1 Chronicles

1 Chronicles front

1 Chronicles front:intro

Introduction to 1 Chronicles

Part 1: General Introduction

Outline of 1 Chronicles

Lists of descendants
- From Adam to Jacob (1:1–2:2)
- Jacob's list of descendants (2:2–9:44)
The death of Saul and the beginning of David's reign
- The death of Saul (10:1–14)
- The capture of Jerusalem, and the valiant men (11:1–12:40)
- David prospers (13:1–22:1)
- David prepares for Solomon to build the temple (22:2–29:30)

What are 1 and 2 Chronicles about?

First Chronicles retold the list of descendants from Adam to Jacob. It then retold the list of descendants from Jacob to the first king of Israel. Second Chronicles retold the history of Israel beginning at the time of Solomon. It ended when the Babylonian army attacked Judah and took some of the people to Babylon. The writers of Chronicles probably wrote these books for the Jews who returned from exile in Babylon. The purpose was to instruct the people to avoid disobeying God as their ancestors did.

How should the title of this book be translated?

You may also call this book "The Events of the Kings of Judah and Israel, Book 1" or "The First Book of the Events of the Kings of Judah and Israel."

Who wrote 1 and 2 Chronicles?

It is uncertain who wrote these books. The writers of Chronicles mentioned that they used other books to help with their writing. The names of these other books are "The Chronicles of Samuel the Seer," "The Chronicles of Nathan the Seer," "The Chronicles of Gad the Seer," "The History of Nathan the Prophet," "The Chronicles of Shemaiah the Prophet and Iddo," "The Story of the Prophet Iddo" and "The books of the kings of Judah and Israel."

Why are there multiple books which give the history of the kings of Israel?

The books of Chronicles and the books of Kings told much of the same history, but they are not exactly the same. The writers of Chronicles were not simply retelling history. They wanted the people to know that Yahweh will still do what he promised in his covenant.

The writers of 1 and 2 Chronicles wanted the Jews to think carefully about David and Solomon. They also wanted the Jews to think about how Jehoshaphat, Hezekiah, and Josiah caused their ancestors to repent and to worship Yahweh. The writers wanted to encourage the Jews and their leaders to obey the law and to honor God's covenant with them. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/covenant.md]])

Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts

Why did God punish the people of Israel?

God punished the people of Israel because they disobeyed him and worshiped false gods. God punished the people by causing disasters and causing them to lose in battle. However, God forgave the people and caused them to prosper again if they repented and obeyed him. The writers of 1 and 2 Chronicles continually reminded the readers that God punished his people because they disobeyed. They wanted the readers to understand that they must obey God or he will punish them also.

Why are alliances with foreign countries seen as evil in these books?

Yahweh was the true leader of Israel and the protector of their nation. The people of Israel should have trusted him instead of relying on other nations to protect them.

Part 3: Important Translation Issues

What is the meaning of the term "Israel"?

The name "Israel" is used in many different ways in the Bible. There was a man named Jacob. God changed his name to Israel. The descendants of Jacob became a nation also called Israel. Eventually, the nation of Israel split into two kingdoms. The northern kingdom was named Israel. The southern kingdom was named Judah.

What does it mean to "seek God"?

The writers of 1 and 2 Chronicles often wrote about "seeking God." To "seek God" means to make an effort to please and honor God. It can also mean to ask God for help. It does not imply that God is hidden. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

What does the phrase "to this day" mean?

The writers used the phrase "to this day" to refer to the time when they were writing. The translator should be aware that "to this day" refers to a time which has already passed. The translator might decide to say, "to this day, at the time when this is being written," or, "to this day, at the time of writing." This Hebrew phrase occurs in 1 Chronicles 4:41, 43; 5:26; 13:11; 20:26; 21:10; 35:25.

1 Chronicles 1

1 Chronicles 1:intro-0

1 Chronicles 01 General Notes

Structure and formatting

This chapter gives the genealogies of Abraham, Esau and the early kings of Edom.

"the ancestors of the Philistines,"

translationWords

[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/names/philistines.md]]

1 Chronicles 1:13-16

Sidon

This is the name of a man (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Hittites ... Jebusites ... Amorites ... Girgashites ... Hivites ... Arkites ... Sinites ... Arvadites ... Zemarites ... Hamathites

names of people groups (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 1:17-19

General Information:

All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 1:20-23

General Information:

All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

translationWords

[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/names/sheba.md]]

1 Chronicles 1:24-27

General Information:

All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 1:28-31

General Information:

All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 1:32-33

General Information:

All of the names here except for Keturah are names of men. Keturah is the name of a woman. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 1:34-37

General Information:

All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 1:38-40

General Information:

All of the names here are names of men, execpt for Timna. Timna is the name of a woman. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

1 Chronicles 1:41-42

General Information:

All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

1 Chronicles 1:43-45

Bela ... Beor ... Jobab ... Zerah ... Husham

These are the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Dinhabah ... Bozrah

These are the names of places. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Husham of the land of the Temanites reigned in his place

"Husham, from the land where Teman's descendants lived, reigned after him"

Temanites

This is the name of a people group. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 1:46-48

Husham ... Hadad ... Bedad ... Samlah ... Shaul

These are the names of people. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Avith ... Masrekah ... Rehoboth

These are the names of places. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 1:49-50

1 Chronicles 1:51-54

General Information:

All of the names here except Edom are names of men. Edom is a place name. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 2

1 Chronicles 2:intro-0

1 Chronicles 02 General Notes

Structure and formatting

This chapter records the descendants of Judah, son of Jacob.

1 Chronicles 2:1-2

General Information:

All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 2:3-4

General Information:

This list includes the names of both men and women names. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Er, Onan, and Shelah ... Shua ... Perez ... Zerah

These are the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

who were born to him by Shua's daughter

This can be translated in active form. AT: "his sons whom Shua bore" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

Yahweh

This is the name of God that he revealed to his people in the Old Testament. See the translationWord page about Yahweh concerning how to translate this.

bore him Perez and Zerah

"gave birth to his sons Perez and Zerah"

in the sight of Yahweh

The sight of Yahweh represents his judgment or evaluation. AT: "as Yahweh judged" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

Yahweh killed him

The reader should understand that Yahweh probably had a person kill Er. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

Tamar

This is the name of a woman. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

daughter-in-law

This is a reference to the wife of his son.

five sons

"5 sons" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 2:5-8

General Information:

All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

what was reserved for God

what God had said he wanted the people to destroy

translationWords

1 Chronicles 2:9-12

General Information:

All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 2:13-15

General Information:

All of the names here are names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

the second ... the third ... the fourth ... the fifth ... the sixth ... the seventh

The word "son" is understood. Also, the numbers are in ordinal form. AT: "the second son ... the third son ... the fourth son ... the fifth son ... the sixth son ... the seventh son" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-ellipsis/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-ordinal/01.md]])

translationWords

[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/names/david.md]]

1 Chronicles 2:16-17

General Information:

All names here except Zeruiah and Abigail are the names of men. Zeruiah and Abigail are the names of women. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Jether the Ishmaelite

"Jether, a descendant of Ishmael"

translationWords

1 Chronicles 2:18-20

Caleb ... Hezron ... Jesher ... Shobab ... Ardon ... Hur ... Uri ... Bezalel

These are the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Azubah ... Jerioth ... Ephrath

These are the names of women. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 2:21-22

General Information:

All names in this list are the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

bore him

"gave birth to"

land of Gilead

People gave the land the name of the man.

translationWords

[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/names/gilead.md]]

1 Chronicles 2:23-24

Geshur ... Aram

These are names of people groups named after ancestors. Translate "Aram" as in 1 Chronicles 1:17.

Havvoth Jair and Kenath

These are the names of places. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Makir ... Gilead ... Hezron ... Caleb ... Ashhur ... Tekoa

These are the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Ephrathah

This is the name of a woman. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

bore him

"gave birth to his son"

translationWords

1 Chronicles 2:25-28

General Information:

All of the names in this list except Atarah are the names of men. Atarah is the name of a woman. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 2:29-33

General Information:

All of the names here except Abishur are the names of men. Abishur is the name of a woman. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 2:34-35

General Information:

All of the names here are the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

bore him

"gave birth to his son"

translationWords

1 Chronicles 2:36-38

General Information:

All of the names here are the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

translationWords

[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/names/azariah.md]]

1 Chronicles 2:39-41

General Information:

All of the names here are the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

1 Chronicles 2:42-44

General Information:

All of the names here are the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

the father of Hebron ... the father of Raham, the father of Jorkeam ... the father of Shammai

Some versions read, "the founder of the clan of Hebron ... the founder of the clan of Raham, the founder of the clan of Jorkeam ... the founder of the clan of Shammai."

translationWords

1 Chronicles 2:45-47

General Information:

All of the names here except Ephah are the names of men. Ephah is the name of a woman. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 2:48-49

General Information:

All of the names here except Maakah and Aksah are the names of men. Maakah and Aksah are the names of women. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

bore

gave birth to

translationWords

[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/other/descendant.md]]

1 Chronicles 2:50-51

Hur ... Shobal ... Salma ... Hareph

These are all the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Ephrathah

This is the name of a woman. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

father of Kiriath Jearim ... father of Bethlehem ... father of Beth Gader

These are all the names of towns. The towns are metonyms for the people who live in the towns. AT: "founder of Kiriath Jearim ... founder of Bethlehem ... founder of Beth Gader" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

translationWords

[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/names/bethlehem.md]]

1 Chronicles 2:52-53

General Information:

See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]]

Shobal the father of Kiriath Jearim

Shobal is the name of a man, and Kiriath Jearim is the name of a town. See how you translated this in 1 Chronicles 2:50. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Manahathites ... Ithrites, Puthites, Shumathites ... Mishraites ... Zorathites ... Eshtaolites

These are the names of clans.

translationWords

1 Chronicles 2:54-55

Salma ... Hammath

names of man (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Bethlehem ... Atroth Beth Joab ... Jabez

names of towns (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Netophathites, Atroth Beth Joab ... Manahathites ... Zorites ... Tirathites, Shimeathites, and Sucathites ... Kenites ... Rekabites

These are the names of clans. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

translationWords

[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/scribe.md]]

1 Chronicles 3

1 Chronicles 3:intro-0

1 Chronicles 03 General Notes

Structure and formatting

This chapter records the descendants of King David.

1 Chronicles 3:1-3

David

David was a son of Jesse, who was a descendant of Judah. (See: 1 Chronicles 2:15)

Ahinoam ... Abigail ... Maakah ... Haggith ... Abital ... Eglah

These are the names of women, all of whom were David's wives. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Talmai ... Shephatiah ... Ithream

These are the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Daniel

This man has the same name as an Israelite prophet but is a different person.

translationWords

1 Chronicles 3:4-5

where he reigned seven years and six months

This can also be translated as a separate sentence. AT: "David reigned there seven years and six months"

thirty-three years

"33 years" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

General Information:

All of the names in this list are the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Jehoiachin

Some versions have "Jeconiah," which is a variation of "Jehoiachin."

the captive

This may be a title that was given to Jehoiachin because he was taken into captivity. However, some versions regard the word as "Assir," the name of one of his sons.

translationWords

[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/other/captive.md]]

1 Chronicles 3:19-21

General Information:

All of the names in this list except Shelomith are the names of men. Shelomith is a woman's name. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Obadiah

This man has the same name as the prophet Obadiah but is a different person. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

further descendants were Arnan, Obadiah, and Shekaniah

Different versions put these people into different relationships with each other because the Hebrew is not very clear about them.

translationWords

1 Chronicles 3:22-24

General Information:

All of the names in this list are the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

1 Chronicles 4

1 Chronicles 4:intro-0

1 Chronicles 04 General Notes

Structure and formatting

This chapter records the other descendants of Judah.

1 Chronicles 4:1-2

General Information:

All of the names in this list except the Zorathites are the names of men. Zorathites is the name of a people group who took their name from the town of Zorah where they lived. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 4:3-4

Etam ... Gedor ... Hushah

These are names of cities. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Jezreel ... Ishma ... Idbash ... Peniel ... Ezer ... Hur ... Ephrathah

These are the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Hazzelelponi

This is the name of a woman. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

These were descendants of Hur

"Peniel and Ezer were descendants of Hur." This points forward to the list that will follow.

Ephrathah

This is the name of a woman. See how you translated this in 1 Chronicles 2:50.

translationWords

1 Chronicles 4:5-8

Ashhur ... Tekoa

See how you translated these men's names in 1 Chronicles 2:24.

Ahuzzam ... Hepher ... Zereth ... Zohar ... Ethnan ... Koz ... Anub ... Hazzobebah ... Aharhel ... Harum

These are the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Temeni ... Haahashtari

These are understood here as the names of men. However, some versions understand them as the names of clans that were begun by the sons of Ashhur.

Helah ... Naarah

These are the names of women. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

bore him

"gave birth to his sons"

and of the clans descended from Aharhel son of Harum

A new sentence can start here. "Koz also became the ancestor of Harum and the clans that descended from Harum's son Aharhel"

1 Chronicles 4:9-10

Jabez

This is the name of a man. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

expand my territory

"give me more land"

your hand will be with me

Possible meanings are that God's hand is 1) a metonym for his guidance, his power, or his protection. AT: "you will guide me" or "you will make me prosper" or "you will protect me" or 2) a synecdoche for himself. AT: "you will be with me" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-synecdoche/01.md]])

granted him his prayer

The words "his prayer" are a metonym for what Jabez asked in the prayer. AT: "did what Jabez had asked him to do" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 4:11-12

Kelub ... Shuhah ... Mehir ... Eshton ... Beth Rapha ... Paseah ... Tehinnah

These are the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Tehinnah, the father of Ir Nahash

It apprears that Ir Nahash may have been a city. AT: "Tehinnah, the founder of the city of Nahash" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Nahash ... Rekah

These are the names of places. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

1 Chronicles 4:13-16

General Information:

It may be helpful to create a verse bridge and to put verse 15 together with verse 13 since Kenaz was a descendant of Jephunneh and Caleb. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-versebridge/01.md]])

Kenaz ... Othniel ... Seraiah ... Hathath ... Meonothai ... Ophrah ... Joab ... Jephunneh ... Iru ... Elah ... Naam ... Jehallelel ... Ziph ... Ziphah ... Tiria ... Asarel

These are the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Ge-Harashim, whose people were craftsmen

Ge-Harashim means "Valley of Craftsmen." This can be made explicit with an explanation. AT: "Ge-Harashim, which means 'Craftsmen's Valley.' It was called this because its people were craftsmen" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

craftsmen

people skilled at making or building things

translationWords

1 Chronicles 4:17-18

General Information:

The information in 1 Chronicles 4:17-18 has been rearranged so its meaning can be more easily understood. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-versebridge/01.md]])

Ezrah ... Jether ... Mered ... Epher ... Jalon ... Miriam ... Shammai ... Ishbah ... Eshtemoa ... Jered ... Gedor ... Heber ... Soko ... Jekuthiel ... Zanoah

These are the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

These were the sons of Bithiah

The word "these" refers to Miriam, Shammai, and Ishbah. They were the sons Bithiah bore for her husband Mered.

Bithiah

This is the name of a woman.

