated these words in Leviticus 13:3.

he is unclean ... pronounce him unclean

The person whom other people must not touch is spoken of as if he were physically unclean. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 13:45-46

General Information:

Yahweh continues telling Moses and Aaron what the people must do when someone has a skin disease.

outside the camp

The camp is the area where the majority of Israelites lived. The unclean person was not permitted to live among them because his disease may spread to others.

Unclean, unclean

The person whom other people must not touch is spoken of as if he were physically unclean. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 13:47-49

A garment that is contaminated with mildew

"A garment that has mildew on it" or "A garment that mildews"

contaminated

to become impure because something harmful has been added to it

mildew

a fungus, often white in color, that grows on things that are damp or moist

or anything woven or knitted

This can be translated in active form. AT: "or anything that someone has woven or knitted" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

if there is a greenish or reddish contamination in the garment

"if there is greenish or reddish mildew in the garment"

anything made with leather

This can be translated in active form. AT: "anything that someone made from leather" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

it must be shown to the priest

This can be translated in active form. AT: "the owner must show it to a priest" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/priest.md]]

Leviticus 13:50-52

seven days

"7 days" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

seventh day

"Seventh" is the ordinal number for 7. AT: "day 7" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-ordinal/01.md]])

anything in which leather is used

This can be translated in active form. AT: "anything in which a person uses leather" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

anything in which the harmful mildew is found

This can be translated in active form. AT: "anything on which he found the harmful mildew" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

the item is unclean

Something that God has declared to be unfit for people to touch is spoken of as if it were physically unclean. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

it can lead to disease

The harmful mildew could cause disease in a person who comes in contact with the item.

The item must be completely burned up

This can be translated in active form. AT: "He must burn the item completely" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 13:53-55

then he will command them

"then the priest will command the owners" Here the priest is telling the people what to do with household items that were possibly infected.

in which the mildew was found

This can be translated in active form. AT: "in which they found the mildew" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

after the mildewed item was washed

This can be translated in active form. AT: "after they washed the mildewed item" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

it is unclean

Something that God has declared to be unfit for people to touch is spoken of as if it were physically unclean. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

You must burn the item

Here "you" does not refer to the priest specifically. It just means someone must burn the object.

translationWords

Leviticus 13:56-58

after it was washed

This can be translated in active form. AT: "after the owner washed it" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

You must burn

Here "you" does not refer to the priest specifically. It just means someone must burn the item.

if you wash the item

This can be translated in active form. AT: "if the owner washes it" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

then the item must be washed

This can be translated in active form. AT: "then the owner must wash it" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

it will be clean

Something that God has declared to be fit for people to touch is spoken of as if it were physically clean. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 13:59

mildew in a garment ... made with leather

See how you translated these words in Leviticus 13:47-48.

so that you may pronounce it

"so that a priest may declare it"

clean or unclean

Something that God has declared to be fit for people to touch is spoken of as if it were physically clean and something that God has declared to be unfit for people to touch is spoken of as if it were physically unclean. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 14

Leviticus 14:intro-0

Leviticus 14 General Notes

Structure and formatting

This chapter is a continuation of the material in the previous chapter.

Special concepts in this chapter

# Skin disease and mildew

This chapter addresses the ways a priest was to decide if a person had a skin disease, which would make a person unclean. This was important because these diseases could have easily spread among the people in the ancient Near East. This was also true for the things which could have touched a person's skin. This chapter explains how the priest was to treat the person suffering with a skin disease. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/priest.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/unclean.md]])

Leviticus 14:1-2

General Information:

Yahweh tells Moses and Aaron what the people must do when someone is cleansed of a skin disease.

the day of his cleansing

This refers to the day on which the priest declares the person to be ritually clean.

He must be brought to the priest

This can be translated in active form. AT: "Someone must bring him to the priest" or "He must go to the priest" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 14:3-5

General Information:

Yahweh continues telling Moses and Aaron what the people must do when someone is cleansed of a skin disease.

infectious skin disease

See how you translated these words in Leviticus 13:3.

the one to be cleansed

This can be translated in active form. AT: "the person he is cleansing" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

clean birds

Birds that God allowed the people to eat and offer as sacrifices are spoken of as if they were physically clean. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

scarlet yarn

"red yarn"

hyssop

an herb with a pleasant smell that was used for medicine (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-unknown/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 14:6-7

General Information:

Yahweh continues telling Moses and Aaron what the people must do when someone is cleansed of a skin disease.

the bird that was killed

This can be translated in active form. AT: "the bird that the person killed" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

the person who is to be cleansed

This can be translated in active form. AT: "the person he is cleansing" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

the priest will pronounce him to be clean

The person whom other people may touch and who is acceptable for God's purposes is spoken of as if he were physically clean. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 14:8-9

General Information:

Yahweh tells Moses and Aaron what the people must do when someone is cleansed of a skin disease.

The person who is being cleansed

This can be translated in active form. AT: "The person whom the priest is cleansing" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

then he will be clean

The person whom other people may touch is spoken of as if he were physically clean. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 14:10-11

he must take

Here "he" refers to the man who was cleansed.

ephah

One ephah is 22 liters. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-bvolume/01.md]])

log

One log is 0.31 liters. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-bvolume/01.md]])

the person who is to be cleansed

This can be translated in active form. AT: "the person he is cleansing" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

him who is to be cleansed

This can be translated in active form. AT: "the person he is cleansing" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

he will be clean

The person whom other people may touch is spoken of as if he were physically clean. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 14:21-23

General Information:

Yahweh continues telling Moses and Aaron what the people must do when someone is cleansed of a skin disease.

cannot afford

"does not have enough money to buy"

to be waved ... for himself

This can be translated in active form. AT: "that the priest will wave ... for him" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

one-tenth of an ephah

One-tenth of an ephah is 22 liters. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-bvolume/01.md]])

log

One log is 0.31 liters. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-bvolume/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 14:24-25

in the land of your possession

The word "possession" can be translated as a verb. AT: "in the land that you possess" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-abstractnouns/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 14:36-38

so that nothing in the house will be made unclean

Once the priest declared the house to be unclean, everything in the house became unclean, as well. This can be translated in active form. AT: "so that he does not need to declare anything left in the house to be unclean" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

the house will be made unclean

The house that Yahweh has stated is unfit for people to touch or live in is spoken of as if it were physically unclean. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

in the depressions in the wall's surface

This means the priest is to determine whether mildew has gone deeper that just the surface of the walls.

