Numbers
Numbers front
Introduction to Numbers
Part 1: General Introduction
Outline of Numbers
- Preparing to leave Sinai (1:1–10:10)4:3
- Counting and assembling the tribes (1:1–4:49)
- Regulations (5:1–6:27)
- Dedicating the altar (7:1–89)
- Setting up the lampstand (8:1–4)
- Setting apart the Levites (8:5–29)
- Second Passover; the cloud to lead them; trumpets (9:1–10:10)
- Sinai to Moab, through the wilderness (10:11–17:13)
- Complaining and murmuring (10:11–11:15)
- The quails (11:16–35)
- Miriam’s leprosy (12:1–16)
- The spies selected and sent (13:1–14:45)
- Commands (15:1–41)
- Korah’s rebellion (16:1–17:13)
- The Priests and purifying (18:1–19:22)
- Priests and Levites (18:1–32)
- The law about purifying (19:1–22)
- Conflicts (20:1–21:35)
- Miriam’s death (20:1–13)
- Edom’s refusal and Aaron’s death (20:14–29)
- Journey to Moab (21:1–35)
- The Plains of Moab (22:1–36:13)
- Balaam (22:1–24:25)
- Baal Peor (25:1–18)
- The second counting (26:1–65)
- Inheritance rights for daughters (27:1–11)
- Joshua succeeds Moses (27:12–23)
- Offerings and women’s vows (28:1–30:16)
- Midianite war (31:1–54)
- Across the Jordan (32:1–42)
- The people set up camp (33:1–56)
- Land west of the Jordan; cities for Levites and cities of refuge (34:1–35:34)
- Female heirs marry (36:1–13)
What is the Book of Numbers about?
The Book of Numbers tells about the people of Israel as they traveled from Mount Sinai in the wilderness to the Jordan River. While traveling, the Israelites became discouraged. So they rebelled against the leaders whom God had given them. At the Jordan River, the people of Israel refused to enter the Promised Land. Because the Israelites were afraid and did not trust God, he delayed their entry into the Promised Land for forty years (13:1–14:45). (See: Promised Land)
How should the title of this book be translated?
The title of this book, “Numbers,” refers to when the number of the Israelites was counted. The people of the project language may already be familiar with the name “Numbers” from other Bible versions. If not, the translator could consider a clearer name for the book, such as “The Counting of the People of Israel.” (See: census)
Who wrote the Book of Numbers?
The writers of both the Old and New Testament present Moses as being very involved with writing the Book of Numbers. Since ancient times, both Jews and Christians have thought that Moses wrote Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy.
Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts
How does Numbers present the idea of the whole community being responsible when only a few people sinned?
The people understood and assumed that God would punish the whole community of Israel if some of the people rebelled against him. God did often punish the entire nation when some of them sinned. All of the people in the ancient Near East would have understood and expected this. However, Moses and Aaron prayed for God to punish only those who were guilty.
Part 3: Important Translation Issues
Why does Moses speak using third person pronouns about himself?
When an author wrote about something he was involved in, it was common for him to use the pronoun “he” instead of “I,” or “they” instead of “we.” The translator may decide to use the project’s normal pronouns instead. (See: First, Second or Third Person)
“Shall” and “Shall not”
In this book, “shall” is used to give a command and “shall not” is used to give a prohibition. While the form itself is not a command or prohibition, it can be interpreted and translated as such. If it would be helpful in your language, you could translate these words using a command or instruction form. (See Statements — Other Uses)
Sons of Israel and Israel
Throughout this book, “sons of Israel” and “Israel” usually refer to the Israelite nation or people group as if all of them were the sons of their ancestor Israel, who is also called Jacob. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use an equivalent expression or plain language. Alternate translation: “the people of Israel” or “the Israelites” (See: Israel, Israelites)
Numbers 1
Numbers 1 General Notes
Structure and Formatting
- Preparing to leave Sinai (1:1–10:10)
- Counting and assembling the tribes (1:1–4:49)
This chapter is intended to form a smooth transition from the last chapter of the book of Leviticus. It describes the counting of Israelite men who are able to fight in the army.
Special Concepts in this Chapter
Census
In this chapter, Yahweh commands Moses and Aaron to count how many men of military age were in each tribe of Israel. Some of these men were also called to lead their family groups.
Possible Translation Difficulties in this Chapter
“A son of 20 years and upward”
This phrase refers to a man who is at least 20 years old. It might be helpful in your language to state this more plainly. Alternate translation: “a man who is at least 20 years old” or “a man who is 20 years or older” (See: Idiom)
“One who goes out to war”
This phrase refers to a soldier by describing the action that characterizes a soldier. If your readers would not understand what this concept means in this context, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “one who can be a soldier” or “one who can fight in a war”
Numbers 1:1
on one
Quote: בְּאֶחָד֩ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
Moses uses one to imply day one of the second month. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “on day one”
in the wilderness of Sinai
Quote: בְּמִדְבַּ֥ר סִינַ֖י (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown
Here, wilderness refers to the dry, barren desert plain that is common in the Sinai peninsula region of the modern Middle East. If your language has a word for this kind of landscape, consider using it here. If not, consider using a general expression. Alternate translation: “in the dry, desert plain of Sinai”
on one
Quote: בְּאֶחָד֩ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal
Here Moses is using a cardinal number, one, to mean “first.” If your language does not use cardinal numbers, you can also use a ordinal number here in your translation. Alternate translation: “on the first”
of the second month
Quote: לַחֹ֨דֶשׁ הַשֵּׁנִ֜י (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths
The second month of the Hebrew calendar includes the last half of April and the first half of May on Western calendars. You could convert the Hebrew day and month into an approximate date on the calendar that your culture uses. However, the Jews used a lunar calendar, so if you use a solar calendar, the date will be different every year and the translation will not be entirely accurate. So you may just want to give the number of the day and the name of the month on the Hebrew calendar, which is “Iyar” here, then say in a footnote approximately what time of year that is on your calendar.
of the second month in the second year
Quote: לַחֹ֨דֶשׁ הַשֵּׁנִ֜י בַּשָּׁנָ֣ה הַשֵּׁנִ֗ית (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal
If your language does not use ordinal numbers, you can use cardinal numbers here. Alternate translation: “of month two in year two”
of their going out
Quote: לְצֵאתָ֛ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns
Here the pronoun their refers to the Israelites. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “of the Israelites’ going out”
saying
Quote: לֵאמֹֽר (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks
Here the word saying introduces direct speech that continues until 1:15. Consider natural ways of introducing direct quotations in your language.
Numbers 1:2
Lift up the heads of
Quote: שְׂא֗וּ אֶת־רֹאשׁ֙ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
Lift up the heads is an idiom that means to take a census by counting people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Take a census of”
all
Quote: כָּל (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
Here, all refers to all men, as indicated by the phrase every male that occurs later in the verse. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “all men of”
the congregation of the sons of Israel
Quote: עֲדַ֣ת בְּנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
Here Moses is using the possessive form to describe a the congregation that is the sons of Israel. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “the congregation, that is, the sons of Israel”
the sons of Israel
Quote: בְּנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
This is the first of many times in this book that sons of Israel refers to the Israelite nation or people group who descended from Israel. See the discussion of how to translate this phrase in the book introduction.
according to the house of
Quote: לְבֵ֣ית (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Here, house refers to family members who live together in the same house. In ancient Israel three or four generations of a family lived in the same house and a clan consisted of several of these families. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “according to the families of”
their fathers
Quote: אֲבֹתָ֑ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Here, fathers means “ancestors.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “their ancestors”
by the number of the names
Quote: בְּמִסְפַּ֣ר שֵׁמ֔וֹת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
Here, names refers to the names of the men whom Moses would count. The phrase means that Yahweh wants Moses to record the names of each male that he counts. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “recording the names of those counted”
according to their skulls
Quote: לְגֻלְגְּלֹתָֽם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche
Here, skulls refers to the whole person. This phrase means that Yahweh wants Moses to count every individual male without leaving any out of the census. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “individually” or “head by head”
Numbers 1:3
from a son of 20 years and upward
Quote: מִבֶּ֨ן עֶשְׂרִ֤ים שָׁנָה֙ וָמַ֔עְלָה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
Here, a son of 20 years and upward refers to a man who is at least 20 years old. See the discussion of this phrase in the General Notes for this chapter.
one who goes out to war
Quote: יֹצֵ֥א צָבָ֖א (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
This phrase refers to a soldier by describing what soldiers usually do. See the discussion of this phrase in the General Notes for this chapter.
in Israel
Quote: בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Here, Israel refers to the Israelite nation or people group. See the discussion of how to translate Israel in the book introduction.
You
Quote: אַתָּ֥ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular
You here is singular and refers to Moses. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “You, Moses,”
shall count
Quote: תִּפְקְד֥וּ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-declarative
Here, shall indicates a command. See the discussion of shall in the book introduction.
according to their armies
Quote: לְצִבְאֹתָ֖ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
Here, armies refers to groups of soldiers from each of the Israelite tribes. This phrase indicates that Yahweh wanted Moses and Aaron to count the number of men in each of these groups. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “by their military divisions”
Numbers 1:4
And with you
Quote: וְאִתְּכֶ֣ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
Here, with you refers to these men helping Moses and Aaron. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “And to assist you” or “And to help you”
And with you
Quote: וְאִתְּכֶ֣ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-youdual
Here Yahweh uses you to refer to two men, Moses and Aaron, so you would be dual, if your language uses that form. Otherwise, the word would be plural.
a man, a man
Quote: אִ֥ישׁ אִ֖ישׁ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
Here the phrase a man, a man is a Hebrew idiom that means “one man each.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternative translation: “one man each”
of the tribe
Quote: לַמַּטֶּ֑ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
Here Yahweh is using the possessive form to describe a a man from each tribe. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “from each tribe”
will be} the head man
Quote: אִ֛ישׁ רֹ֥אשׁ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Here, the head man refers to the leader of a group of people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternative translation: “will be the leader”
of the house of his fathers
Quote: לְבֵית־אֲבֹתָ֖יו (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
See how you translated the similar phrase “the house of their fathers” in 1:2.
Numbers 1:5
will stand with you
Quote: יַֽעַמְד֖וּ אִתְּכֶ֑ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Here, stand with you refers to helping Moses and Aaron lead the Israelite community. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “assist you in leading the Israelite community”
with you
Quote: אִתְּכֶ֑ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-youdual
Here Yahweh uses you to refer to two men, Moses and Aaron. See how you translated the same use of you in the previous verse.
of Reuben
Quote: לִרְאוּבֵ֕ן (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
Here, of indicates that Elizur is a member of the tribe that descended from Jacob’s son Reuben. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “from the tribe of Reuben”
Elizur … Shedeur
Quote: אֱלִיצ֖וּר & שְׁדֵיאֽוּר (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
Elizur and Shedeur are names of men.
Numbers 1:6
of Simeon
Quote: לְשִׁמְע֕וֹן (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
See how you translated the same use of of in the phrase “of Reuben” in the previous verse.
Shelumiel … Zurishaddai
Quote: שְׁלֻמִיאֵ֖ל & צוּרִֽישַׁדָּֽי (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
Shelumiel and Zurishaddai are names of men.
Numbers 1:7
of Judah
Quote: לִֽיהוּדָ֕ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
See how you translated the same use of of in the phrase “of Reuben” in 1:5.
Nahshon … Amminadab
Quote: נַחְשׁ֖וֹן & עַמִּינָדָֽב (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
Nahshon and Amminadab are names of men.
Numbers 1:8
of Issachar
Quote: לְיִ֨שָּׂשכָ֔ר (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
See how you translated the same use of of in the phrase “of Reuben” in 1:5.
Nethanel … Zuar
Quote: נְתַנְאֵ֖ל & צוּעָֽר (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
Nethanel and Zuar are names of men.
Numbers 1:9
of Zebulun
Quote: לִזְבוּלֻ֕ן (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
See how you translated the same use of of in the phrase “of Reuben” in 1:5.
Eliab … Helon
Quote: אֱלִיאָ֖ב & חֵלֹֽן (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
Elliab and Helon are names of men.
Numbers 1:10
of the sons of Joseph: of Ephraim
Quote: לִבְנֵ֣י יוֹסֵ֔ף לְאֶפְרַ֕יִם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
See how you translated the same use of of in the phrase “of Reuben” in 1:5.
of the sons of Joseph
Quote: לִבְנֵ֣י יוֹסֵ֔ף (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
Here, sons refers to the biological sons of Joseph, Ephraim and Manasseh. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “from Joseph’s two sons”
Elishama … Ammihud; … Gamaliel … Pedahzur
Quote: אֱלִישָׁמָ֖ע & עַמִּיה֑וּד & גַּמְלִיאֵ֖ל & פְּדָהצֽוּר (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
Elishama, Ammihud, Gamaliel, and Pedahzur are names of men.
Numbers 1:11
of Benjamin
Quote: לְבִ֨נְיָמִ֔ן (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
See how you translated the same use of of in the phrase “of Reuben” in 1:5.
Abidan … Gideoni
Quote: אֲבִידָ֖ן & גִּדְעֹנִֽי (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
Abidan and Gideoni are names of men.
Numbers 1:12
of Dan
Quote: לְדָ֕ן (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
See how you translated the same use of of in the phrase “of Reuben” in 1:5.
Ahiezer … Ammishaddai
Quote: אֲחִיעֶ֖זֶר & עַמִּֽישַׁדָּֽי (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
Ahiezer and Ammishaddai are names of men.
Numbers 1:13
of Asher
Quote: לְאָשֵׁ֕ר (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
See how you translated the same use of of in the phrase “of Reuben” in 1:5.
Pagiel … Okran
Quote: פַּגְעִיאֵ֖ל & עָכְרָֽן (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
Pagiel and Okran are names of men.
Numbers 1:14
of Gad
Quote: לְגָ֕ד (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
See how you translated the same use of of in the phrase “of Reuben” in 1:5.
Eliasaph … Deuel
Quote: אֶלְיָסָ֖ף & דְּעוּאֵֽל (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
Eliasaph and Deuel are names of men.
Numbers 1:15
of Naphtali
Quote: לְנַ֨פְתָּלִ֔י (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
See how you translated the same use of of in the phrase “of Reuben” in 1:5.
Ahira … Enan
Quote: אֲחִירַ֖ע & עֵינָֽן (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
Ahira and Enon are names of men.
Enan
Quote: עֵינָֽן (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks
The direct speech that began in 1:2 ends at the end of this verse. Consider natural ways of ending direct quotations in your language.
Numbers 1:16
were} the called ones of the congregation
Quote: קריאי הָעֵדָ֔ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
The text does not specify who called the called ones of the congregation. Most likely, the Israelite community appointed these men in some way. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the ones whom the community appointed”
were} the called ones of
Quote: קריאי (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who did the action, the previous verses indicate that Yahweh called these men. Alternate translation: “were those whom Yahweh called of”
were} the called ones of
Quote: קריאי (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
Here, called refers to being chosen to do something. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “were the chosen ones of”
their fathers
Quote: אֲבוֹתָ֑ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
See how you translated the same use of this phrase in 1:2.
were} the heads of
Quote: רָאשֵׁ֛י (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
See how you translated the same use of “head” in 1:4.
the thousands of Israel
Quote: אַלְפֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Here, the thousands of Israel refers to the divisions of people within Israel’s tribes. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the divisions within Israel”
Numbers 1:17
And Moses and Aaron took these men
Quote: וַיִּקַּ֥ח מֹשֶׁ֖ה וְאַהֲרֹ֑ן אֵ֚ת הָאֲנָשִׁ֣ים הָאֵ֔לֶּה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Here, took means that Moses and Aaron summoned these men to come to them. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “And Moses and Aaron called these men to come to them”
who were designated by names
Quote: אֲשֶׁ֥ר נִקְּב֖וּ בְּשֵׁמֽוֹת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who did the action, the previous verses indicate that Yahweh called these men. Alternate translation: “whom Yahweh had designated by names”
by names
Quote: בְּשֵׁמֽוֹת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis
Moses is leaving out a word that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from the context if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “by their names”
Numbers 1:18
they assembled
Quote: הִקְהִ֗ילוּ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns
Here, they refers to Moses and Aaron. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly, as in the UST.
on one of the second month
Quote: בְּאֶחָד֙ לַחֹ֣דֶשׁ הַשֵּׁנִ֔י (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal
See how you translated this phrase in 1:1.
And they recorded their ancestry in accordance with their clans, according to the house of their fathers, … according to their skulls
Quote: וַיִּתְיַֽלְד֥וּ עַל־מִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖ם לְבֵ֣ית אֲבֹתָ֑ם & לְגֻלְגְּלֹתָֽם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns
Here, they and their refer to all the Israelite men who were 20 years old or older. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “And the men declared their ancestry in accordance with their clans, according to the house of these men’s fathers … according to these men’s skulls”
in accordance with their clans, according to the house of their fathers, by the number of the names
Quote: עַל־מִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖ם לְבֵ֣ית אֲבֹתָ֑ם בְּמִסְפַּ֣ר שֵׁמ֗וֹת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
See how you translated the similar phrases in 1:2.
from a son of 20 years and upward
Quote: מִבֶּ֨ן עֶשְׂרִ֥ים שָׁנָ֛ה וָמַ֖עְלָה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
See how you translated the phrase in 1:3.
according to their skulls
Quote: לְגֻלְגְּלֹתָֽם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche
See how you translated this phrase in 1:2.
Numbers 1:19
And he counted them
Quote: וַֽיִּפְקְדֵ֖ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns
Here, he refers to Moses. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “And Moses counted them”
in the wilderness of Sinai
Quote: בְּמִדְבַּ֥ר סִינָֽי (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown
See how you translated this phrase in 1:1.
Numbers 1:20-21
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-versebridgeIf it would be helpful to your readers, you could combine 1:20 and 1:21 into a verse bridge, as the UST does, in order to keep the information about the men from the tribe of Reuben together.
Numbers 1:20
the sons of
Quote: בְנֵֽי (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Here, sons refers to descendants. See how you translated the same use of sons in 1:2.
Israel
Quote: יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
Here, Israel refers to the Isaac’s son, who was also called Jacob. It does not refer to the entire nation named after Israel. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “Isaac’s son Israel”
their generations
Quote: תּוֹלְדֹתָ֥ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
Here, generations refers to the descendants of the sons of Reuben who were counted in this census. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “those descendants”
according to their clans, according to the house of their fathers, by the number of the names, according to their skulls
Quote: לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖ם לְבֵ֣ית אֲבֹתָ֑ם בְּמִסְפַּ֤ר שֵׁמוֹת֙ לְגֻלְגְּלֹתָ֔ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
See how you translated these phrases in 1:2.
from a son of 20 years and upward, every one who goes out to war
Quote: מִבֶּ֨ן עֶשְׂרִ֤ים שָׁנָה֙ וָמַ֔עְלָה כֹּ֖ל יֹצֵ֥א צָבָֽא (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
See how you translated these phrases in 1:3.
Numbers 1:21
their counted ones
Quote: פְּקֻדֵיהֶ֖ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who did the action, 1:3 indicates that Moses and Aaron counted these men. Alternate translation: “those whom Moses and Aaron counted”
of the tribe of
Quote: לְמַטֵּ֣ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
Here Moses is using the possessive form to describe a tribe that descended from Reuben. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “of the tribe that descended from”
were} 46, 500
Quote: שִׁשָּׁ֧ה וְאַרְבָּעִ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וַחֲמֵ֥שׁ מֵאֽוֹת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “forty-six thousand five hundred men”
Numbers 1:22-23
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-versebridgeIf it would be helpful to your readers, you could combine 1:22 and 1:23 into a verse bridge, as the UST does, in order to keep the information about the men from the tribe of Simeon together.