Mered's Judahite wife

The Hebrew text says, "His Judahite wife," but most versions understand "his" to refer to Mered. This refers to a different wife of Mered, in addition to Bithiah.

translationWords

1 Chronicles 4:19-20

Hodiah ... Naham ... Keilah ... Eshtemoa ... Shimon ... Amnon ... Rinnah ... Ben-Hanan ... Tilon ... Ishi ... Zoheth ... Ben-Zoheth

These are the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Garmite

someone from the Gar people group (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Maakathite

someone from the region of Maacah, which is also called Maacath (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

1 Chronicles 4:21-23

Shelah ... Er ... Laadah ... Jokim ... Joash ... Saraph

These are the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

linen

a type of fabric

potters

people who make containers out of clay

Lekah ... Mareshah ... Beth Ashbea ... Kozeba ... Jashubi Lehem ... Netaim ... Gederah

These are the names of towns. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 4:24-26

Nemuel ... Jamin ... Jarib ... Zerah ... Shaul ... Shallum ... Mibsam ... Mishma ... Hammuel ... Zakkur ... Shimei

These are the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

grandson

the son of a person's child

great-grandson

the son of a person's grandson or granddaughter

translationWords

1 Chronicles 4:27-28

sixteen sons and six daughters

"16 sons and 6 daughters" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

Moladah ... Hazar Shual

These are the names of towns. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 4:29-31

General Information:

The list of the cities where Simeon's descendants lived continues.

Bilhah ... Ezem ... Tolad ... Bethuel ... Hormah ... Ziklag ... Beth Markaboth ... Hazar Susim ... Beth Biri ... Shaaraim

These are the names of towns. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 4:32-33

General Information:

The list of places where Simeon's descendants lived continues.

Etam ... Ain ... Rimmon ... Token ... Ashan

These are the names of villages. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

outlying

far from a main population

Baalath

This is the name of a town. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

1 Chronicles 4:34-38

Meshobab ... Jamlech ... Joshah ... Amaziah ... Joel ... Jehu ... Joshibiah ... Seraiah ... Asiel ... Elioenai ... Jaakobah ... Jeshohaiah ... Asaiah ... Adiel ... Jesimiel ... Benaiah ... Ziza ... Shiphi ... Allon ... Jedaiah ... Shimri ... Shemaiah

These are the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

These mentioned by name were leaders

"These men were leaders"

their clans increased greatly

The clan is a metonym for the people in the clan. AT: "the number of people in their clans increased greatly" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

translationWords

[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/other/clan.md]]

1 Chronicles 4:39-41

Gedor

This is the name of a town. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

pasture

an area of land where animals feed on the grass

abundant and good pasture

"pastures with much good food for their animals"

Hamites

a people group, descendants of Ham

Meunites

a people group. AT: "descendants of Meun" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 4:42-43

five hundred men

"500 men" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

Pelatiah ... Neariah ... Rephaiah ... Uzziel ... Ishi

These are names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

the rest of the Amalekite refugees

"the remaining Amalekite refugees"

refugees

people who are forced to leave their home country

to this day

"from then until now." This refers to the day when the author was writing this account.

translationWords

1 Chronicles 5

1 Chronicles 5:intro-0

1 Chronicles 05 General Notes

Structure and formatting

This chapter records the descendants of Jacob's sons who lived east of the Jordan River: Reuben, Gad and Manasseh.

1 Chronicles 5:1-3

now Reuben

The word "now" is used here to mark the change from the lists of descendants to background information about Reuben. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/writing-background/01.md]])

but his birthright was given to the sons of Joseph son of Israel

This can be stated in active form. AT: "but Israel gave Reuben's birthright to the sons of Joseph, another of Israel's sons" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

Reuben had defiled his father's couch

This is a polite way to speak about Reuben sleeping with his father's secondary wife. The couch is the place where a man and his wife would have slept together. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-euphemism/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 5:14-15

Abihail ... Huri ... Jaroah ... Gilead ... Michael ... Jeshishai ... Jahdo ... Buz ... Ahi ... Abdiel ... Guni

These are the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 5:16-17

1 Chronicles 6:1-3

Gershon ... Kohath ... Merari ... Amram ... Izhar ... Hebron ... Uzziel ... Nadab ... Abihu ... Eleazar ... Ithamar

These are the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 6:4-6

Eleazar ... Abishua ... Bukki ... Uzzi ... Zerahiah ... Meraioth

These are the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

translationWords

[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/names/phinehas.md]]

1 Chronicles 6:7-9

Meraioth ... Amariah ... Ahitub ... Zadok ... Ahimaaz ... Johanan

These are the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

translationWords

[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/names/azariah.md]]

1 Chronicles 6:10-12

Amariah ... Ahitub ... Zadok ... Shallum

These are the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Solomon built

The reader should understand that Solomon probably hired workers to do the work. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 6:13-15

Hilkiah ... Seraiah ... Jozadak

These are the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

exiled Judah and Jerusalem by the hand of Nebuchadnezzar

The power Nebuchadnezzar has through his army is described as the part of his body ("hand") he uses to direct his army. AT: "allowed Nebuchadnezzar's army to defeat the armies of Judah and Jerusalem and take the people into captivity" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-synecdoche/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 6:16-18

Gershon ... Kohath ... Merari

Translate the names of these men as in 1 Chronicles 6:1.

Libni ... Shimei

These are names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Amram ... Izhar ... Hebron ... Uzziel

Translate the names of these men as in 1 Chronicles 6:2.

translationWords

1 Chronicles 6:19-21

Merari ... Mahli ... Mushi ... Libni ... Jahath ... Zimmah ... Joah ... Iddo ... Zerah ... Jeatherai

These are the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 6:22-24

Amminadab ... Korah ... Assir ... Elkanah ... Ebiasaph ... Tahath ... Uriel ... Uzziah ... Shaul

These are the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

translationWords

[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/names/korah.md]]

1 Chronicles 6:25-27

Elkanah ... Amasai ... Ahimoth ... Zophai ... Nahath ... Eliab ... Jeroham

These are the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

1 Chronicles 6:28-30

Hebron ... Libnah ... Jattir ... Eshtemoa ... Hilen ... Debir

These are names of places. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

pasturelands

grassy land where animals eat. See how you translated this in 1 Chronicles 5:16.

translationWords

[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/other/refuge.md]]

1 Chronicles 6:59-60

General Information:

See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]]

Ashan ... Beth Shemesh ... Geba ... Alemeth ... Anathoth

All of the names in this list are the names of towns. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

pasturelands

grassy land where animals eat. See how you translated this in 1 Chronicles 5:16.

All their cities numbered thirteen

"They had a total of 13 cities" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 6:61-62

To Gershon's descendants in their various clans were given thirteen cities

"The clans of Gershon's descendants gained 13 cities" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

Kohath ... Gershon

See how you translated these men's names in 1 Chronicles 6:1.

translationWords

1 Chronicles 6:63-65

Merari

See how you translated this man's name in 1 Chronicles 6:1.

pasturelands

grassy land where animals eat. See how you translated this in 1 Chronicles 5:16.

the towns mentioned earlier

The towns mentioned in 1 Chronicles 6:55 and 1 Chronicles 6:60.

translationWords

1 Chronicles 6:66-69

General Information:

See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]]

Kohathites

This is the name of a people group, the descendants of Kohath (1 Chronicles 6:1). See how you translated this family name in 1 Chronicles 6:33.

Shechem ... Gezer ... Jokmeam ... Beth Horon ... Aijalon ... Gath Rimmon

These are the names of towns. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

pasturelands

grassy land where animals eat. See how you translated this in 1 Chronicles 5:16.

translationWords

1 Chronicles 6:70

General Information:

See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]]

Aner ... Bileam

These are names of towns. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

pasturelands

grassy land where animals eat. See how you translated this in 1 Chronicles 5:16.

and from the tribe of Reuben

The information in 1 Chronicles 6:78-79 has been rearranged so its meaning can be more easily understood. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-versebridge/01.md]])

from the tribe of Reuben

This can be translated in active form. AT: "the tribe of Reuben gave these" or "they also received these from the tribe of Reuben" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 6:80-81

General Information:

See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]]

Ramoth ... Mahanaim ... Heshbon ... Jazer

These are all names of towns. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

pasturelands

grassy land where animals eat. See how you translated this in 1 Chronicles 5:16.

translationWords

1 Chronicles 7

1 Chronicles 7:intro-0

1 Chronicles 07 General Notes

Structure and formatting

This chapter records the descendants of Issachar, Benjamin, Ephraim, Asher, and Manasseh living west of the Jordan River.

1 Chronicles 7:1-3

General Information:

All of the names here are the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

heads of their fathers' houses

The words "father's houses" refers to extended families, people related to each other who usually lived in different houses, what the UDB calls "clans."

They numbered 22,600

"They numbered twenty-two thousand six hundred" or "There were 22,600 men" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

in the days of David

"during David's life" or "while David was alive"

translationWords

1 Chronicles 7:4-5

Along with them they had

Another possible meaning is "Among them were."

thirty-six thousand troops for battle

"36,000 soldiers who were ready for battle" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

eighty-seven thousand fighting men

"87,000 fighting men" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 7:6-7

General Information:

All of the names here are the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

22,034 fighting men

"twenty-two thousand and thirty-four" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

fathers' houses

extended families, people related to each other who usually lived in different houses, what the UDB calls "clans"

translationWords

[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/names/benjamin.md]]

1 Chronicles 7:8-10

General Information:

All of the names here are the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

20,200 heads of their fathers' houses

"twenty thousand two hundred family leaders" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

translationWords

[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/other/family.md]]

1 Chronicles 7:11-12

Jediael ... Ir ... Aher

These are names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Listed in their clan lists were 17,200

"The clan lists contained 17,200"

17,200 heads of houses

"seventeen thousand two hundred heads of houses" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

Shuppites ... Huppites ... Hushites

These are names of clans of people. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

translationWords

[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/other/serve.md]]

1 Chronicles 7:13

Jahziel, Guni, Jezer, and Shillem

These are names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Bilhah's grandsons

"the sons of Bilhah's son." Bilhah is the name of a woman. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

translationWords

[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/names/naphtali.md]]

1 Chronicles 7:14-16

General Information:

See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]]

Asriel, ... Zelophehad ... Peresh ... Sheresh ... Ulam ... Rakem

These are all the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Makir, Gilead's father

These are the names of men. See how you translated "Makir, father of Gilead" in 1 Chronicles 2:21. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Aramean concubine bore

"Aramean concubine gave birth to"

Huppites ... Shuppites

See how you translated these names in 1 Chronicles 7:12.

Maakah

This is the name of a woman. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 7:17-19

General Information:

All of the names here except Hammoleketh are the names of men. Hammoleketh is the name of a woman. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

translationWords

[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/other/descendant.md]]

1 Chronicles 7:20-22

General Information:

All of the names here except Gath are the names of men. Gath is the name of a place. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Ezer and Elead were killed by men of Gath, natives in the land

This can be translated in active form. AT: "Men of Gath, the natives in the land, killed Ezer and Elead" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

they went to steal their cattle

"the brothers went to steal the cattle from the people of Gath"

translationWords

1 Chronicles 7:23-24

She conceived and bore a son

"She became pregnant and gave birth to a son"

called him

"named him"

Beriah

This is the name of a man. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Sheerah

This is the name of a woman. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Upper Beth Horon and Uzzen Sheerah

These are names of towns. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

translationWords

[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/other/sex.md]]

1 Chronicles 7:25-27

General Information:

All of the names here are the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

translationWords

[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/names/joshua.md]]

1 Chronicles 7:28-29

Their possessions and residences were Bethel ... villages

The abstract nouns "possessions" and "residences" can be translated with verbal phrases. AT: "They possessed and resided in Bethel ... villages" or "They owned and lived in Bethel ... villages" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-abstractnouns/01.md]])

Bethel ... Dor

All of the names listed here are the names of towns. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

In these towns the descendants of Joseph son of Israel lived

"The descendants of Joseph, son of Israel, lived in these towns"

translationWords

1 Chronicles 7:30-32

General Information:

All of the names here except Serah and Shua are the names of men. Serah and Shua are the names of women. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

translationWords

[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/names/asher.md]]

1 Chronicles 7:33-35

General Information:

All of the names here are the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

translationWords

[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/children.md]]

1 Chronicles 7:36-38

General Information:

All of the names here are the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

1 Chronicles 7:39-40

General Information:

All of the names here are the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

distinguished men

"important men"

fathers' houses

extended families, people related to each other who usually lived in different houses, what the UDB calls "clans"

There were twenty-six thousand men listed who were fit for military service, according to their numbered lists

"According to the clan records, there were 26,000 men who were able to serve in the military" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 8

1 Chronicles 8:intro-0

1 Chronicles 08 General Notes

Structure and formatting

This chapter records the genealogy of Saul's family.

1 Chronicles 8:1-5

General Information:

All of the names here are the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 8:6-7

General Information:

All of the names here except Geba and Manahath are the names of men. Geba and Manahath are the names of towns. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

fathers' houses

extended families, people related to each other who usually lived in different houses, what the UDB calls "clans"

were compelled to move

"needed to move" or "had to move"

translationWords

1 Chronicles 8:8-11

Shaharaim ... Jobab ... Zibia ... Mesha ... Malkam ... Jeuz ... Sakia ... Mirmah ... Abitub ... Elpaal

These are names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Hushim ... Baara ... Hodesh

These are names of women. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

By his wife Hodesh, Shaharaim became the father of

"Shaharaim and his wife Hodesh had the following sons:"

fathers' houses

extended families, people related to each other who usually lived in different houses, what the UDB calls "clans"

translationWords

1 Chronicles 8:12-13

Elpaal ... Eber ... Misham ... Shemed ... Beriah ... Shema

These are names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Ono ... Lod ... Aijalon

These are names of places. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

fathers' houses

extended families, people related to each other who usually lived in different houses, what the UDB calls "clans"

translationWords

1 Chronicles 8:14-18

General Information:

All of the names here are the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Elpaal ... and Jobab

The information in 1 Chronicles 8:17-18 has been rearranged so its meaning can be more easily understood. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-versebridge/01.md]])

1 Chronicles 8:19-21

General Information:

All of the names here are the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

General Information:

The information in 1 Chronicles 8:19-21 has been rearranged so its meaning can be more easily understood. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-versebridge/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

translationWords

[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/names/shimei.md]]

1 Chronicles 8:22-25

General Information:

All of the names here are the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

General Information:

The information in 1 Chronicles 8:22-25 has been rearranged so its meaning can be more easily understood. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-versebridge/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

1 Chronicles 8:26-28

General Information:

All of the names here are the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

1 Chronicles 8:38-40

General Information:

All of the names here are the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Jeush the second, and Eliphelet the third

"Jeush, who was born after Ulam, and Eliphelet, who was born after Jeush" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-ordinal/01.md]])

many sons and grandsons, a total of 150

"a total of one hundred fifty sons and grandsons" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 9

1 Chronicles 9:intro-0

1 Chronicles 09 General Notes

Structure and formatting

This chapter records the genealogy of the people who returned to Jerusalem after the exile and the family of Saul.