Leviticus 14:45-47

The house must be torn down

This can be translated in active form. AT: "They must tear the house down" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

The stones, timber, and all the plaster in the house must be carried away

This can be translated in active form. AT: "They must carry away the stones, timber, and all the plaster in the house" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

whoever goes into the house ... will be unclean

A person whom other people may not touch and who is not acceptable for God's purposes because he has entered the house is spoken of as if the person were physically unclean. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

until evening

"until sunset"

translationWords

[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/clean.md]]

Leviticus 14:48

the house was plastered

This can be translated in active form. AT: "the owner put new clay on the stones" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

he will pronounce the house clean

A place that is fit for people to occupy is spoken of as if it were physically clean. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 14:49-51

cedar wood, and scarlet yarn, and hyssop

See how you translated these words in Leviticus 14:4.

the blood of the killed bird

This can be translated in active form. AT: "the blood of the bird that he killed" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 14:52-53

He will cleanse the house

"The priest will make the house ritually clean"

it will be clean

A house that is fit for people to occupy is spoken of as if it were physically clean. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 14:54-57

infectious skin disease

See how you translated these words in Leviticus 13:3.

mildew

See how you translated this word in Leviticus 13:47.

rash

See how you translated this word in Leviticus 13:6.

unclean or ... clean

People and items that other people may not touch are spoken of as if they were physically unclean, and those which people may touch are spoken of as if they were physically clean. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 15

Leviticus 15:intro-0

Leviticus 15 General Notes

Special concepts in this chapter

# Bodily fluid

This chapter discusses fluids that come out of the body. These fluids caused a person to be unclean because of their potential to cause diseases. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/unclean.md]])

# Cleanliness

While these rules about cleanliness are intended to benefit the Israelites and promote their health, they also were about making Israel into a separate and holy nation, different from the rest of the world. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/holy.md]])

Leviticus 15:1-3

comes out of his body

This refers to the man's private parts. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-euphemism/01.md]])

he becomes unclean

The person whom other people may not touch is spoken of as if he were physically unclean. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

it is unclean

"his body is unclean" or "he is unclean"

Something that Yahweh has stated is unfit to touch is spoken of as if it were physically unclean. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

translationWords

[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/clean.md]]

Leviticus 15:10-12

General Information:

Yahweh continues telling Moses and Aaron what the people must do to avoid infection.

that person

This refers to the person with the infected fluid.

will be unclean

The person whom other people may not touch is spoken of as if he were physically unclean. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

until evening

"until sunset"

Whomever he who has such a flow touches

"Whomever the person with the infected flow touches"

the person who was touched

This can be translated in active form. AT: "the person whom he touched" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

Any clay pot that the one with such a flow of fluid touches must be broken

This can be translated in active form. AT: "Someone must break any clay pot that the one with such a flow of fluid touches" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

every container of wood must be rinsed in water

This can be translated in active form. AT: "someone must rinse every wooden container in water" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/clean.md]]

Leviticus 15:13-15

is cleansed from his flow

The man recovering from his sickness is spoken of as if he becomes physically clean. This can be stated in active form. AT: "recovers from his flow" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

Then he will be clean

The man whom other people may touch is spoken of as if he were physically clean. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 15:16-18

unclean until evening

People and objects that other people must not touch are spoken of as if they were physically unclean. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

until evening

"until sunset"

Every garment ... must be washed with water

This can be translated in active form. AT: "Someone must wash with water every garment or leather on which there is semen" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 15:19-20

menstruates ... her period

Both of these refer to the time when blood flows from a woman's womb.

her impurity will continue

"she will continue to be impure"

will be unclean

People and objects that other people must not touch are spoken of as if they were physically unclean. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

translationWords

[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/clean.md]]

Leviticus 15:21-23

her bed

This refers to the woman who is menstruating.

that person will be unclean

The person whom other people may not touch is spoken of as if he were physically unclean. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

until evening

"until sunset"

translationWords

[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/clean.md]]

Leviticus 15:24

her impure flow

"her unclean flow" or "the blood from her womb"

will be unclean

People and objects that other people must not touch are spoken of as if they were physically unclean. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

translationWords

[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/other/sex.md]]

Leviticus 15:25-27

she will be as if she were in the days of her period

This means that if the woman bleeds from her womb at any time other than her regular menstruation time, she is still unclean just like during her menstruation.

She is unclean ... Whoever touches ... will be unclean

People whom other people may not touch are spoken of as if they were physically unclean. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

everything on which she sits will be unclean

Objects that other people must not touch are spoken of as if they were physically unclean. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

translationWords

[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/blood.md]]

Leviticus 15:28-30

But if she

The word "she" refers to the woman who is menstruating.

is cleansed from her flow of blood

The woman recovering from her bleeding is spoken of as if she becomes physically clean. This can be stated in active form. AT: "recovers from her flow of blood" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

she will be clean

The woman whom other people may touch is spoken of as if she were physically clean. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

she will take to her

"she will take for herself"

her unclean flow of blood

"her flow of blood that makes her unclean"

translationWords

Leviticus 15:31

This is how you must separate the people of Israel from their uncleanness

Yahweh speaks of preventing the people from becoming unclean as if it were keeping the people at a safe distance from uncleanness. The abstract noun "uncleanness" can be stated as "unclean." AT: "This is how you must prevent the people of Israel from becoming unclean" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-abstractnouns/01.md]])

their uncleanness

People whom other people may not touch and who are not acceptable for God's purposes are spoken of as if they were physically unclean. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 15:32-33

These are the regulations

"These are the things that must be done"

makes him unclean ... an unclean woman

People whom other people may not touch are spoken of as if they were physically unclean. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

who has a menstrual period

"who is menstruating" or "who is bleeding from her womb"

translationWords

Leviticus 16

Leviticus 16:intro-0

Leviticus 16 General Notes

Special concepts in this chapter

# Holiness

Because Yahweh is holy, he can only be approached in a certain way. This could only happen on a specific day, by a specific person, and only after they offered the proper sacrifice to make themselves clean. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/holy.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/clean.md]])

# Day of Atonement

This chapter gives rules for what the high priest had to do on the Day of Atonement. This was the most important day in Judaism. This is when he interceded for the sins of the people of Israel. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/highpriest.md]], [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/atonement.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/sin.md]])

Leviticus 16:1-2

translationWords

[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/blood.md]]

Leviticus 16:15-16

General Information:

Yahweh continues telling Moses what Aaron must do on the Day of Atonement.

He must sprinkle it on the atonement lid and then before the atonement lid

Aaron sprinkled the blood in the same manner that he did with the bull's blood. See how you translated the previous instructions in Leviticus 16:14.

He must make atonement for the holy place because of the unclean actions of the people of Israel

The sins of the people of Israel made the holy place unclean.

unclean actions ... rebellion ... sins

These words mean basically the same thing. They emphasize that the people have committed all kinds of sins.

unclean actions

Sinful actions which make people unacceptable to Yahweh are spoken of as if they were physically unclean actions. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

in the presence of their unclean actions

The phrase "their unclean actions" represents the people who commit sinful actions. AT: "in the presence of people who commit sinful actions" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 16:17-19

He must go out to the altar that is before Yahweh

This is the altar of sacrifice just inside the courtyard of the tabernacle.

make atonement for it

Like the holy place and tent of meeting, the altar is unclean because of the sins of the people.

horns of the altar

"the projections at the corners of the altar." This refers to the corners of the altar. They are shaped like the horns of an ox. See how you translated this in Leviticus 4:7.

to cleanse it

The altar being fit to be used for God's purposes is spoken of as if it were physically clean. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

set it apart to Yahweh, away from the unclean actions of the people of Israel

The altar being dedicated to Yahweh is spoken of as if it were physically separated from the sins of the people. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

the unclean actions

translationWords

Leviticus 16:20-22

he must present the live goat

This goat is called the scapegoat in verse Leviticus 16:10.

confess over him

"confess over the goat"

he must put that sinfulness on the head of the goat

Aaron's actions here were a symbolic transfer of the people's sin to the goat as a sign that the goat would bear the punishment for their guilt. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-symaction/01.md]])

wickedness ... rebellion ... sins

These all mean basically the same thing. Aaron is confessing every kind of sin that the people committed.

translationWords

Leviticus 16:23-24

take off the linen garments

These were the special garments Aaron wore only when he entered the most holy place.