Numbers 1:22
Of the sons of
Quote: לִבְנֵ֣י (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
See how you translated the same use of Of in 1:5 and the same use of sons in 1:2.
their generations according to their clans, according to the house of their fathers, … by the number of the names, according to their skulls, every male from a son of 20 years and upward, every one who goes out to war
Quote: תּוֹלְדֹתָ֥ם לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖ם לְבֵ֣ית אֲבֹתָ֑ם & בְּמִסְפַּ֤ר שֵׁמוֹת֙ לְגֻלְגְּלֹתָ֔ם כָּל־זָכָ֗ר מִבֶּ֨ן עֶשְׂרִ֤ים שָׁנָה֙ וָמַ֔עְלָה כֹּ֖ל יֹצֵ֥א צָבָֽא (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
See how you translated these phrases in 1:20.
his counted ones
Quote: פְּקֻדָ֗יו (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo
Here, his refers to the descendants of Simeon as if they were Simeon himself. Since the same idea is repeated as “their counted ones” in the next verse, the expression here is extra information that would be unnatural to express in some languages. If this is true of your language, you could remove the expression here, as in the UST.
his counted ones
Quote: פְּקֻדָ֗יו (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If you keep this phrase in your translation, see how you translated the same use of counted ones in 1:21.
Numbers 1:23
their counted ones
Quote: פְּקֻדֵיהֶ֖ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
See how you translated this phrase in 1:21.
of the tribe of
Quote: לְמַטֵּ֣ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
See how you translated this phrase in 1:21.
were} 59, 300
Quote: תִּשְׁעָ֧ה וַחֲמִשִּׁ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וּשְׁלֹ֥שׁ מֵאֽוֹת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “fifty-nine thousand three hundred”
Numbers 1:24-25
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-versebridgeIf it would be helpful to your readers, you could combine 1:24 and 1:25 into a verse bridge, as the UST does, in order to keep the information about the men from the tribe of Gad together.
Numbers 1:24
Of the sons of … their generations according to their clans, according to the house of their fathers, by the number of the names, from a son of 20 years and upward, every one who goes out to war
Quote: לִבְנֵ֣י & תּוֹלְדֹתָ֥ם לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖ם לְבֵ֣ית אֲבֹתָ֑ם בְּמִסְפַּ֣ר שֵׁמ֗וֹת מִבֶּ֨ן עֶשְׂרִ֤ים שָׁנָה֙ וָמַ֔עְלָה כֹּ֖ל יֹצֵ֥א צָבָֽא (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
See how you translated these phrases in 1:20.
Numbers 1:25
their counted ones
Quote: פְּקֻדֵיהֶ֖ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
See how you translated this phrase in 1:21.
of the tribe of
Quote: לְמַטֵּ֣ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
See how you translated this phrase in 1:21.
were} 45, 650
Quote: חֲמִשָּׁ֤ה וְאַרְבָּעִים֙ אֶ֔לֶף וְשֵׁ֥שׁ מֵא֖וֹת וַחֲמִשִּֽׁים (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “forty-five thousand six hundred fifty”
Numbers 1:26-27
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-versebridgeIf it would be helpful to your readers, you could combine 1:26 and 1:27 into a verse bridge, as the UST does, in order to keep the information about the men from the tribe of Judah together.
Numbers 1:26
Of the sons of … their generations according to their clans, according to the house of their fathers, by the number of the names, from a son of 20 years and upward, every one who goes out to war
Quote: לִבְנֵ֣י & תּוֹלְדֹתָ֥ם לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖ם לְבֵ֣ית אֲבֹתָ֑ם בְּמִסְפַּ֣ר שֵׁמֹ֗ת מִבֶּ֨ן עֶשְׂרִ֤ים שָׁנָה֙ וָמַ֔עְלָה כֹּ֖ל יֹצֵ֥א צָבָֽא (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
See how you translated these phrases in 1:20.
Numbers 1:27
their counted ones
Quote: פְּקֻדֵיהֶ֖ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
See how you translated this phrase in 1:21.
of the tribe of
Quote: לְמַטֵּ֣ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
See how you translated this phrase in 1:21.
were} 74, 600
Quote: אַרְבָּעָ֧ה וְשִׁבְעִ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וְשֵׁ֥שׁ מֵאֽוֹת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “seventy-four thousand six hundred”
Numbers 1:28-29
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-versebridgeIf it would be helpful to your readers, you could combine 1:28 and 1:29 into a verse bridge, as the UST does, in order to keep the information about the men from the tribe of Issachar together.
Numbers 1:28
Of the sons of … their generations according to their clans, according to the house of their fathers, by the number of the names, from a son of 20 years and upward, every one who goes out to war
Quote: לִבְנֵ֣י & תּוֹלְדֹתָ֥ם לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖ם לְבֵ֣ית אֲבֹתָ֑ם בְּמִסְפַּ֣ר שֵׁמֹ֗ת מִבֶּ֨ן עֶשְׂרִ֤ים שָׁנָה֙ וָמַ֔עְלָה כֹּ֖ל יֹצֵ֥א צָבָֽא (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
See how you translated these phrases in 1:20.
Numbers 1:29
their counted ones
Quote: פְּקֻדֵיהֶ֖ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
See how you translated this phrase in 1:21.
of the tribe of
Quote: לְמַטֵּ֣ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
See how you translated this phrase in 1:21.
were} 54, 400
Quote: אַרְבָּעָ֧ה וַחֲמִשִּׁ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וְאַרְבַּ֥ע מֵאֽוֹת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “fifty-four thousand four hundred”
Numbers 1:30-31
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-versebridgeIf it would be helpful to your readers, you could combine 1:30 and 1:31 into a verse bridge, as the UST does, in order to keep the information about the men from the tribe of Zebulun together.
Numbers 1:30
Of the sons of … their generations according to their clans, according to the house of their fathers, by the number of the names, from a son of 20 years and upward, every one who goes out to war
Quote: לִבְנֵ֣י & תּוֹלְדֹתָ֥ם לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖ם לְבֵ֣ית אֲבֹתָ֑ם בְּמִסְפַּ֣ר שֵׁמֹ֗ת מִבֶּ֨ן עֶשְׂרִ֤ים שָׁנָה֙ וָמַ֔עְלָה כֹּ֖ל יֹצֵ֥א צָבָֽא (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
See how you translated these phrases in 1:20.
Numbers 1:31
their counted ones
Quote: פְּקֻדֵיהֶ֖ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
See how you translated this phrase in 1:21.
of the tribe of
Quote: לְמַטֵּ֣ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
See how you translated this phrase in 1:21.
were} 57, 400
Quote: שִׁבְעָ֧ה וַחֲמִשִּׁ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וְאַרְבַּ֥ע מֵאֽוֹת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “fifty-seven thousand four hundred”
Numbers 1:32-33
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-versebridgeIf it would be helpful to your readers, you could combine 1:32 and 1:33 into a verse bridge, as the UST does, in order to keep the information about the men from the tribe of Ephraim together.
Numbers 1:32
Of the sons of Joseph
Quote: לִבְנֵ֤י יוֹסֵף֙ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
This phrase refers to both Ephraim, who is mentioned in this verse and the next, and Manasseh, who is mentioned in 1:34–35. If it would be helpful in your language, you could repeat this phrase in 1:34–35. See how you translated this phrase in 1:10.
of the sons of … their generations according to their clans, according to the house of their fathers, by the number of the names, from a son of 20 years and upward, every one who goes out to war
Quote: לִבְנֵ֣י & תּוֹלְדֹתָ֥ם לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖ם לְבֵ֣ית אֲבֹתָ֑ם בְּמִסְפַּ֣ר שֵׁמֹ֗ת מִבֶּ֨ן עֶשְׂרִ֤ים שָׁנָה֙ וָמַ֔עְלָה כֹּ֖ל יֹצֵ֥א צָבָֽא (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
See how you translated these phrases in 1:20.
Numbers 1:33
their counted ones
Quote: פְּקֻדֵיהֶ֖ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
See how you translated this phrase in 1:21.
of the tribe of
Quote: לְמַטֵּ֣ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
See how you translated this phrase in 1:21.
were} 40, 500
Quote: אַרְבָּעִ֥ים אֶ֖לֶף וַחֲמֵ֥שׁ מֵאֽוֹת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “forty thousand five hundred”
Numbers 1:34-35
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-versebridgeIf it would be helpful to your readers, you could combine 1:34 and 1:35 into a verse bridge, as the UST does, in order to keep the information about the men from the tribe of Manasseh together.
Numbers 1:34
Of the sons of … their generations according to their clans, according to the house of their fathers, by the number of the names, from a son of 20 years and upward, every one who goes out to war
Quote: לִבְנֵ֣י & תּוֹלְדֹתָ֥ם לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖ם לְבֵ֣ית אֲבֹתָ֑ם בְּמִסְפַּ֣ר שֵׁמ֗וֹת מִבֶּ֨ן עֶשְׂרִ֤ים שָׁנָה֙ וָמַ֔עְלָה כֹּ֖ל יֹצֵ֥א צָבָֽא (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
See how you translated these phrases in 1:20.
Numbers 1:35
their counted ones
Quote: פְּקֻדֵיהֶ֖ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
See how you translated this phrase in 1:21.
of the tribe of
Quote: לְמַטֵּ֣ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
See how you translated this phrase in 1:21.
were} 32, 200
Quote: שְׁנַ֧יִם וּשְׁלֹשִׁ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וּמָאתָֽיִם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “thirty-two thousand two hundred”
Numbers 1:36-37
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-versebridgeIf it would be helpful to your readers, you could combine 1:36 and 1:37 into a verse bridge, as the UST does, in order to keep the information about the men from the tribe of Benjamin together.
Numbers 1:36
Of the sons of … their generations according to their clans, according to the house of their fathers, by the number of the names, from a son of 20 years and upward, every one who goes out to war
Quote: לִבְנֵ֣י & תּוֹלְדֹתָ֥ם לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖ם לְבֵ֣ית אֲבֹתָ֑ם בְּמִסְפַּ֣ר שֵׁמֹ֗ת מִבֶּ֨ן עֶשְׂרִ֤ים שָׁנָה֙ וָמַ֔עְלָה כֹּ֖ל יֹצֵ֥א צָבָֽא (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
See how you translated these phrases in 1:20.
Numbers 1:37
their counted ones
Quote: פְּקֻדֵיהֶ֖ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
See how you translated this phrase in 1:21.
of the tribe of
Quote: לְמַטֵּ֣ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
See how you translated this phrase in 1:21.
were} 35, 400
Quote: חֲמִשָּׁ֧ה וּשְׁלֹשִׁ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וְאַרְבַּ֥ע מֵאֽוֹת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “thirty-five thousand four hundred”
Numbers 1:38-39
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-versebridgeIf it would be helpful to your readers, you could combine 1:38 and 1:39 into a verse bridge, as the UST does, in order to keep the information about the men from the tribe of Dan together.
Numbers 1:38
Of the sons of … their generations according to their clans, according to the house of their fathers, by the number of the names, from a son of 20 years and upward, every one who goes out to war
Quote: לִבְנֵ֣י & תּוֹלְדֹתָ֥ם לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖ם לְבֵ֣ית אֲבֹתָ֑ם בְּמִסְפַּ֣ר שֵׁמֹ֗ת מִבֶּ֨ן עֶשְׂרִ֤ים שָׁנָה֙ וָמַ֔עְלָה כֹּ֖ל יֹצֵ֥א צָבָֽא (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
See how you translated these phrases in 1:20.
Numbers 1:39
their counted ones
Quote: פְּקֻדֵיהֶ֖ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
See how you translated this phrase in 1:21.
of the tribe of
Quote: לְמַטֵּ֣ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
See how you translated this phrase in 1:21.
were} 62, 700
Quote: שְׁנַ֧יִם וְשִׁשִּׁ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וּשְׁבַ֥ע מֵאֽוֹת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “sixty-two thousand seven hundred”
Numbers 1:40-41
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-versebridgeIf it would be helpful to your readers, you could combine 1:40 and 1:41 into a verse bridge, as the UST does, in order to keep the information about the men from the tribe of Asher together.
Numbers 1:40
Of the sons of … their generations according to their clans, according to the house of their fathers, by the number of the names, from a son of 20 years and upward, every one who goes out to war
Quote: לִבְנֵ֣י & תּוֹלְדֹתָ֥ם לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖ם לְבֵ֣ית אֲבֹתָ֑ם בְּמִסְפַּ֣ר שֵׁמֹ֗ת מִבֶּ֨ן עֶשְׂרִ֤ים שָׁנָה֙ וָמַ֔עְלָה כֹּ֖ל יֹצֵ֥א צָבָֽא (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
See how you translated these phrases in 1:20.
Numbers 1:41
their counted ones
Quote: פְּקֻדֵיהֶ֖ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
See how you translated this phrase in 1:21.
of the tribe of
Quote: לְמַטֵּ֣ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
See how you translated this phrase in 1:21.
were} 41, 500
Quote: אֶחָ֧ד וְאַרְבָּעִ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וַחֲמֵ֥שׁ מֵאֽוֹת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “forty-one thousand five hundred”
Numbers 1:42-43
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-versebridgeIf it would be helpful to your readers, you could combine 1:42 and 1:43 into a verse bridge, as the UST does, in order to keep the information about the men from the tribe of Naphtali together.
Numbers 1:42
Of the sons of … their generations according to their clans, according to the house of their fathers, by the number of the names, from a son of 20 years and upward, every one who goes out to war
Quote: בְּנֵ֣י & תּוֹלְדֹתָ֥ם לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖ם לְבֵ֣ית אֲבֹתָ֑ם בְּמִסְפַּ֣ר שֵׁמֹ֗ת מִבֶּ֨ן עֶשְׂרִ֤ים שָׁנָה֙ וָמַ֔עְלָה כֹּ֖ל יֹצֵ֥א צָבָֽא (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
See how you translated these phrases in 1:20.
Numbers 1:43
their counted ones
Quote: פְּקֻדֵיהֶ֖ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
See how you translated this phrase in 1:21.
of the tribe of
Quote: לְמַטֵּ֣ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
See how you translated this phrase in 1:21.
were} 53, 400
Quote: שְׁלֹשָׁ֧ה וַחֲמִשִּׁ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וְאַרְבַּ֥ע מֵאֽוֹת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “fifty-three thousand four hundred”
Numbers 1:44
were} the counted ones, whom Moses and Aaron had counted
Quote: הַפְּקֻדִ֡ים אֲשֶׁר֩ פָּקַ֨ד מֹשֶׁ֤ה וְאַהֲרֹן֙ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo
Since the same idea of “their counted ones” is repeated in the next phrase, the expression here is extra information that would be unnatural to express in some languages. If this is true of your language, you could remove the expression here. Alternate translation: “were the people whom Moses and Aaron had counted”
and the leaders of Israel, 12 men
Quote: וּנְשִׂיאֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל שְׁנֵ֥ים עָשָׂ֖ר אִ֑ישׁ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
Here Moses implies that these 12 men helped Moses and Aaron count the people, as stated in 1:5. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “with the 12 leaders of Israel helping them”
they were one man for the house of his fathers
Quote: אִישׁ־אֶחָ֥ד לְבֵית־אֲבֹתָ֖יו הָיֽוּ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
Here the phrase one man indicates that each of the 12 men represented his own tribe. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “each one of them was from the house of his fathers”
for the house of his fathers
Quote: לְבֵית־אֲבֹתָ֖יו (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
See how you translated the house of his fathers in 1:4.
Numbers 1:45
the counted ones of
Quote: פְּקוּדֵ֥י (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. The previous verse indicates that Moses, Aaron, and the 12 leaders did the action. Alternate translation: “the ones whom Moses, Aaron, and the 12 leaders counted of”
the sons of Israel
Quote: בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
See how you translated this phrase in 1:2.
according to the house of their fathers, from a son of 20 years and upward, every one who goes out to war in Israel
Quote: לְבֵ֣ית אֲבֹתָ֑ם מִבֶּ֨ן עֶשְׂרִ֤ים שָׁנָה֙ וָמַ֔עְלָה כָּל־יֹצֵ֥א צָבָ֖א בְּיִשְׂרָאֵֽל (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
See how you translated these phrases in 1:3.
Numbers 1:46
the counted ones
Quote: הַפְּקֻדִ֔ים (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
See how you translated a similar phrase in 1:21.
were} 603, 550
Quote: שֵׁשׁ־מֵא֥וֹת אֶ֖לֶף וּשְׁלֹ֣שֶׁת אֲלָפִ֑ים וַחֲמֵ֥שׁ מֵא֖וֹת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “six hundred and three thousand five hundred and fifty”
Numbers 1:47
And the Levites
Quote: וְהַלְוִיִּ֖ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast
And introduces a contrast to what was expected. Use a natural way in your language for introducing a contrast. Alternate translation: “But”
according to the tribe of
Quote: לְמַטֵּ֣ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
See how you translated the tribe of in 1:21.
their fathers
Quote: אֲבֹתָ֑ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
See how you translated the same use of fathers in 1:2.
were not counted
Quote: לֹ֥א הָתְפָּקְד֖וּ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who did the action, the previous verses indicate that Moses, Aaron, and the 12 leaders did not count these people. Alternate translation: “those whom Moses, Aaron, and the 12 leaders did not count”
in the midst of them
Quote: בְּתוֹכָֽם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Here Moses refers to the Levites not being included in the census as if they were not located in the midst of the other tribes. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “together with them”
Numbers 1:48
And Yahweh spoke
Quote: וַיְדַבֵּ֥ר יְהוָ֖ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result
And here introduces the reason for what was stated in the previous clause. Use the most natural way in your language to indicate a reason. Alternate translation: “The reason for this is that Yahweh spoke”
saying
Quote: לֵּאמֹֽר (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations
Here the word saying introduces direct speech that continues until 1:53. Consider natural ways of introducing direct quotations in your language.
Numbers 1:49
the tribe of
Quote: מַטֵּ֤ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
See how you translated this phrase in 1:21.
and you shall not lift up their heads
Quote: וְאֶת־רֹאשָׁ֖ם לֹ֣א תִשָּׂ֑א (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
See how you translated the similar phrase in 1:2.
you shall not lift up
Quote: לֹ֣א תִשָּׂ֑א (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-declarative
Here, shall not indicates a negative command. See the discussion of this phrase in the book introduction.
in the midst of
Quote: בְּת֖וֹךְ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
See how you translated the same use of this phrase in 1:47.
the sons of Israel
Quote: בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
See how you translated this phrase in 1:2.