1 Chronicles 9:1-3

fathers' houses

extended families, people related to each other who usually lived in different houses, clans

numbered 1,760

"numbered one thousand and sixty priests" or "numbered seventeen hundred and sixty priests" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-ellipsis/01.md]])

translationWords

[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/works.md]]

1 Chronicles 9:14-16

General Information:

All of the names here except "Netophathites" are the names of men. The Netophathites were a people group. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

among the descendants

"one of the descendants"

translationWords

1 Chronicles 9:17-19

The doorkeepers were

"The guards were" or "The gatekeepers were"

Shallum ... Akkub ... Talmon ... Ahiman ... Kore ... Ebiasaph

These are all the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

they stood guard at the king's gate on the east side for the camp of Levi's descendants

"Levi's descendants guarded the king's gate on the east side of their camp"

Korahites

descendants of Korah (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

the door to the tent ... the entrance

These phrases both refer to the entrance of the tent of meeting, or the tabernacle.

the tent

This is a metonym for the second temple, which the people built after they returned from Babylon. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 9:20-21

General Information:

All of the names here (except Yahweh) are the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

in charge of them

"in charge of the Korahites" (See: 1 Chronicles 9:19)

translationWords

1 Chronicles 9:22-24

General Information:

(See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

who were chosen as gatekeepers

It is not clear who chose these men, so if you have to translate in active form, use your language's most general way of doing so. AT: "whom they had chosen to be gatekeepers" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

numbered 212

"numbered two hundred and twelve" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

Their names were recorded in the people's records in their villages

This can be translated in active form. AT: "The records in peoples' villages included the names of these men" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

their children

"their descendants"

gatekeepers were posted

This can be translated in active form. AT: "men guarded the entrances" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

on all four sides, toward the east, west, north, and south

The words "east, west, north, and south" explain the words "all four sides."

translationWords

1 Chronicles 9:25-27

Their brothers

"The guards' brothers"

came in for seven-day rotations, in turn

"would come to help for 7-day periods, taking turns" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

the four leaders ... were assigned to guard the rooms

It is not clear who assigned these men, so if you have to translate in active form, use your language's most general way of doing so. AT: "they assigned the four leaders ... to guard the rooms" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

the house of God

the second temple, which the people built after they returned from Babylon

translationWords

1 Chronicles 9:28-29

Some of them

"Some of the guards"

they counted the articles when they were brought in and when they were taken out

This can be translated in active form. AT: "they counted the articles that people took out to use, and they counted the articles when people brought them back" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

Some of them also were assigned to take care of

It is not clear who assigned these men, so if you have to translate in active form, use your language's most general way of doing so. AT: "The leaders also assigned some of them to take care of" or "Some of them also took care of" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 9:30-32

Mattithiah ... Shallum

These are names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Korahite ... Kohathites

These are names of people groups. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

bread of the presence

See the translationWord page about "bread" for the specific definition of "bread of the presence."

translationWords

1 Chronicles 9:33-34

fathers' houses

extended families, people related to each other who usually lived in different houses, what the UDB calls "clans"

they were free from work

"they did not have to do other work"

carry out their assigned tasks

"complete the tasks they needed to do"

day and night

This means "at all times" and can be translated using a phrase or word from your language or culture that gives the same meaning. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-merism/01.md]])

These were leaders of fathers' houses among the Levites, as listed in their genealogical records

"The family history lists included the names of these Levite family leaders"

translationWords

1 Chronicles 9:35-37

General Information:

All of the names here except Maakah are the names of men. Maakah is the name of a woman. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Gibeon ... Gibeon

"the man Gibeon ... the town of Gibeon"

translationWords

[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/names/zechariahot.md]]

1 Chronicles 9:38-40

General Information:

All of the names here are the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 9:41-44

General Information:

All of the names here are the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

1 Chronicles 10

1 Chronicles 10:intro-0

1 Chronicles 10 General Notes

Special concepts in this chapter

# The death of Saul

Saul died because he disobeyed God.

1 Chronicles 10:1-3

Every man of Israel fled from before the Philistines and fell down dead on Mount Gilboa

It is implied that these men were Israelite soldiers. AT: "The whole army of Israel ran away from the Philistines" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

Every man of Israel ... fell down dead

This is probably a generalization. It seems that while all the soldiers did run away, not all of them died. AT: "Every man of Israel ... most of them died" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-hyperbole/01.md]])

Abinadab ... Malki-Shua

See how you translated these men's names in 1 Chronicles 8:33. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 10:4

thrust me through with it

The action of stabbing is a metonym for the result, death. AT: "kill me with it" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

these uncircumcised will come

The nominal adjective "uncircumcised" can be stated as an adjective. AT: "these people who are uncircumcised will come" or "these uncircumcised people will come" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-nominaladj/01.md]])

these uncircumcised

Here "uncircumcised" represents people who do not belong to Yahweh. AT: "these people who do not belong to Yahweh" or "these heathen Philistines" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

fell on it

Saul probably stuck the handle into the ground and leaned on the point so the sword would go through his body as he fell down. The action is a metonym for the result, death. AT: "killed himself with it" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 10:5-6

fell on his sword

He probably stuck the handle into the ground and leaned on the point so the sword would go through his body as he fell down. The action is a metonym for the result, death. See how you translated this in 1 Chronicles 10:4. AT: "killed himself with his sword" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

and his three sons

The word "died" is understood from the previous phrase. It can be repeated. AT: "and his 3 sons died" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-ellipsis/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

translationWords

[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/other/household.md]]

1 Chronicles 10:7-8

When every man of Israel

This is probably a generalization. AT: "When the men of Israel" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-hyperbole/01.md]])

they had fled

"the Israelite soldiers had fled"

the Philistines came and lived in them

"the Philistines came and lived in the cities from which the Israelites had fled." This probably happened after the events in verses 8-12.

It came about

This phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.

to strip the dead

"to take everything of value off of the dead bodies"

Saul and his sons fallen

Here "fallen" is a polite way to refer to someone who died in battle. AT: "Saul and his sons dead" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-euphemism/01.md]])

translationWords

[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/life.md]]

1 Chronicles 10:9-10

They stripped him

"The Philistines removed everything from Saul's body"

Structure and formatting

The story of David begins here and continues throughout the remainder of this book.

Special concepts in this chapter

# King David the military leader

David was made the king of all Israel and was the leader of their army. He conquered Jerusalem and strengthened its defenses. He had many brave men in his army that did great deeds. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/works.md]])

1 Chronicles 11:1-3

all Israel came to David

This is a generalization that means people from every tribe in Israel came to David, but not every individual. AT: "people from throughout Israel came to David" or "people from every tribe in Israel came to David" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-hyperbole/01.md]])

we are your flesh and bone

This idiom means that they are relatives. AT: "we are your relatives" or "we have the same ancestors as you" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-idiom/01.md]])

In the recent past

This is historical information. Saul had been their king before David. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/writing-background/01.md]])

You will shepherd my people Israel, and you will become a ruler over my people Israel

These two clauses mean basically the same thing and emphasize that Yahweh had chosen David to be king. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-parallelism/01.md]])

You will shepherd my people Israel

Here ruling over the people is spoken of as shepherding them. AT: "'You will care for my people Israel" or "You will lead my people Israel" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

They anointed David king over Israel

To "anoint" is a symbolic act to show that they recognized that God had chosen David as king. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-symaction/01.md]])

the word of Yahweh that had been declared by Samuel

This can be stated in active form. AT: "the word of Yahweh that Samuel had declared" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 11:4-6

David and all Israel

Here the phrase "all Israel" represents the entire Israelite army. AT: "David and all the Israelite army" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

Now the Jebusites ... were there

The word "now" is used to mark a break in the main story line. Here the narrator tells background information about Jerusalem. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/writing-background/01.md]])

David took the stronghold of Zion

Here the word "took" is an idiom that means "captured" or "conquered." Since David led the army, his name here is a synecdoche for the whole army who attacked the city. AT: "David captured the stronghold of Zion" or "David and the Israelite army captured the stronghold of Zion" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-idiom/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-synecdoche/01.md]])

the stronghold of Zion ... the city of David

Both of these names refer to Jerusalem.

so he was made the chief

This can be stated in active form. AT: "so David made Joab the chief" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 11:7-9

He fortified the city around ... Joab fortified the rest of the city

The word "he" refers to David. The reader should understand that David and Joab were probably in charge of other men who made the fortifications. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

the Millo

This likely refers to a terraced structure that consisted of retaining walls with dirt filled in behind them. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-unknown/01.md]])

Abishai

See how you translated this man's name in 1 Chronicles 2:16.

captain over the Three

This means Abishai was the leader of the three who went and got water for David.

three hundred

"300 men" or "300 warriors" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

He is mentioned along with the Three

This can be stated in active form. AT: "People often mentioned him when they spoke of the Three" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

Of the Three, he was given double honor and became

This can be stated in active form. Possible meanings are 1) that he received double the honor that the Three received. AT: "People gave him twice as much honor as they gave the Three and he became" or 2) the Three honored him more than they honored others. AT: "The Three honored him more than they honored others and he became" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 11:22-23

Benaiah ... Jehoiada ... Ariel

These are the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

five cubits

A "cubit" is a unit of measurement equal to 46 centimeters. AT: "2.3 meters" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-bdistance/01.md]])

a spear like a weaver's beam

This compares the size of the spear with the size of a weaver's beam. AT: "a spear the size of a weaver's beam" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

he went down to him

"Benaiah went down to the Egyptian." This idiom means that he met him in battle. AT: "he attacked him" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-idiom/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 11:24-25

did these feats

"did these mighty deeds"

he was named alongside the three mighty men

This can be stated in active form. AT: "people praised him like they praised the three mighty men" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

He was more highly regarded than the thirty soldiers in general, but he was not regarded quite as highly as the three mighty men

This can be stated in active form. AT: "The people respected him more than the 30 soldiers, but not as much as the 3 most elite soldiers" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

bodyguard

a group of people responsible for protecting an important person

translationWords

[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/names/david.md]]

1 Chronicles 11:26-29

General Information:

This begins a list of David's thirty most important warriors. The list contains the names of the men and the clans to which they belonged. The list continues through 1 Chronicles 11:47. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 11:30-33

Connecting Statement:

This continues the list of David's thirty most important warriors. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 11:34-37

Connecting Statement:

This continues the list of David's thirty most important warriors. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

1 Chronicles 11:38-41

Connecting Statement:

This continues the list of David's thirty most important warriors. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 11:42-44

Connecting Statement:

This continues the list of David's thirty most important warriors. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

thirty with him

"30 men with him" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

translationWords

[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/other/chief.md]]

1 Chronicles 11:45-47

Connecting Statement:

This concludes the list of David's thirty most important warriors. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

translationWords

[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/names/moab.md]]

1 Chronicles 12

1 Chronicles 12:intro-0

1 Chronicles 12 General Notes

Special concepts in this chapter

# "[They] could use both the right hand and the left"

These soldiers were very skilled. They were able to fight with either hand. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

# King David

This chapter records all those who supported David as king over Saul. The extent of this record shows that there was nearly universal support for David.

1 Chronicles 12:1-2

while he was still banished from the presence of

This can be stated in active form. AT: "during the time when he could not be in the presence of" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

This begins a list of the men from the tribe of Gad who joined David. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

whose faces were as fierce as the faces of lions

Here the word "faces" represents the men and the lions. Their faces express the fierceness with which they fight battles. AT: "who were as fierce in battle as lions hunting prey" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-synecdoche/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

They were as swift as gazelles on the mountains

This hyperbole compares how swiftly these men were able to run with how swiftly gazelles are able to run over rugged mountain terrain. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-hyperbole/01.md]])

gazelles

animals similar to deer that can run quickly over hills and rough ground

translationWords

1 Chronicles 12:9-13

Connecting Statement:

This continues the list of the men from the tribe of Gad who joined David. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

There were Ezer the leader, Obadiah the second, Eliab the third ... fourth ... fifth ... sixth ... seventh ... eighth ... ninth ... tenth ... eleventh

This is a list of the leaders of the army in order of their importance. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-ordinal/01.md]])

1 Chronicles 12:14-15

The least led a hundred

This means that the smallest group of the army that a leader led was 100 men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

the greatest led a thousand

This means that the largest group of the army that a leader led was 1,000 men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

first month

This is the first month of the Hebrew calendar. It is during the last part of March and the first part of April on Western calendars. It is at the beginning of the spring season when the late rains come. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-hebrewmonths/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-ordinal/01.md]])

when it overflowed its banks

"when the Jordan overflowed its banks"

chased away all those living in the valleys

"they chased away all those living in the valleys"

translationWords

1 Chronicles 12:16-17

men of Benjamin and Judah

"men from the tribes of Benjamin and Judah"

may the God of our ancestors see

What God will see may be supplied in translation. AT: "may the God of our ancestors see what you intend to do" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 12:18

the Spirit came on Amasai

The Spirit empowering Amasai is spoken of as if the Spirit came on him. AT: "the Spirit empowered Amasai" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

1 Chronicles 12:32-33

Connecting Statement:

This continues the list of the number of men who joined David from each tribe. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

two hundred ... fifty thousand

"200 ... 50,000" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

who had understanding of the times

Possible meanings are 1) these men knew the right time to act or 2) these men had a good understanding of current political events within Israel.

ready to give undivided loyalty

It is implicit that they would give loyalty to David. AT: "ready to give undivided loyalty to David" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 12:34-35

Connecting Statement:

This continues the list of the number of men who joined David from each tribe. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

one thousand ... thirty-seven thousand

"1,000 ... 37,000" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

From the Danites

"From Dan" or "From the tribe of Dan"

28,600 men

"twenty-eight thousand six hundred men" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 12:36-37

Connecting Statement:

This continues the list of the number of men who joined David from each tribe. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

forty thousand

"40,000" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

the Reubenites, Gadites

"Reuben, Gad" or "the tribe of Reuben, the tribe of Gad"

120,000 men

"one hundred twenty thousand men" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 12:38-40

with firm intentions to make David king

"determined to make David king"

They were there with David

"These soldiers were there with David"

three days

"3 days" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

Israel was celebrating

The word "Israel" represents the people who make up the nation. AT: "the people of Israel were celebrating" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-synecdoche/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 13

1 Chronicles 13:intro-0

1 Chronicles 13 General Notes

Special concepts in this chapter

# Ark of the covenant

David tried to bring the ark to Jerusalem on an ox cart instead of being carried by priests as the law said to do. The ox stumbled and Uzzah touched the ark to keep it from falling and he immediately died because of this. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/priest.md]], [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/lawofmoses.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/covenant.md]])

1 Chronicles 13:1-4

the commanders of thousands and of hundreds

Possible meanings are 1) these numbers represent the exact amount of soldiers that these commanders led. AT: "the commanders of 1,000 soldiers and the commanders of 100 soldiers" or 2) the words translated as "thousands" and "hundreds" do not represent exact numbers, but are the names of larger and smaller military divisions. AT: "the commanders of large military divisions and the commanders of smaller military divisions" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

all the assembly of Israel

This refers to all of the Israelites who were assembled in this place. AT: "all of the Israelites who were assembled there" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

if this comes from Yahweh our God

This idiom means that this action is something that Yahweh approves. AT: "if this is something that Yahweh our God approves" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-idiom/01.md]])

Let them be told to join us

This can be stated in active form. AT: "Let messengers tell them to join us" or "Let them join us" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

they seemed right in the eyes of all the people

Here the word "eyes" represents seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. AT: "all the people considered these things to be right" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 13:5-6

David assembled all Israel together

Here the word "all" is a generalization. The phrase means that David assembled people from all over Israel, not that he assembled every person in Israel. AT: "David assembled people together from all Israel" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-hyperbole/01.md]])

Lebo Hamath ... Kiriath Jearim ... Baalah

These are the names of places. "Baalah" is another name for Kiriath Jearim. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

which belongs to Judah

"which is in Judah"

to bring up from there the ark of God

It is implied that they are taking the ark to Jerusalem. AT: "to take to Jerusalem the ark of God" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

to bring up from there

Jerusalem is higher than almost any other place in Israel, so it was normal for Israelites to speak of going up to Jerusalem and going down from it.

which is called by Yahweh's name

This can be stated in active form. Possible meanings are 1) the idiom "called by ... name" refers to a person owning the thing. AT: "which belongs to Yahweh" or 2) the ark has Yahweh's name written on it. AT: "which bears Yahweh's name" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-idiom/01.md]])

who sits enthroned over the cherubim

You may need to make explicit that the cherubim are those on the lid of the ark of the covenant. The biblical writers often spoke of the ark of the covenant as if it were Yahweh's footstool upon which he rested his feet as he sat on his throne in heaven above. AT: "who sits on his throne above the cherubim on the ark of the covenant" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 13:7-8

1 Chronicles 14:1-2

Hiram

This is the name of a man. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

carpenters

people who make things with wood

masons

people make things with stone or brick

They built a house for him

"The carpenters and masons built a house for David"

established him as

"made him"

his kingdom was exalted on high

The idiom "exalted on high" means that Yahweh had given great honor to David's kingdom. This can be stated in active form. AT: "Yahweh had exalted David's kingdom on high" or "Yahweh had given great honor to David's kingdom" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-idiom/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

for the sake of his people Israel

Here the word "his" refers to Yahweh.

translationWords

1 Chronicles 14:3-7

the children who were born to him

"the children whom his wives bore for him"

Shammua, Shobab, Nathan

These are the names of men. See how you translated these in 1 Chronicles 3:5. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Ibhar, Elishua, Elpelet, Nogah, Nepheg, Japhia, Elishama, Beeliada, and Eliphelet

These are the names of men. These names appear also in 1 Chronicles 3:6-8, although there "Elpelet" is spelled "Eliphelet" and Beeliada is spelled "Eliada." (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 14:8-9

Now

The writer uses this word to show that he has finished giving the background information in 1 Chronicles 14:3-7 and is starting a new part of the story. Your language may have a different way of doing this.