He must bathe his body in water in a holy place

Here "holy place" does not refer to the tent of meeting. This was a different place set aside for him to bathe himself.

put on his normal garments

These are the clothes that Aaron wore for his ordinary duties.

translationWords

[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/other/peoplegroup.md]]

Leviticus 16:25-26

He must burn

"Aaron must burn"

The man who let the scapegoat go free must wash his clothes and bathe his body in water

The man was unclean because of his contact with the scapegoat, which carried the sin of the people.

scapegoat

"the goat that is sent away." See how you translated this in Leviticus 16:8.

translationWords

Leviticus 16:27-28

whose blood was brought

This can be translated in active form. AT: "whose blood Aaron brought" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

must be carried

This can be translated in active form. AT: "someone must carry" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

their hides

"their skins." Here "their" refers to the bull and the goat.

translationWords

Leviticus 16:29-31

for you

The word "you" is plural and refers to the people of Israel. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-you/01.md]])

in the seventh month, on the tenth day of the month

This is the seventh month of the Hebrew calendar. The tenth day is near the end of September on the western calendar. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-hebrewmonths/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-ordinal/01.md]])

atonement will be made for you

This can be translated in active form. AT: "Aaron will make atonement for you" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

to cleanse you ... so you will be clean

People who are acceptable for God's purposes are spoken of as if they were physically clean. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

It is a solemn Sabbath of rest for you

This is not the same as the Sabbath they observed every week on the seventh day. This was a special Sabbath on the Day of Atonement.

translationWords

Leviticus 16:32-33

the one who will be anointed and ordained

This can be translated in active form. AT: "the one they will anoint and ordain" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

in his father's place

When the high priest died, one of his sons would replace him.

the holy garments

These are special clothes the high priest must wear when he enters the most holy place.

for all the people of the assembly

"for all the people of Israel"

translationWords

Leviticus 16:34

General Information:

Yahweh finishes telling Moses what the people must do on the Day of Atonement.

This was done as Yahweh commanded Moses

This can be translated in active form. AT: "And Moses did as Yahweh commanded" or "And Aaron did as Yahweh commanded Moses" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 17

Leviticus 17:intro-0

Leviticus 17 General Notes

Special concepts in this chapter

# Sacrifices

Sacrifices could only be offered by the priests at the temple. Any other sacrifice was strictly prohibited. This was probably intended to ensure that the people were only offering sacrifices to Yahweh and not to another god. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/priest.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/falsegod.md]])

Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter

# "The life of each creature is its blood"

It is unclear why the life is described as being in the blood. It is possible that diseases were more common in the blood and this is why it was prohibited. Blood is also necessary for life to continue in a creature. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/life.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/blood.md]])

Leviticus 17:1-4

before his tabernacle

"before Yahweh's tabernacle"

that man must be cut off from among his people

A person being excluded from his community is spoken of as if he had been cut off from his people, as one would cut a piece of cloth or cut a branch from a tree. This can be translated in active form. See how you translated this in Leviticus 7:20. AT: "that person may no longer live among his people" or "you must separate that person from his people" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 17:5-6

to the priest to be sacrificed

This can be translated in active form. AT: "to the priest so he may sacrifice them" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

then he must carry his guilt

A person's guilt is spoken of as if it were a physical object that the person carries. Here the word "guilt" represents the punishment for that guilt. AT: "then he is responsible for his own guilt" or "then I will punish him for his sin" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 18

Leviticus 18:intro-0

Leviticus 18 General Notes

Special concepts in this chapter

# Sexual morality

This chapter gives certain standards for sexual morality.

Leviticus 18:1-3

Leviticus 19:intro-0

Leviticus 19 General Notes

Special concepts in this chapter

# Obeying Yahweh

Being holy meant obeying Yahweh in all matters of a person's life. It is not limited to offering correct sacrifices. The law helped to establish righteousness in a person's life, as well as justice in Israel. In Israel, these concepts are closely related. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/holy.md]], [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/righteous.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/justice.md]])

Leviticus 19:1-4

keep my Sabbaths

"observe my Sabbaths" or "respect my day of rest"

Do not turn to worthless idols

Worshiping idols is spoken of as if it were physically turning towards them. AT: "Do not begin to worship worthless idols" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 19:5-8

General Information:

Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.

you must offer it that you may be accepted

This can be translated in active form. Possible meanings are 1) Yahweh will accept the person offering the sacrifice. AT: "you must offer it properly so that I will accept you" or 2) Yahweh will accept the sacrifice from the person. AT: "you must offer it properly so that I will accept your sacrifice" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

it must not be accepted

To eat the offering after the designated time is against God and increases the guilt the offering was to cover. This can be translated in active form. AT: "You may not accept it for eating" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

everyone ... must carry his own guilt

A person's guilt is spoken of as if it were a physical object that the person carries. Here the word "guilt" represents the punishment for that guilt. AT: "everyone ... is responsible for his own guilt" or "Yahweh will punish everyone ... for his sin" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

Do not hate your brother in your heart

Continually hating a person is spoken of as if it were hating a person in the heart. AT: "Do not continually hate your brother" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

You must honestly rebuke your neighbor

"You must correct a person who is sinning"

translationWords

Leviticus 19:19

General Information:

Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.

clothing made of two kinds of material mixed together

This can be translated in active form. AT: "clothing that someone made from two kinds of material" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 19:20-22

who is promised to a husband

This can be translated in active form. AT: "who is engaged to marry another man" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

but who has not been ransomed or given her freedom

This can be translated in active form. AT: "but whom her future husband has not ransomed or given her freedom" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

they must be punished

This can be translated in active form. AT: "you must punish the slave girl and the man who slept with her" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

They must not be put to death

This can be translated in active form. AT: "You must not kill them" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

A man must bring his guilt offering to Yahweh to the entrance to the tent of meeting—a ram as a guilt offering

"A man must bring a ram as a guilt offering to Yahweh to the entrance of the tent of meeting"

the sin which he has committed will be forgiven

This can be translated in active form. AT: "Yahweh will forgive the sin which he has committed" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 19:23-25

General Information:

Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.

then you must regard the fruit they produce as forbidden to be eaten ... It must not be eaten

Yahweh repeats the prohibition in order to emphasize it and to clarify that it is in force for the first three years that the tree bears fruit. Translate this to clarify the period of time the trees must be left alone. AT: "then you must not eat the fruit of the trees for the first three years" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-parallelism/01.md]])

you must regard the fruit they produce as forbidden to be eaten

This can be translated in active form. AT: "you must regard the fruit they produce as something that I have forbidden you to eat" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

The fruit must be forbidden to you

This can be translated in active form. AT: "I have forbidden the fruit to you" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

It must not be eaten

This can be translated in active form. AT: "You must not eat it" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 19:26-28

translationWords

Leviticus 19:29-30

Structure and formatting

# Punishments for serious sins

This chapter compiles a list of serious sins. The most serious sins are punished by death. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/sin.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/other/death.md]])

Important figures of speech in this chapter

# Euphemism

"To see someone's nakedness" means to live as husband and wife. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-euphemism/01.md]])

# Metaphor

The phrase "you must carry your own guilt" is a metaphor. It is unknown what this means, but it is possible it indicates a penalty of death.