Numbers 1:50
And you
Quote: וְאַתָּ֡ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular
Here, you is singular. It refers to Moses, so use the singular form in your translation if your language marks that distinction.
the Dwelling of the Testimony
Quote: מִשְׁכַּ֨ן הָעֵדֻ֜ת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
The phrase the Dwelling of the Testimony is a common description of the tent that held the Ark of the Covenant, which held the tablets on which were written the Ten Commandments. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the tent holding the ark containing the Ten Commandments”
over … and over … and over
Quote: עַל & וְעַ֣ל & וְעַ֣ל (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
Here, over implies having authority and responsibility to take care of the Dwelling of the Testimony and everything in it. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “to be responsible for … and be responsible for … and be responsible for”
belongs to it
Quote: לוֹ֒ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
Here Yahweh uses the possessive form to refer to the items that are used in the Dwelling. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “are used in it” or “are related to it”
They themselves shall carry … and they themselves shall serve it
Quote: הֵ֜מָּה יִשְׂא֤וּ & וְהֵ֖ם יְשָׁרְתֻ֑הוּ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rpronouns
Yahweh uses the word themselves here to emphasize who would be responsible for the Dwelling of the Testimony and all the items related to it. Use a way that is natural in your language to indicate this emphasis. Alternate translation: “They are the ones who must carry … and they are the ones who must serve it”
and they themselves shall serve it
Quote: וְהֵ֖ם יְשָׁרְתֻ֑הוּ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification
Here Yahweh refers to the Levites taking care of the Dwelling of the Testimony as if it were a person whom they serve. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and they themselves must take care of it”
Numbers 1:51
And when the Dwelling sets out, … and when the Dwelling camps
Quote: וּבִנְסֹ֣עַ הַמִּשְׁכָּ֗ן & וּבַחֲנֹת֙ הַמִּשְׁכָּ֔ן (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification
Here Yahweh refers to the Israelites changing locations along with the Dwelling as if the Dwelling were a person who sets out and camps. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “And when the Israelites set out to a new location with the Dwelling … and when the Israelites camp with the Dwelling”
shall take it down, … shall raise it up
Quote: יוֹרִ֤ידוּ אֹתוֹ֙ & יָקִ֥ימוּ אֹת֖וֹ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
Here, take it down refers to disassembling the Dwelling and raise it up refers to re-assembling it. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “must take it apart … must put it back together”
And the stranger
Quote: וְהַזָּ֥ר (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
Here, stranger refers to any person who is not one of the Levites. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “And anyone other than a Levite” or “And any non-Levite”
shall be put to death
Quote: יוּמָֽת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. The context implies that the Levites will do the action. Alternate translation (with a comma preceding): “the Levites must put him to death”
Numbers 1:52
the sons of Israel
Quote: בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
See how you translated this phrase in 1:2.
a man … and a man
Quote: אִ֧ישׁ & וְאִ֥ישׁ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
In this verse, the phrase a man is a Hebrew idiom that means “each person.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. See how you translated the same use of a man in 1:4. Alternative translation: “each person … and each person”
his banner
Quote: דִּגְל֖וֹ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown
A banner is a flag made out of a large piece of cloth that is attached to the top of a long wooden pole. Each of the tribes of Israel had its own unique banners that identified it. If your readers would not be familiar with this term, you could use the name of something used for a similar purpose in your area or you could use a more general term. Alternate translation: “and his flag”
according to their armies
Quote: לְצִבְאֹתָֽם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
See how you translated this phrase in 1:3.
Numbers 1:53
the Dwelling of the Testimony, … the Dwelling of the Testimony
Quote: לְמִשְׁכַּ֣ן הָעֵדֻ֔ת & מִשְׁכַּ֥ן הָעֵדֽוּת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
See how you translated this phrase in 1:50.
and wrath will not be on the congregation of the sons of Israel
Quote: וְלֹֽא־יִהְיֶ֣ה קֶ֔צֶף עַל־עֲדַ֖ת בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Here Yahweh speaks of wrath as if it were an object that could be on a person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and the congregation of the sons of Israel will not experience wrath”
and wrath will not be
Quote: וְלֹֽא־יִהְיֶ֣ה קֶ֔צֶף (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result
Here, and introduces the result of obeying the instructions stated in the previous clause. Use the most natural way in your language to indicate results. You may need to start a new sentence. Alternate translation: “which will result in wrath not being” or “If you do this, then wrath will not be”
and wrath will not be
Quote: וְלֹֽא־יִהְיֶ֣ה קֶ֔צֶף (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns
If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of wrath, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “and Yahweh will not be wrathful”
the congregation of the sons of Israel
Quote: עֲדַ֖ת בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
See how you translated this phrase in 1:2.
And the Levites shall keep the keeping of
Quote: וְשָׁמְרוּ֙ הַלְוִיִּ֔ם אֶת־מִשְׁמֶ֖רֶת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
In this verse, keep and keeping refer to performing duties to take care of the Dwelling of the Testimony. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “And the Levites shall perform duties for”
And the Levites shall keep the keeping of
Quote: וְשָׁמְרוּ֙ הַלְוִיִּ֔ם אֶת־מִשְׁמֶ֖רֶת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry
The phrase keep the keeping is a construction in which a verb and its object are related words. You may be able to use the same construction in your language to express the meaning here. Alternatively, your language may have another way of showing the emphasis.
the Testimony
Quote: הָעֵדֽוּת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks
The direct speech that began in 1:49 ends at the end of this verse. Consider natural ways of ending direct quotations in your language.
Numbers 1:54
the sons of Israel
Quote: בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
See how you translated this phrase in 1:2.
Yahweh commanded Moses
Quote: צִוָּ֧ה יְהוָ֛ה אֶת־מֹשֶׁ֖ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
It is implied that Yahweh commanded Moses to command the sons of Israel to do those things. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “Yahweh commanded Moses to command the people to do”
so they did
Quote: כֵּ֥ן עָשֽׂוּ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-endofstory
Here, so indicates that this verse signals the end of a story. The repeated use of did in this story also emphasizes what happened. Use the natural form in your language for expressing the conclusion of a story. Alternate translation: “and that is exactly what they did”
Numbers 2
Numbers 2 General Notes
Structure and Formatting
- Preparing to leave Sinai (1:1–10:10)
- Counting and assembling the tribes (1:1–4:49)
This chapter describes the counting of Israelite men who are able to fight in the army.
Special Concepts in this Chapter
Cardinal directions
Yahweh explains how the Israelites will camp in relative to the sacred tent and does so using cardinal directions: north, east, south, and west. These terms describe a persons orientation in relation to the sunrise. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. If one faces the direction of the sunrise and then turns to his right, he is facing south. If, when facing the sunrise, he turns left, he would face north.
Numbers 2:1
saying
Quote: לֵאמֹֽר (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks
Here the word saying introduces direct speech that continues until 2:31. Consider natural ways of introducing direct quotations in your language.
Numbers 2:2
The sons of Israel
Quote: בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
See how you translated this phrase in 1:2.
a man at his banner
Quote: אִ֣ישׁ עַל־דִּגְל֤וֹ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
See how you translated this clause in 1:52.
with the sign
Quote: בְאֹתֹת֙ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown
Here, sign refers to a some visible object that represented each tribe. This sign is different from the banner because the banner represented a group of three tribes, as mentioned in the next verse. If your readers would not be familiar with this type of symbol, you could use the name of something similar in your area or you could use a more general term. Alternate translation: “with the symbol”
of the house of their fathers
Quote: לְבֵ֣ית אֲבֹתָ֔ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
See how you translated the house of their fathers in 1:2.
away from the front, around the tent of meeting
Quote: מִנֶּ֕גֶד סָבִ֥יב לְאֹֽהֶל־מוֹעֵ֖ד (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
Away from the front refers to being at a distance from the tent of meeting. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “at a distance away from and around the tent of meeting”
Numbers 2:3
And the ones camping
Quote: וְהַחֹנִים֙ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
Here, the ones camping to the east refers to three tribes, Judah, Issachar, and Zebulun, as indicated in 2:3–9. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “And the three tribes of Judah, Issachar, and Zebulun, who are camping”
to the east, to the sunrise
Quote: קֵ֣דְמָה מִזְרָ֔חָה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism
These two phrases mean basically the same thing. If saying the same thing twice might be confusing for your readers, you can combine the phrases into one and state them more plainly, as in the UST.
to the east
Quote: קֵ֣דְמָה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
Here Yahweh implies that these people are camping to the east of the tent of meeting. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “to the east of the tent of meeting”
will be} the banner of the camp of Judah
Quote: דֶּ֛גֶל מַחֲנֵ֥ה יְהוּדָ֖ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Here Yahweh speaks of the ones camping to the east locating themselves together near the banner of the camp of Judah as if those people were that banner. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “will be located near the banner of the camp of Judah” or “will unite themselves under the banner of the camp of Judah”
will be} the banner of
Quote: דֶּ֛גֶל (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown
See how you translated this word in 1:52.
the camp of Judah
Quote: מַחֲנֵ֥ה יְהוּדָ֖ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Here, the camp of Judah refers to the combined people from the tribes of Judah, Issachar, and Zebulun whom Yahweh commanded to stay together as one camp represented by Judah. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the camp of Judah, Issachar, and Zebulun represented by Judah”
according to their armies
Quote: לְצִבְאֹתָ֑ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
See how you translated this phrase in 1:3.
of the sons of Judah
Quote: לִבְנֵ֣י יְהוּדָ֔ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
See how you translated this phrase in 1:20.
is} Nahshon the son of Amminadab
Quote: נַחְשׁ֖וֹן בֶּן־עַמִּינָדָֽב (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
See how you translated this phrase in 1:7.
Numbers 2:4
and his army
Quote: וּצְבָא֖וֹ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns
Here the pronoun his refers to Nahshon the son of Amminadab, who is called the leader of this army in the previous verse. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “and Nahshon’s army”
and his army and their counted ones
Quote: וּצְבָא֖וֹ וּפְקֻדֵיהֶ֑ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish
Here, and indicates that this phrase gives further information about his army. It is not making a distinction between his army and their counted ones. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make the relationship between these phrases clearer. Alternate translation: “and his army, that is, their counted ones”
and their counted ones
Quote: וּפְקֻדֵיהֶ֑ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who did the action, 1:3 indicates that Moses and Aaron counted these men. Since Yahweh is speaking to Moses and Aaron directly here, you could use the dual or plural form of “you” here, as in the UST.
are} 74, 600
Quote: אַרְבָּעָ֧ה וְשִׁבְעִ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וְשֵׁ֥שׁ מֵאֽוֹת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
See how you translated this number in 1:27.
Numbers 2:5
beside him
Quote: עָלָ֖יו (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns
Here the pronoun him refers to the tribe of Judah. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “beside the tribe of Judah”
are} the tribe of Issachar
Quote: מַטֵּ֣ה יִשָּׂשכָ֑ר (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
See how you translated this phrase in 1:29.
of the sons of Issachar
Quote: לִבְנֵ֣י יִשָּׂשכָ֔ר (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
See how you translated this phrase in 1:28.
is} Nethanel the son of Zuar
Quote: נְתַנְאֵ֖ל בֶּן־צוּעָֽר (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
See how you translated this phrase in 1:8.
Numbers 2:6
and his army and his counted ones
Quote: וּצְבָא֖וֹ וּפְקֻדָ֑יו (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish
Here, and indicates that this phrase gives further information about his army. It is not making a distinction between his army and his counted ones. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make the relationship between these phrases clearer. Alternate translation: “and his army, that is, his counted ones”
and his army and his counted ones
Quote: וּצְבָא֖וֹ וּפְקֻדָ֑יו (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns
In this verse, the pronoun his refers to Nethanel the son of Zuar, who is called the leader of this army in the previous verse. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “and Nethanel’s army, who are his counted ones”
and his counted ones
Quote: וּפְקֻדָ֑יו (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
See how you translated the same use of counted ones in 2:4.
are} 54, 400
Quote: אַרְבָּעָ֧ה וַחֲמִשִּׁ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וְאַרְבַּ֥ע מֵאֽוֹת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
See how you translated this number in 1:29.
Numbers 2:7
The tribe of Zebulun
Quote: מַטֵּ֖ה זְבוּלֻ֑ן (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
Here Yahweh implied that the tribe of Zebulun would also camp beside the tribe of Judah. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “The tribe of Zebulun also camp beside Judah”
The tribe of Zebulun
Quote: מַטֵּ֖ה זְבוּלֻ֑ן (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
See how you translated this phrase in 1:31.
of the sons of Zebulun
Quote: לִבְנֵ֣י זְבוּלֻ֔ן (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
See how you translated this phrase in 1:30.
is} Eliab the son of Helon
Quote: אֱלִיאָ֖ב בֶּן־חֵלֹֽן (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
See how you translated this phrase in 1:9.
Numbers 2:8
and his army and his counted ones
Quote: וּצְבָא֖וֹ וּפְקֻדָ֑יו (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
See how you translated this phrase in 2:6.
are} 57, 400
Quote: שִׁבְעָ֧ה וַחֲמִשִּׁ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וְאַרְבַּ֥ע מֵאֽוֹת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
See how you translated this number in 1:31.
Numbers 2:9
the counted ones
Quote: הַפְּקֻדִ֞ים (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
See how you translated the same use of counted ones in 2:4.
of the camp of Judah
Quote: לְמַחֲנֵ֣ה יְהוּדָ֗ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
See how you translated this phrase in 2:3.
are} 186, 400
Quote: מְאַ֨ת אֶ֜לֶף וּשְׁמֹנִ֥ים אֶ֛לֶף וְשֵֽׁשֶׁת־ אֲלָפִ֥ים וְאַרְבַּע־ מֵא֖וֹת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “one hundred and eighty-six thousand four hundred men”
according to their armies
Quote: לְצִבְאֹתָ֑ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
See how you translated this phrase in 1:3.
They will set out first
Quote: רִאשֹׁנָ֖ה יִסָּֽעוּ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
The phrase they will set out first refers to the Israelites journeying from one location to another. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “When traveling to a new location, the camp of Judah will start walking first”
first
Quote: רִאשֹׁנָ֖ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal
If your language does not use ordinal numbers, you could use a cardinal number here or an equivalent expression. Alternate translation: “before the other tribes”
Numbers 2:10
The banner of the camp of Reuben
Quote: דֶּ֣גֶל מַחֲנֵ֧ה רְאוּבֵ֛ן (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
Here Yahweh implies that these instructions refer to three tribes, Reuben, Simeon, and Gad, camping together under the banner of Reuben, as indicated in 2:10–16. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. See how you translated the similar expression in 2:3. Alternate translation: “The three tribes of Reuben, Simeon, and Gad will unite themselves under the banner of the camp of Reuben and”
will be} to the south
Quote: תֵּימָ֖נָה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
Here Yahweh implies that these people are camping to the south of the tent of meeting. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “to the south of the tent of meeting”
according to their armies
Quote: לְצִבְאֹתָ֑ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
See how you translated this phrase in 1:3.
of the sons of Reuben
Quote: לִבְנֵ֣י רְאוּבֵ֔ן (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
See how you translated this phrase in 1:20.
is} Elizur the son of Shedeur
Quote: אֱלִיצ֖וּר בֶּן־שְׁדֵיאֽוּר (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
See how you translated this phrase in 1:5.
Numbers 2:11
and his army and his counted ones
Quote: וּצְבָא֖וֹ וּפְקֻדָ֑יו (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
See how you translated this phrase in 2:6.
are} 46, 500
Quote: שִׁשָּׁ֧ה וְאַרְבָּעִ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וַחֲמֵ֥שׁ מֵאֽוֹת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
See how you translated this number in 1:21.
Numbers 2:12
beside him
Quote: עָלָ֖יו (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns
Here the pronoun him refers to the tribe of Reuben. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “beside the tribe of Reuben”
will be} the tribe of Simeon
Quote: מַטֵּ֣ה שִׁמְע֑וֹן (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
See how you translated this phrase in 1:23.
of the sons of Simeon
Quote: לִבְנֵ֣י שִׁמְע֔וֹן (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
See how you translated this phrase in 1:22.
is} Shelumiel the son of Zurishaddai
Quote: שְׁלֻמִיאֵ֖ל בֶּן־צוּרִֽי־שַׁדָּֽי (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
See how you translated this phrase in 1:6.
Numbers 2:13
and his army and their counted ones
Quote: וּצְבָא֖וֹ וּפְקֻדֵיהֶ֑ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
See how you translated this phrase in 2:4.
are} 59, 300
Quote: תִּשְׁעָ֧ה וַחֲמִשִּׁ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וּשְׁלֹ֥שׁ מֵאֽוֹת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
See how you translated this number in 1:23.
Numbers 2:14
And the tribe of Gad
Quote: וְמַטֵּ֖ה גָּ֑ד (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
Here Yahweh implied that the tribe of Gad would also camp beside the tribe of Reuben. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “And the tribe of Gad must also camp beside Reuben”
And the tribe of Gad
Quote: וְמַטֵּ֖ה גָּ֑ד (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
See how you translated the tribe of Gad in 1:14.
of the sons of Gad
Quote: לִבְנֵ֣י גָ֔ד (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
See how you translated this phrase in 1:24.
is} Eliasaph the son of Reuel
Quote: אֶלְיָסָ֖ף בֶּן־רְעוּאֵֽל (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
See how you translated this phrase in 1:14.
Numbers 2:15
and his army and their counted ones
Quote: וּצְבָא֖וֹ וּפְקֻדֵיהֶ֑ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
See how you translated this phrase in 2:4.
are} 45, 650
Quote: חֲמִשָּׁ֤ה וְאַרְבָּעִים֙ אֶ֔לֶף וְשֵׁ֥שׁ מֵא֖וֹת וַחֲמִשִּֽׁים (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
See how you translated this number in 1:25.
Numbers 2:16
All the counted ones of the camp of
Quote: כָּֽל־הַפְּקֻדִ֞ים לְמַחֲנֵ֣ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
See how you translated this phrase in 2:9.
are} 151, 450
Quote: מְאַ֨ת אֶ֜לֶף וְאֶחָ֨ד וַחֲמִשִּׁ֥ים אֶ֛לֶף וְאַרְבַּע־ מֵא֥וֹת וַחֲמִשִּׁ֖ים (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “are one hundred and fifty-one thousand four hundred and fifty”
according to their armies
Quote: לְצִבְאֹתָ֑ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
See how you translated this phrase in 1:3.
And they will set out second
Quote: וּשְׁנִיִּ֖ם יִסָּֽעוּ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
See how you translated set out in 2:9.
And they will set out second
Quote: וּשְׁנִיִּ֖ם יִסָּֽעוּ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal
If your language does not use ordinal numbers, you could use a cardinal number here or an equivalent expression. Alternate translation: “And they will set out after camp 1” or “And they will set out after Judah’s camp”
Numbers 2:17
And the tent of meeting will set out
Quote: וְנָסַ֧ע אֹֽהֶל־מוֹעֵ֛ד (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification
Here Yahweh refers to the Israelites changing locations along with the tent of meeting as if the tent of meeting were a person who will set out with them. See how you translated the same use of “sets out” in 1:51.
with} the camp of the Levites
Quote: מַחֲנֵ֥ה הַלְוִיִּ֖ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Here, the camp of the Levites refers to the people who descended from Levi and set up their tents together. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “with the camp of the people who descended from Levi”
in the midst of the camps
Quote: בְּת֣וֹךְ הַֽמַּחֲנֹ֑ת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
This phrase means that the tent of meeting and the camp of the Levites will travel between the camps described in 2:3–16 and the camps described in 2:18–31. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “between one group of camps and the other group of camps”
As they came so will they set out, … according to their banners
Quote: כַּאֲשֶׁ֤ר יַחֲנוּ֙ כֵּ֣ן יִסָּ֔עוּ & לְדִגְלֵיהֶֽם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns
Here, they and their refer to all the Israelite tribes. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “As all the Israelites came so will they set out … according to the banners of their tribes”
As they came so will they set out
Quote: כַּאֲשֶׁ֤ר יַחֲנוּ֙ כֵּ֣ן יִסָּ֔עוּ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
Here, came refers to arriving at a location and set out refers to leaving a location. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. See how you translated the same use of set out in 2:9. Alternate translation: “As they arrive in a location so will they depart from that location”
a man on his hand
Quote: אִ֥ישׁ עַל־יָד֖וֹ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
This phrase is an idiom that means “each person in his own position.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “each person in his own position”
according to their banners
Quote: לְדִגְלֵיהֶֽם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown
See how you translated “banner” in 1:52.