David had been anointed as king

This can be stated in active form. AT: "the elders of Israel had anointed David as king" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

went out against them

It is implied that David led his army out to fight against them. AT: "led his army out to fight against them" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

Valley of Rephaim

This is the name of a place. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 14:10-12

give them to you

This idiom means that Yahweh will enable David to have victory over them. AT: "give you victory over them" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-idiom/01.md]])

Baal Perazim

This is the name of a place. You may add a footnote that says, "The name 'Baal Perazim' means 'Lord of breaking through.'" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

God has burst through my enemies ... like a bursting flood of water

David speaks of God easily defeating David's enemies as if God had burst through them, like a flood bursts through anything in its path. AT: "God has easily defeated my enemies ... like a flood easily bursts through everything" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-simile/01.md]])

by my hand

This refers to David's resources. AT: "using my army" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

that they should be burned

This can be stated in active form. AT: "to burn their false gods" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 14:13-14

the valley

"the Valley of Rephaim"

attack their front

"attack from the front"

circle around behind them and come on them through the balsam woods

"go through the forest of balsam trees and attack them from behind"

balsam woods

"Balsam" here is a type of tree, and the "woods" describe many balsam trees growing together. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

translationWords

[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/names/david.md]]

1 Chronicles 14:15-17

Connecting Statement:

God continues his answer to David's question.

When you hear the sound of marching in the wind blowing through the balsam treetops

This speaks of the sound of the leaves rustling as wind blows through them as if it were the sound of marching. AT: "When the wind blowing through the tops of the balsam trees sounds like men marching" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

Gezer

This is the name of a town. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

David's fame went out into all lands

People in every land hearing of David's reputation is spoken of as if David's fame traveled to those lands. AT: "People far away heard about David's fame" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-personification/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 15

1 Chronicles 15:intro-0

1 Chronicles 15 General Notes

Structure and formatting

Chapters 15 and 16 explain how David organized the priests and Levites. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/priest.md]])

1 Chronicles 15:1-3

David built houses for himself ... He prepared

It might be best to translate this so that the reader understands that David had other people do this for him. AT: "David had workers build houses for him ... He had them prepare" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

they had been chosen by Yahweh

This can be stated in active form. AT: "Yahweh had chosen them" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

David assembled all Israel at Jerusalem

Here the word "all" is a generalization. The phrase "all Israel" means that David assembled people from all over Israel, not that he assembled every person in Israel. AT: "David assembled at Jerusalem people from all over Israel" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-hyperbole/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 15:4-6

General Information:

This begins the list of the number of men whom David assembled from each of the Levite clans. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

120 men

"one hundred twenty men" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

220 men

"two hundred twenty men" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 15:7-10

Connecting Statement:

This continues the list of the number of men whom David assembled from each of the Levite clans. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

1 Chronicles 15:11-12

Uriel, Asaiah, Joel, Shemaiah, Eliel, and Amminadab

These are the names of men. See how you translated them in 1 Chronicles verses 5-6 and 1 Chronicles verses 7-10. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 15:13-15

You did not carry it

"You did not carry the ark"

broke out against us

The idiom to "break out against" means to act violently toward someone. AT: "acted violently toward us" or "attacked us" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-idiom/01.md]])

we did not seek him

Here seeking Yahweh means to seek his counsel. AT: "we did not ask him for instructions" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

the rules given by the word of Yahweh

The word "word" can be translated with a verb. This can be stated in active form. AT: "the rules that the word of Yahweh had given" or "the rules that Yahweh had spoken" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-abstractnouns/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 15:16-18

General Information:

This begins the list of men whom the Levites appointed to sing and play music as the people brought the ark to Jerusalem. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

cymbals

two thin, round metal plates that are hit together to make a loud sound. See how you translated this in 1 Chronicles 13:8. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-unknown/01.md]])

lifting up their voices

This idiom means to sing loudly. AT: "singing loudly" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-idiom/01.md]])

With them were their kinsmen of second rank

This likely means that these men served in lower positions and were assistants to Heman, Asaph, and Ethan. AT: "With them were their kinsmen who were in a lower position of power" or "The following relatives would help them" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-ordinal/01.md]])

Mikneiah, Obed Edom, and Jeiel, the gatekeepers

The word "gatekeepers" refers to people who guard gates or entryways. Here it refers to guarding access to the ark of the covenant and applies to Obed Edom and Jeiel. AT: "Mikneiah, and the gatekeepers, Obed Edom and Jeiel" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 15:19-21

Connecting Statement:

This continues the list of men whom the Levites appointed to sing and play music as the people brought the ark to Jerusalem. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

The musicians Heman, Asaph, and Ethan were appointed

This can be stated in active form. AT: "The Levites appointed the musicians Heman, Asaph, and Ethan" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

cymbals

Alamoth ... Sheminith

The meaning of these words is not clear but may refer to a style of music. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-unknown/01.md]])

led the way

"led the other musicians" or "led the processional"

translationWords

[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/other/bronze.md]]

1 Chronicles 15:22-24

Connecting Statement:

translationWords

1 Chronicles 15:25-26

the commanders over thousands

Possible meanings are 1) the word "thousands" represents the exact amount of soldiers that each of these commanders and led. AT: "the commanders of 1,000 soldiers" or 2) the word translated as "thousands" does not represent an exact numbers but is the name of a large military division. AT: "the commanders of large military divisions" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

Obed Edom

This is the name of a man. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 15:27-28

David was clothed with a robe of fine linen, as were the Levites who carried the ark, the singers, and Kenaniah, the leader of the song with the singers

This can be stated in active form. AT: "David, the Levites who carried the ark, the singers, and Kenaniah, the leader of the song with the singers all wore fine linen robes" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

linen

a cloth made from fibers of the flax plant

Kenaniah

This is the name of a man. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

So all Israel brought up the ark

Here the word "all" is a generalization. AT: "So a great crowd of Israelites brought up the ark" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-hyperbole/01.md]])

cymbals

translationWords

1 Chronicles 15:29

as the ark of the covenant of Yahweh came to the city of David

"as the people brought the ark of the covenant of Yahweh to the city of David"

Michal

This is the name of David's wife. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

she despised him in her heart

Here "heart" represents thoughts or emotions. AT: "she despised him" or "she hated him" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 16

1 Chronicles 16:intro-0

1 Chronicles 16 General Notes

Structure and formatting

Chapters 15 and 16 tell how David organized the priests and Levites. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/priest.md]])

Some translations indent each line of poetry to make it easier to read. The ULB does this with the poetic song in 16:8-36.

Special concepts in this chapter

# David's psalm

As David organized the priests in their work in the tent, he wrote a psalm of praise to Yahweh.

1 Chronicles 16:1-3

General Information:

The word "they" in these verses refers to the priests and Levites.

before God

"to God"

When David had finished sacrificing the burnt offering and the fellowship offerings

This is a metonym for David directing the priests, who performed the actual sacrifices. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

he blessed the people in the name of Yahweh

To bless "in the name of Yahweh" means to bless with Yahweh's power and authority or as his representative. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

He distributed to every Israelite

This was done under David's authority and direction. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

cake of raisins

a baked sweet bread made with dried grapes

translationWords

1 Chronicles 16:4-6

Zechariah, Jaaziel, Shemiramoth, Jehiel, Mattithiah, Eliab, Benaiah, Obed Edom, and Jeiel ... Benaiah and Jahaziel

These are the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

second to him

This means next to him in authority and position. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-ordinal/01.md]])

cymbals

These are two thin, round metal plates that are hit together to make a loud sound. See how you translated this in 1 Chronicles 13:8. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-unknown/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 16:7-9

on that day

Here "that day" refers to the day the ark of the covenant was moved from the house of Obed Edom to Jerusalem.

song of thanksgiving

"song of giving thanks"

call on his name

Here "his name" represents Yahweh. AT: "call on Yahweh" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

the nations

This refers to the people in the nations. AT: "the people of the nations" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 16:10-11

Boast in his holy name

Here "his holy name" represents Yahweh. AT: "Boast in who Yahweh is" or "Boast in Yahweh" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

let the heart of those who seek Yahweh rejoice

Here "the heart" represents the person who seeks Yahweh. AT: "let the people who seek Yahweh rejoice" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-synecdoche/01.md]])

Seek Yahweh and his strength

To "seek Yahweh's strength" means to ask him to strengthen you. AT: "Seek Yahweh and ask him to give you his strength" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-idiom/01.md]])

seek his presence continually

"seek to be near him always"

translationWords

1 Chronicles 16:12-14

Recall the marvelous things

"Remember the marvelous things"

his miracles and

The understood verb may be supplied. AT: "remember his miracles and" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-ellipsis/01.md]])

decrees from his mouth

Here "mouth" refers to the things that Yahweh spoke. AT: "decrees that he has spoken" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

you descendants of Israel his servant, you people of Jacob, his chosen ones

These phrases share similar meanings and are used for emphasis. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-parallelism/01.md]])

His decrees are on all the earth

Here "all the earth" refers to all the people of the earth. AT: "His laws are for all the people of the earth" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 16:15-18

Keep his covenant ... for a thousand generations

These two phrases share similar meanings and are used together for emphasis. Here "word" refers to the covenant. AT: "Keep his covenant in mind forever, the promise that he made for a thousand generations" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-parallelism/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

Keep his covenant in mind

This means to remember and think about his covenant. AT: "Remember his covenant" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-idiom/01.md]])

a thousand generations

"1,000 generations" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

He calls to mind

The phrase "calls to mind" means to remember something. AT: "He remembers" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-idiom/01.md]])

the covenant that he made with Abraham, and his oath to Isaac

Both "the covenant" and "the oath" refer to the same promise that Yahweh made to his people. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-parallelism/01.md]])

his oath to Isaac

This refers to the oath that he had previously made to Issac. AT: "his oath that he made to Isaac" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-ellipsis/01.md]])

as your share

"as your part"

translationWords

1 Chronicles 16:19-22

Connecting Statement:

The words "you," "they," "them," and "their" in these verses refer to Israel.

strangers in the land

It is implied that "the land" refers to Canaan. AT: "foreigners in the land of Canaan" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

from nation to nation, from one kingdom to another

These two phrases have similar meanings and are used together for emphasis. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-parallelism/01.md]])

for their sakes

"for their own well-being"

Do not touch my anointed ones

Here "touch" means to harm. It is an exaggeration Yahweh used to strengthen his warning to not harm his people. AT: "Do not harm the people I have anointed" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-hyperbole/01.md]])

Tremble

shake because of fear

all the earth

This is a metonym for all the people who live on the earth. AT: "all the people of the earth" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

Let the heavens be glad, and let the earth rejoice

Possible meanings are 1) the heavens and the earth are spoken of as if they have emotions like people. AT: "Let it be as if the heavens are glad and the earth rejoices" or 2) "the heavens" and "the earth" are metonyms for those who dwell in those places. AT: "Let those who live in the heavens be glad and let those who live on the earth rejoice" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-personification/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 16:32-33

that which fills it shout with joy

The implied information is that this refers to all the creatures living in the sea. They are spoken of as if they should shout with joy like people might do. AT: "the sea creatures shout joyfully" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-personification/01.md]])

Let the fields be joyful, and all that is in them

"Let the fields and all that is in them be joyful." The author speaks as if the fields and the animals that live in them have emotions like people. AT: "Let it be as if the fields themselves and all the animals that live in them are rejoicing" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-personification/01.md]])

let the trees in the forest shout for joy

This speaks about the trees as if they were people who could shout for joy. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-personification/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 16:34-35

for his covenant faithfulness endures forever

The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be stated as "faithfully" or "faithful." AT: "for he faithfully loves us forever" or "for he is faithful to his covenant forever" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-abstractnouns/01.md]])

from the other nations

Here "the other nations" represents the people in those nations. AT: "from the people of other nations" or "from the armies of other nations" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

give thanks to your holy name

Here Yahweh is referred to by his "holy name." AT: "give thanks to you" or "give thanks to Yahweh" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 16:36

from everlasting to everlasting

This refers to two extremes and means for all time. AT: "for all eternity" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-merism/01.md]])

All the people

This is a generalization that refers to the group of people assembled to worship Yahweh. AT: "The people" or "Everyone who was there" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-hyperbole/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 16:37-39

his brothers

"his relatives"

as every day's work required

The implied information is that they were to perform the daily duties that were given in the law of Yahweh. AT: "as was required every day by the law" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

Obed Edom ... Jeduthun ... Hosah

These were the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

sixty-eight relatives

"68 relatives" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

to serve before the tabernacle

"to serve at the tabernacle"

translationWords

1 Chronicles 16:40-41

General Information:

The words "They" and "them" in these verses refer to the priests.

continually morning

"every day, morning"

Heman and Jeduthun

These were the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 16:42-43

cymbals

guarded the gate

The implied information is that they were to guard the entrance to the tabernacle. AT: "guarded the tabernacle gate" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 17

1 Chronicles 17:intro-0

1 Chronicles 17 General Notes

Special concepts in this chapter

# Building the temple

David wanted to build a temple for God but God would not allow him to. Instead he promised that his son, Solomon, would build the temple and he promised David would have a descendant who would be king forever. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/temple.md]], [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/promise.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/forever.md]])

1 Chronicles 17:1-2

It happened

This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/writing-newevent/01.md]])

settled

comfortable and happy, without the desire to move or change

I am living in a house of cedar

Cedar is a kind of tree that is known for its strength. If you have an equivalent type of tree in your culture, you can use that name, otherwise you can reword this. AT: "I am living in a strong, permanent house" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

the ark of the covenant of Yahweh is staying under a tent

Tents are temporary dwellings. If you do not have tents in your culture, you can word this differently. AT: "the ark of the covenant of Yahweh is staying in a temporary place" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

do what is in your heart

Here "heart" represents the mind. AT: "do what you think you should" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

God is with you

Here "with you" means God is helping and blessing David. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-idiom/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 17:3-6

the word of God came to Nathan, saying, "Go

The idiom "the word of God came to" is used to introduce a special message from God. AT: "God gave a message to Nathan. He said, 'Go" or "God spoke this message to Nathan: 'Go" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-idiom/01.md]])

saying, "Go and tell David my servant, 'This is what Yahweh says: You will not build me a house in which to live

This has quotations within quotations. It may be necessary to translate them as indirect quotations. AT: "saying, 'Go and tell David my servant that he will not be the one to build a house in which I will live" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-quotesinquotes/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-quotations/01.md]])

build me a house

Here "house" means a temple. In 1 Chronicles 17:10 Yahweh will say that he will build a house for David. There "house" means a family. If your language has a word that can express both ideas, use it here and in 17:10.

that I brought up Israel

The implied information is that this refers to God bringing up Israel out of the land of Egypt. AT: "that I brought the Israelites to the promised land from the land of Egypt" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

a tent, a tabernacle

Both the words "tent" and "tabernacle" describe the same thing and emphasize that he had lived in a place that was not a permanent building. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-doublet/01.md]])

did I ever say anything to any of Israel's leaders whom I appointed to shepherd my people, saying, "Why have you not built me a house of cedar?"