Leviticus 20:1-2

gives any of his children to Molech

Those who worshiped Molech sacrificed their children to him by means of fire. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. AT: "kills any of his children as a sacrifice to Molech" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

must certainly be put to death. The people in the land must stone him with stones

This can be translated in active form. AT: "the people in the land must stone him to death" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 20:3-5

I also will set my face against that man

This idiom means he "firmly decided." AT: "I have made up my mind to oppose that man" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-idiom/01.md]])

will set my face against

"will stare angrily at"

he has given his child

"he has sacrificed his child"

so as to defile my holy place and profane my holy name

"and by doing that, he has defiled my holy place and profaned my holy name"

profane my holy name

God's name represents God and his reputation. AT: "dishonor my reputation" or "dishonor me" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

close their eyes to

The phrase "to close their eyes" implies they "cannot see." This speaks of ignoring something as not seeing. AT: "disregard" or "ignore" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

who prostitutes himself in order to play the harlot with Molech

This phrase compares those who are unfaithful to Yahweh to prostitutes. AT: "who is unfaithful to Yahweh" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 20:6-7

so as to prostitute themselves with them

This phrase compares the unfaithful people to prostitutes. AT: "by doing that, they seek advice from the spirits rather than from me" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

I will set my face against that person

This idiom means he "firmly decided." AT: "I have made up my mind that I will oppose that person" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-idiom/01.md]])

will set my face against

"will stare angrily at"

translationWords

Leviticus 20:8-9

General Information:

Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.

You must keep my commands and carry them out

The words "keep" and "carry out" mean basically the same thing. They are used together in order to emphasize that the people must obey God. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-parallelism/01.md]])

must surely be put to death

This can be translated in active form. AT: "you must surely put to death" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 20:10-12

The man who commits adultery with another man's wife, that is, anyone who commits adultery with his neighbor's wife

The full meaning of this can be made explicit. AT: "The man who commits adultery with someone else's wife" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

certainly be put to death

This can be translated in active form. AT: "you must certainly put both of them to death" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

lies with his father's wife

This is a polite way of saying that he had sex with his father's wife. Some languages use more direct phrases such as "has sex with his father's wife." (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-euphemism/01.md]])

the land into which I am bringing you to live will not vomit you up

This phrase describes the land as a vomiting person who needs to reject bad food. Instead of rejecting bad food, the land rejects the people and removes them. See how you translated this metaphor in Leviticus 18:25. AT: "the land to which I am bringing you will not reject you" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-personification/01.md]])

You must not walk in

Doing the actions of idol worshipers is spoken of as walking in their ways. AT: "you must not follow" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

drive out

"remove"

translationWords

Leviticus 20:24-25

a land flowing with milk and honey

The phrase "flowing with milk and honey" means "that is rich and productive with enough food for everyone." AT: "a land that is excellent for cattle and farming" or "a productive land" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-idiom/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 20:26

I have separated you

"I have distinguished you" or "I have set you apart"

Leviticus 21:4-6

corners

"edges" or "any part"

They must be holy

"They must be set apart"

not disgrace the name of their God

This word "name" is used to represent Yahweh's character. AT: "not disgrace God's reputation" or "not disgrace their God" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

the bread of their God

Here "bread" represents food in general. Yahweh does not actually eat these offerings. It is the sincerity of those offering the food that pleases God. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-synecdoche/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 21:7-9

They must not

"The priests must not"

for they are separate

"for they are set apart"

You will set him apart

"You people must treat the priest as holy"

for he is the one who offers bread to your God

Here "bread" represents food in general. Yahweh does not actually eat these offerings. Translate this in a way that makes it clear that Yahweh does not actually eat the food. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-synecdoche/01.md]])

He must be holy to you

This can be stated in active form. AT: "You must regard him as holy" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

She must be burned

This can be stated in active form. AT: "You must burn her to death" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 21:10-12

General Information:

Yahweh continues telling Moses what the priests must do.

anointing oil

This is a reference to the anointing oil used in the ceremony consecrating a new the high priest. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

on whose head the anointing oil has been poured, and who has been consecrated

This can be stated in active form. AT: "on whose head they poured anointing oil and consecrated him" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

must not wear his hair loose or tear his clothes

Loose hair and torn clothes were signs of mourning. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

must not leave the sanctuary area

This does not mean the high priest could never leave. God did not allow him to leave in order to grieve over someone who died. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 21:13-15

from his own people

"from among his own tribe, the tribe of Levi"

he will not defile his children among his people

By marrying an unholy or ungodly woman, the priest would have children unworthy to be priest. AT: "that he will not have unworthy children by marrying an ungodly woman" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-idiom/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 21:16-17

he must not approach to offer the food to his God

The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. AT: "he must not come to burn the burnt offering of food on God's altar" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 21:18-21

must not approach Yahweh

A priest had to meet specific physical standards in order to approach Yahweh. This does not imply that physical defects were the result of immorality or that all people with physical defects are unable to approach Yahweh.

one who is disfigured or deformed

"one whose body or face is deformed"

to offer the bread of his God

Here "bread" represents food in general. AT: "to make burnt offering of food on God's altar" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-synecdoche/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 21:22-24

He may

Here "he" refers to the priest with the bodily defect.

eat the food of his God

"eat the food offering of his God." Parts of the sacrifices belonged to the priests and could be eaten.

some of the most holy or some of the holy

This also refers to the food that was sacrificed. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. AT: "some of the sacrifices offered in the most holy place or some of the sacrifices offered in the holy place" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

to his sons

"to Aaron's sons"

translationWords

Leviticus 22

Leviticus 22:intro-0

Leviticus 22 General Notes

Structure and formatting

# Holy things

Priests who are unclean must not touch any holy thing. The things in the temple and involved in sacrifices must remain clean. An unclean priest would cause anything he touched to become unclean. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/priest.md]], [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/unclean.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/holy.md]])

Leviticus 22:1-3

translationWords

Leviticus 22:17-19

an alien

"a foreigner"

if it is to be accepted

This can be stated in active form. AT: "if Yahweh is to accept it" or "if I, Yahweh, am to accept it" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 22:20-21

to be accepted

This can be stated in active form. AT: "for me to accept it" or "for Yahweh to accept it" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 22:22-23

disabled, or maimed

These words refer to defects caused by accidents.

warts, sores, or scabs

These refer to types of skin diseases.

will not be accepted

This can be stated in active form. AT: "I will not accept" or "Yahweh will not accept" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

deformed or small

These words refer to defects the animal has from birth.

translationWords

Leviticus 22:24-25

must not present the bread of your God

Here "bread" represents food in general. God did not actually eat the sacrifices. Priests would offer the sacrifice on God's altar, and they would eat some of the meat. AT: "must not present an animal as a food offering to your God" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-synecdoche/01.md]])

from the hand of a foreigner

The word "hand" represents the whole person. It is implied that Israelites could not use animals as a sacrifice to God if they bought it from a foreigner, because foreigners castrated their animals making them unacceptable to God. AT: "that a foreigner has given you, because they castrate their animals" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-synecdoche/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

they will not be accepted for you

This can be stated in active form. AT: "Yahweh will not accept them from you" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 22:26-27

it may be accepted

This can be stated in active form. AT: "you may accept it" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

for an offering made by fire

This can be stated in active form. AT: "for a burnt offering" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 22:28-30

It must be eaten

This can be stated in active form. AT: "You must eat it" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

that it is sacrificed

This can be stated in active form. AT: "that you sacrificed it" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 22:31-33

keep my commandments and carry them out

The words "keep" and "carry out" mean the same thing. They emphasize that the people must obey God's commands. AT: "obey my commandments" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-doublet/01.md]])

You must not dishonor my holy name

Here the word "name" represents Yahweh himself and his reputation. AT: "You must not dishonor me" or "You must not dishonor my holy reputation" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

I must be acknowledged as holy by the people of Israel

This can be stated in active form. AT: "The people of Israel must acknowledge me as holy" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 23

Leviticus 23:intro-0

Leviticus 23 General Notes

Structure and formatting

# The feasts

The people should celebrate the Sabbath, the Passover, the Feast of First Fruits, the Feast of Weeks, the Feast of Trumpets, the Day of Atonement and the Feast of Booths. These feasts were important for the religious life of Israel. They were a part of proper worship of Yahweh and the identity of Israel. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/sabbath.md]], [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/passover.md]], [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/other/firstfruit.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/atonement.md]])

This can be stated in active form. AT: "for Yahweh to accept it" or "and I will accept it" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 23:12-14

translationWords

Leviticus 23:22

General Information:

Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.