Numbers 2:18
The banner of the camp of Ephraim according to their armies
Quote: דֶּ֣גֶל מַחֲנֵ֥ה אֶפְרַ֛יִם לְצִבְאֹתָ֖ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
Here Yahweh implies that these instructions refer to three tribes, Ephraim, Manasseh, and Benjamin, camping together under the banner of Ephraim, as indicated in 2:18–24. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. See how you translated the similar expression in 2:10. Alternate translation: “The three tribes of Ephraim, Manasseh, and Benjamin will unite themselves under the banner of the camp of Ephraim according to their armies and”
according to their armies
Quote: לְצִבְאֹתָ֖ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
See how you translated this phrase in 1:3.
will be} to the west
Quote: יָ֑מָּה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
Here Yahweh implies that these people are camping to the west of the tent of meeting. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “will be to the west of the tent of meeting”
of the sons of Ephraim
Quote: לִבְנֵ֣י אֶפְרַ֔יִם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
See how you translated this phrase in 1:32.
is} Elishama the son of Ammihud
Quote: אֱלִישָׁמָ֖ע בֶּן־עַמִּיהֽוּד (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
See how you translated this phrase in 1:10.
Numbers 2:19
and his army and their counted ones
Quote: וּצְבָא֖וֹ וּפְקֻדֵיהֶ֑ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
See how you translated this phrase in 2:4.
are} 40, 500
Quote: אַרְבָּעִ֥ים אֶ֖לֶף וַחֲמֵ֥שׁ מֵאֽוֹת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
See how you translated this number in 1:33.
Numbers 2:20
And beside him
Quote: וְעָלָ֖יו (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns
Here the pronoun him refers to the tribe of Ephraim. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “And beside the tribe of Ephraim”
is} the tribe of Manasseh
Quote: מַטֵּ֣ה מְנַשֶּׁ֑ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
See how you translated this phrase in 1:35.
of the sons of Manasseh
Quote: לִבְנֵ֣י מְנַשֶּׁ֔ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
See how you translated this phrase in 1:34.
is} Gamaliel the son of Pedahzur
Quote: גַּמְלִיאֵ֖ל בֶּן־פְּדָהצֽוּר (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
See how you translated this phrase in 1:11.
Numbers 2:21
and his army and their counted ones
Quote: וּצְבָא֖וֹ וּפְקֻדֵיהֶ֑ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
See how you translated this phrase in 2:4.
are} 32, 200
Quote: שְׁנַ֧יִם וּשְׁלֹשִׁ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וּמָאתָֽיִם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
See how you translated this number in 1:35.
Numbers 2:22
And the tribe of Benjamin
Quote: וּמַטֵּ֖ה בִּנְיָמִ֑ן (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
Here Yahweh implied that the tribe of Benjamin would also camp beside the tribe of Ephraim. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “The tribe of Benjamin also must camp beside Ephraim”
And the tribe of Benjamin
Quote: וּמַטֵּ֖ה בִּנְיָמִ֑ן (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
See how you translated the tribe of Benjamin in 1:37.
of the sons of Benjamin
Quote: לִבְנֵ֣י בִנְיָמִ֔ן (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
See how you translated this phrase in 1:36.
is} Abidan the son of Gideoni
Quote: אֲבִידָ֖ן בֶּן־גִּדְעֹנִֽי (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
See how you translated this phrase in 1:11.
Numbers 2:23
and his army and their counted ones
Quote: וּצְבָא֖וֹ וּפְקֻדֵיהֶ֑ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis
See how you translated this phrase in 2:4.
are} 35, 400
Quote: חֲמִשָּׁ֧ה וּשְׁלֹשִׁ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וְאַרְבַּ֥ע מֵאֽוֹת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
See how you translated this number in 1:37.
Numbers 2:24
All the counted ones of the camp of
Quote: כָּֽל־הַפְּקֻדִ֞ים לְמַחֲנֵ֣ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
See how you translated this phrase in 2:9.
are} 108,100
Quote: מְאַ֥ת אֶ֛לֶף וּשְׁמֹֽנַת־ אֲלָפִ֥ים וּמֵאָ֖ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “are one hundred and eight thousand one hundred”
according to their armies
Quote: לְצִבְאֹתָ֑ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
See how you translated this phrase in 1:3.
And they will set out third
Quote: וּשְׁלִשִׁ֖ים יִסָּֽעוּ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
See how you translated set out in 2:9.
And they will set out third
Quote: וּשְׁלִשִׁ֖ים יִסָּֽעוּ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal
If your language does not use ordinal numbers, you could use a cardinal number here or an equivalent expression. Alternate translation: “And they will set out after camp 2” or “And they will set out after Reuben’s camp”
Numbers 2:25
The banner of the camp of Dan
Quote: דֶּ֣גֶל מַחֲנֵ֥ה דָ֛ן (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
Here Yahweh implies that these instructions refer to three tribes, Dan, Asher, and Naphthali, camping together under the banner of Dan, as indicated in 2:25–31. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. See how you translated the similar expression in 2:3. Alternate translation: “The three tribes of Dan, Asher, and Naphthali will unite themselves under the banner of the camp of Dan and”
will be} to the north
Quote: צָפֹ֖נָה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
Here Yahweh implies that these people are camping to the north of the tent of meeting. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “to the north of the tent of meeting”
according to their armies
Quote: לְצִבְאֹתָ֑ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
See how you translated this phrase in 1:3.
of the sons of Dan
Quote: לִבְנֵ֣י דָ֔ן (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
See how you translated this phrase in 1:38.
is} Ahiezer the son of Ammishaddai
Quote: אֲחִיעֶ֖זֶר בֶּן־עַמִּֽישַׁדָּֽי (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
See how you translated this phrase in 1:12.
Numbers 2:26
and his army and their counted ones
Quote: וּצְבָא֖וֹ וּפְקֻדֵיהֶ֑ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
See how you translated this phrase in 2:4.
are} 62, 700
Quote: שְׁנַ֧יִם וְשִׁשִּׁ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וּשְׁבַ֥ע מֵאֽוֹת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
See how you translated this number in 1:39.
Numbers 2:27
beside him
Quote: עָלָ֖יו (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns
Here the pronoun him refers to the tribe of Dan. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “beside the tribe of Dan”
will be} the tribe of Asher
Quote: מַטֵּ֣ה אָשֵׁ֑ר (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
See how you translated this phrase in 1:41.
of the sons of Asher
Quote: לִבְנֵ֣י אָשֵׁ֔ר (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
See how you translated this phrase in 1:40.
is} Pagiel the son of Okran
Quote: פַּגְעִיאֵ֖ל בֶּן־עָכְרָֽן (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
See how you translated this phrase in 1:13.
Numbers 2:28
and his army and their counted ones
Quote: וּצְבָא֖וֹ וּפְקֻדֵיהֶ֑ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
See how you translated this phrase in 2:4.
are} 41, 500
Quote: אֶחָ֧ד וְאַרְבָּעִ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וַחֲמֵ֥שׁ מֵאֽוֹת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
See how you translated this number in 1:41.
Numbers 2:29
And the tribe of Naphtali
Quote: וּמַטֵּ֖ה נַפְתָּלִ֑י (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
Here Yahweh implied that the tribe of Naphtali would also camp beside the tribe of Dan. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “The tribe of Naphtali also must camp beside Dan”
And the tribe of Naphtali
Quote: וּמַטֵּ֖ה נַפְתָּלִ֑י (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
See how you translated the tribe of Naphtali in 1:43.
of the sons of Naphtali
Quote: לִבְנֵ֣י נַפְתָּלִ֔י (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
See how you translated this phrase in 1:42.
is} Ahira the son of Enan
Quote: אֲחִירַ֖ע בֶּן־עֵינָֽן (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
See how you translated this phrase in 1:15.
Numbers 2:30
and his army and their counted ones
Quote: וּצְבָא֖וֹ וּפְקֻדֵיהֶ֑ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
See how you translated this phrase in 2:4.
are} 53, 400
Quote: שְׁלֹשָׁ֧ה וַחֲמִשִּׁ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וְאַרְבַּ֥ע מֵאֽוֹת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
See how you translated this number in 1:43.
Numbers 2:31
All the counted ones of the camp of
Quote: כָּל־הַפְּקֻדִים֙ לְמַ֣חֲנֵה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
See how you translated this phrase in 2:9.
are} 157, 600
Quote: מְאַ֣ת אֶ֗לֶף וְשִׁבְעָ֧ה וַחֲמִשִּׁ֛ים אֶ֖לֶף וְשֵׁ֣שׁ מֵא֑וֹת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “are one hundred and fifty-seven thousand six hundred”
They will set out
Quote: יִסְע֖וּ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
See how you translated set out in 2:9.
according to their banners
Quote: לְדִגְלֵיהֶֽם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown
See how you translated this phrase in 2:17.
according to their banners
Quote: לְדִגְלֵיהֶֽם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks
The direct speech that began in 2:2 ends at the end of this verse. Consider natural ways of ending direct quotations in your language.
Numbers 2:32
the counted ones of … the counted ones of
Quote: פְּקוּדֵ֥י & פְּקוּדֵ֤י (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
See how you translated the same use of counted ones in 1:46.
the sons of Israel
Quote: בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
See how you translated this phrase in 1:2.
according to the house of their fathers
Quote: לְבֵ֣ית אֲבֹתָ֑ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
See how you translated this phrase in 1:2.
according to their armies
Quote: לְצִבְאֹתָ֔ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
See how you translated this phrase in 1:3.
are} 603, 550
Quote: שֵׁשׁ־מֵא֥וֹת אֶ֨לֶף֙ וּשְׁלֹ֣שֶׁת אֲלָפִ֔ים וַחֲמֵ֥שׁ מֵא֖וֹת וַחֲמִשִּֽׁים (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
See how you translated this number in 1:46.
Numbers 2:33
And they did not count the Levites
Quote: וְהַ֨לְוִיִּ֔ם לֹ֣א הָתְפָּקְד֔וּ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast
And introduces a contrast to what was expected. Use a natural way in your language for introducing a contrast. Alternate translation: “But they did not count the Levites”
they did not count
Quote: לֹ֣א הָתְפָּקְד֔וּ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns
Here, they refers to Moses and Aaron. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly, as in the UST.
in the midst of
Quote: בְּת֖וֹךְ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
See how you translated the same use of in the midst of in 1:47.
the sons of Israel
Quote: בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
See how you translated this phrase in 1:2.
Numbers 2:34
And the sons of Israel did according to all that Yahweh commanded Moses
Quote: וַֽיַּעֲשׂ֖וּ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל כְּ֠כֹל אֲשֶׁר־צִוָּ֨ה יְהוָ֜ה אֶת־מֹשֶׁ֗ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-endofstory
See how you translated this clause in 1:54.
according to their banners
Quote: לְדִגְלֵיהֶם֙ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown
See how you translated this phrase in 2:17.
they set out
Quote: נָסָ֔עוּ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
See how you translated set out in 2:9.
a man
Quote: אִ֥ישׁ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
See how you translated the same use of a man in 1:52.
according to his clans, in accordance with the house of his fathers
Quote: לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖יו עַל־בֵּ֥ית אֲבֹתָֽיו (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
See how you translated the similar phrases in 1:2.
Numbers 3
Numbers 3 General Notes
Structure and Formatting
- Preparing to leave Sinai (1:1–10:10)
- Counting and assembling the tribes (1:1–4:49)
This chapter describes the counting of Levite men and their assignments for taking care of the tent of meeting.
Special Concepts in this Chapter
The tribe of Levi
The Levites had a special role in Israel. They were specially dedicated to serve Yahweh by offering sacrifices in the tent of meeting and taking care of that tent and everything involved in the system of sacrifices. (See: priest, priesthood)
Ransom
In 3:45–51, Yahweh requires the Israelites to pay a ransom to him for the firstborn males that he did not kill during the tenth plague in Egypt, as described in Exodus 12:29 and 13:15. Because Yahweh did not kill the firstborn male people and animals among the Israelites, he considered them to owe him their lives. Instead of taking their lives, Yahweh chose the Levite men to be his special servants in their place. However, the number of Levites was 273 people less than the number of firstborn males, so Yahweh required the people to pay money to him to redeem those additional people. (See: ransom, ransomed and redeem, redeemer, redemption)
Numbers 3:1
And these
Quote: וְאֵ֛לֶּה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent
And here introduces a new event that happened separately from the events described in the previous chapter. Use the natural form in your language for introducing a new event. Alternate translation: “Now these”
in the day
Quote: בְּי֗וֹם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
In this context, day does not refer to one specific day, but rather, to a more general time, as in the UST.
Numbers 3:2
Nadab … and Abihu, Eleazar, and Ithamar
Quote: נָדָ֑ב וַאֲבִיה֕וּא אֶלְעָזָ֖ר וְאִיתָמָֽר (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
Nadab, Abihu, Eleazar, and Ithamar are names of men.
Numbers 3:3
These {are} the names of the sons of Aaron
Quote: אֵ֗לֶּה שְׁמוֹת֙ בְּנֵ֣י אַהֲרֹ֔ן (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo
Since this clause is repeated from the previous verse, the expression here is extra information that would be unnatural to express in some languages. If this is true of your language, you could remove the expression here. Alternate translation (with no comma following): “They are”
the ones who were anointed, whose hand he filled
Quote: הַמְּשֻׁחִ֑ים אֲשֶׁר־מִלֵּ֥א יָדָ֖ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish
These clauses give further information about the priests. It is not making a distinction between the priests and the ones who were anointed or whose hand he filled. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make the relationship between these phrases clearer. Alternate translation: “that is, the ones who were anointed and whose hand he filled”
the ones who were anointed, whose hand he filled
Quote: הַמְּשֻׁחִ֑ים אֲשֶׁר־מִלֵּ֥א יָדָ֖ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you could state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. According to Leviticus 8:30, Moses anointed these men. Alternate translation: “the ones whom Moses anointed and whose hands he filled”
whose hand he filled to serve as priest
Quote: אֲשֶׁר־מִלֵּ֥א יָדָ֖ם לְכַהֵֽן (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun
Although he and priest are singular, here they refer to the priests in general. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use more natural expressions. Alternate translation: “whose hands he filled to serve as priests”
whose hand he filled
Quote: אֲשֶׁר־מִלֵּ֥א יָדָ֖ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
The expression hand he filled is an idiom that means to induct someone into the ministry and responsibilities of the priesthood. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “whom he dedicated”
Numbers 3:4
And Nadab died and Abihu
Quote: וַיָּ֣מָת נָדָ֣ב וַאֲבִיה֣וּא (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-contrast
And introduces a contrast to what was stated in the previous verses. Use a natural way in your language for introducing a contrast. Alternate translation: “But Nadab died and Abihu”
And Nadab died and Abihu
Quote: וַיָּ֣מָת נָדָ֣ב וַאֲבִיה֣וּא (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructure
If it would be more natural in your language, you could change the order of these words. Alternate translation: “And Nadab and Abihu died”
Nadab … and Abihu … and Ithamar
Quote: נָדָ֣ב וַאֲבִיה֣וּא & וְאִ֣יתָמָ֔ר (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
See how you translated these names in 3:2.
before the face of … before the face of … the face of
Quote: לִפְנֵ֣י & לִפְנֵ֤י & פְּנֵ֖י (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Here the word face represents the presence of a person by association with the way people can see the face of someone who is present. Although Yahweh is present everywhere, he was uniquely present in a powerful way in the tent of meeting. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “before the presence of … before the presence of … the presence of”
unfamiliar fire
Quote: אֵ֨שׁ זָרָ֜ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Here, fire refers to burning coals that Nadab and Abihu used to smolder the incense and cause it to smoke, as indicated the the account of this event in Leviticus 10:1. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly, as in the UST.
unfamiliar fire
Quote: אֵ֨שׁ זָרָ֜ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
The phrase unfamiliar fire indicates that something about the burning coals, the incense burned on them, or the manner in which Nadab and Abihu offered that incense was not according the Yahweh’s instructions for offering incense. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “unauthorized fire” or “prohibited fire”
in the wilderness of Sinai
Quote: בְּמִדְבַּ֣ר סִינַ֔י (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown
See how you translated this phrase in 1:1.
and sons were not belonging to them
Quote: וּבָנִ֖ים לֹא־הָי֣וּ לָהֶ֑ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
This phrase indicates that Nadab and Abihu did not have any sons who could take over their work in the tent of meeting. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and they had no sons”
And Eleazar served as priest and Ithamar
Quote: וַיְכַהֵ֤ן אֶלְעָזָר֙ וְאִ֣יתָמָ֔ר (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result
And here indicates that what follows is a result of what came before. Use a connector in your language that makes it clear that what follows is a result of what came before. Alternate translation: “As a result, Eleazar served as priest and Ithamar”
And Eleazar served as priest and Ithamar
Quote: וַיְכַהֵ֤ן אֶלְעָזָר֙ וְאִ֣יתָמָ֔ר (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructure
This phrase indicates that both Eleazar and Ithamar were priests. If it would be more natural in your language, you could change the order of these words to make this clear. Alternate translation: “And Eleazar and Ithamar served as priests”
Numbers 3:5
And Yahweh spoke
Quote: וַיְדַבֵּ֥ר יְהוָ֖ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-newevent
And here introduces a new event that happened separately from the event described in the previous verse, but not after that event. Use the natural form in your language for introducing a new event. Alternate translation: “Now Yahweh spoke”
saying
Quote: לֵּאמֹֽר (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks
Here, the word saying introduces direct speech that begins in the next verse and continues until 3:10. Consider natural ways of introducing direct quotations in your language.
Numbers 3:6
the tribe of
Quote: מַטֵּ֣ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
See how you translated this phrase in 1:21.
it
Quote: אֹת֔וֹ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns
Here, it refers to all the men of the tribe of Levi. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “them”
before the face of
Quote: לִפְנֵ֖י (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
See how you translated the same use of this phrase in 3:4.
Numbers 3:7
And they shall keep his keeping and the keeping of
Quote: וְשָׁמְר֣וּ אֶת־מִשְׁמַרְתּ֗וֹ וְאֶת־מִשְׁמֶ֨רֶת֙ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry
In this verse, keep and keeping refer to performing duties for Aaron and all the congregation. The word keeping occurs twice as an emphatic construction in which a verb and its object are related words. See how you translated the similar phrase “keep the keeping” in 1:53.
And they shall keep his keeping and the keeping of all the congregation
Quote: וְשָׁמְר֣וּ אֶת־מִשְׁמַרְתּ֗וֹ וְאֶת־מִשְׁמֶ֨רֶת֙ כָּל־הָ֣עֵדָ֔ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
Here Yahweh uses the possessive forms his and of to indicate that the Levites were supposed to perform their duties for the benefit of Aaron and all the congregation. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “And they shall perform duties for him and for all the congregation”
before the face of
Quote: לִפְנֵ֖י (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification
Here Yahweh refers to working in the presence of the tent of meeting as if the tent were a person with a face. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “in the presence of”
to serve the service of
Quote: לַעֲבֹ֖ד אֶת־עֲבֹדַ֥ת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry
The phrase serve the service is a construction in which a verb and its object are related words. You may be able to use the same construction in your language to express the meaning here. Alternatively, your language may have another way of showing the emphasis.
to serve
Quote: לַעֲבֹ֖ד (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
Here, to indicates that what follows is the means by which the Levites help Aaron and all the congregation. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “by means of serving”
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnounsNumbers 3:8
And they shall keep
Quote: וְשָׁמְר֗וּ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
Here, keep refers to taking care of these vessels. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “And they shall care for”
the vessels of the tent of meeting
Quote: כְּלֵי֙ אֹ֣הֶל מוֹעֵ֔ד (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
Here Yahweh is using the possessive form to describe vessels that were used in the tent of meeting. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “the vessels that are used in the tent of meeting”
the keeping of
Quote: מִשְׁמֶ֖רֶת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
See how you translated the same use of keeping in the phrase “the keeping of all the congregation” in the previous verse.
the sons of Israel
Quote: בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
See how you translated this phrase in 1:2.
to serve the service of the Dwelling
Quote: לַעֲבֹ֖ד אֶת־עֲבֹדַ֥ת הַמִּשְׁכָּֽן (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
See how you translated this phrase in the previous verse.