This has a quotation within a quotation. The direct quotation can be stated as an indirect quotation. AT: "did I ever ask any of Israel's leaders, whom I appointed to shepherd my people, why they had not built me a house of cedar?" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-quotesinquotes/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-quotations/01.md]])

did I ever say anything to any of Israel's leaders

Yahweh uses a question to emphasize that he never asked any of Israel's leaders to build him a house. AT: "I never said anything to any of Israel's leaders" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-rquestion/01.md]])

whom I appointed to shepherd my people

Those who are leaders of the people of Israel are spoken of as if they were shepherds and the people were sheep. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

Why have you not built me a house of cedar?

If Yahweh had asked the leaders this question, he would have been using a question to scold them for not building him a house of cedar. But, Yahweh said previously that he did not ask them this question. AT: "You should have built me a house of cedar." (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-rquestion/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 17:7-8

General Information:

Yahweh describes his promises to King David through the prophet Nathan.

Now

This does not mean "at this moment," but is used to draw attention to the important point that follows.

tell my servant David

Yahweh is still telling the prophet Nathan what he should tell David.

I took you from the pasture

David's job as a shepherd is referred to by the place he watched his sheep. AT: "I took you from your job as a shepherd" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

pasture

an area of land where animals feed on the grass. See how you translated this word in 1 Chronicles 4:39 and 4:40.

I have been with you

Here "with you" means that Yahweh has helped and blessed David. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-idiom/01.md]])

cut off all your enemies

Yahweh destroying David's enemies is spoken of as if Yahweh cut them off, as one would cut a piece of cloth or cut a branch from a tree. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

I will make you a name

Here "name" represents a person's reputation. AT: "I will make your name to be great and well known" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

the great ones

The phrase "great ones" means famous persons.

translationWords

1 Chronicles 17:9-10

Connecting Statement:

God continues describing his promises to King David through the prophet Nathan.

General Information:

The words "your" and "you" in these verses refer to David.

I will appoint a place

"I will choose a place"

will plant them there

God causing the people to live in the land permanently and securely is spoken of as if he would plant them in the land. AT: "I will settle them there" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

be troubled no more

This can be stated in active form. AT: "no one will ever trouble them" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

from the days

Here "days" represents a longer period of time. AT: "from the time" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

I commanded judges

After the people of Israel entered the land of Canaan and before they had kings to rule them, God appointed leaders called "judges" to lead them in times of trouble.

to be over my people Israel

To be in authority is referred to as being over someone. AT: "to rule my people Israel" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-idiom/01.md]])

subdue

make a person or animal unable to attack

build you a house

Here the metonym "house" refers to David's ancestors continuing on as the rulers of Israel. In 1 Chronicles 17:4 God told David he would not be the one to build a house for Yahweh. There "house" represented a temple. If your language has a word that can express both ideas, use it here and in 17:4. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 17:11-12

Connecting Statement:

Yahweh continues describing his promises to King David through the prophet Nathan.

It will come about

"It will happen"

when your days are fulfilled for you to go to your fathers

The two phrases "when your days are fulfilled" and "go to your fathers" have similar meanings and are combined for emphasis. They both are polite ways to refer to death and dying. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-parallelism/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-euphemism/01.md]])

I will raise up your descendant after you

God appointing David's descendant is spoken of as if Yahweh would raise or lift him up. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

I will establish his throne forever

The right to rule as king is described by the place where a king sits. AT: "I will make his rule over Israel to last forever" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 17:13-15

Connecting Statement:

Yahweh continues describing his promises to King David through the prophet Nathan.

I will be a father to him, and he will be my son

The prophecy in 17:11-14 refers to Solomon, David's son. But, aspects of the prophecy will be fulfilled by Jesus. So, here it is best to translate the words "father" and "son" with your normal words for a biological father and son.

I will not take my covenant faithfulness away from him, as I took it from Saul

The abstract noun "faithfulness" can be translated as "faithfully." AT: "I will never stop faithfully loving him, as I stopped loving Saul" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-abstractnouns/01.md]])

I will set him over my house and in my kingdom forever, and his throne will be established forever

These two phrases have similar meanings and emphasize that David's dynasty will last forever. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-parallelism/01.md]])

his throne will be established forever

This can be stated in active form. AT: "I will establish his throne forever" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

his throne

A king's right to rule is referred to by the place a king sits. AT: "his right to rule" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

reported to him

"told him"

all these words

Here "words" represents what Yahweh said. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 17:16-18

he said

"David said"

Who am I, Yahweh God, and what is my family, that you have brought me to this point?

David asks this question to express the deep emotion he felt from hearing Yahweh's proclamation. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. AT: "My family and I are not worthy of this honor, Yahweh God." (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-rquestion/01.md]])

this was a small thing

Something that is not important is described as being small. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-idiom/01.md]])

in your sight

Here sight represents judgment or evaluation. AT: "in your judgment" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

your servant's family

Here David refers to himself as "your servant." This can be stated in first person. AT: "my family" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-123person/01.md]])

for a great while to come

This speaks about time as if it were something that travels and arrives somewhere. AT: "and what will happen to them in the future" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

What more can I, David, say to you?

David uses this question to emphasize that he has nothing left to say to Yahweh. AT: "There is nothing more I can say to you." (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-rquestion/01.md]])

your servant

Here David refers to himself as "your servant." This can be stated in first person. AT: "me" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-123person/01.md]])

You have honored your servant. You have given your servant special recognition

These two phrases have similar meanings and are repeated for emphasis. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-parallelism/01.md]])

You have given your servant special recognition

The abstract noun "recognition" can be translated using the verb "recognize." AT: "You have recognized your servant in a special way" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-abstractnouns/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 17:19-21

Connecting Statement:

David continues to speak to Yahweh.

your servant's sake

Here David refers to himself as "your servant." This can be stated in first person. AT: "my sake" or "my benefit" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-123person/01.md]])

to fulfill your own purpose

"to accomplish what you planned to do"

there is none like you, and there is no God besides you

These phrases have similar meaning and are repeated for emphasis. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-parallelism/01.md]])

as we have always heard

Here "we" refers to David and the nation of Israel. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-exclusive/01.md]])

what nation on earth ... by great and awesome deeds?

This question expects a negative answer to make the point that there was no other nation like Israel. It can be translated as a statement. AT: "there is no nation on earth ... by great and awesome deeds." (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-rquestion/01.md]])

you rescued from Egypt

The implied information is that they were rescued from slavery. AT: "you rescued from slavery in Egypt" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

to make a name for yourself

Here "name" represents Yahweh's reputation. AT: "to make all people know who you are" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

You drove out nations

Here "nations" represents the people groups that were living in Canaan. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 17:22-24

Connecting Statement:

David continues to speak to Yahweh.

So now

Here "now" does not mean "at this moment," but is used to draw attention to the important point that follows.

may the promise that you made concerning your servant and his family be established forever

This can be stated in active form. AT: "may you do what you promised to me and my family, and may your promise never change" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

your servant and his family

David is speaking about himself in the third person. This can be stated in the first person. AT: "me and my family" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-123person/01.md]])

May your name

Here "name" represents Yahweh's reputation. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

the house of me, David, your servant

Here "house" represents family. AT: "my family" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

is established before you

This can be stated in active form. AT: "is secure because of you" or "continues because of you" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 17:25-27

Connecting Statement:

David continues to speak to Yahweh.

your servant

David refers to himself as "your servant." This can be expressed in the first person. AT: "me" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-123person/01.md]])

that you will build him a house

Here the metonym "house" refers to David's ancestors continuing on as the rulers of Israel. In 1 Chronicles 17:4 Yahweh tells David he would not be the one to build a house for Yahweh. There "house" represented a temple. If your language has a word that can express both ideas, use it here and in 17:4. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

I, your servant, have found courage

The abstract noun "courage" can be expressed here as the verb "encouraged." AT: "I, your servant, am encouraged"

Now

This does not mean "at this moment," but is used to draw attention to the important point that follows.

your servant's house

David speaks of himself in the third person. This can be expressed in the first person. AT: "my house" or "my family" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-123person/01.md]])

You, Yahweh, have blessed it, and it will be blessed forever

These two phrases have about the same meaning and are repeated here for emphasis. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-parallelism/01.md]])

it will be blessed forever

This can be stated in active form. AT: "you will continue to bless it forever" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 18

1 Chronicles 18:intro-0

1 Chronicles 18 General Notes

Special concepts in this chapter

# David's victories

David conquered all kingdoms neighboring Israel. The gold, silver and bronze he received from these victories, he saved for building the temple. This may indicate that he believed that the victories were because of Yahweh and therefore the goods received in victory belonged to him. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/temple.md]])

1 Chronicles 18:1-2

After this

"After God's promise to bless David"

it came about

This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.

translationWords

1 Chronicles 18:3-4

David then defeated Hadadezer

Here David and Hadadezer are spoken of as if they were alone, but the reader should understand that these kings represent their armies that were with them. AT: "David and his army then defeated the army of Hadadezer" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

Hadadezer

This is the name of a man. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Zobah

This is the name of a country.

was traveling to establish his rule by the Euphrates River

"was going to the Euphrates river to conquer people in that area"

a thousand chariots

"1,000 chariots" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

seven thousand horsemen

These are soldiers who rode on horses. "7,000 horsemen" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

twenty thousand footmen

These are soldiers who walked. "20,000 footmen" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

hamstrung all the chariot horses

David had his soldiers cut the hamstring muscles on the backs of the horses' thighs so they would no longer be able to run.

reserved

to keep for a special use

a hundred chariots

"100 chariots" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 18:5-6

killed twenty-two thousand

"killed 22,000" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

garrisons

groups of soldiers assigned to particular areas

Yahweh gave victory to David

"Yahweh caused David to be victorious"

translationWords

1 Chronicles 18:7-8

Hadadezer

This was the king of Zobah. See how you translated his name in 1 Chronicles 18:3.

that were on Hadadezer's servants

"that Hadadezar's servants carried"

Tebah ... Kun

These are the names of cities. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

very much bronze

"a large quantity of bronze"

It was with this bronze that Solomon later made the bronze basin called "The Sea," the pillars, and the bronze equipment

The writer adds this background information to explain what would happen to this bronze at a later time. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/writing-background/01.md]])

the bronze basin called "The Sea,"

This a large bronze bowl, about 5 meters across, that was kept in the temple for ceremonial washing.

translationWords

1 Chronicles 18:9-11

Tou ... Hadoram

These are the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

fought against

"been at war with"

set these objects apart to Yahweh

"decided that these objects would only be used to worship Yahweh"

he carried away from all the nations

"David took from all the nations that he defeated"

translationWords

1 Chronicles 18:12-13

Abishai ... Zeruiah

These are names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

eighteen thousand Edomites

"18,000 Edomites" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

Valley of Salt

This is the name of a valley between Edom and Judah that was used as a battlefield.

translationWords

1 Chronicles 18:14-17

over all Israel

"over all the Israelites"

he administered justice and righteousness to all his people

The abstract nouns "justice" and "righteousness" can be translated as adjectives. AT: "he did what was just and right for all his people" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-abstractnouns/01.md]])

Zeruiah ... Ahilud ... Ahitub ... Abiathar ... Shavsha ... Benaiah ... Jehoiada

These are the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

recorder

the person who writes down details of special events

Ahimelech

This spelling represents a correction of the spelling "Abimelech," which some versions follow. The corrected spelling makes this verse agree with 2 Samuel 8:17.

Zadok son of Ahitub and Ahimelech son of Abiathar were priests

Some versions correct this to say that Ahitub and Ahimelech were high priests.

Kerethites ... Pelethites

These are the names of foreign people groups who became David's bodyguards.

translationWords

1 Chronicles 19

1 Chronicles 19:intro-0

1 Chronicles 19 General Notes

Structure and formatting

This is the beginning of the story about the war against the Ammonites. This story continues in the first part of the next chapter.

Special concepts in this chapter

# Insults

The young king of Ammon insulted David when he had David's servants shaved and cut off their garments. Knowing David was going to attack him for this, he hired mercenaries from Aram to help him. Israel was able to defeat the Aramean mercenaries.

"heard that the Ammonites were coming out for war"

to meet them

"to fight against them"

at the city gate

this refers to the gate of the Ammonite capital city

the kings who had come

this refers to the Aramean kings that the Ammonites hired to help them fight Israel

by themselves in the field

in the field outside the city, separate from the Ammonites

translationWords

1 Chronicles 19:10-11

the battle lines ... put them into battle lines

"the enemy soldiers lined up for battle ... arranged his soldiers in lines for battle"

Abishai

This is the name of Joab's brother. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 19:12-13

Be strong ... show ourselves to be strong

"Be brave ... behave bravely"

for our people and for the cities of our God

"for the sake of our people and for the cities of our God" or "to protect our people and the cities of our God"

what is good in his eyes

Here sight represents judgment or evaluation. AT: "what he considers to be good" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 19:14-15

advanced to the battle

"moved forward to the battle" or "approached the enemy soldiers in the battle"

Then Joab returned ... and went back to Jerusalem

It does not appear that Joab and his soldiers continued to attack the Ammonites in their city. When the Ammonites went into their city, the battle ended and the Israelites returned home.

translationWords

1 Chronicles 19:16-17

General Information:

Verses 16-19 describes a second battle when the Arameans who fled from Joab in 1 Chronicles 19:15 were reinforced by other Arameans and attacked Israel again.

the Arameans saw

What the Arameans understood is spoken of as what they saw. AT: "the Arameans understood" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

sent for reinforcements

"requested more soliders"

Shophak ... Hadadezer

These are the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

When David was told this

This can be stated in active form. AT: When David's messengers told him that a larger Aramean army was coming" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

he gathered ... He arranged

David did not do these things alone. His official and officers helped him. AT: "David and his officials gathered ... David and his officers arranged" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-synecdoche/01.md]])

all Israel

This is a generalization. Not every person in Israel came to fight. AT: "a very large number of Israelites" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-hyperbole/01.md]])

He arranged

"He organized"

they fought him

Here "him" refers to David's soldiers, in addition to David. AT: "the Arameans fought David and his soldiers" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-synecdoche/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 19:18-19

killed seven thousand ... forty thousand

" killed 7,000 ... 40,000" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

they were defeated by Israel

This can be stated in active form. AT: "Israel had defeated them" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

they made peace with David and served them

They made the peace agreement with David as the king, and served the Israelites.

translationWords

1 Chronicles 20

1 Chronicles 20:intro-0

1 Chronicles 20 General Notes

Structure and formatting

This chapter ends the story of the war with Ammon and tells of giants being killed by David's soldiers.

Special concepts in this chapter

# "When kings normally go to war"

It was advantageous for kings to go to war in the springtime. This was possibly due to the weather being neither too hot nor too cold.

Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter

# "It came about"

This is a phrase used to indicate the next event in a series. It can often be translated as "after," "then" or "next."