When you reap the harvest of your land, you must not completely reap the corners of your fields

"When you gather your crops, do not gather them all the way to the edges of your fields"

translationWords

Leviticus 23:23-25

the seventh month, the first day of that month

This is the seventh month of the Hebrew calendar. The first day is near the middle of September on Western calendars. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-hebrewmonths/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-ordinal/01.md]])

a solemn rest

a period of time that was only for worship and not for work

you must offer a sacrifice made by fire to Yahweh

This can be stated in active form. AT: "you must offer a sacrifice that you make by fire to Yahweh" or "you must burn an offering on the altar to Yahweh" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 23:26-27

tenth day of this seventh month

This is the seventh month of the Hebrew calendar. The tenth day is near the end of September on Western calendars. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-hebrewmonths/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-ordinal/01.md]])

the Day of Atonement

On this day each year the high priest made a sacrifice to Yahweh so that Yahweh would forgive all the sins of the people of Israel. AT: "the Day of Sacrifice for Forgiveness" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-unknown/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 23:28-29

Connecting Statement:

Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do every year.

must be cut off from his people

Being excluded is spoken of as being cut off. See how you translated this idea in Leviticus 7:20. AT: "must be excluded from his people" or "you must separate that person from his people" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 23:30-32

Connecting Statement:

Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do every year.

on that day

"on the Day of Atonement"

This will be a permanent statute throughout your people's generations

This means that they and their descendants must obey this command forever. See how you translated a similar phrase in Leviticus 3:17.

This is the seventh month of the Hebrew calendar. The fifteenth day is near the beginning of October on Western calendars. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-hebrewmonths/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-ordinal/01.md]])

when you have gathered in the fruits

The word "fruits" here represents various kinds of crops. AT: "after you have gathered the crops" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-synecdoche/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 23:40-41

General Information:

Yahweh continues his instructions for the Festival of Shelters.

branches of palm trees ... willows from streams

Possible uses for these branches are 1) to make temporary shelters or 2) to wave them as part of their joyous celebration. Some translations state their use clearly; other translations leave it implicit. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

willows

trees with long, narrow leaves, which grow near water (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-unknown/01.md]])

Leviticus 24:3-4

Connecting Statement:

God continues giving Moses instructions about the things in the tent of meeting.

Outside the curtain before the covenant decrees

The phrase "covenant decrees" represents either the tablets that the decrees were written on or the box that the tablets were put in. These were kept in the very holy place, which was the room behind the curtain in the tent of meeting. AT: "Outside the curtain that is in front of the tablets of the covenant decrees" or "Outside the curtain that is in front of the box of the covenant" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-synecdoche/01.md]])

curtain

This was a thick fabric hung as a wall. It was not like a light window curtain.

from evening to morning

"from sunset to sunrise" or "all night"

This will be a permanent statute throughout your people's generations

This means that they and their descendants must obey this command forever. See how you translated a similar phrase in Leviticus 3:17.

translationWords

Leviticus 24:5-6

Connecting Statement:

God continues giving Moses instructions about the things in the tent of meeting.

two-tenths of an ephah

This is about 4.5 liters. AT: "four and a half liters" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-bvolume/01.md]])

the table of pure gold before Yahweh

This table is in the holy place, which is before the most holy place.

Leviticus 24:7-9

Connecting Statement:

God continues giving Moses instructions about the things in the tent of meeting.

You must put pure incense along each row of loaves

The incense was probably next to the loaves, rather than directly on the loaves. AT: "You must put pure incense next to the loaves in each row" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

as a representative offering

What the incense would represent can be stated clearly. AT: "to represent the loaves as an offering" or "to be an offering that represents the loaves" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

This incense will be burnt for Yahweh

This can be stated in active form. AT: "You will burn the incense for Yahweh" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

This offering

"This bread that is offered"

for it is a portion from the offerings

"for they took it from the offerings"

the offerings to Yahweh made by fire

"the burnt offerings to Yahweh" or "the offerings that you burn to Yahweh"

translationWords

Leviticus 24:10-12

Now it happened

This phrase marks a new section of the book.

blasphemed the name of Yahweh and cursed God

Both of these phrases mean basically the same thing. AT: "blasphemed Yahweh by cursing him" or "said terrible things about Yahweh" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-parallelism/01.md]])

Shelomith

This is the name of a woman. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Dibri

This is the name of a man. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 24:13-14

All who heard him must lay their hands on his head

They were to put their hands on his head to show that he was the guilty one. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-symaction/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 24:15-16

Connecting Statement:

God continues telling Moses what they must do to the man who cursed God.

must carry his own guilt

Suffering for sin is spoken of if a person were to carry his guilt. AT: "must suffer for his sin" or "must be punished (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

must surely be put to death

This can be stated in active form. AT: "the people must surely put him to death" or "the people must surely kill him" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 24:17-18

Connecting Statement:

God continues telling Moses what the people must do when someone does something bad.

he must certainly be put to death.

This can be stated in active form. AT: "You must certainly put to death anyone who kills another person" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

must pay it back

How he would pay it back can be stated clearly. AT: "must pay it back by giving him a live animal" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

life for life

This is an idiom that means that one life would replace the other. AT: "one life to replace the other life" or "to replace the one that he killed" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-idiom/01.md]])

translationWords

[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/life.md]]

Leviticus 24:19-21

Connecting Statement:

God continues telling Moses what the people must do when someone does something bad.

it must be done to him

This can be stated in active form. AT: "you must do to him" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

fracture for fracture, eye for eye, tooth for tooth

These phrases emphasize that a person should receive the same harm he did to someone else.

fracture for fracture

This refers to broken bones. AT: "broken bone for broken bone" or "If he breaks someone's bone, one of his bones must be broken" or "If he breaks someone's bone, they will break one of his bones" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-idiom/01.md]])

eye for eye

This refers to eyes being seriously injured or gouged out. AT: "If he destroys someone's eye, one of his bones must be destroyed" or "If he destroys someone's eye, they will destroy his eye" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-idiom/01.md]])

tooth for tooth

This refers to teeth being knocked out of the mouth. AT: "If he knocks out someone's tooth, one of his teeth must be knocked out" or "If he knocks out someone's tooth, they will knock out one of his teeth" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-idiom/01.md]])

anyone who kills a person must be put to death

This can be stated in active form. AT: "they must put to death anyone who kills a person" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/other/neighbor.md]]

Leviticus 24:22-23

carried out the command

"obeyed the command"

translationWords

Leviticus 25

Leviticus 25:intro-0

Leviticus 25 General Notes

Special concepts in this chapter

# Over-farming

There is a provision made in this chapter to prevent over-farming of the land. If a land is farmed every year with the same crops, it will quickly become unable to grow anything.

# Sabbath and Jubilee Years

Every seventh year, the land should not be planted. Every fiftieth year Israelite slaves must be freed and all land that has been bought returned to its original owners. This prevented people from getting trapped by their poverty.