Numbers 3:9
And you shall give the Levites … are given, given
Quote: וְנָתַתָּה֙ אֶת־הַלְוִיִּ֔ם & נְתוּנִ֨ם נְתוּנִ֥ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Here Yahweh speaks of Moses assigning the Levites to serve Aaron and his family as if the Levites were objects that could be given to Aaron and to his sons. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “And you shall order the Levites to serve … are ordered to serve, ordered to serve”
And you shall give
Quote: וְנָתַתָּה֙ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular
Here, you is singular and refers to Moses. See how you translated the same use of you in 1:3.
And you shall give
Quote: וְנָתַתָּה֙ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-declarative
Here, shall indicates a command. See how you translated the same use of shall in 1:3.
and to his sons
Quote: וּלְבָנָ֑יו (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Here, sons refers to male descendants. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and to his male descendants”
They are given, given
Quote: נְתוּנִ֨ם נְתוּנִ֥ם הֵ֨מָּה֙ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “I have given them, given them”
They are given, given
Quote: נְתוּנִ֨ם נְתוּנִ֥ם הֵ֨מָּה֙ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-reduplication
Yahweh is repeating the word given in order to intensify the idea that it expresses. If your language can repeat words for intensification, it would be appropriate to do that here in your translation. If not, your language may have another way of expressing the emphasis. Alternate translation: “They are wholly given”
to him
Quote: ל֔וֹ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns
Here, him refers to Aaron and his descendants. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “to Aaron and his descendants”
the sons of Israel
Quote: בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
See how you translated this phrase in 1:2.
Numbers 3:10
you shall appoint
Quote: תִּפְקֹ֔ד (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-declarative
See how you translated the same use of you shall in the previous verse.
and his sons
Quote: וְאֶת־בָּנָיו֙ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
See how you translated the same use of his sons in the previous verse.
and they shall keep
Quote: וְשָׁמְר֖וּ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
See how you translated the same use of keep in 3:7.
their priesthood
Quote: אֶת־כְּהֻנָּתָ֑ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Here, their priesthood refers to all the duties that members of the priesthood must perform. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “their priestly duties”
And the stranger who comes near shall be put to death
Quote: וְהַזָּ֥ר הַקָּרֵ֖ב יוּמָֽת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
See how you translated this sentence in 1:51.
shall be put to death
Quote: יוּמָֽת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks
The direct speech that began in 3:6 ends at the end of this verse. Consider natural ways of ending direct quotations in your language.
Numbers 3:11
And Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying
Quote: וַיְדַבֵּ֥ר יְהוָ֖ה אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֥ה לֵּאמֹֽר (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks
See how you translated this clause in 3:5.
Numbers 3:12
And I, behold, I have taken
Quote: וַאֲנִ֞י הִנֵּ֧ה לָקַ֣חְתִּי (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet
Here Yahweh repeats I to emphasize that he is the one who has chosen the Levites instead of every firstborn. If your language can repeat words for intensification, it would be appropriate to do that here in your translation. If not, your language may have another way of expressing the emphasis. Alternate translation: “And behold, I myself have taken”
behold
Quote: הִנֵּ֧ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Yahweh is using the term behold to focus Moses’s attention on what he is about to say. Your language may have a comparable expression that you could use in your translation. Alternate translation: “listen”
I have taken the Levites from the midst of
Quote: לָקַ֣חְתִּי אֶת־הַלְוִיִּ֗ם מִתּוֹךְ֙ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Here Yahweh speaks of choosing the Levites instead of every firstborn as if he took them from the midst of the sons of Israel. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “I have selected the Levites from”
the sons of Israel … from the sons of Israel
Quote: בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל & מִבְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
See how you translated the sons of Israel in 1:2.
I have taken the Levites
Quote: לָקַ֣חְתִּי אֶת־הַלְוִיִּ֗ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
Here Yahweh implies that he has taken the Levites to serve him at the tent of meeting. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “I have taken the Levites to minister to me in the tent of meeting”
firstborn, the opener of the womb
Quote: בְּכ֛וֹר פֶּ֥טֶר רֶ֖חֶם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet
The word firstborn and the the opening of the womb refer to the same thing. Yahweh is using these together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase, as in the UST.
firstborn
Quote: בְּכ֛וֹר (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
Here, firstborn refers to firstborn males. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “firstborn son”
and the Levites are for me
Quote: וְהָ֥יוּ לִ֖י הַלְוִיִּֽם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result
Here, and indicates that what follows is the result of what came before. Use a connector in your language that makes it clear that what follows is a result of what came before. You may want to start a new sentence. Alternate translation: “As a result, the Levites are for me”
Numbers 3:13
firstborn … firstborn … firstborn
Quote: בְּכוֹר֒ & בְּכ֜וֹר & בְּכוֹר֙ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
See how you translated the same use of firstborn in the previous verse.
In the day of
Quote: בְּיוֹם֩ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
See how you translated this phrase in 3:1.
my striking down
Quote: הַכֹּתִ֨י (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
The phrase striking down refers to killing someone, which often involved striking someone so that the person falls down when he dies. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “my slaying”
in Israel
Quote: בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Here, Israel refers to the people who descended from Israel. See the discussion of this in the book introduction.
livestock
Quote: בְּהֵמָ֑ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns
The word livestock is singular in form, but it refers to all domesticated animals as a group. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this plainly. Alternate translation: “domesticated animals”
They are for me
Quote: לִ֥י יִהְי֖וּ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns
They here refers to every firstborn in Israel. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “All the firstborn in Israel are for me”
Numbers 3:14
And Yahweh spoke to Moses in the wilderness of Sinai, saying
Quote: וַיְדַבֵּ֤ר יְהוָה֙ אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֔ה בְּמִדְבַּ֥ר סִינַ֖י לֵאמֹֽר (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks
See how you translated the similar clause in 1:1.
Numbers 3:15
the sons of Levi
Quote: בְּנֵ֣י לֵוִ֔י (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Here, the sons of Levi refers specifically to the male descendants of Levi. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the male descendants of Levi”
according to the house of their fathers, according to their clans
Quote: לְבֵ֥ית אֲבֹתָ֖ם לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֑ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
See how you translated these clauses in 1:2.
You shall count them
Quote: תִּפְקְדֵֽם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo
Since this clause is repeated from the previous sentence, the expression here is extra information that would be unnatural to express in some languages. If this is true of your language, you could remove the expression here and combine this sentence with the previous sentence.
every male from a son of a month and upward
Quote: כָּל־זָכָ֛ר מִבֶּן־חֹ֥דֶשׁ וָמַ֖עְלָה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
See how you translated the similar clause in 1:20.
Numbers 3:16
And Moses counted them
Quote: וַיִּפְקֹ֥ד אֹתָ֛ם מֹשֶׁ֖ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result
And here introduces the result of obeying the instructions stated in the previous clause. Use the most natural way in your language to indicate results. Alternate translation: “As a result, Moses counted them”
in accordance with the mouth of Yahweh, just as he was commanded
Quote: עַל־פִּ֣י יְהוָ֑ה כַּאֲשֶׁ֖ר צֻוָּֽה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism
These two clauses mean similar things. Moses is using repetition to emphasize the idea that the clauses express. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could combine the phrases and express the emphasis in another way. Alternate translation: “exactly in accordance with what Yahweh had commanded”
the mouth of
Quote: פִּ֣י (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Here, mouth refers to what Yahweh said, which a person would do by using his mouth. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the speech of”
he was commanded
Quote: צֻוָּֽה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Yahweh commanded him”
Numbers 3:18
according to their clans
Quote: לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֑ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
See how you translated this phrase in 1:2.
Numbers 3:19
according to their clans
Quote: לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֑ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
See how you translated this phrase in 1:2.
Numbers 3:20
according to their clans
Quote: לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
See how you translated this phrase in 1:2.
These {are} they, the clans of
Quote: אֵ֥לֶּה הֵ֛ם מִשְׁפְּחֹ֥ת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo
Since what they refers to is stated in the next phrase, the expression here is extra information that would be unnatural to express in some languages. If this is true of your language, you could remove the expression here. Alternate translation: “These are the clans of”
the clans of the Levites
Quote: מִשְׁפְּחֹ֥ת הַלֵּוִ֖י (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
Here, clans refers to the three clans that descended from Levi’s three sons. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “the three clans founded by the sons of Levi”
according to the house of their fathers
Quote: לְבֵ֥ית אֲבֹתָֽם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
See how you translated this phrase in 1:2.
Numbers 3:21
Of Gershon
Quote: לְגֵ֣רְשׁ֔וֹן (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
See how you translated the same use of Of in the phrase “of Reuben” in 1:5.
the Libnite … of the Shimeite. … the Gershonite
Quote: הַלִּבְנִ֔י & הַשִּׁמְעִ֑י & הַגֵּרְשֻׁנִּֽי (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
Libnite refers to the people who descended from Libni, Shimeite refers to the people who descended from Shimei, and Gershonite refers to the people who descended from Gershon. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly, as in the UST.
These {are} they
Quote: אֵ֣לֶּה הֵ֔ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo
See how you translated this clause in the previous verse.
Numbers 3:22
Their counted ones … their counted ones
Quote: פְּקֻדֵיהֶם֙ & פְּקֻ֣דֵיהֶ֔ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. If you need to say who did the action, 3:16 indicates that Moses counted these men. Alternate translation: “Those whom Moses counted … those whom Moses counted”
Their counted ones by the number of every male from a son of a month and upward, their counted ones {were} 7, 500
Quote: פְּקֻדֵיהֶם֙ בְּמִסְפַּ֣ר כָּל־זָכָ֔ר מִבֶּן־חֹ֖דֶשׁ וָמָ֑עְלָה פְּקֻ֣דֵיהֶ֔ם שִׁבְעַ֥ת אֲלָפִ֖ים וַחֲמֵ֥שׁ מֵאֽוֹת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo
Since the same idea of their counted ones is repeated later in the verse, the expression here is extra information that would be unnatural to express in some languages. If this is true of your language, you could remove the expression here. You may need to change the order of the clauses in the sentence. Alternate translation: “Their counted ones were 7,500 by the number of every male from a son of a month and upward”
every male from a son of a month and upward
Quote: כָּל־זָכָ֔ר מִבֶּן־חֹ֖דֶשׁ וָמָ֑עְלָה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
See how you translated this phrase in 3:15.
were} 7, 500
Quote: שִׁבְעַ֥ת אֲלָפִ֖ים וַחֲמֵ֥שׁ מֵאֽוֹת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “were seventy-five hundred” or “were seven thousand five hundred”
Numbers 3:23
The clans of the Gershonite
Quote: מִשְׁפְּחֹ֖ת הַגֵּרְשֻׁנִּ֑י (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
See how you translated this phrase in 3:21.
to the west
Quote: יָֽמָּה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
See how you translated this phrase in 2:18.
Numbers 3:24
the house of the father
Quote: בֵֽית־אָ֖ב (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
See how you translated the similar phrase in 1:2.
of the Gershonite
Quote: לַגֵּרְשֻׁנִּ֑י (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
See how you translated this phrase is in the previous verse.
was} Eliasaph … Lael
Quote: אֶלְיָסָ֖ף & לָאֵֽל (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
Eliasaph and Lael are names of men.
Numbers 3:25
And the keeping of … was
Quote: וּמִשְׁמֶ֤רֶת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
Here, the keeping refers to the responsibility to take care of the tent of meeting. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. See how you translated the similar use of keeping in 1:53. Alternate translation: “And the responsibility of”
the sons of Gershon
Quote: בְּנֵֽי־גֵרְשׁוֹן֙ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Here, sons refers to male descendants. See how you translated the same use of sons in 3:9.
the Dwelling and the tent
Quote: הַמִּשְׁכָּ֖ן וְהָאֹ֑הֶל (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
Here, and indicates that what follows are different items included with the Dwelling. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “the Dwelling, which includes the tent”
Numbers 3:26
and the hangings of the courtyard
Quote: וְקַלְעֵ֣י הֶֽחָצֵ֗ר (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
The phrase hangings of the courtyard refers to the curtains that were used to form a fence around the courtyard, as described in Exodus 27:9–15. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “and the curtains hanging around the courtyard”
and its ropes for all its service
Quote: וְאֵת֙ מֵֽיתָרָ֔יו לְכֹ֖ל עֲבֹדָתֽוֹ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun
In this clause, the word its represents the previously mentioned parts of the tent of meeting in general, not one particular part of it. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural expression. Alternate translation: “and their ropes for all their service”
for all its service
Quote: לְכֹ֖ל עֲבֹדָתֽוֹ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns
If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of service, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “for all that serves it” or “for all maintaining of it”
Numbers 3:27
And of Kohath {were} the clan of the Amramite and the clan of the Izharite and the clan of the Hebronite and the clan of the Uzzielite. These {are} they, the clans of the Kohathite
Quote: וְלִקְהָ֗ת מִשְׁפַּ֤חַת הַֽעַמְרָמִי֙ וּמִשְׁפַּ֣חַת הַיִּצְהָרִ֔י וּמִשְׁפַּ֨חַת֙ הַֽחֶבְרֹנִ֔י וּמִשְׁפַּ֖חַת הָֽעָזִּיאֵלִ֑י אֵ֥לֶּה הֵ֖ם מִשְׁפְּחֹ֥ת הַקְּהָתִֽי (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
See how you translated the similar clauses in 3:21.
And of Kohath {were
Quote: וְלִקְהָ֗ת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
See how you translated Kohath in 3:17.
the Amramite … the Izharite … the Hebronite … the Uzzielite. … the Kohathite
Quote: הַֽעַמְרָמִי֙ & הַיִּצְהָרִ֔י & הַֽחֶבְרֹנִ֔י & הָֽעָזִּיאֵלִ֑י & הַקְּהָתִֽי (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
Amramite refers to the people who descended from Amram, Izharite refers to the people who descended from Izhar, Hebronite refers to the people who descended from Hebron, Uzzielite refers to the people who descended from Uzziel, and Kohathite refers to the people who descended from Kohath. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly, as in the UST.
Numbers 3:28
By the number of every male from a son of a month and upward
Quote: בְּמִסְפַּר֙ כָּל־זָכָ֔ר מִבֶּן־חֹ֖דֶשׁ וָמָ֑עְלָה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
See how you translated this clause in 3:22.
8, 600
Quote: שְׁמֹנַ֤ת אֲלָפִים֙ וְשֵׁ֣שׁ מֵא֔וֹת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “eight thousand six hundred males”
were} the keepers of the keeping of
Quote: שֹׁמְרֵ֖י מִשְׁמֶ֥רֶת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry
See how you translated the similar phrase in 1:53.
Numbers 3:29
to the south
Quote: תֵּימָֽנָה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
See how you translated this phrase in 2:10.
Numbers 3:30
the house of the father of
Quote: בֵֽית־אָ֖ב (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
See how you translated the similar phrase in 1:2.
was} Elizaphan the son of Uzziel
Quote: אֶלִיצָפָ֖ן בֶּן־עֻזִּיאֵֽל (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
Elizaphan and Uzziel are names of men.
Numbers 3:31
And their keeping {was
Quote: וּמִשְׁמַרְתָּ֗ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
See how you translated the same use of keeping in 3:25.
its service
Quote: עֲבֹדָתֽוֹ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun
See how you translated this phrase in 3:26.
Numbers 3:32
the oversight
Quote: פְּקֻדַּ֕ת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis
Moses is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from earlier in the sentence if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “he had the oversight”
the oversight
Quote: פְּקֻדַּ֕ת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns
If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of oversight, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “overseeing”
of the keepers of the keeping of the holy place
Quote: שֹׁמְרֵ֖י מִשְׁמֶ֥רֶת הַקֹּֽדֶשׁ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry
See how you translated this phrase in 3:28.
Numbers 3:33
Of Merari {were} the clan of the Mahlite and the clan of the Mushite. These {are} they, the clans of Merari
Quote: לִמְרָרִ֕י מִשְׁפַּ֨חַת֙ הַמַּחְלִ֔י וּמִשְׁפַּ֖חַת הַמּוּשִׁ֑י אֵ֥לֶּה הֵ֖ם מִשְׁפְּחֹ֥ת מְרָרִֽי (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
See how you translated the similar clauses in 3:21.
Of Merari {were} … Merari
Quote: לִמְרָרִ֕י & מְרָרִֽי (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
See how you translated this name in 3:17.
the Mahlite … the Mushite
Quote: הַמַּחְלִ֔י & הַמּוּשִׁ֑י (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
Mahlite refers to the people who descended from Mahli and Mushite refers to the people who descended from Mushi. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly, as in the UST.
Numbers 3:34
And their counted ones by the number of every male from a son of a month and upward
Quote: וּפְקֻדֵיהֶם֙ בְּמִסְפַּ֣ר כָּל־זָכָ֔ר מִבֶּן־חֹ֖דֶשׁ וָמָ֑עְלָה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
See how you translated this clause in 3:22.
were} 6, 200
Quote: שֵׁ֥שֶׁת אֲלָפִ֖ים וּמָאתָֽיִם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “were six thousand two hundred”
Numbers 3:35
And the leader of the house of the father of the clans of
Quote: וּנְשִׂ֤יא בֵֽית־אָב֙ לְמִשְׁפְּחֹ֣ת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
See how you translated this phrase in 3:30.
was} Zuriel … Abihail
Quote: צוּרִיאֵ֖ל & אֲבִיחָ֑יִל (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
Zuriel and Abihail are names of men.
to the north
Quote: צָפֹֽנָה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
See how you translated this phrase in 2:25.
Numbers 3:36
And the oversight of … was
Quote: וּפְקֻדַּ֣ת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns
See how you translated the abstract noun oversight in 3:32.
the keeping of
Quote: מִשְׁמֶרֶת֮ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
See how you translated the same use of keeping in 3:25.
the sons of Merari
Quote: בְּנֵ֣י מְרָרִי֒ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Here, sons refers to male descendants. See how you translated the same use of sons in 3:9.
the frames of
Quote: קַרְשֵׁי֙ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown
Here, frames refers to open wooden structures made to hold the curtains. If a translation is available in your language, see how it translates this term in Exodus 26:15.
and its crossbars
Quote: וּבְרִיחָ֖יו (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown
The crossbars are horizontal support beams that give stability to the structure. If a translation is available in your language, see how it translates this term in Exodus 26:26.
and its bases
Quote: וַאֲדָנָ֑יו (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown
These bases were silver blocks that had a slot in them to keep the board in place and off the ground. If a translation is available in your language, see how it translates this term in Exodus 26:19.
and all its service
Quote: וְכֹ֖ל עֲבֹדָתֽוֹ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns
See how you translated this phrase in 3:31.
Numbers 3:37
and the pillars of the courtyard
Quote: וְעַמֻּדֵ֧י הֶחָצֵ֛ר (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
The phrase the pillars of the courtyard refers to the bronze posts that were used to form a fence around the courtyard, as described in Exodus 27:9–15. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “and the posts around the courtyard”
and their bases and their pegs and their ropes
Quote: וְאַדְנֵיהֶ֑ם וִיתֵדֹתָ֖ם וּמֵֽיתְרֵיהֶֽם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown
Here, bases, pegs, and ropes refer to the items used to secure the pillars and curtains of the courtyard fence into place. If a translation is available in your language, see how it translates this term in Exodus 27:9–19.