1 Chronicles 20:1

It came about

This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.

at the time when kings normally go to war

This is background information from the author. It was harder to fight wars in the cold winter, so kings normally waited for spring to attack their enemies. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/writing-background/01.md]])

kings normally go to war ... Joab led the army into battle

Here "kings" is a metonym that means the kings sent their armies into battle. Joab was the commander of David's army. AT: "kings normally send their armies to war ... Joab led David's army into battle" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

devastated the land

"destroyed the land." This refers to when an army will ruin the land where their enemies grow food.

He went and besieged Rabbah

"He" refers to the soldiers as well as Joab. AT: "Joab and his soldiers surrounded Rabbah" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 20:2-3

talent

about 33 kilograms (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-bmoney/01.md]])

The crown was set on David's head

This can be stated in active form. Possible meanings are 1) David put the crown on his own head or 2) David's men placed the crown on his head. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

he brought out ... He brought out

These two occurrences of "he" refer to David, but they also refer to David's soldiers who helped David do these things. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-synecdoche/01.md]])

plunder

valuable items taken in war

forced them to work with saws and iron picks and axes

These terms describe difficult manual labor that the defeated people were forced to do.

David required all the cities of the people

The people are referred to by their city. AT: "David required all the peoples of the cities" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 20:4-5

It came about

This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.

there was a battle at Gezer with the Philistines

"the Israelites battled the Philistines at Gezer"

Gezer ... Gob

These are the names of cities. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Sibbekai ... Sippai ... Elhanan ... Jair ... Lahmi

These are the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Hushathite ... Rephaim ... Bethlehemite ... Gittite

These are the names of people groups.

the Philistines were subdued

This can be stated in active form. AT: "they subdued the Philistines" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

the Philistines were subdued

This can be translated in active form. AT: "the Israelites were able to subdue the Philistines" or "the Philistines were brought under the Israelites' control"

staff

a long and thin pole.

the staff of whose spear was like a weaver's beam

A weaver's beam was a very large piece of wood used to stretch strings as the threads of a rug are weaved together around them. This means the handle of Lahmi's spear was very large.

translationWords

1 Chronicles 20:6-8

It came about

This phrase is used here to mark the beginning of a new part of the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.

Rephaim

This is the name given to a race of people who were very tall and strong. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Jehonadab ... Shimea

These are the names of men.

These were descendants of the Rephaim of Gath

Here "these" refer to Sippai in 1 Chronicles 20:4, Lahmi in 1 Chronicles 20:5, and the giant in verse 6.

they were killed by the hand of David and by the hand of his soldiers

David and his soldiers are referred to by the part of their bodies used to hold a sword. This can be stated in active form. AT: "David and his soldiers killed the descendants of the Rephaim" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-synecdoche/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 21

1 Chronicles 21:intro-0

1 Chronicles 21 General Notes

Special concepts in this chapter

# Trust

To trust in one's own power instead of God's protection is a sin. David had been trusting God to protect him, but now he counted the men of military age so he could know the strength of his army. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/trust.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/sin.md]])

1 Chronicles 21:1-3

An adversary arose against Israel

Possible meanings of "adversary" are 1) this refers to Satan who decided to cause trouble for Israel or 2) this refers to an enemy army that began to threaten Israel.

incited David to count Israel

"caused David to do wrong, to count Israel." If your language has a word for getting someone to become angry and do something he knows is wrong, you should use it here.

count the people of Israel ... that I may know their number

It is apparent from 1 Chronicles 21:5 that David wanted to count only the men who were able to fight.

from Beersheba to Dan

The Israelites considered these two cities their most southern and most northern cities. David uses these cities to refer to all of Israel. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-merism/01.md]])

a hundred times greater than it is

Joab expresses the desire for an army the size of 100 armies to say he would like the army to have more soldiers and be more powerful. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-hyperbole/01.md]])

But my master the king, do they not all serve my master? Why does my master want this? Why bring guilt on Israel?

Job uses these three rhetorical questions to tell David that the census was a bad idea. It appears that David was trusting the size of his army instead of trusting Yahweh, and thus making Israel guilty of sin. These rhetorical questions can be translated as statements. AT: But my master the king, they all serve you already. My master should not request this. You will only bring guilt on the people of Israel by trusting your military power." (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-rquestion/01.md]])

Why does my master want this?

The word "this" refers to David's plan to count all the men of Israel.

translationWords

1 Chronicles 21:4-5

the king's word was enforced against Joab

"the command of the king prevailed despite Joab's objections"

So Joab left and went throughout all Israel

It is understood from David's command in 1 Chronicles 21:2 that Joab went to count the people of Israel. It can be stated clearly. AT: "So Joab left and went throughout all Israel to count the people" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

1,100,000 men

"one million, one hundred thousand men" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

men who drew the sword

Here the plague is spoken of as Yahweh's sword because the "sword" is a metonym for death. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

destroying throughout all the land

"killing people who live in every part of the land"

I should take to the one who sent me

The one who sent him was Yahweh. This can be stated explicitly. AT: "I should take to Yahweh who sent me" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 21:13-15

Let me fall into the hand of Yahweh rather than into the hand of man

Here "hand" represents power to harm or punish Israel. AT: "Let me be punished by Yahweh, rather than be punished by people" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

Let me fall

The people of Israel are the ones who would die from the plague, but David is personalizing this judgment as if he himself was being killed.

hand of man

Here "man" is used in the generic sense of "people."

his merciful actions are very great

"Yahweh is very merciful"

on Israel

Here Israel is a metonym that represents the people of Israel. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

seventy thousand people died

"70,000 people died" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

changed his mind about the harm

Here "mind" represents his decision. AT: "decided not to destroy Jerusalem" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

Enough!

This exclamation means "You have killed enough people!" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-exclamations/01.md]])

draw back your hand

This is an idiom that means to stop doing something. AT: "do not kill attack the people of Jerusalem" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-idiom/01.md]])

Ornan

This is the name of a man. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 21:16-17

standing between earth and heaven

This is symbolic language to indicate that the angel was sent from Yahweh in heaven to judge the people on the earth. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/writing-symlanguage/01.md]])

having a drawn sword in his hand raised over Jerusalem

The angel holding a sword in his hand is a symbolic action that shows he is ready to attack Jerusalem. This is symbolic, because the judgment was sickness. AT: "holding a sword in his hand as if ready to attack Jerusalem" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-symaction/01.md]])

clothed in sackcloth, lay facedown on the ground

These were symbols of repentance. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-symaction/01.md]])

Is it not I that commanded that the army be numbered?

David uses this question to emphasize that his is the one who sinned by counting the people. AT: "I am the one who commanded that the army be numbered." (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-rquestion/01.md]])

But these sheep

David speaks of the people of Israel as if they were sheep, who are known for trusting and following their leader. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

what have they done?

David uses this question to asks God not to punish the people. This rhetorical question can be translated as a statement. AT: "they certainly have done nothing that deserves punishment." (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-rquestion/01.md]])

Let your hand strike me and my family

Here "hand" represents Yahweh's power to punish. AT: "Punish me and my family" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 21:18-20

David should go up ... went up

This is a reference to elevation. This threshing floor which became the future site of the temple was the highest point in Jerusalem.

Ornan

See how you translated this man's name in 1 Chronicles 21:15.

as Gad instructed him to do in the name of Yahweh

Speaking "in the name of Yahweh" means speaking with his power and authority, or as his representative. AT: "as Gad, speaking for Yahweh, instructed David to do" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

hid themselves

They were afraid of the angel. This can be made explicit. AT: "hid themselves because they were afraid of the angel" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 21:21-22

with his face to the ground

This phrase describes that Ornan bowed far forward. To bow before someone is a way to show humility and respect. A deeper bow shows greater humility and respect. AT: "bowed very low to the ground" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-symaction/01.md]])

full price

"I will pay the full price for what this threshing floor is worth"

translationWords

1 Chronicles 21:23-24

Take it as your own

This implies that David should take the land without paying for it. AT: "Take it as a gift" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

what is good in your sight

David's understanding is described as his sight. AT: "whatever you decide to do with it" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

threshing sledges

These are wooden sleds with rocks or metal fitted underneath, dragged by oxen over the grain on the threshing floor to separate the grain from its stalks. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-unknown/01.md]])

full price

See how you translated this in 1 Chronicles 21:22.

translationWords

1 Chronicles 21:25-27

six hundred shekels of gold

"600 shekels of gold" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

shekels

a unit of weight equal to about 11 grams (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-bmoney/01.md]])

for the place

"to buy the threshing floor"

He called on Yahweh

"He prayed for help to Yahweh"

who answered him with fire from heaven on the altar for burnt offerings

"who answered him by sending fire from heaven to the alter where David would offer the burnt offerings"

the angel put his sword back into its sheath

The angel putting his sword back in the sheath is a symbolic action to show that he would not continue to kill the people. AT: the angel put his sword in its sheath to show that he would stop killing the people" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-symaction/01.md]])

sheath

cover for a sword or knife

translationWords

1 Chronicles 21:28-30

Ornan

Translate his name as in 1 Chronicles 21:15.

Now at that time ... the angel of Yahweh

Verses 29-30 are background information to explain why David offered this sacrifice at the threshing floor instead of on the altar at the tabernacle. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/writing-background/01.md]])

to ask for God's direction

"to ask God to tell him what he should do"

afraid of the sword of the angel of Yahweh

Here "sword" represents being killed by the angel of Yahweh. AT: "afraid he would be killed by the angel of Yahweh" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 22

1 Chronicles 22:intro-0

1 Chronicles 22 General Notes

Structure and formatting

This chapter begins a new section lasting for the remainder of the book. David begins preparing the things needed for building the temple. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/temple.md]])

Special concepts in this chapter

# Solomon

In addition to preparing for the construction of the temple by gathering supplies, David also prepares his son, Solomon, to build the temple. David instructs Solomon to obey God. This is what is most necessary.

1 Chronicles 22:1-2

This is where

"This threshing floor is where"

stonecutters

persons who gathered large stones and cut them to the correct size so builders could use the rocks in walls and buildings

translationWords

1 Chronicles 22:3-5

braces

items that connect two things together. "clamps" or "hinges"

more bronze than could be weighed

This is an exaggeration to show that there was a very large quantity of bronze. This can be stated in active form. AT: "so much bronze that no one could weigh it" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-hyperbole/01.md]])

more cedar trees than could be counted

This is an exaggeration to show that there was a very large number of cedar trees. This can be stated in active form. AT: "so many cedar trees that no one could count them" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-hyperbole/01.md]])

The Sidonians and the Tyrians brought too many cedar logs to David to count

This is background information to explain who provided so many logs. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/writing-background/01.md]])

the house that is to be built for Yahweh

This can be stated in active form. AT: "the house that he will build for Yahweh" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

so that it will be famous and glorious in all other lands

Here the word "lands" refers to the people who lived there. AT: "so that people in every other land will know about it and think that it is glorious" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

prepare for its building

"prepare to build it"

translationWords

1 Chronicles 22:6-8

he called

"David called"

commanded him to build ... my intention to build

The readers should understand that David intended for laborers to do the actual work. AT: "commanded him to oversee the building of a house for Yahweh ... my plan to oversee the building of the house myself" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

it was my intention

"I intended"

to build a house myself

The reflexive "myself" means that David originally planned to build the temple. AT: "that I would be the one to build the temple" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-rpronouns/01.md]])

for the name of Yahweh my God

Here "name" represents God's honor. AT: "in order to honor Yahweh my God" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

shed much blood

Here the killing of people is spoken of as shedding their blood, where "blood" represents their lives. AT: "killed many people" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

for my name

Here "name" represents God's honor. AT: "to honor me" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

you have shed ... in my sight

Here "sight" refers to what God has seen. AT: "I have seen that you have shed much blood on the earth" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 22:9-10

Connecting Statement:

David continues telling Solomon what Yahweh said to him.

be a peaceful man

"live at peace with everyone"

give him rest from all his enemies

"cause there to be peace between him and all his enemies"

on every side

This means in every place surrounding Israel.

For his name will be Solomon

The name "Solomon" sounds like the Hebrew word for "peace." This can be made explicit. AT: "His name will be Solomon, which sounds like the word for peace" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

in his days

"while he rules"

a house for my name

Here "name" refers to honor. AT: "a temple to honor me" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

He will be my son, and I will be his father

God will treat Solomon as if he were God's own son. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

I will establish the throne of his kingdom over Israel forever

Here "throne" refers to the authority to rule as king. AT: "I will make his descendants rule over Israel forever" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 22:11-13

Connecting Statement:

David continues speaking to Solomon.

Now

David uses this word to introduce something important he is about to say.

May you build

Solomon would not personally do the building, but he would direct others to do it. AT: "May you direct people to build" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

when he places you in charge over Israel

"when he makes you king of Israel"

Be strong and courageous ... Do not fear or be discouraged

These two sentences mean the same thing, stated in different ways in order to emphasize that Solomon should not be afraid. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-parallelism/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 22:14

Connecting Statement:

David continues speaking to Solomon.

Now, see, at great

The words "Now, see" introduce something important David is about to say. AT: "Listen! At great"

at great effort I have prepared

"I have worked hard to prepare"

100,000 talents

"one hundred thousand talents" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

talents

about 33 kilograms (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-bmoney/01.md]])

one million

"1,000,000" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

You must add more to all this

"You will need to increase that amount"

translationWords

1 Chronicles 22:15-16

Connecting Statement:

David continues speaking to Solomon.

stonecutters, masons

These are both workers who cut stone and prepare it for builders to use in walls and buildings.

carpenters

persons who work with wood

skillful craftsmen without number of every kind

Here "without number" is an exaggeration to emphasize that there were a large number of them. AT: "a very large number of every kind of skillful craftsmen" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-hyperbole/01.md]])

may Yahweh be with you

This is an idiom that implies that Yahweh will help Solomon be successful in the project. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-idiom/01.md]])

translationWords

[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/yahweh.md]]

1 Chronicles 22:17-19

Yahweh your God is with you

This is an idiom that implies that Yahweh will help Israel to prosper. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-idiom/01.md]])

your ... you

These pronouns are plural in 1 Chronicles 22:18-19. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-you/01.md]])

has given you peace on every side

"has caused all the nations who live around Israel to live peacefully with you"

He has given the region's inhabitants into my hand

Here "hand" refers to power to defeat his enemies. AT: "He has given me power over everyone who lives around us" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

The region is subdued before Yahweh and his people

This can be stated in active form. "The other nations no longer attack Yahweh and his people" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

Now

This word introduces something important that David is about to say.

seek Yahweh your God

Seeking Yahweh represents either 1) asking God for help or 2) thinking about God and obeying him. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

with all your heart and your soul

Here "heart" and "soul" refer to the whole person. AT: "with your whole being" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-synecdoche/01.md]])

Get up and build the holy place

It is understood that Solomon will not do the work personally, but he will direct others to do it. AT: "Get up and direct the workers as they build the holy place" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

the house built for Yahweh's name

Here "name" refers to honor. This can be stated in active form. AT: "the temple you will build to honor Yahweh" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 23

1 Chronicles 23:intro-0

1 Chronicles 23 General Notes

Structure and formatting

The preparation for the construction of the temple continues in this chapter. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/temple.md]])

Special concepts in this chapter

# Organizing the Levites

As priests, the Levites had a significant role in the construction of the temple. David organized the Levites according to their families and explained what each group was to do. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/priest.md]])

1 Chronicles 23:1-3

so they were considered as one clan

This can be stated in active form. AT: "so David considered them to be one clan" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

1 Chronicles 23:12-14

General Information:

This continues the list of Levites according to their clans. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

There were four of Kohath's sons

"Kohath had 4 sons"

Aaron was chosen to set apart the most holy things

This can be stated in active form. AT: "Yahweh chose Aaron to dedicate the most holy things" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

to give blessings in his name forever

Here "in his name" refers to the authority to speak as his representative. AT: "to bless the people as representatives of God forever" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

his sons were considered to be Levites

The sons of Aaron were the most important Levite clan, but the sons of Moses were also considered to be Levites. This can be stated in active form. AT: "the people considered Moses' sons to be part of the Levite clan" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 23:15-18

General Information:

This continues the list of Levites according to their clans. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

translationWords

[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/other/descendant.md]]

1 Chronicles 23:19-20

General Information:

This continues the list of Levites according to their clans. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

the oldest ... the second ... the third ... the fourth

It can be stated that these were all sons. AT: "the oldest son ... the second son ... the third son ... the fourth son" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

1 Chronicles 23:21-23

General Information:

This continues the list of Levites according to their clans. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

translationWords

[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/other/death.md]]

1 Chronicles 23:24-26

These were Levi's descendants corresponding to their clans. They were the leaders, counted and listed by name, of the clans

This can be stated in active form. AT: "These were the names of Levi's descendants and their families, whom David's men counted and listed. They were the leaders of the clans" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

from twenty years old and upward

"from 20 years old and older" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

has given rest

Here "rest" refers to peace with surrounding nations. See how you translated a similar phrase in 1 Chronicles 22:9.