Leviticus 25:1-2

the land must be made to keep a Sabbath for Yahweh

The land is spoken of as if it were a person that could obey the Sabbath by resting. Just as the people had to rest every seventh day, people were to honor God by not farming the land every seventh year. AT: "you must obey the Sabbath law by letting the land rest every seventh year for Yahweh" or "you must obey Yahweh's Sabbath by not farming the land every seventh year" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-personification/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 25:3-4

prune your vineyard

To prune a vineyard is to cut the branches and vines to help the fruit grow better.

a Sabbath of solemn rest for the land must be observed

Not farming the land is spoken of as letting the land rest. This can be stated in active form. AT: "you must observe a Sabbath of solemn rest for the land" or "you must obey the Sabbath law by not farming the land every seventh year" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 25:5-7

You must not conduct ... who live with you may gather food

In 25:5-6 Yahweh means he will not allow the owner of a field to organize his workers and harvest the land as he does the other six years. However, Yahweh will allow individuals to go through the fields to pick and eat the fruit they find.

your unpruned vines

This means that no one has taken care of the vines and cut them as they do during the other six years. This can be stated in active form. AT: "your vines that you do not prune" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

Whatever the unworked land grows

"whatever grows on the unworked land"

the unworked land

This means that no one has taken care of the gardens or farms as they do during the other six years. This can be stated in active form. AT: "your gardens that you do not tend" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

whatever the land produces

"whatever grows on the land"

translationWords

Leviticus 25:8-9

General Information:

Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.

there will be seven Sabbaths of years

"they will be seven sets of seven years"

forty-nine years

"49 years" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

the tenth day of the seventh month

the Day of Atonement

On this day each year the high priest would make a sacrifice to Yahweh so that Yahweh would forgive all the sins of the people of Israel. See how you translated this in Leviticus 23:27.

translationWords

Leviticus 25:10

fiftieth year

This is an ordinal number. AT: "year 50" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

God continues telling Moses what the people must do.

that can be harvested

This can be stated in active form. AT: "that you can harvest" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

the next Jubilee

"the next year of restoration" or "the next year to return land"

translationWords

Leviticus 25:18-19

obey my decrees, keep my laws, and carry them out

All of these phrases mean basically the same thing. They emphasize that the people must obey everything Yahweh says. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-parallelism/01.md]])

you will eat your fill

This means that they would eat enough until their stomach was full. AT: "you will eat till you are full" or "you will eat plenty" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-idiom/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 25:20-22

You might say

Here "You" refers to the people of Israel. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-you/01.md]])

I will command my blessing to come upon you

God speaks of his blessing as if it were a person that could obey him. AT: "I will send my blessing on you" or "I will bless you" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-personification/01.md]])

from the provisions stored

This can be stated in active form. AT: "from the food you store" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 25:23-25

General Information:

Yahweh continues speaking.

The land must not be sold to a new permanent owner

This can be stated in active form. AT: "You must not sell your land permanently to another person" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

You must observe the right of redemption

The noun "redemption" can be expressed with the verbs "redeem" or "buy back." AT: "You must remember that the original owner has the right to redeem the land whenever he wants" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-abstractnouns/01.md]])

you must allow the land to be bought back by the family from whom you bought it

This can be stated in active form. AT: "you must allow the family from whom you bought the land to buy it back" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 25:26-28

the land was sold

This can be stated in active form. AT: "he sold the land" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

repay the balance to the man to whom he sold it

This can be made explicit. AT: "repay to the purchaser who bought it the money the purchaser would have made" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

the year of Jubilee

"the year of restoration" or "the year to return land." See how you translated it in Leviticus 25:10.

the land will be returned

This can be stated in active form. AT: "the one who had bought it will return the land" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

will return to his property

"will go back to his land"

translationWords

[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/other/prosper.md]]

Leviticus 25:29-30

This can be stated in active form. AT: "after the foreigner buys your fellow Israelite, someone in the Israelite's family may buy him back" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/redeem.md]]

Leviticus 25:49-50

until the year of Jubilee

An Israelite could be a slave only until the year of Jubilee. These instructions are for when an Israelite wanted to buy back his freedom before the year of Jubilee.

the year of Jubilee

"the year of restoration" or "the year to return land and to free slaves"

The price of his redemption must be figured

The verb "figured" can be stated in active form. AT: "They must figure the price of his redemption" or "They must figure how much to pay for the foreigner to set the Israelite free" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

in keeping with the rate paid to a hired servant

If the Israelite bought back his freedom, the foreigner would have to hire a servant to do the work that the Israelite would have done but will not. The verbs "paid" and "hired" can be expressed in active form. AT: "according to the rate a person would pay to hire a servant" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

for the number of years he might continue to work

"for the number of years until the jubilee that the Israelite would have continued to work but will not"

translationWords

Leviticus 25:51-52

he must pay back

"the Israelite slave must pay back"

translationWords

Leviticus 25:53-55

He is to be treated

This can be stated in active form. AT: "The foreigner who bought him as a slave must treat him" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

he is not treated with harshness

This can be stated in active form. AT: "no one treats him badly" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

If he is not redeemed by these means

This can be stated in active form, and who he is to be redeemed from can be stated clearly. AT: "If no one redeems him by these means from the one who bought him as a slave" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

by these means

"in this way"

he must serve until the year of Jubilee, he and his children with him

The Israelite slave and his children would serve the foreigner until the year of Jubilee, and then the foreigner would have to set the Israelite and his children free.

To me the people of Israel are servants

"For it is to me that the people of Israel are servants." This is the reason that God wanted the Israelites to be set free in the year of jubilee. They were his servants. They were not permitted to be anyone else's permanent slave.

translationWords

Leviticus 26

Leviticus 26:intro-0

Leviticus 26 General Notes

Special concepts in this chapter

# Worship only Yahweh

If people obey God and worship only him, he will bless and protect them. If people disobey his law and if they worship other gods, then he will severely punish them to help them to repent and begin obeying him. This takes the form of a promise. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/lawofmoses.md]], [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/repent.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/promise.md]])

Leviticus 26:1-2

General Information:

Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.

keep my Sabbaths

"obey the rules for my Sabbaths"

translationWords

Leviticus 26:3-4

walk in my laws and keep my commandments and obey them

These are three ways of saying the same thing. They emphasize that the people must obey everything that God commands them to do. AT: "If you carefully obey my laws and commands" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-parallelism/01.md]])

walk in my laws

Behaving according to the laws is spoken of as if they were to walk in the laws. AT: "If you behave according to my laws" or "if you live according to my laws" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 26:5-6

will eat your bread to the full

Here bread represents food. "To the full" means until their stomachs were full of food. AT: "will eat food until you are full" or "will have plenty of food to eat" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-synecdoche/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-idiom/01.md]])

I will give peace in the land

"I will cause there to be peace in the land"

the sword will not pass through your land

Here the word "sword" represents enemy armies or enemy attacks. AT: "no armies will attack you" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 26:7-8

they will fall before you by the sword

Here "falling" represents dying, and "the sword" represents either attacking people with a sword or battle in general. AT: "they will die when you attack them with the sword" or "you will kill them in battle" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

Five of you will chase away a hundred, and a hundred of you will chase ten thousand

This means the Israelites will have victory against larger armies.

Five ... hundred ... ten thousand

"5 ... 100 ... 10,000" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

translationWords

[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/other/adversary.md]]

"will slowly take away your life" or "will slowly make you die." It is the diseases and the fever that will do this.