Numbers 3:38
before the face of … before the face of
Quote: לִפְנֵ֣י & לִפְנֵי֩ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification
See how you translated the same use of this phrase in 3:7.
before the face of the Dwelling to the east, before the face of the tent of meeting toward the sunrise
Quote: לִפְנֵ֣י הַמִּשְׁכָּ֡ן קֵ֣דְמָה לִפְנֵי֩ אֹֽהֶל־מוֹעֵ֨ד ׀ מִזְרָ֜חָה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism
These two clauses mean basically the same thing. Moses is using the two clauses together for emphasize that the descendants of Moses and Aaron camped in an honored place nearest to the Dwelling. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could combine the phrases and express the emphasis in another way. Alternate translation: “nearest to the front of the eastern side of the tent of meeting”
and his sons
Quote: וּבָנָ֗יו (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Here, sons refers to male descendants. See how you translated the same use of sons in 3:9.
the keepers of the keeping of the holy place
Quote: שֹֽׁמְרִים֙ מִשְׁמֶ֣רֶת הַמִּקְדָּ֔שׁ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry
See how you translated this phrase in 3:28.
according to the keeping of the sons of Israel
Quote: לְמִשְׁמֶ֖רֶת בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
See how you translated the keeping of the sons of Israel in 3:8.
And the stranger who comes near shall be put to death
Quote: וְהַזָּ֥ר הַקָּרֵ֖ב יוּמָֽת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
See how you translated this sentence in 1:51.
Numbers 3:39
All the counted ones … whom Moses and Aaron counted
Quote: כָּל־פְּקוּדֵ֨י & אֲשֶׁר֩ פָּקַ֨ד מֹשֶׁ֧ה וְׄאַׄהֲׄרֹ֛ׄןׄ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
see how you translated these phrases in 1:44.
in accordance with the mouth of Yahweh
Quote: עַל־פִּ֥י יְהוָ֖ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
See how you translated this clause in 3:16.
according to their clans
Quote: לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֑ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
See how you translated this phrase in 1:2.
every male from a son of a month and upward
Quote: כָּל־זָכָר֙ מִבֶּן־חֹ֣דֶשׁ וָמַ֔עְלָה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
See how you translated this phrase in 3:15.
were} 22, 000
Quote: שְׁנַ֥יִם וְעֶשְׂרִ֖ים אָֽלֶף׃ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “were twenty-two thousand”
Numbers 3:40
And Yahweh said to Moses
Quote: וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֜ה אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֗ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks
This clause introduces direct speech that begins in this verse and continues to the end of the next verse. Consider natural ways of introducing direct quotations in your language.
of the sons of Israel
Quote: לִבְנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
See how you translated this phrase in 1:2.
from a son of a month and upward
Quote: מִבֶּן־חֹ֖דֶשׁ וָמָ֑עְלָה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
See how you translated this phrase in the previous verse.
And lift up the number of their names
Quote: וְשָׂ֕א אֵ֖ת מִסְפַּ֥ר שְׁמֹתָֽם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
This sentence could mean: (1) to write down a list of names. Alternate translation: “And write down their names” (2) to write down the number of names that are counted. Alternate translation: “And write down the number of their names”
their names
Quote: שְׁמֹתָֽם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
Here, names refers to the names of the males whom Moses would count. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the names of those counted”
Numbers 3:41
And you shall take the Levites for me—I {am} Yahweh
Quote: וְלָקַחְתָּ֨ אֶת־הַלְוִיִּ֥ם לִי֙ אֲנִ֣י יְהוָ֔ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-infostructure
Yahweh interrupts the sentence with the statement I am Yahweh in order to emphasize that he wanted the Levites for himself. If it would be more natural in your language, you could change the order of these clauses. Alternate translation: “I, Yahweh, want you to take the Levites for me”
the sons of Israel, … the sons of Israel
Quote: בִּבְנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל & בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
See how you translated this phrase in 1:2.
the firstborn of … the firstborn
Quote: בְּכֹ֖ר & בְּכ֔וֹר (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
In this verse, firstborn refers specifically to firstborn males. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “the firstborn males of … the firstborn males”
the livestock of … among the livestock of
Quote: בֶּהֱמַ֣ת & בְּבֶהֱמַ֖ת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns
See how you translated livestock in 3:13.
Numbers 3:42
And Moses counted
Quote: וַיִּפְקֹ֣ד מֹשֶׁ֔ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result
And here introduces the result of obeying the instructions stated in the previous clause. See how you translated the same use of And in 3:16.
the firstborn of
Quote: בְּכֹ֖ר (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
See how you translated the same use of firstborn in the previous verse.
the sons of Israel
Quote: בִּבְנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
See how you translated this phrase in 1:2.
Numbers 3:43
by the number of the names
Quote: בְּמִסְפַּ֥ר שֵׁמ֛וֹת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
See how you translated this phrase in 1:2.
from a son of a month and upward
Quote: מִבֶּן־חֹ֥דֶשׁ וָמַ֖עְלָה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
See how you translated this phrase in 3:15.
according to their counted ones
Quote: לִפְקֻדֵיהֶ֑ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
See how you translated their counted ones in 3:22.
was} 22, 273
Quote: שְׁנַ֤יִם וְעֶשְׂרִים֙ אֶ֔לֶף שְׁלֹשָׁ֥ה וְשִׁבְעִ֖ים וּמָאתָֽיִם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “was twenty-two thousand two hundred and seventy-three men”
Numbers 3:44
saying
Quote: לֵּאמֹֽר (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations
Here, the word saying introduces direct speech that continues until 3:48. Consider natural ways of introducing direct quotations in your language.
Numbers 3:45
instead of all the firstborn among the sons of Israel
Quote: תַּ֤חַת כָּל־בְּכוֹר֙ בִּבְנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
See how you translated the nearly identical phrase in 3:41.
the livestock of … their livestock
Quote: בֶּהֱמַ֥ת & בְּהֶמְתָּ֑ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns
See how you translated livestock in 3:13.
their livestock
Quote: בְּהֶמְתָּ֑ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
Here Yahweh implies the firstborn male livestock, as stated in 3:41. If it would be helpful in your language you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “their firstborn male livestock”
Numbers 3:46
the ransoms of
Quote: פְּדוּיֵ֣י (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
Here, ransoms refers to money that must be paid to purchase the lives of the additional 273 firstborn mentioned in this verse. See the discussion of this in the General Notes for this chapter.
the 273
Quote: הַשְּׁלֹשָׁ֔ה וְהַשִּׁבְעִ֖ים וְהַמָּאתָ֑יִם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “the two hundred seventy-three”
the 273, the ones in excess over the Levites from the firstborn of the sons of Israel
Quote: הַשְּׁלֹשָׁ֔ה וְהַשִּׁבְעִ֖ים וְהַמָּאתָ֑יִם הָעֹֽדְפִים֙ עַל־הַלְוִיִּ֔ם מִבְּכ֖וֹר בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל (1)This means that there were 273 more firstborn males among the other tribes of the Israelites than there are total number of Levite males.
the ones in excess over the Levites from the firstborn of the sons of Israel
Quote: הָעֹֽדְפִים֙ עַל־הַלְוִיִּ֔ם מִבְּכ֖וֹר בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish
This clause gives further information about the 273. It is not making a distinction between the 273 and the ones in excess. If it would be helpful in your language, you could make the relationship between these phrases clearer. Alternate translation: “that is, the ones in excess over the Levites from the firstborn of the sons of Israel”
from the firstborn of the sons of Israel
Quote: מִבְּכ֖וֹר בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
See how you translated this phrase in 3:41.
Numbers 3:47
and you shall take … You shall take
Quote: וְלָקַחְתָּ֗ & תִּקָּ֔ח (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-declarative
In this verse, shall indicates a command. See how you translated the same use of shall in 1:3.
five, five shekels … is} the shekel
Quote: חֲמֵ֧שֶׁת חֲמֵ֛שֶׁת שְׁקָלִ֖ים & הַשָּֽׁקֶל (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney
A shekel was an amount of silver that weighed about 11 grams. You could try to express this amount in terms of current monetary values, but that might cause your Bible translation to become outdated and inaccurate, since those values can change over time. So instead you might state something more general or give the equivalent in wages. Alternate translation: “55 grams, 55 grams of silver … is 11 grams of silver”
five, five
Quote: חֲמֵ֧שֶׁת חֲמֵ֛שֶׁת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-reduplication
Yahweh repeats the same word five in order to emphasize the exact amount. If your language can repeat words for emphasis, it would be appropriate to do that here in your translation. If not, your language may have another way of expressing the emphasis. Alternate translation: “precisely five”
for the skull
Quote: לַגֻּלְגֹּ֑לֶת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche
See how you translated the same use of “skulls” in 1:2.
by the shekel of the holy place
Quote: בְּשֶׁ֤קֶל הַקֹּ֨דֶשׁ֙ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney
The silver shekel that was used in the holy place was an ancient measurement of the weight of silver that functioned as a currency, equivalent to approximately 11 grams or two-fifths of an ounce of silver. You could try to express this amount in terms of the current monetary value of silver, but that might cause your translation to become outdated and inaccurate since those values can change over time. Instead, consider using a generic phrase. Alternate translation: “by the standard weight of silver that is used by the priests in the holy place”
20 gerahs
Quote: עֶשְׂרִ֥ים גֵּרָ֖ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight
A “gerah” is a unit of weight equal to about 0.57 kilograms. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could express this in terms of modern measurements, either in the text or a footnote.
Numbers 3:48
And you shall give
Quote: וְנָתַתָּ֣ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-declarative
In this verse, shall indicates a command. See how you translated the same use of shall in 1:3.
the ones in excess among them
Quote: הָעֹדְפִ֖ים בָּהֶֽם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
This phrase refers to the 273 firstborn male Israelites mentioned in 3:46. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “the 273 in excess among the firstborn Israelite males”
among them
Quote: בָּהֶֽם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks
The direct speech that began in 3:45 ends at the end of this verse. Consider natural ways of ending direct quotations in your language.
Numbers 3:49
And Moses took
Quote: וַיִּקַּ֣ח מֹשֶׁ֔ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-result
And here indicates that what follows is a result of what came before. Use a connector in your language that makes it clear that what follows is a result of what came before. Alternate translation: “As a result, Moses took”
the silver of the ransom
Quote: כֶּ֣סֶף הַפִּדְי֑וֹם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
Here Moses uses the possessive form to describe the silver that was the ransom. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “the silver, that is, the ransom”
the ones in excess over
Quote: הָעֹ֣דְפִ֔ים עַ֖ל (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
See how you translated this phrase in 3:46.
the ransomed ones of the Levites
Quote: פְּדוּיֵ֥י הַלְוִיִּֽם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the ones whom the Levites ransomed”
the ransomed ones of
Quote: פְּדוּיֵ֥י (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
Here, ransomed refers to paying for lives by substituting them with other lives, whereas ransom earlier in the verse referred to paying for lives with money. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “the ones substituted by” or “the ones who were replaced by”
Numbers 3:50
the firstborn of the sons of Israel
Quote: בְּכ֛וֹר בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
See how you translated this phrase in 3:41.
1, 365
Quote: חֲמִשָּׁ֨ה וְשִׁשִּׁ֜ים וּשְׁלֹ֥שׁ מֵא֛וֹת וָאֶ֖לֶף (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “one thousand three hundred and sixty-five”
by the shekel of the holy place
Quote: בְּשֶׁ֥קֶל הַקֹּֽדֶשׁ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight
See how you translated this phrase in 3:47.
Numbers 3:51
the silver of the ransom
Quote: כֶּ֧סֶף הַפְּדֻיִ֛ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
See how you translated this phrase in 3:49.
in accordance with the mouth of Yahweh, just as Yahweh had commanded Moses
Quote: עַל־פִּ֣י יְהוָ֑ה כַּאֲשֶׁ֛ר צִוָּ֥ה יְהוָ֖ה אֶת־מֹשֶֽׁה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism
These two clauses mean similar things. Moses is using repetition to emphasize the idea that the clauses express. If it would be helpful to your readers, you could combine the phrases and express the emphasis in another way. See how you translated this similar clauses in 3:16. Alternate translation: “exactly in accordance with what Yahweh had commanded”
in accordance with the mouth of Yahweh
Quote: עַל־פִּ֣י יְהוָ֑ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
See how you translated this phrase in 3:16.
Numbers 4
Numbers 4 General Notes
Structure and Formatting
- Preparing to leave Sinai (1:1–10:10)
- Counting and assembling the tribes (1:1–4:49)
This chapter describes the assignments Yahweh gave to each of the families who descended from Levi with regard for taking care of and transporting the tent of meeting. (See: tabernacle)
Special Concepts in this Chapter
The tribe of Levi
The Levites had a special role in Israel. They were specially dedicated to serve Yahweh by offering sacrifices in the tent of meeting and taking care of that tent and everything involved in the system of sacrifices. (See: priest, priesthood)
Possible Translation Difficulties in this Chapter
“A son of 30 years and upward and up to a son of 50 years”
The phrase “a son of … years” is an idiom that refers to the age of a man. The longer phrase here refers to a man who is at least 30 years old and at most 50 years old. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “a man who is at least 30 years old and at most 50 years old” or “a man who is between 30 years or and 50 years old” (See: Idiom)
Numbers 4:1
saying
Quote: לֵאמֹֽר (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks
Here the word saying introduces direct speech that continues until 4:20. Consider natural ways of introducing direct quotations in your language.
Numbers 4:2
Lift up the head of
Quote: נָשֹׂ֗א אֶת־רֹאשׁ֙ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
See how you translated the nearly identical idiom in 1:2.
the sons of … the sons of
Quote: בְּנֵ֣י & בְּנֵ֣י (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
In this verse, sons refers to male descendants. See how you translated the same use of sons in 3:9.
Kohath
Quote: קְהָ֔ת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
See how you translated this name in 3:17.
according to their clans, according to the house of their fathers
Quote: לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖ם לְבֵ֥ית אֲבֹתָֽם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
See how you translated these clauses in 1:2.
Numbers 4:3
from a son of 30 years and upward and up to a son of 50 years
Quote: מִבֶּ֨ן שְׁלֹשִׁ֤ים שָׁנָה֙ וָמַ֔עְלָה וְעַ֖ד בֶּן־חֲמִשִּׁ֣ים שָׁנָ֑ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
See the discussion of this phrase in the General Notes for this chapter.
to the company
Quote: לַצָּבָ֔א (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns
The word company is singular in form, but it refers to several people who work together as a group. If it would be helpful in your language, you could say this plainly. Alternate translation: “to the team of workers”
Numbers 4:4
is} the service of the sons of Kohath
Quote: עֲבֹדַ֥ת בְּנֵי־קְהָ֖ת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns
If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of service, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “is what the sons of Kohath will do to serve”
the sons of Kohath
Quote: בְּנֵי־קְהָ֖ת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
See how you translated this phrase in 4:2.
the holiest holy things
Quote: קֹ֖דֶשׁ הַקֳּדָשִֽׁים (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis
Yahweh is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from the context if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “concerning the holiest holy things”
Numbers 4:5
and his sons
Quote: וּבָנָיו֙ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
See how you translated the same use of sons in the previous verse.
the camp
Quote: הַֽמַּחֲנֶ֔ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Here, camp refers to the people dwelling in the camp. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the people in the camp”
when … sets out
Quote: בִּנְסֹ֣עַ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
See how you translated the same use of “set out” in 2:9.
the curtain of the covering
Quote: פָּרֹ֣כֶת הַמָּסָ֑ךְ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
Here Yahweh is using the possessive form to describe the curtain that is characterized by covering. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “the covering curtain”
Numbers 4:6
on it
Quote: עָלָ֗יו (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns
Here, it refers to both “the box of the testimony” and “the curtain of the covering” that covers the box, as mentioned in the previous verse. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “upon the box and its covering”
the skin of the porpoise
Quote: ע֣וֹר תַּ֔חַשׁ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown
Although the meaning of this word is not certain, many scholars believe it refers to a porpoise, which is a water mammal that has skin that can be made into high-quality leather. If your readers would not be familiar with this type of sea animal, you could use a more general term. Alternate translation: “durable animal skin”
a cloth entirely of blue
Quote: בֶֽגֶד־כְּלִ֛יל תְּכֵ֖לֶת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
Here Yahweh is using the possessive form to describe a cloth that is entirely blue in color. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “an entirely blue cloth”
above
Quote: מִלְמָ֑עְלָה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
Here Yahweh implies that this cloth should be spread above the “box of the testimony,” “the covering,” and the skin of the porpoise. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “above all these things”
its poles
Quote: בַּדָּֽיו (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns
Here, its refers to “the box of the testimony” mentioned in the previous verse. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “the box’s poles”
its poles
Quote: בַּדָּֽיו (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
These poles were inserted into rings on the sides of the ark so that the poles could be used to carry the ark, as explained in Exodus 25:14. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “the poles into the rings on the sides of the box in order to carry it”
Numbers 4:7
the table of the faces
Quote: שֻׁלְחַ֣ן הַפָּנִ֗ים (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Here, faces represents the presence of Yahweh. This table was placed before the presence of Yahweh in the tent of meeting and the Levites were to place on it special bread for Yahweh, as described in Exodus 25:30. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. See how you translated the similar use of “face” in 3:4. Alternate translation: “the table in Yahweh’s presence” or “the table of the presence”
a cloth of blue
Quote: בֶּ֣גֶד תְּכֵלֶת֒ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
See how you translated the similar phrase “a cloth entirely of blue” in the previous verse.
on it … on it
Quote: עָ֠לָיו & עָלָ֥יו (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns
In this verse, it refers to the cloth of blue that covers the table. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “on that cloth … on that cloth”
the plates and the palm-sized bowls and the bowls and the pitchers of
Quote: אֶת־הַקְּעָרֹ֤ת וְאֶת־הַכַּפֹּת֙ וְאֶת־הַמְּנַקִּיֹּ֔ת וְאֵ֖ת קְשׂ֣וֹת (1)If a translation exists in your language, see how the words plates, palm-sized pans, bowls, and pitchers are translated in Exodus 25:29 and 37:16.
the pitchers of the drink offering
Quote: קְשׂ֣וֹת הַנָּ֑סֶךְ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
Here Yahweh is using the possessive form to describe pitchers that were used for pouring out the drink offering. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “the pitchers for the drink offering”
the drink offering
Quote: הַנָּ֑סֶךְ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun
The phrase drink offering represents drink offerings in general, not one particular drink offering. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural expression. Alternate translation: “drink offerings”
and the bread of continuity
Quote: וְלֶ֥חֶם הַתָּמִ֖יד (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
Here Yahweh is using the possessive form to describe the bread that the Levites were to offer to Yahweh continually. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “and the bread that should be offered continually”
Numbers 4:8
a cloth of the worms of scarlet
Quote: בֶּ֚גֶד תּוֹלַ֣עַת שָׁנִ֔י (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
Here Yahweh is using the possessive form to describe a cloth that was made scarlet in color by using a dye produced from worms. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “a cloth that has been dyed scarlet”
it
Quote: אֹת֔וֹ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns
Here, it refers to a cloth of the worms of scarlet. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “that cloth”
with a covering of the skin of the porpoise
Quote: בְּמִכְסֵ֖ה ע֣וֹר תָּ֑חַשׁ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown
See how you translated the same phrase in 4:6.
and they shall place its poles
Quote: וְשָׂמ֖וּ אֶת־בַּדָּֽיו (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
These poles were inserted into rings on the sides of the table so that the poles could be used to carry it, as explained in Exodus 25:26–28. See how you translated the similar use of this clause in 4:6.
its poles
Quote: בַּדָּֽיו (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns
Here, its refers to the table mentioned in the previous verse. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “that table”
Numbers 4:9
a cloth of blue
Quote: בֶּ֣גֶד תְּכֵ֗לֶת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
See how you translated this phrase in 4:7.
the lampstand of the light source
Quote: אֶת־מְנֹרַ֤ת הַמָּאוֹר֙ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
Here Yahweh is using the possessive form to describe the lampstand that is used for the light source in the tent of meeting. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “the lampstand that is used for light”
the lampstand of … and its lamps and its snuffers and its trays
Quote: אֶת־מְנֹרַ֤ת & וְאֶת־נֵ֣רֹתֶ֔יהָ וְאֶת־מַלְקָחֶ֖יהָ וְאֶת־מַחְתֹּתֶ֑יהָ (1)If a translation exists in your language, see how the words lampstand, lamps, snuffers, and trays are translated in Exodus 25:31–38.
the vessels of its oil
Quote: כְּלֵ֣י שַׁמְנָ֔הּ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
Here Yahweh is using the possessive form to describe the vessels that contained the oil that was burned in the lamps for producing light. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “the vessels for its oil”
they serve
Quote: יְשָׁרְתוּ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification
Here Yahweh refers to the Levites supplying oil to keep the lamps on the lampstand burning as if the lampstand were a person whom they serve. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “the provide oil to”
Numbers 4:10
it and all its vessels … and they shall put {it
Quote: אֹתָהּ֙ וְאֶת־כָּל־כֵּלֶ֔יהָ & וְנָתְנ֖וּ (1)Here, its and the first occurrenceit refer to the lampstand mentioned in the previous verse, but the second occurrence of it refers to the covering that contains the lampstand and all its vessels. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “the lampstand and its vessels … and they shall put the covering and everything in it”
a covering of the skin of the porpoise
Quote: מִכְסֵ֖ה ע֣וֹר תָּ֑חַשׁ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown
See how you translated this phrase in 4:6.