He makes his home in Jerusalem forever

Possible meanings are 1) Yahweh will be present in Jerusalem forever or 2) Yahweh's temple will be present in Jerusalem forever.

all the equipment used in its service

This can be stated in active form. AT: "all the equipment they used in its service"

translationWords

1 Chronicles 23:27-29

For by David's last words the Levites were counted

This can be stated in active form. AT: "For David's last command was for his men to count the Levites" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

from twenty years old and upward

"who were 20 years old and older." See how you translated this phrase in 1 Chronicles 23:24. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

bread of the presence

See the Translation Word page about "bread" for the specific definition of "bread of the presence." See how you translated this in 1 Chronicles 9:32.

flour

grain that is ground into a powder

translationWords

1 Chronicles 23:30-31

They also stood

"The Levites also stood at the temple"

whenever burnt offerings were offered to Yahweh

This can be stated in active form. AT: "whenever the priests offered burnt offerings to Yahweh" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

new moon festivals

These holidays marked the beginning of each new month.

A fixed number, assigned by decree, always had to be present before Yahweh

"A specific number of the Levites were always assigned to be present at the temple to make offerings to Yahweh"

translationWords

1 Chronicles 23:32

They were in charge of

"The Levites were responsible for"

translationWords

1 Chronicles 24

1 Chronicles 24:intro-0

1 Chronicles 24 General Notes

Structure and formatting

The preparation for the temple continues in this chapter. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/temple.md]])

Special concepts in this chapter

# Arranging the priests

David arranged for the order in which priests would be on duty. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/priest.md]])

1 Chronicles 24:1-3

General Information:

This chapter describes how the Levites in the previous chapter were divided into work groups with different assignments.

Nadab, Abihu, Eleazar and Ithamar

Translate the names of these men as in 1 Chronicles 6:3.

Ahimelech

This is the name of a man. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

divided them into groups

"divided the descendants of Eleazar and Ithamar into groups"

translationWords

1 Chronicles 24:4-5

they divided

"David, Zadok, and Ahimelech divided"

sixteen groups

"16 groups" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

heads of clans

Here "heads" is a metaphor for the more important people—the leaders of the clans. AT: "leaders of the clans" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

These divisions were eight in number, corresponding to their clans

"There were 8 divisions based on the clans of Ithamar's descendants"

They divided them impartially by lot

They divided them by lot so that the divisions would be fair"

translationWords

1 Chronicles 24:6

Shemaiah

This is the name of a man. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Nethanel

See how you translated this man's name in 1 Chronicles 15:24.

Ahimelech

See how you translated this man's name in 1 Chronicles 18:16.

One clan was drawn by lot from Eleazar's descendants, and then the next would be drawn from Ithamar's descendants

This can be stated in active form. AT: "They chose one by lot from Eleazar's descendants, then they would choose by lot one from Ithamar's descendants" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 24:7-10

General Information:

This is the order of service for the descendants of Eleazar and Ithamar. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-ordinal/01.md]])

translationWords

[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/names/abijah.md]]

1 Chronicles 24:11-14

General Information:

1 Chronicles 24:15-18

General Information:

1 Chronicles 24:19

following the procedure given to them by Aaron their ancestor

This can be stated in active form. AT: "following the rules that Aaron their ancestor gave them" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 24:20-22

General Information:

This begins the list of names of the other sons of Levi. This list will end in 1 Chronicles 24:30. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Amram

See how you translated this man's name in 1 Chronicles 6:3.

Shubael

See how you translated this man's name in 1 Chronicles 23:16.

translationWords

1 Chronicles 24:23-25

Hebron ... Jeriah ... Amariah ... Jahaziel ... Jekameam

Translate the names of these men as in 1 Chronicles 23:19.

the second ... the third ... the fourth

"the second son ... the third son ... the fourth son" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-ordinal/01.md]])

Uzziel ... Micah ... Ishijah

Translate the names of these men as in 1 Chronicles 23:20.

Shamir ... Zechariah

These are the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

translationWords

[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/other/descendant.md]]

1 Chronicles 24:26-28

Merari ... Mahli ... Mushi ... Eleazar

Translate the names of these men as in 1 Chronicles 23:21.

Jaaziah ... Shoham ... Zaccur ... Ibri

These are the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

from the son of Jaaziah: Beno ... from Jaaziah: Beno, Shoham

It seems Jaaziah is another son of Merari. And, Beno is the son of Jaaziah. Beno is mentioned twice because he is a leader in his family. However, some Bibles translate "Beno" as "his son" rather than as a proper name. Those Bibles read like this: "and from his sons, Jaaziah, his son ... from Jaaziah, his son: Shoham."

1 Chronicles 24:29-31

From Kish: The son of Kish

This is written in the text as a title, but could be stated in a more complete form. AT: "These are the sons who were descended from Kish"

Kish ... Mushi

Translate the names of these men as in 1 Chronicles 23:21.

Jerahmeel ... Mahli ... Eder ... Jerimoth

These are the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Ahimelech

Translate the name of this man as in 1 Chronicles 18:16.

translationWords

1 Chronicles 25

1 Chronicles 25:intro-0

1 Chronicles 25 General Notes

Structure and formatting

The preparation for the temple continues in this chapter. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/temple.md]])

Special concepts in this chapter

# Music

The 24 groups who were chosen to play music in the temple cast lots to see in what order they would serve.

1 Chronicles 25:1-3

this service

"the work done at the tabernacle"

cymbals

This refers to two thin, round metal plates that are hit together to make a loud sound. See how you translated this in 1 Chronicles 13:8. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-unknown/01.md]])

the sons of Asaph, under the direction of Asaph, who prophesied under the king's supervision

"these were the sons of Asaph, whom he supervised. Asaph prophesied under the king's supervision"

Heman ... Jeduthun

Translate the names of these men the same as you did in 1 Chronicles 16:41. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Zaccur, Joseph, Nethaniah, and Asharelah

These are the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Gedaliah ... Zeri ... Jeshaiah ... Shimei ... Hashabiah ... Mattithiah

These are the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

under the direction of

"under the supervision of"

translationWords

1 Chronicles 25:4-5

General Information:

This continues the list of leaders of the tabernacle work which was started in 1 Chronicles 25:2.

Bukkiah ... Mahazioth

These are names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Heman

See how you translated this man's name in 1 Chronicles 16:41. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

fourteen sons and three daughters

"14 sons and 3 daughters" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

to honor him

The word "him" refers to Heman.

translationWords

1 Chronicles 25:6-8

were under the direction of their fathers

"were supervised by their fathers"

cymbals

Jeduthun ... Heman

Translate the names of these men the same as you did in 1 Chronicles 16:41. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

numbered 288

"were two hundred and eighty-eight men" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

all alike, the same for the young as well as the old, the teacher as well as the student

This refers to all of the men by describing the extremes. AT: "all of them, including the young men and the old men, the teachers and the students" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-merism/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 25:9-12

General Information:

This begins the list of 24 lots that were cast to choose the order in which families would serve. This list ends in 1 Chronicles 25:31.

The first lot ... the second ... the third ... the fourth ... the fifth

"Lot number 1 ... lot number 2 ... lot number 3 ... lot number 4 ... lot number 5." This shows the order in which the families were chosen by lots. If this is unnatural in your language you may use "The initial" for "The first" and "the next" for all of the following ones. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-ordinal/01.md]])

General Information:

1 Chronicles 26

1 Chronicles 26:intro-0

1 Chronicles 26 General Notes

Structure and formatting

The preparation for the temple continues in this chapter. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/temple.md]])

Special concepts in this chapter

# Casting lots

The gatekeepers cast lots to see which gate they would guard. Those who took care of the storage also cast lots.

1 Chronicles 26:1-3

General Information:

This begins the list of the gatekeepers.

divisions

groups

Korahites

See how you translated the name of this people group in 1 Chronicles 19:19. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Meshelemiah ... Zechariah

See how you translated the name of these men in 1 Chronicles 9:21. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Kore

See how you translated this man's name in 1 Chronicles 9:19. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Asaph

This is an alternative spelling to "Ebiasaph" in 1 Chronicles 9:19. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Jediael ... Zebadiah ... Jathniel ... Elam ... Jehohanan ... Eliehoenai

These are the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

the second ... third ... fourth ... seventh

This shows the order in which the sons were born. If it is more natural in your language, you may say "the next" for each son. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-ordinal/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 26:4-6

General Information:

This continues the list of gatekeepers which started in 1 Chronicles 26:1.

Obed Edom

See how you translated this man's name in 1 Chronicles 16:38. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Shemaiah ... Jehozabad ... Joah ... Sakar ... Nethanel ... Ammiel ... Issachar ... Peullethai

These are the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

the second ... the third ... the fourth ... the eighth

who ruled over their families

"who were leaders in their father's family." This means that they were leaders among their clan.

translationWords

1 Chronicles 26:7-9

General Information:

This continues the list of gatekeepers which started in 1 Chronicles 26:1.

Shemaiah ... Obed Edom

Translate the names of these men the same as you did in 1 Chronicles 26:4-6. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Othni ... Rephael ... Obed ... Elzabad ... Elihu ... Semakiah ... Meshelemiah

These are the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

His relatives

"Shemaiah's relatives" or "Shemaiah's family members"

sixty-two of them

"62 men" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

eighteen in all

"18 total" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 26:10-11

General Information:

This continues the list of gatekeepers which started in 1 Chronicles 26:1.

Hosah ... Merari ... Shimri ... Hilkiah ... Tabaliah ... Zechariah

These are the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

the second ... the third ... the fourth

All of Hosah's sons and kinsmen were thirteen in number

"There were 13 of Hosah's sons and kinsmen." (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

translationWords

[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/other/kin.md]]

1 Chronicles 26:12-14

divisions

groups

threw lots

"cast lots"

both young and old

This refers to all of the men by describing the extremes. See how you translated a similar phrase in 1 Chronicles 25:8. AT: "all of them, including the young men and the old men" or "men of all ages" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-merism/01.md]])

When the lot was cast

This can be stated in active form. AT: "When they cast the lot" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

Zechariah

See how you translated this man's name in 1 Chronicles 26:2. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

a prudent advisor

This is a person who shows good judgment in making decisions.

translationWords

1 Chronicles 26:15-16

To Obed Edom was assigned the south gate, and his sons were assigned the storehouses

This can be stated in active form. AT: "Obed Edom was responsible for guarding the south gate, and his sons guarded the storehouses" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

Obed Edom

See how you translated this man's name in 1 Chronicles 26:4. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Shuppim and Hosah were assigned

This can be stated in active form. AT: "Shuppim and Hosah were responsible for guarding" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

Shuppim

This is the name of a man. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Hosah

See how you translated this man's name in 1 Chronicles 26:10. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Shalleketh

This is the name of the gate. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Watches were established for each family.

This can be stated in active form. AT: "Each family was responsible for a watch" or "Each family has a set period of time that it was responsible for guarding" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 26:17-19

six Levites

"6 Levites" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

the east ... the north ... the south

These phrases refer to the gates. AT: "the east gate ... the north gate ... the south gate" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-ellipsis/01.md]])

four a day

This refers to the number of men on guard duty. AT: "four men each day" or "four Levites each day" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-ellipsis/01.md]])

two pairs

"2 pairs of men" or "2 sets of 2 men each"

At the pillar to the west there were four stationed

This can be stated in active form. AT: "four men guarded the pillar to the west" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

four stationed at the road and two at the pillar

The numbers "four" and "two" refer to guards. AT: "Four men guarded the road, and two men guarded the court" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-ellipsis/01.md]])

They were filled with

This can be stated in active form. AT: "They were" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

Merari

See how you translated this man's name in 1 Chronicles 26:10. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 26:20-22

The descendants of Ladan ... Jehieli, the sons of Jehieli, Zetham, and Joel his brother. They were in charge of the storehouses

"Jehieli and his sons were the descendants of Ladan, who descended from Gershon and belonged to Ladan. Jehieli and his sons were leaders of the families of Ladan the Gershonite. Jehieli and his sons, Zetham and Joel his brother, were in charge of the storehouses"

Ladan ... Gershon

Translate the names of these men the same as you did in 1 Chronicles 23:7. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Gershonite

The descendants of Gershon. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Jehieli ... Zetham ... Joel

Translate the names of these men the same as you did in 1 Chronicles 23:8. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 26:23-25

Amram ... Izhar ... Hebron ... Uzziel

Translate the names of these men the same as you did in 1 Chronicles 23:12. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Shubael ... Gershom ... Eliezer ... Rehabiah

Translate the names of these men the same as you did in 1 Chronicles 23:15-17. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

His relatives from the clan of Eliezer

These were his relatives who did this work with him. AT: "His relatives who did the work with him from the clan of Eliezer" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

Jeshaiah ... Joram ... Zichri ... Shelomith

These are the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 27

1 Chronicles 27:intro-0

1 Chronicles 27 General Notes

Structure and formatting

The preparation for the temple continues in this chapter. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/temple.md]])

1 Chronicles 27:1-3

This is the list

"These are the names"

commanders of thousands and hundreds

Possible meanings are 1) these numbers represent the exact amount of soldiers that these commanders led. AT: "the commanders of 1,000 soldiers and the commanders of 100 soldiers" or 2) the words translated as "thousands" and "hundreds" do not represent exact numbers, but are the names of larger and smaller military divisions. AT: "the commanders of large military divisions and the commanders of smaller military divisions" See how you translated this in 1 Chronicles 13:1. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

in various ways

"in different ways" or "in many ways"

Each military division served month by month throughout the year

This means that each division took turns serving periods of a month at a time.