You will plant your seeds for nothing

The phrase "for nothing" means that they would get nothing from their work. AT: "You will plant your seeds in vain" or "You will plant your seeds, but you will not get anything from them" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-idiom/01.md]])

I will set my face against you

This idiom means he "firmly decided." AT: "I have made up my mind to oppose you" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-idiom/01.md]])

you will be overpowered by your enemies

This can be stated in active form. AT: "your enemies will defeat you" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 26:18-20

seven times

Here "seven times" is not literal. It means Yahweh will increase the severity of his punishment. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-idiom/01.md]])

I will break your pride in your power

Using force to cause them not to be proud is spoken of as if he were to break their pride. AT: "I will punish you and so end the pride that you feel about your power" or "I will punish you so that you will no longer be proud of your power" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

I will make the sky over you like iron and your land like bronze

This means God will stop the rain from falling from the sky. This will make the ground hard so that people cannot plant seed or grow crops. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-simile/01.md]])

Your strength will be used up for nothing

Working very hard is spoken of as if they were to use all their strength until they had no more strength. The phrase "for nothing" means that they would get nothing from working so hard. AT: "You will work very hard in vain" or "You will work very hard, but you will not receive anything good from working so hard" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-idiom/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 26:21-22

walk against me

Walking represents behavior. Walking against God represents opposing him or rebelling against him. AT: "rebel against me" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

I will bring seven times more blows on you

The abstract noun "blows" can be stated as the verb "hit." AT: "I will hit you seven times as much" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-abstractnouns/01.md]])

I will bring seven times more blows on you

Yahweh causing disasters to happen to the Israelites is spoken of as if he would strike them with blows or hit them. AT: "I will cause seven times as many disasters to come against you" or "I will punish you seven times more severely" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

seven times

Here "seven times" is not literal. It means Yahweh will increase the severity of his punishment. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-idiom/01.md]])

in proportion to your sins

The noun "sins" can be expressed with the verb "sin." AT: "according to how much you have sinned" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-abstractnouns/01.md]])

which will steal your children

Stealing represents attacking or attacking and dragging them away. AT: "which will attack your children" or "which will drag your children away" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

So your roads will become deserted

"So no one will travel on your roads." Deserted means that there is no one there.

translationWords

Leviticus 26:23-24

If in spite of these things

"If when I punish you like this" or "If I discipline you like this and"

you still do not accept my correction

Accepting his correction represents responding rightly to it. In this case responding rightly to it is choosing to obey him. AT: "you still do not listen to my correction" or "you still do not obey me" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

walk in opposition to me

Walking represents behavior. Walking in opposition to him means opposing him or fighting against him. AT: "oppose me" or "fight against me" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

I will also walk in opposition to you

Walking represents behavior. Walking in opposition to them means opposing them or fighting against them. AT: "I also will oppose you" or "I also will fight against you" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

I myself will punish you seven times

The number 7 represents completeness. AT: "I will personally punish you many times" or "I myself will punish you most severely"

because of your sins

The noun "sins" can be expressed with the verb "sin." AT: "because you continue to sin against me" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-abstractnouns/01.md]])

translationWords

[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/other/walk.md]]

Leviticus 26:25-26

I will bring a sword on you

Here the word "sword" represents an army or an attack from an army. AT: "I will bring an enemy army against you" or "I will cause an enemy army to attack you" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

that will execute vengeance

"that will punish you"

for breaking the covenant

"for disobeying the covenant" or "because you disobey the covenant"

You will be gathered together

This can be stated in active form. AT: "You will gather together" or "You will hide" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

you will be delivered into the hand of your enemy

Here "into the hand" means "into the control" and refers to defeat by their enemy. This can be stated in active form. AT: "your enemy will defeat you" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

When I cut off your food supply

Destroying the food that people have stored or stopping people from being able to get it is spoken of as cutting off the supply of food. AT: "When I destroy the food you have stored" or "When I stop you from being able to get food" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

ten women will be able to bake your bread in one oven

This implies that there will be so little flour that one small oven will be able to hold all the bread that many women can put into it.

they will distribute your bread by weight

This means there will be so little food that they will have to measure how much each person gets.

translationWords

Leviticus 26:27-28

If you do not listen to me

Listening represents obeying what he has said. AT: "If you do not obey me" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

to walk against me

Walking represents behavior. Walking against someone represents opposing him or fighting against him. AT: "to oppose me" or "to fight against me" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

I will walk against you

Walking represents behavior. Walking against someone represents opposing him or fighting against him. AT: "I will oppose you" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

I will punish you even seven more times as much

Here "seven more times" is not literal. It means Yahweh will increase the severity of his punishment. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-idiom/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 26:29-30

I will destroy ... cut down ... throw your corpses

Because God would send an army to do these things, he speaks as if he would do them. AT: "I will send an enemy army to destroy ... cut down ... throw your corpses" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

your corpses

"your dead bodies"

the corpses of your idols

God speaks of idols not being alive as if they had been alive and then died. AT: "your lifeless idols" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

their fathers' sins

Here "their fathers" represents their ancestors. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 26:40-42

their fathers' sin

The word "fathers" represents their ancestors. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

their treason by which they were unfaithful to me

walking against me

Walking represents behavior. Walking against God represents opposing him or rebelling against him. AT: "opposing me" or "rebelling against me" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

to turn against them

This represents opposing them. AT: "to oppose them" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

if their uncircumcised hearts become humbled

Here the term "uncircumcised hearts" refers to the whole person. AT: "if they will be humble instead of stubbornly disobedient" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-synecdoche/01.md]])

then will I call to mind my covenant with Jacob, my covenant with Isaac, and my covenant with Abraham

"Call to mind" here is an idiom meaning "intentionally remember." Here it represents fulfilling his covenant. AT: "then I will fulfill the covenant I made with Jacob, Isaac, and Abraham" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-idiom/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

I will call the land to mind

"Call to mind" here is an idiom meaning "intentionally remember." Here it represents fulfilling his promise concerning the land. AT: "I will fulfill my promise about the land" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-idiom/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 26:43

The land will be abandoned by them

This can be stated in active form. AT: "The people of Israel will abandon their land" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

so it will be pleased with its Sabbaths

Yahweh speaks about the land as if it were a person who is happy about resting, because no one will be planting seed or growing crops on it. This will allow the land to become more fertile. AT: "so it will benefit from the Sabbaths" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-personification/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 26:44-45

General Information:

This concludes Yahweh's message to Moses at Mount Sinai regarding the blessings for obedience and the punishments for disobedience.

I will call to mind the covenant with their ancestors

"Call to mind" here is an idiom meaning "intentionally remember." Here it represents fulfilling his covenant. AT: "I will fulfill the covenant with their ancestors" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-idiom/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

in the sight of the nations

This represents the knowledge of the nations. AT: "in the knowledge of the nations" or "and the nations knew about it" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

the nations

This represents the people of the nations. AT: "the people of the nations" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 26:46

translationWords

Leviticus 27

Leviticus 27:intro-0

Leviticus 27 General Notes

Special concepts in this chapter

# Dedicated to Yahweh

This chapter records the manner in which people make vows of dedication to Yahweh. There are many reasons why a person would dedicate something to Yahweh. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/vow.md]])

Leviticus 27:1-2

If anyone makes a special vow to Yahweh

In this case the vow would involve giving oneself or another person to God. This can be stated clearly. AT: "If anyone vows to give someone to Yahweh" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

use the following valuations

Instead of giving the person, he would give the Lord a certain amount of silver. AT "use the following values as your gift to the Lord in place of the person" or "give the Lord the following amounts of silver instead of the person" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 27:3-4