Numbers 4:11
the altar of gold
Quote: מִזְבַּ֣ח הַזָּהָ֗ב (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
Here Yahweh is using the possessive form to describe the altar that was overlaid with gold, as described in Exodus 30:1–6. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “the altar overlaid with gold”
a cloth of blue
Quote: בֶּ֣גֶד תְּכֵ֔לֶת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
See how you translated this phrase in 4:7.
and they shall cover it with a covering of the skin of the porpoise
Quote: וְכִסּ֣וּ אֹת֔וֹ בְּמִכְסֵ֖ה ע֣וֹר תָּ֑חַשׁ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown
See how you translated this clause in 4:8.
and they shall place its poles
Quote: וְשָׂמ֖וּ אֶת־בַּדָּֽיו (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
These poles were inserted into rings on the sides of the altar so that the poles could be used to carry it, as explained in Exodus 30:4–5. See how you translated the similar use of this clause in 4:6.
Numbers 4:12
the implements of the service with which they serve
Quote: כְּלֵ֨י הַשָּׁרֵ֜ת אֲשֶׁ֧ר יְשָֽׁרְתוּ־בָ֣ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo
The expression service with which they serve contains extra information that would be unnatural to express in some languages. If this is true of your language, you could shorten the expression. Alternate translation: “the implements with which they serve”
a cloth of blue
Quote: בֶּ֣גֶד תְּכֵ֔לֶת (1)See how you translated this phrase in 4:7.
And they shall cover them with a covering of the skin of the porpoise. … it
Quote: וְכִסּ֣וּ אוֹתָ֔ם בְּמִכְסֵ֖ה ע֣וֹר תָּ֑חַשׁ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown
See how you translated the similar clause in 4:8.
Numbers 4:13
the altar
Quote: הַמִּזְבֵּ֑חַ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
Here, the altar refers to the altar that was overlaid with bronze and was placed in front of the tent of meeting, as described in Exodus 27:1–8. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “the altar overlaid with bronze”
Numbers 4:14
all the implements of the altar
Quote: כֹּ֖ל כְּלֵ֣י הַמִּזְבֵּ֑חַ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo
Since the phrase all its implements and all the implements of the altar mean the same thing, the expression here is extra information that would be unnatural to express in some languages. If this is true of your language, you could remove the expression here, as in the UST.
on it
Quote: עָלָ֗יו (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns
Here, it refers to both the altar and all its implements. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “on all those items”
a covering of the skin of the porpoise
Quote: כְּס֛וּי ע֥וֹר תַּ֖חַשׁ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown
See how you translated this phrase in 4:6.
and they shall place its poles
Quote: וְשָׂמ֥וּ בַדָּֽיו (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
These poles were inserted into rings on the sides of the altar so that the poles could be used to carry the ark, as explained in Exodus 27:6–7. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “the poles into the rings on the sides of the altar in order to carry it”
Numbers 4:15
and his sons … the sons of … the sons of
Quote: וּ֠בָנָיו & בְנֵי & בְנֵֽי (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
In this verse, sons refers to male descendants. See how you translated the same use of sons in 3:9.
when the camp sets out
Quote: בִּנְסֹ֣עַ הַֽמַּחֲנֶה֒ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
See how you translated this clause in 4:5.
Kohath … Kohath
Quote: קְהָת֙ & קְהָ֖ת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
See how you translated this name in 3:17.
the holy thing
Quote: הַקֹּ֖דֶשׁ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun
The phrase the holy thing represents the holy items used in the holy place and the parts of the holy place in general, not one particular holy thing. If it would be helpful in your language, you could use a more natural expression. Alternate translation: “the holy things”
are the load of
Quote: מַשָּׂ֥א (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
The word load refers to all the items that the sons of Kohath must carry when the Israelites travel to another location. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “are the things that must be carried by”
Numbers 4:16
And the oversight of … the oversight of
Quote: וּפְקֻדַּ֞ת & פְּקֻדַּ֗ת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns
See how you translated the abstract noun oversight in 3:32.
is} the oil of the light source
Quote: שֶׁ֤מֶן הַמָּאוֹר֙ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
Here Yahweh is using the possessive form to describe the oil that is burned to produce light in the tent of meeting. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “the oil that is used for light”
and the incense of the spices
Quote: וּקְטֹ֣רֶת הַסַּמִּ֔ים (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
Here Yahweh is using the possessive form to describe the incense that is made of various spices that are described in Exodus 30:34–38. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “the incense that is made of spices”
and the grain offering of the continuity
Quote: וּמִנְחַ֥ת הַתָּמִ֖יד (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
Here Yahweh is using the possessive form to describe the grain offering that the Levites were to offer to Yahweh continually. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. See how you translated the same use of continuity in 4:7.
and the oil of the anointment
Quote: וְשֶׁ֣מֶן הַמִּשְׁחָ֑ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
Here Yahweh is using the possessive form to describe the oil that was poured on the priests, all the parts of the tent of meeting, and the items used in it (Exodus 30:22–38). If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could use a different expression. Alternate translation: “the oil that is used for anointing”
the oversight of
Quote: פְּקֻדַּ֗ת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo
Since the oversight is repeated from earlier in the verse, the expression here is extra information that would be unnatural to express in some languages. If this is true of your language, you could remove the expression here, as in the UST.
and with its implements
Quote: וּבְכֵלָֽיו (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks
The direct speech that began in 4:2 ends at the end of this verse. Consider natural ways of ending direct quotations in your language.
Numbers 4:17
saying
Quote: לֵאמֹֽר (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks
Here the word saying introduces direct speech that continues until 4:20. Consider natural ways of introducing direct quotations in your language.
Numbers 4:18
Do not let the tribe of the clans of the Kohathite be cut off
Quote: אַל־תַּכְרִ֕יתוּ אֶת־שֵׁ֖בֶט מִשְׁפְּחֹ֣ת הַקְּהָתִ֑י (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
Here, cut off refers to being killed. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “Do not let the tribe of the clans of the Kohathite be killed”
Do not let the tribe of the clans of the Kohathite be cut off from the midst of the Levites
Quote: אַל־ תַּכְרִ֕יתוּ אֶת־ שֵׁ֖בֶט מִשְׁפְּחֹ֣ת הַקְּהָתִ֑י מִתּ֖וֹךְ הַלְוִיִּֽם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Do not let the tribe of the clans of the Kohathite die”
the Kohathite
Quote: הַקְּהָתִ֑י (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
See how you translated this phrase in 3:27.
Numbers 4:19
and they will live and not die
Quote: וְחָיוּ֙ וְלֹ֣א יָמֻ֔תוּ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet
The word live and the phrase not die mean the same thing. Yahweh is using these together for emphasis. If it would be clearer for your readers, you could express the emphasis with a single phrase. Alternate translation: “and they will certainly live”
and they will live
Quote: וְחָיוּ֙ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-logic-goal
Here, and indicates that what follows is the goal or purpose for the command in this verse. Use a connector in your language that makes it clear that this is the purpose. Alternate translation (with no comma preceding): “so that they will live”
and his sons
Quote: וּבָנָיו֙ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Here, sons refers to male descendants. See how you translated the same use of sons in 3:9.
shall enter
Quote: יָבֹ֔אוּ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
Here Yahweh implies that Aaron and his sons enter into the holy place. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly, as in the UST.
and place
Quote: וְשָׂמ֣וּ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Here Yahweh refers to assigning work to the Kohathites as if one were placing them in locations. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “and assign”
them man by man
Quote: אוֹתָ֗ם אִ֥ישׁ אִ֛ישׁ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
Here, man by man is a Hebrew idiom that means “each man.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternative translation: “each man”
his service
Quote: עֲבֹדָת֖וֹ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns
If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of service, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “what he does to serve”
his load
Quote: מַשָּׂאֽוֹ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
See how you translated the same use of load in 4:15.
Numbers 4:20
But they shall not enter
Quote: וְלֹא־יָבֹ֧אוּ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns
Here, they refers to the descendants of Kohath. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “But the sons of Kohath shall not enter”
But they shall not enter
Quote: וְלֹא־יָבֹ֧אוּ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
Here, enter implies entering into the holy place. See how you translated the same use of enter in the previous verse.
the holy thing
Quote: אֶת־הַקֹּ֖דֶשׁ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun
The phrase the holy thing represents the holy items used in the holy place and the parts of the holy place in general, not one particular holy thing. See how you translated the same use of the holy thing in 4:15.
like a gulp
Quote: כְּבַלַּ֥ע (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
This phrase is an idiom that means “for a moment,” which is the time it would take to gulp. If this phrase does not have that meaning in your language, you could use an idiom from your language that does have this meaning or state the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “for a bit” or “for a moment”
and die
Quote: וָמֵֽתוּ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks
The direct speech that began in 4:18 ends at the end of this verse. Consider natural ways of ending direct quotations in your language.
Numbers 4:21
saying
Quote: לֵּאמֹֽר (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks
Here the word saying introduces direct speech that continues until 4:33. Consider natural ways of introducing direct quotations in your language.
Numbers 4:22
Lift up the head of
Quote: נָשֹׂ֗א אֶת־רֹ֛אשׁ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
See how you translated this phrase in 4:2.
the sons of Gershon
Quote: בְּנֵ֥י גֵרְשׁ֖וֹן (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Here, sons refers to male descendants. See how you translated the same use of sons in 3:9.
Gershon
Quote: גֵרְשׁ֖וֹן (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
See how you translated this man’s name in 3:17.
according to the house of their fathers, according to their clans
Quote: לְבֵ֥ית אֲבֹתָ֖ם לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָֽם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
See how you translated these phrases in 1:2.
Numbers 4:23
from a son of 30 years and upward up to a son of 50 years
Quote: מִבֶּן֩ שְׁלֹשִׁ֨ים שָׁנָ֜ה וָמַ֗עְלָה עַ֛ד בֶּן־חֲמִשִּׁ֥ים שָׁנָ֖ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
See the discussion of these phrases in the General Notes for this chapter.
to work work, to serve service
Quote: לִצְבֹ֣א צָבָ֔א לַעֲבֹ֥ד עֲבֹדָ֖ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry
The phrases work work and serve service are constructions in which a verb and its object are related words. You may be able to use the same constructions in your language to express the meaning here. Alternatively, your language may have another way of showing the emphasis.
Numbers 4:24
This {is} the service of
Quote: זֹ֣את עֲבֹדַ֔ת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns
See how you translated the similar phrase in 4:4.
the clans of the Gershonite
Quote: מִשְׁפְּחֹ֖ת הַגֵּרְשֻׁנִּ֑י (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns
See how you translated this phrase in 3:21.
and for a load
Quote: וּלְמַשָּֽׂא (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
See how you translated load in 4:15.
Numbers 4:25
the Dwelling and the tent of meeting, its covering
Quote: הַמִּשְׁכָּן֙ וְאֶת־אֹ֣הֶל מוֹעֵ֔ד מִכְסֵ֕הוּ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
Here, and indicates that what follows are different items included with the Dwelling. See how you translated the similar phrases in 3:25.
the covering of porpoise which is on it above
Quote: וּמִכְסֵ֛ה הַתַּ֥חַשׁ אֲשֶׁר־עָלָ֖יו מִלְמָ֑עְלָה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
This phrase refers to a leather outer covering that was placed on top of all the other coverings, as described in Exodus 26:14 and 36:19. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “the outer covering of porpoise which is on top of all the coverings”
the covering of porpoise
Quote: וּמִכְסֵ֛ה הַתַּ֥חַשׁ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown
See how you translated the same phrase in 4:6.
the covering of the opening of the tent of meeting
Quote: מָסַ֔ךְ פֶּ֖תַח אֹ֥הֶל מוֹעֵֽד (1)See how you translated the nearly identical phrase in 3:25.
Numbers 4:26
and the hangings of the courtyard
Quote: וְאֵת֩ קַלְעֵ֨י הֶֽחָצֵ֜ר (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
See how you translated this phrase in 3:26.
and the covering of the opening of the gate of the courtyard that is beside the Dwelling and beside the altar all around
Quote: וְאֶת־מָסַ֣ךְ ׀ פֶּ֣תַח ׀ שַׁ֣עַר הֶחָצֵ֗ר אֲשֶׁ֨ר עַל־הַמִּשְׁכָּ֤ן וְעַל־הַמִּזְבֵּ֨חַ֙ סָבִ֔יב (1)See how you translated the similar phrases in 3:26.
all the implements of their service
Quote: כָּל־כְּלֵ֖י עֲבֹדָתָ֑ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
Here Yahweh is using the possessive form to describe implements that are used for their work. If your language would not use the possessive form for this, you could could a different expression. Alternate translation: “all the implements for working in them”
all that is to be done for them
Quote: כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֧ר יֵעָשֶׂ֛ה לָהֶ֖ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “all that they will do for them”
for them; and they shall serve
Quote: לָהֶ֖ם וְעָבָֽדוּ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns
Here, them refers to the various items mentioned previously in the verse, but they refers to the descendants of Gershon. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this expicitly. Alternate translation: “for those implements; and the Gershonites shall work”
Numbers 4:27
In accordance with the mouth of
Quote: עַל־פִּי֩ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
See how you translated this phrase in 3:16.
and his sons … the sons of
Quote: וּבָנָ֜יו & בְּנֵ֣י (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
In this verse, sons refers to male descendants. See how you translated the same use of sons in 3:9.
the Gershonite
Quote: הַגֵּרְשֻׁנִּ֔י (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns
See how you translated this phrase in 3:21.
their load … their load
Quote: מַשָּׂאָ֔ם & מַשָּׂאָֽם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
See how you translated the same use of load in 4:15.
And you shall appoint
Quote: וּפְקַדְתֶּ֤ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you
Here, you is plural and refers to Aaron and his sons, so use the plural form in your translation if your language marks that distinction.
by responsibility
Quote: בְּמִשְׁמֶ֔רֶת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns
If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea of responsibility, you could express the same idea in another way. Alternate translation: “by what they are responsible for”
Numbers 4:28
the clans of the sons of
Quote: מִשְׁפְּחֹ֛ת בְּנֵ֥י (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
See how you translated this phrase in 3:29.
the Gershonite
Quote: הַגֵּרְשֻׁנִּ֖י (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun
See how you translated this phrase in 3:21.
and their responsibility
Quote: וּמִ֨שְׁמַרְתָּ֔ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns
See how you translated the abstract noun responsibility in the previous verse.
in the hand of
Quote: בְּיַד֙ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
In this context, to be in the hand of someone means to be under the power or control of that person. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “under the control of”
Ithamar
Quote: אִֽיתָמָ֔ר (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
See how you translated this man’s name in 3:2.
Numbers 4:29
You shall count
Quote: תִּפְקֹ֥ד (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-yousingular
You here is singular and refers to Moses. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “You, Moses,”
the sons of Merari
Quote: בְּנֵ֖י מְרָרִ֑י (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
See how you translated the same use of this phrase in 3:36.
according to their clans, according to the house of their fathers
Quote: לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֥ם לְבֵית־אֲבֹתָ֖ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
See how you translated these phrases in 1:2.
Numbers 4:30
You shall count them from a son of 30 years and upward and up to a son of 50 years
Quote: מִבֶּן֩ שְׁלֹשִׁ֨ים שָׁנָ֜ה וָמַ֗עְלָה וְעַ֛ד בֶּן־חֲמִשִּׁ֥ים שָׁנָ֖ה תִּפְקְדֵ֑ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
See how you translated this clause in 4:23.
to the company
Quote: לַצָּבָ֔א (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
See how you translated the same use of company in 4:3.
to serve the service of
Quote: לַעֲבֹ֕ד אֶת־עֲבֹדַ֖ת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry
See how you translated this phrase in 3:7.
Numbers 4:31
is} the responsibility of
Quote: מִשְׁמֶ֣רֶת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns
See how you translated the abstract noun responsibility in 4:27.
their load
Quote: מַשָּׂאָ֔ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
See how you translated the same use of load in 4:15.
the frames of the Dwelling and its crossbars and its pillars and its bases
Quote: קַרְשֵׁי֙ הַמִּשְׁכָּ֔ן וּבְרִיחָ֖יו וְעַמּוּדָ֥יו וַאֲדָנָֽיו (1)See how you translated all of these things in 3:36.
Numbers 4:32
and the pillars of the courtyard all around and their bases and their pegs and their ropes
Quote: וְעַמּוּדֵי֩ הֶחָצֵ֨ר סָבִ֜יב וְאַדְנֵיהֶ֗ם וִֽיתֵדֹתָם֙ וּמֵ֣יתְרֵיהֶ֔ם (1)See how you translated all of these things in 3:37.
for all their implements and for all their service
Quote: לְכָל־כְּלֵיהֶ֔ם וּלְכֹ֖ל עֲבֹדָתָ֑ם (1)See how you translated the similar phrases in 3:36.
and by names
Quote: וּבְשֵׁמֹ֣ת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
Here, names refers to the names of the descendants of Merari who will carry these items. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “and by each man’s name”
you shall appoint
Quote: תִּפְקְד֔וּ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you
Here, you is plural and refers to Aaron and his sons, as in 4:27, so use the plural form in your translation if your language marks that distinction.
the responsibility of their load
Quote: מִשְׁמֶ֥רֶת מַשָּׂאָֽם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns
See how you translated this phrase in the previous verse.
Numbers 4:33
This {is} the service of the clans of the sons of
Quote: זֹ֣את עֲבֹדַ֗ת מִשְׁפְּחֹת֙ בְּנֵ֣י (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
See how you translated the same clause in 4:28.
in the hand of Ithamar the son of Aaron the priest
Quote: בְּיַד֙ אִֽיתָמָ֔ר בֶּֽן־אַהֲרֹ֖ן הַכֹּהֵֽן (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
See how you translated the same clause in 4:28.