Each military division

"Each group"

twenty-four thousand men

"24,000 men" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

throughout the year

"all year long"

Over the division

This is an idiom. AT: "In charge of the division" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-idiom/01.md]])

first month

This is the first month of the Hebrew calendar. It is during the last part of March and the first part of April on Western calendars. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-hebrewmonths/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-ordinal/01.md]])

Jashobeam ... Zabdiel ... Perez

These are the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 27:4-6

Over the division

"In charge of the division"

the second month

This is the second month of the Hebrew calendar. It is during the last part of April and the first part of May on Western calendars. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-hebrewmonths/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-ordinal/01.md]])

Dodai ... Mikloth ... Ammizabad

These are the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Ahoah

See how you translated this man's name in 1 Chronicles 8:4. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

In his division

"In his group of soldiers"

twenty-four thousand men

"24,000 men" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

the third month

This is the third month of the Hebrew calendar. It is during the last part of May and the first part of June on Western calendars. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-hebrewmonths/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-ordinal/01.md]])

Jehoiada

See how you translated these men's names in 1 Chronicles 11:22. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

the thirty

"the 30." This refers to "David's 30 mightiest soldiers." (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

over the thirty

This is an idiom. AT: "in charge of the 30 men" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-idiom/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 27:7-9

The commander for the fourth month was Asahel brother of Joab

"Asahel, brother of Joab, was the commander for the fourth month"

the fourth month

"month 4." This is the fourth month of the Hebrew calendar. It is during the last part of June and the first part of July on Western calendars. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-hebrewmonths/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-ordinal/01.md]])

Asahel ... Zebadiah ... Shamhuth ... Izrah

These are the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

his division

"his military group"

twenty-four thousand men

"24,000 men" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

the fifth month

"month 5." This is the fifth month of the Hebrew calendar. It is during the last part of July and the first part of August on Western calendars. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-hebrewmonths/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-ordinal/01.md]])

the sixth month

"month 6." This is the sixth month of the Hebrew calendar. It is during the last part of August and the first part of September on Western calendars. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-hebrewmonths/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-ordinal/01.md]])

Ira ... Ikkesh

Translate the names of these men the same as you did in 1 Chronicles 11:28. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Tekoa

This is the name of a place. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

translationWords

[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/names/joab.md]]

1 Chronicles 27:10-12

The commander for the seventh month was Helez the Pelonite, from the people of Ephraim

"Helez, the Pelonite, from the people of Ephraim, was the commander for the seventh month"

the seventh month

"month7 ." This is the seventh month of the Hebrew calendar. It is during the last part of September and the first part of October on Western calendars. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-hebrewmonths/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-ordinal/01.md]])

Helez ... Sibbekai ... Abiezer

See how you translated the names of these men in 1 Chronicles 11:27-29. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Pelonite ... Hushathite ... Anathothite

See how you translated the names of these clans in 1 Chronicles 11:27-29. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

twenty-four thousand men

"24,000 men" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

the eighth month

"month 8." This is the eighth month of the Hebrew calendar. It is during the last part of October and the first part of November on Western calendars. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-hebrewmonths/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-ordinal/01.md]])

Zerah

See how you translated this man's name in 1 Chronicles 2:4. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

the ninth month

"month 9." This is the ninth month of the Hebrew calendar. It is during the last part November and the first part December on Western calendars. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-hebrewmonths/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-ordinal/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 27:13-15

the tenth month

"month 10." This is the tenth month of the Hebrew calendar. It is during the last part of December and the first part of January on Western calendars. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-hebrewmonths/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-ordinal/01.md]])

Maharai

See how you translated the name of this man in 1 Chronicles 11:30. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Netophah ... Pirathon

These are names of places.

Zerah

See how you translated this man's name in 1 Chronicles 2:4. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

twenty-four thousand men

"24,000 men" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

the eleventh month

"month 11." This is the eleventh month of the Hebrew calendar. It is during the last part of January and the first part of February on Western calendars. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-hebrewmonths/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-ordinal/01.md]])

the twelfth month

"month 12." This is the twelfth and last month of the Hebrew calendar. It is during the last part of February and the first part of March on Western calendars. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-hebrewmonths/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-ordinal/01.md]])

Heldai ... Othniel

These are the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

translationWords

[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/other/commander.md]]

This is the name of a person from the city of Shepham. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

wine cellars

These are the parts of a building that are below the ground and used to store wine.

translationWords

1 Chronicles 27:28-29

Over the

This is an idiom. AT: "In charge of the" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-idiom/01.md]])

sycamore

This is a type of tree. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-unknown/01.md]])

Baal-Hanan ... Shitrai ... Shaphat ... Adlai

These are the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Geder ... Sharon

These are the names of places. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

that were pastured

This can be stated in active form. AT: "that ate grass in the fields" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 27:30-31

Over the

This is an idiom. AT: "In charge of the" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-idiom/01.md]])

Obil ... Jehdeiah ... Jaziz

These are the names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Ishmaelite

Translate the name of this clan as you did in 1 Chronicles 2:17. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Hagrite

Translate the name of this people group as you did in 1 Chronicles 5:10. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Meronoth

This is the name of a place. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

All these officials

"All of these men"

translationWords

1 Chronicles 27:32-34

Jonathan ... Jehiel ... Hakmoni ... Ahithophel ... Hushai ... Jehoiada

These are names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Arkite

This is the name of a tribe or clan. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 28

1 Chronicles 28:intro-0

1 Chronicles 28 General Notes

Structure and formatting

The preparation for the temple continues in this chapter. David lectured the people and Solomon on what they should do. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/temple.md]])

Special concepts in this chapter

# David's instructions

David gives instructions to the people because he knows that he will not be there when the temple is built. It was common in the ancient Near East for leaders to give instructions to people before they die in preparation or anticipation of their death.

1 Chronicles 28:1

assembled

called together

scheduled work

Work that needs to be repeated, for example every day or every month.

the commanders of thousands and of hundreds

Possible meanings are 1) these numbers represent the exact amount of soldiers that these commanders led. AT: "the commanders of 1,000 soldiers and the commanders of 100 soldiers" or 2) the words translated as "thousands" and "hundreds" do not represent exact numbers, but are the names of larger and smaller military divisions. AT: "the commanders of large military divisions and the commanders of smaller military divisions" See how you translated this in 1 Chronicles 13:1. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

the managers over

The word "over" is used here as an idiom. AT: "the managers in charge of" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-idiom/01.md]])

property and possessions

These two words share similar meanings and refer to all of the items and lands that the king owned. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-doublet/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 28:2-3

rose to his feet

This is an idiom. AT: "stood up" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-idiom/01.md]])

my brothers and my people

These two phrases share similar meanings and emphasize that David and the people of Israel are family. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-doublet/01.md]])

the ark of the covenant of Yahweh; a footstool for our God

The second phrase defines the first phrase. The "ark of the covenant" is spoke of as Yahweh's footstool to picture God on his throne, with his feet resting on his footstool, which represents all that is in submission to him. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-parallelism/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

a temple for my name

Here God refers to himself by his "name." AT: "a temple for me" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

a man of war and have shed blood

"a man accustomed to war and have shed blood." Both descriptions emphasize the same thing, namely that David had killed people. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-parallelism/01.md]])

have shed blood

This refers to killing people. AT: "have killed people" (See:[[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-euphemism/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 28:4-5

General Information:

David continues speaking to the Israelites.

chose me ... to be king over Israel forever

One possible meaning is that here David is a metonym for David and his descendants who will rule Israel forever. AT: "chose me and my descendants ... to be kings over Israel forever" Another is that David will continue to be the king of Israel after he is resurrected from the dead. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

all Israel

"the whole land of Israel" or "all the Israelites"

to sit on the throne of

Here "to sit on the throne" means to rule as king. AT: "to rule over" or "to be the king of" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])

the kingdom of Yahweh, over Israel

"Israel, which is Yahweh's kingdom"

translationWords

1 Chronicles 28:6-7

General Information:

David continues to speak to the Israelites.

He said to me

"God said to me"

my house

The word "house" refers to the temple of Yahweh.

I have chosen him to be my son, and I will be his father

This does not mean that Solomon becomes an actual son of God, but it describes the personal relationship that he and God will have. AT: "I have chosen to treat him like a son, and I will be like a father to him" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])

my commandments and decrees

These two words basically mean the same thing and refer to everything that Yahweh had commanded. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-doublet/01.md]])

as you are this day

The word "you" here refers to David. Also, the understood word "committed" may be supplied. AT: "just as you are committed this day" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-ellipsis/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 28:8

General Information:

David continues to speak to the Israelites.

Now then, in the sight of all Israel ... all of you must

Here David is giving a command to all of the people of Israel. AT: "Now then, in the sight of all Israel, this assembly for Yahweh, and in the presence of our God, I command all of you to" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

Now then

This indicates that David starts a new phase in his speech.

all Israel, this assembly for Yahweh

These two phrases have the same meaning and the second describes the first. Even though all of the people of Israel are not present, those present represent all of Israel. AT: "all you people of Israel, in this assembly for Yahweh" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-parallelism/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-synecdoche/01.md]])

in the sight of

The phrase "in the sight of" means that they are all present and listening. AT: "in the hearing of" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-idiom/01.md]])

keep and try to carry out

The phrase "to carry out" means basically the same thing as "keep." Together the words emphasize importance of doing what God commands. AT: "carefully obey" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-doublet/01.md]])

your children after you forever

This means that the land will belong to their children and the descendants in the future. The phrase "after you" is an idiom. AT: "your children and your descendants who will take your place after you die" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-synecdoche/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-idiom/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 28:9-10

the God of your father

David calls himself "your father" because this is a very formal occasion. AT: "my God" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-123person/01.md]])

with your whole heart

Here the "heart" the represents the whole person. To do something with "your whole heart" is an idiom. AT: "with complete devotion" or "completely" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-synecdoche/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-idiom/01.md]])

1 Chronicles 29:intro-0

1 Chronicles 29 General Notes

Structure and formatting

The preparation for the temple is finished in this chapter. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/temple.md]])

Special concepts in this chapter

# Offering

David and the people made a free will offering and dedicated it all to God.

1 Chronicles 29:1-2

whom alone God has chosen

"the one whom God has chosen"

gold for the things to be made of gold ... to be made of wood

This can be stated in active form. AT: "gold so the craftsmen may make the gold things, silver so they may make the silver things, bronze so they may make the bronze things, iron so they may make the iron things, and wood so they may make the wooden things" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

onyx stones ... stones to be set ... stones for inlaid work of various colors

Each of these phrases refer to different types of stones intended for different purposes.

onyx stones

These are stones with black and white lines that are used to make jewelry.

stones to be set

This can be stated in active form. AT: "stones for the craftsmen to set" or "stones for mounting"

inlaid work

This refers to the beautiful and decorative designs or patterns formed by the stones.

translationWords

1 Chronicles 29:3-5

General Information:

David continues talking to the people about his provisions for the building of the temple.

three thousand talents

"3,000 talents." This can be stated in modern measurements. AT: "about 100,000 kilograms" or "about 100 metric tons" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-bmoney/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

gold from Ophir

This was the best quality and most valuable gold.

seven thousand talents

"7,000 talents." This can be stated in modern measurements. AT: "about 230,000 kilograms" or "230 metric tons" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-bmoney/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

gold for the things to be made of gold ... work to be done by craftsmen

This can be stated in active form. AT: "gold for the craftsmen to make the gold things, silver so they may make the silver things, and things of all kinds for their other work" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

give himself to him

"give himself to God"

translationWords

1 Chronicles 29:6-7

General Information:

(See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

Then freewill offerings were made by the leaders ... and by the officials over the king's work.

This can be stated in active form. AT: "Then the leaders ... and the officials over the king's work made freewill offerings" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

the commanders of thousands and hundreds

Possible meanings are 1) these numbers represent the exact amount of soldiers that these commanders led. AT: "the commanders of 1,000 soldiers and the commanders of 100 soldiers" or 2) the words translated as "thousands" and "hundreds" do not represent exact numbers, but are the names of larger and smaller military divisions. AT: "the commanders of large military divisions and the commanders of smaller military divisions" See how you translated this in 1 Chronicles 13:1. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

the officials over the king's work

Here the word "over" is used as an idiom. AT: "the officials in charge of the king's work" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-idiom/01.md]])

five thousand talents ... and 100,000 talents of iron

"5,000 talents and 10,000 darics of gold, 10,000 talents of silver, 18,000 talents of bronze, and 100,000 talents of iron." These may be written in modern measurements. AT: "165 metric tons and 84 kilograms of gold, 330 metric tons of silver, 600 metric tons of bronze, and 3,300 metric tons of iron" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-bmoney/01.md]])

100,000 talents

"one hundred thousand talents" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 29:8-9

treasury

This is a place where money and valuable objects are kept.

Jehiel

See how you translated these men's names in 1 Chronicles 23:8. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

Gershon

This was the firstborn son of Levi. See how you translated these men's names in 1 Chronicles 23:7. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])

wholeheartedly

willingly and without any doubt or hesitation

Yahweh greatly honored Solomon before all Israel ... bestowed on him greater power

These two phrases emphasize that Solomon received special favor from Yahweh, which made him Israel's greatest and most powerful king. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-parallelism/01.md]])

translationWords

1 Chronicles 29:26-28

forty years ... thirty-three years

"40 years ... 33 years" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])

at a good old age

"as an old man"

translationWords

1 Chronicles 29:29-30

written in the history of Samuel the prophet, ... and in the history of Gad the prophet

These are written accounts that no longer exist.

Recorded there are the deeds

This can be stated in active form. AT: "There men wrote down the deeds" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])

the deeds of his rule

"the things that happened while David was king"

the events that affected him, Israel, and all the kingdoms of the other lands

"all the things that happened to him and to the people of Israel and in the kingdoms of other countries while he was ruling Israel" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])

open-licensed biblical content

1 Chronicles

1 Chronicles front

1 Chronicles front:intro

Introduction to 1 Chronicles

Part 1: General Introduction

Outline of 1 Chronicles

What are 1 and 2 Chronicles about?

How should the title of this book be translated?

Who wrote 1 and 2 Chronicles?

Why are there multiple books which give the history of the kings of Israel?

Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts

Why did God punish the people of Israel?

Why are alliances with foreign countries seen as evil in these books?

Part 3: Important Translation Issues

What is the meaning of the term "Israel"?

What does it mean to "seek God"?

What does the phrase "to this day" mean?

1 Chronicles 1

1 Chronicles 1:intro-0

1 Chronicles 01 General Notes

Structure and formatting

Links:

1 Chronicles 1:1-4

Enosh ... Kenan ... Mahalalel ... Jared ... Enoch ... Methuselah ... Lamech

Lamech. The sons of Noah

The sons of Noah were Shem, Ham, and Japheth

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1 Chronicles 1:5-7

Gomer ... Magog ... Madai ... Javan ... Tubal ... Meshek ... Tiras ... Ashkenaz ... Riphath ... Togarmah ... Elishah ... Tarshish

Kittites ... Rodanites

Rodanites

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1 Chronicles 1:8-10

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1 Chronicles 1:11-12

Ludites ... Anamites ... Lehabites ... Naphtuhites ... Pathrusites ... Kasluhites ... Philistines ... Caphtorites

from whom the Philistines came

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1 Chronicles 1:13-16

Sidon

Hittites ... Jebusites ... Amorites ... Girgashites ... Hivites ... Arkites ... Sinites ... Arvadites ... Zemarites ... Hamathites

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1 Chronicles 1:17-19

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1 Chronicles 1:20-23

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1 Chronicles 1:24-27

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1 Chronicles 1:28-31

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1 Chronicles 1:32-33

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1 Chronicles 1:34-37

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1 Chronicles 1:38-40

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1 Chronicles 1:41-42

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1 Chronicles 1:43-45

Bela ... Beor ... Jobab ... Zerah ... Husham

Dinhabah ... Bozrah

Husham of the land of the Temanites reigned in his place

Temanites

translationWords

1 Chronicles 1:46-48

Husham ... Hadad ... Bedad ... Samlah ... Shaul

Avith ... Masrekah ... Rehoboth

translationWords

1 Chronicles 1:49-50

Shaul ... Baal-Hanan ... Akbor ... Hadad ... Matred ... Me-Zahab

Pau

Mehetabel