Your standard value

"The amount to pay" or "You must pay"

twenty ... sixty ... fifty ... thirty

"20 ... 60 ... 50 ... 30" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

fifty shekels of silver

If it is necessary to use modern weight units, here are two ways of doing it. AT: "fifty pieces of silver, each of which weighs ten grams" or "five hundred grams of silver" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-bweight/01.md]])

after the shekel of the sanctuary

There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use in the sanctuary of the sacred tent. It weighed about 11 grams. AT: "Use the kind of shekel that is used in the sanctuary" or "When you weigh the silver, use the weight that is used in the sanctuary" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-bweight/01.md]])

thirty shekels

If it is necessary to use modern weight units, here are two ways of doing it. AT: "thirty pieces of silver, each of which weighs ten grams" or "three hundred grams of silver" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-bweight/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 27:5-6

five ... twenty ... ten ... three

"5 ... 20 ... 10 ... 3" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

your standard value

"the amount to pay" or "you must pay"

twenty shekels

If it is necessary to use modern weight units, here are two ways of doing it. AT: "twenty pieces of silver" or "two hundred grams of silver" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-bweight/01.md]])

for the female ten shekels

The phrases "of that age" and "your standard value must be" are left out, but are meant to be understood. AT: "for the female of that age your standard value must be ten shekels" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-ellipsis/01.md]])

ten shekels

If it is necessary to use modern weight units, here are two ways of doing it. AT: "ten pieces of silver" or "one hundred grams of silver" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-bweight/01.md]])

five shekels of silver

If it is necessary to use modern weight units, here are two ways of doing it. AT: "five pieces of silver" or "fifty grams of silver" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-bweight/01.md]])

three shekels

If it is necessary to use modern weight units, here are two ways of doing it. AT: "three pieces of silver" or "thirty grams of silver" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-bweight/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 27:7-8

sixty years old and up

"sixty years old and older"

sixty ... fifteen ... ten

"60 ... 15 ... 10" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

fifteen shekels

If it is necessary to use modern weight units, here are two ways of doing it. AT: "fifteen pieces of silver" or "150 grams of silver" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-bweight/01.md]])

for a female ten shekels

The phrases "of that age" and "your standard value must be" are left out, but are meant to be understood. AT: "for a female of that age your standard value must be ten shekels" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-ellipsis/01.md]])

the person being given must be presented to the priest

This can be stated in active form. AT "he must present to the priest the person he is giving" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/priest.md]]

Leviticus 27:22-23

translationWords

[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/setapart.md]]

Leviticus 27:24-25

the man from whom it was bought ... the land's owner

These two phases refer to the same person. Normally the land would be bought from its owner.

the man from whom it was bought

This can be stated in active form. AT: "the man who sold it" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

All the valuations must be set

This can be stated in active form. AT: "The priests must determine the estimated values" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

by the weight of the sanctuary shekel

There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use in the sanctuary of the sacred tent. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-bweight/01.md]])

Twenty gerahs must be the equivalent of one shekel

The purpose of this sentence is to tell how much the sanctuary shekel weighs. The gerah was the smallest unit of weight that the Israelites used. AT: "One shekel must equal twenty gerahs" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-bweight/01.md]])

Twenty gerahs must be the equivalent of one shekel

If it is necessary to use modern weight units, here is a way to do it. AT: "One shekel must weigh ten grams" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-bweight/01.md]])

translationWords

[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/sanctuary.md]]

Leviticus 27:26-27

No one may set apart

"No one may set apart to Yahweh"

a fifth must be added to that value

This can be stated in active form. AT: "he must add a fifth to that value" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

If the animal is not redeemed

This can be stated in active form. AT: "If the person does not buy back the animal" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

it is to be sold at the set value

This can be stated in active form. AT: "the priest must sell it at the set value" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 27:28-29

nothing that a man devotes to Yahweh, from all that he has, whether human or animal, or his family land, may be sold or redeemed

This can be stated in active form. AT: "No one may sell or redeem anything a man has devoted to Yahweh, from all that he has, whether it is a human, an animal, or his family land" or "If a man devotes to Yahweh anything he has, whether human or animal, or his family land, no one may sell or redeem it" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

Everything that is devoted is very holy to Yahweh

"Everything that anyone devotes to Yahweh is very holy to Yahweh"

No ransom may be paid

This can be stated in active form. "No one may pay a ransom" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

for the person who is devoted for destruction

This can be stated in active form. AT: "for any person whom Yahweh has devoted to destruction" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

for the person who is devoted for destruction

Why a person would be devoted to destruction can be stated clearly. AT: "for any person whom Yahweh has determined should die because of his sin" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

That person must be put to death

This can be stated in active form. AT: "you must put that person to death" or "you must kill that person" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 27:30-31

If a man redeems any of his tithe

"If a man wants to buy back any of his tithe"

translationWords

Leviticus 27:32-33

whatever passes under the shepherd's rod

This refers to the way they would count their animals. AT: "when you count your animals by raising your shepherd rod and having them walk under it to the other side" or "when you count the animals" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

one-tenth must be set apart to Yahweh

This can be stated in active form. AT: "you must set apart one-tenth to Yahweh" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

one-tenth

"every tenth animal"

then both it and that for which it is changed

"then both animals"

It cannot be redeemed

This can be stated in active form. AT: "He cannot redeem it" or "He cannot buy it back" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

Leviticus 27:34

These are the commandments

This is a summary statement. It refers to the commandments that were given in the past chapters.

open-licensed biblical content

Leviticus

Leviticus front

Leviticus front:intro

Introduction to Leviticus

Part 1: General Introduction

Outline of Leviticus

What is the book of Leviticus about?

How should the title of this book be translated?

Who wrote the book of Leviticus?

What is the meaning of "holy" and "holiness" in the book of Leviticus?

What are the important narrative features of Leviticus?

Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts

Why did the Israelites need so many rules about sacrificing animals?

Why was the priesthood important in the book of Leviticus?

How did the Israelite's rules for worshiping God and sacrificing animals differ from the other nations at that time?

Part 3: Important Translation Issues

What important symbols are introduced in Leviticus?

Why do many sections begin with the phrase "Yahweh said to Moses?"

Leviticus 1

Leviticus 1:intro-0

Leviticus 01 General Notes

Structure and formatting

Special concepts in this chapter

# Atonement

Links:

Leviticus 1:1-2

Yahweh

from the tent of meeting, saying, "Speak to the people of Israel and tell them, 'When any man

When any man from among you

translationWords

Leviticus 1:3-4

General Information:

If his offering ... he must offer

so that it may be accepted before Yahweh

lay his hand on the head

then it will be accepted on his behalf to make atonement for himself

translationWords

Leviticus 1:5-6

General Information:

Then he must kill the bull

before Yahweh

will present the blood

Then he must skin the burnt offering and cut it to pieces

Then he must skin

translationWords

Leviticus 1:7-9

General Information:

will put fire on the altar and place wood to feed the fire

to feed the fire

But its inner parts and its legs he must wash with water

inner parts

he must wash

It will produce a sweet aroma for me

an offering made to me by fire

translationWords

Leviticus 1:10-11

General Information:

before Yahweh

translationWords

Leviticus 1:12-13

General Information:

Then he must cut ... made to him by fire

Then he must cut it

Then the priest will offer the whole, and burn it on the altar

it will produce a sweet aroma for Yahweh

it will be an offering made to him by fire

translationWords

Leviticus 1:14-15

General Information:

wring off its head

Then its blood must be drained out

translationWords

Leviticus 1:16-17

He must

its crop with its contents

throw it beside the altar

it will produce a sweet aroma for Yahweh

it will be an offering made to him by fire

translationWords