Ithamar
Quote: אִֽיתָמָ֔ר (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
See how you translated this man’s name in 1:2.
the priest
Quote: הַכֹּהֵֽן (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotemarks
The direct speech that began in 4:22 ends at the end of this verse. Consider natural ways of ending direct quotations in your language.
Numbers 4:34
the sons of
Quote: בְּנֵ֣י (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Here, sons refers to male descendants. See how you translated the same use of sons in 3:9.
the Kohathite
Quote: הַקְּהָתִ֑י (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns
See how you translated this phrase in 3:27.
according to their clans and according to the house of their fathers
Quote: לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖ם וּלְבֵ֥ית אֲבֹתָֽם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
See how you translated these clauses in 1:2.
Numbers 4:35
from a son of 30 years and upward and up to a son of 50 years
Quote: מִבֶּ֨ן שְׁלֹשִׁ֤ים שָׁנָה֙ וָמַ֔עְלָה וְעַ֖ד בֶּן־חֲמִשִּׁ֣ים שָׁנָ֑ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
See the discussion of these phrases in the General Notes for this chapter.
every one who comes to the company
Quote: כָּל־הַבָּא֙ לַצָּבָ֔א (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
See how you translated this phrase in 4:30.
Numbers 4:36
their counted ones
Quote: פְקֻדֵיהֶ֖ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
See how you translated this phrase in 1:21.
2, 750
Quote: אַלְפַּ֕יִם שְׁבַ֥ע מֵא֖וֹת וַחֲמִשִּֽׁים (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “two thousand seven hundred and fifty”
Numbers 4:37
were} the counted ones of
Quote: פְקוּדֵי֙ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
See how you translated counted ones in the previous verse.
the clans of the Kohathite
Quote: מִשְׁפְּחֹ֣ת הַקְּהָתִ֔י (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/grammar-collectivenouns
See how you translated this phrase in 3:27.
whom Moses and Aaron had counted
Quote: אֲשֶׁ֨ר פָּקַ֤ד מֹשֶׁה֙ וְאַהֲרֹ֔ן (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo
Since the same idea of the counted ones is repeated in this phrase, the expression here is extra information that would be unnatural to express in some languages. If this is true of your language, you could remove the expression here, as in the UST.
in accordance with the mouth of Yahweh
Quote: עַל־פִּ֥י יְהוָ֖ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
See how you translated this phrase in 3:16.
by the hand of
Quote: בְּיַד (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
Here, by the hand indicates that Moses was the means by which Yahweh gave these commands to the people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. Alternate translation: “by means of” or “that was communicated to the Israelites by Moses”
Numbers 4:38
And the counted ones of
Quote: וּפְקוּדֵ֖י (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
See how you translated counted ones in the previous two verses.
the sons of
Quote: בְּנֵ֣י (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Here, sons refers to male descendants. See how you translated the same use of sons in 3:9.
according to their clans and according to the house of their fathers
Quote: לְמִשְׁפְּחוֹתָ֖ם וּלְבֵ֥ית אֲבֹתָֽם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
See how you translated these phrases in 1:2.
Numbers 4:39
from a son of 30 years and upward and up to a son of 50 years, every one who comes to the company for service in the tent of meeting
Quote: מִבֶּ֨ן שְׁלֹשִׁ֤ים שָׁנָה֙ וָמַ֔עְלָה וְעַ֖ד בֶּן־חֲמִשִּׁ֣ים שָׁנָ֑ה כָּל־הַבָּא֙ לַצָּבָ֔א לַעֲבֹדָ֖ה בְּאֹ֥הֶל מוֹעֵֽד (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
See how you translated the identical clauses in 4:35.
Numbers 4:40
their counted ones
Quote: פְּקֻ֣דֵיהֶ֔ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
See how you translated this phrase in 1:21.
according to their clans, according to the house of their fathers
Quote: לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖ם לְבֵ֣ית אֲבֹתָ֑ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
See how you translated these phrases in 1:2.
2, 630
Quote: אַלְפַּ֕יִם וְשֵׁ֥שׁ מֵא֖וֹת וּשְׁלֹשִֽׁים (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “two thousand six hundred and thirty”
Numbers 4:41
These {were} the counted ones of the clans of the sons of … every one who serves in the tent of meeting, whom Moses and Aaron had counted in accordance with the mouth of Yahweh
Quote: אֵ֣לֶּה פְקוּדֵ֗י מִשְׁפְּחֹת֙ בְּנֵ֣י & כָּל־הָעֹבֵ֖ד בְּאֹ֣הֶל מוֹעֵ֑ד אֲשֶׁ֨ר פָּקַ֥ד מֹשֶׁ֛ה וְאַהֲרֹ֖ן עַל־פִּ֥י יְהוָֽה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
See how you translated the same clauses in 4:37.
Numbers 4:42
And the counted ones of the clans of the sons of
Quote: וּפְקוּדֵ֕י מִשְׁפְּחֹ֖ת בְּנֵ֣י (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
See how you translated this phrase in the previous verse.
according to their clans, according to the house of their fathers
Quote: לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖ם לְבֵ֥ית אֲבֹתָֽם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
See how you translated these phrases in 1:2.
Numbers 4:43
from a son of 30 years and upward and up to a son of 50 years, every one who comes to the company for service in the tent of meeting
Quote: מִבֶּ֨ן שְׁלֹשִׁ֤ים שָׁנָה֙ וָמַ֔עְלָה וְעַ֖ד בֶּן־חֲמִשִּׁ֣ים שָׁנָ֑ה כָּל־הַבָּא֙ לַצָּבָ֔א לַעֲבֹדָ֖ה בְּאֹ֥הֶל מוֹעֵֽד (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
See how you translated the same clauses in 4:35.
Numbers 4:44
and their counted ones according to their clans were
Quote: וַיִּהְי֥וּ פְקֻדֵיהֶ֖ם לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֑ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
See how you translated this clause in 4:36.
3, 200
Quote: שְׁלֹ֥שֶׁת אֲלָפִ֖ים וּמָאתָֽיִם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “three thousand two hundred”
Numbers 4:45
These {were} the counted ones of the clans of the sons of … whom Moses and Aaron had counted
Quote: אֵ֣לֶּה פְקוּדֵ֔י מִשְׁפְּחֹ֖ת בְּנֵ֣י & אֲשֶׁ֨ר פָּקַ֤ד מֹשֶׁה֙ וְאַהֲרֹ֔ן (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
See how you translated these clauses in 4:41.
in accordance with the mouth of Yahweh by the hand of Moses
Quote: עַל־פִּ֥י יְהוָ֖ה בְּיַד־מֹשֶֽׁה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
See how you translated this clause in 4:37.
Numbers 4:46
All the counted ones whom Moses and Aaron and the leaders of Israel had counted
Quote: כָּֽל־הַפְּקֻדִ֡ים אֲשֶׁר֩ פָּקַ֨ד מֹשֶׁ֧ה וְאַהֲרֹ֛ן וּנְשִׂיאֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicitinfo
Since the same idea of the counted ones is repeated later in this verse, the expression here is extra information that would be unnatural to express in some languages. If this is true of your language, you could remove the expression here. Alternate translation: “All the ones whom Moses and Aaron and the leaders of Israel had counted”
according to their clans and according to the house of their fathers
Quote: לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖ם וּלְבֵ֥ית אֲבֹתָֽם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
See how you translated these phrases in 1:2.
Numbers 4:47
from a son of 30 years and upward and up to a son of 50 years
Quote: מִבֶּ֨ן שְׁלֹשִׁ֤ים שָׁנָה֙ וָמַ֔עְלָה וְעַ֖ד בֶּן־חֲמִשִּׁ֣ים שָׁנָ֑ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
See how you translated this clause in 4:35.
to serve the service of service and the service of
Quote: לַעֲבֹ֨ד עֲבֹדַ֧ת עֲבֹדָ֛ה וַעֲבֹדַ֥ת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-poetry
See how you translated serve the service in 3:7.
load
Quote: מַשָּׂ֖א (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
See how you translated the same use of load in 4:15.
Numbers 4:48
their counted ones
Quote: פְּקֻדֵיהֶ֑ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
See how you translated this phrase in 1:21.
8, 580
Quote: שְׁמֹנַ֣ת אֲלָפִ֔ים וַחֲמֵ֥שׁ מֵא֖וֹת וּשְׁמֹנִֽים (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “eight thousand five hundred and eighty”
Numbers 4:49
In accordance with the mouth of Yahweh
Quote: עַל־פִּ֨י יְהוָ֜ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Se how you translated this phrase in 3:16 and 4:37.
they were counted
Quote: פָּקַ֤ד אוֹתָם֙ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use this passive form, you could express the idea in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Moses, Aaron, and the leaders counted them”
by the hand of Moses
Quote: בְּיַד־מֹשֶׁ֔ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
See how you translated this phrase in 4:37.
man by man
Quote: אִ֥ישׁ אִ֛ישׁ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
In this verse, the phrase man by man is a Hebrew idiom that means “each man.” If it would be helpful in your language, you could express the meaning plainly. See how you translated the similar use of man in 1:4. Alternative translation: “each man”
in accordance with his service and in accordance with his load
Quote: עַל־עֲבֹדָת֖וֹ וְעַל־מַשָּׂא֑וֹ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
Moses implies that this service and load are related to the tent of meeting. If it would be helpful in your language, you could state this explicitly. Alternate translation: “in accordance with his service in the tent of meeting and in accordance with his load associated with it”
his load
Quote: מַשָּׂא֑וֹ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
See how you translated the same use of load in 4:15.
So {these were} his counted ones
Quote: וּפְקֻדָ֕יו (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
See how you translated the same use of counted ones in the previous verse.
that Yahweh had commanded Moses
Quote: אֲשֶׁר־צִוָּ֥ה יְהוָ֖ה אֶת־מֹשֶֽׁה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis
Moses is leaving out some of the words that in many languages a sentence would need in order to be complete. You could supply these words from earlier in the sentence if it would be clearer in your language. Alternate translation: “that Yahweh had commanded Moses to count”
Numbers 5
Numbers 5 General Notes
Special concepts in this chapter
Israel’s camp
Israel’s entire camp was to be a “clean” place. This meant that people who could not be made acceptable to God were not allowed inside the camp. (See: clean, wash)
Vengeance
There are several laws in this chapter regarding restitution. These laws were meant to limit the ways in which people who had been wronged could seek to be compensated. These laws were intended to make it difficult for such people to avenge a wrong when they were angry. (See: avenge, avenger, revenge, vengeance and jealous, jealousy)
Numbers 5:2
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: infectious skin disease (0)This refers to leprosy, which is a sickness that affects the skin and easily spreads to other people.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: oozing sore (0)This refers to an open cut that is leaking fluids.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: whoever is unclean through touching a dead body (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
If a person touched a dead body they were considered unclean. A person who is not acceptable for God’s purposes is spoken of as if the person were physically unclean.
Numbers 5:3
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: you must send (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you
Here “you” is plural and refers to the people of Israel.
Numbers 5:4
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: The people of Israel did so (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
This means that they sent the unclean people away. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “The people of Israel sent those who were unclean out of the camp”
Numbers 5:6
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: any sin such as people do to one another (0)Alternate translation: “any sin that people usually commit against one another”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: is unfaithful to me (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
If someone sins against another person, it means that they have also sinned against Yahweh and Yahweh considers that person as unfaithful to him. Alternate translation: “they have also wronged me”
Numbers 5:7
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the price of his guilt (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Here the person’s “sin” is referred to as his “guilt.” Alternate translation: “what is considered a suitable amount of money for the wrong that he has done”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: add to the price one-fifth more (0)This means the person must pay an extra one-fifth of the price that he owes.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: one-fifth (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction
This is one part out of five equal parts.
Numbers 5:8
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: But if the wronged person has no close relative to receive the payment (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
Usually the wronged person would receive the payment but if that person has died the payment goes to the closest relative. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “But if the wronged person has died and has no close relative to receive the payment”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: if the wronged person (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “if the person whom the guilty person has wronged”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: he must pay the price for his guilt to me through a priest (0)If a person made a payment to a priest to pay for his guilt it was the same as if the person had made the payment to Yahweh.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: to atone for himself (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
The atonement is made for the man’s sin. Here Yahweh refers to the man’s sin as the man who committed it. Alternate translation: “to atone for his sin”
Numbers 5:9
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the things that are set aside and brought to the priest by the people of Israel (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the things that the people of Israel set aside and bring to the priest”
Numbers 5:10
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: The offerings of every person will be for the priest; if anyone gives anything to the priest, it will belong to him (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism
These two phrases mean basically the same thing and may be combined to state that the offerings that someone gives belong to the priest to whom they have been given.
Numbers 5:11
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypoThe words “Suppose that a man’s wife turns away” begin a long description of a hypothetical situation, something that has not happened but might happen. Yahweh tells Moses what to do if it does happen.
Numbers 5:12
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: a man’s wife turns away (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
This means that she goes away from him and is unfaithful to him. Alternate translation: “a man’s wife is unfaithful”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: sins against her husband (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
This means that she is unfaithful to her husband and sins against him by sleeping with another man. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “sins against her husband by sleeping with another man”
Numbers 5:13
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: If a man lies with her (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism
This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “If a man has sexual relations with her”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: her (0)the woman who turns away and sins against her husband (Numbers 5:12)
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: in the act (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
This refers to the act of adultery. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “in the act of adultery” or “sleeping with him”
Numbers 5:14
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: his wife is defiled … his wife is not defiled (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
These phrases can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “his wife has defiled herself … his wife has not defiled herself”
and a spirit of jealousy passes over on him … a spirit of jealousy comes over on him
Quote: וְעָבַ֨ר עָלָ֧יו רֽוּחַ־ קִנְאָ֛ה & עָבַ֨ר עָלָ֤יו רֽוּחַ־ קִנְאָה֙ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Here the word spirit refers to a person’s attitude and emotions. Alternate translation: “the husband might feel jealous and become suspicious”
and a spirit of jealousy passes over on him … a spirit of jealousy comes over on him
Quote: וְעָבַ֨ר עָלָ֧יו רֽוּחַ־ קִנְאָ֛ה & עָבַ֨ר עָלָ֤יו רֽוּחַ־ קִנְאָה֙ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification
The man's jealously is spoken of as if it were a person who spoke to him.
and a spirit of jealousy passes over on him … a spirit of jealousy comes over on him
Quote: וְעָבַ֨ר עָלָ֧יו רֽוּחַ־ קִנְאָ֛ה & עָבַ֨ר עָלָ֤יו רֽוּחַ־ קִנְאָה֙ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
The idea of the spirit “coming on him” means that he began to have these jealous feelings. Alternate translation: “and a man might feel jealous … a man might feel jealous”
Numbers 5:15
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Connecting Statement: (0)Connecting Statement:
Moses begins to describe what the people are to do if the hypothetical situation he began describing in Numbers 5:12 ever happens.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: a tenth (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction
This is one part out of ten equal parts.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: a tenth of an ephah (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume
This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “a tenth of an ephah (which is about 2 liters)” or “2 liters”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: a grain offering of jealousy (0)Alternate translation: “a grain offering for jealousy”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: a reminder of the iniquity (0)A “reminder” is something that shows evidence that something had occurred that required justice. In this case, he made the offering to determine whether his wife had committed adultery or not.
Numbers 5:16
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: near and place her before Yahweh (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
The priest would bring her near the altar. Alternate translation: “near the altar and place her in the presence of Yahweh”
Numbers 5:18
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: before Yahweh (0)Alternate translation: “in the presence of Yahweh”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: grain offering of suspicion (0)See how you translated this phrase in Numbers 5:15.
Numbers 5:19
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: no other man has lain with you (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism
This is a euphemism. Alternate translation: “no other man has had sexual relations with you”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: if you have not gone astray (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
The words “gone astray” is an idiom that means “to be unfaithful.” Alternate translation: “if you have not been unfaithful to your husband”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: and committed impurity (0)This phrase refers to committing adultery. Alternate translation: “by committing impurity”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: you will be free from this bitter water (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
The phrase to “be free” from something means to not be harmed by it. Alternate translation: “this bitter water will not harm you, though it is able to”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: this bitter water that can bring a curse (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification
Here the bitter water is described as being able to bring a curse. This means that when the woman drinks the water it cause her to be unable to bear children, if she is guilty. Alternate translation: “this bitter water can be a curse to you”
Numbers 5:20
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: have gone astray (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
The words “gone astray” is an idiom that means “to be unfaithful.” Alternate translation: “have been unfaithful to your husband”
Numbers 5:21
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: that can bring down a curse on her (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
The phrase “bring down a curse” is an idiom meaning for a curse to come upon her. Alternate translation: “that can cause a curse to come upon her”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Yahweh will make you into a curse … your people to be such (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Here the author speaks about the woman bearing the curse that Yahweh gives her, which causes other people to curse her. This is spoken of as if the woman herself becomes a curse. Alternate translation: “Because Yahweh curses you, other people will curse you as well, and Yahweh will show people that you are truly cursed”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: that will be shown to your people to be such (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that he will show to your people as a curse”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: your thigh to waste away and your abdomen to swell (0)This could mean: (1) that the woman will become unable to have children or (2) that the woman’s pregnancy will end too early and the baby will die.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: your thigh to waste away (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism
Here the word “thigh” is a polite way of referring to the woman’s womb or her private parts. Alternate translation: “your womb to be useless”
Numbers 5:23
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: he must wash away the written curses (0)This means that he is to wash the ink off of the scroll.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the written curses (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the curses he has written”
Numbers 5:24
General Information:
Verse 24 explains in a general way what the priest must do and what is expected to happen when the woman drinks the water. Verse 25 and 26 explains in detail how the priest is to do this work. The priest gives the water to the woman and she drinks it only once.
Numbers 5:25
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: grain offering of jealousy (0)See how you translated this in Numbers 5:15. Alternate translation: “a grain offering for jealousy”
Numbers 5:26
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: a representative offering (0)The handful of the grain offering represents the whole grain offering. This means the whole offering belongs to Yahweh.
Numbers 5:27
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: if she is defiled because she has committed (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
This can be written in active form. Alternate translation: “if she has defined herself by committing”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: committed a sin (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
Here the “sin” refers specifically to committing adultery. The meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “committed adultery”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Her abdomen will swell and her thigh will waste away (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism
This could mean: (1) that the woman will become unable to have children or (2) that the woman’s pregnancy will end too early and the baby will die. Here the word “thigh” is a polite way of referring to the woman’s womb or her private parts. See how you translated these concepts in Numbers 5:21.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: The woman will be cursed among her people (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Her people will curse her”
Numbers 5:28
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: is not defiled (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “has not defiled herself”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: if she is clean (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Here “being innocent” is spoken of as “being clean.”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: then she must be free (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
This could mean: (1) “then she will not be cursed” or (2) “then she is free from guilt.”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: conceive children (0)Alternate translation: “become pregnant”
Numbers 5:29
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the law of jealousy (0)Alternate translation: “the law for dealing with jealousy”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: who strays away from her husband (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
The words “strays away” is an idiom that means “to be unfaithful.” Alternate translation: “who is unfaithful to her husband”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: is defiled (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “defiles herself”
Numbers 5:30
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: a spirit of jealousy (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
This phrase refers to the man’s attitude and emotions of jealousy. See how you translated this in Numbers 5:14. Alternate translation: “who is jealous”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: when he is jealous of his wife (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
This is an idiom that means that he suspects that his wife has been unfaithful to him by sleeping with another man. Alternate translation: “and suspects that his wife has been unfaithful to him” or “and suspects that his wife has slept with another man”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: before Yahweh (0)Alternate translation: “in the presence of Yahweh”
Numbers 5:31
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: will be free from guilt for bringing his wife to the priest (0)Alternate translation: “will not be guilty of doing something wrong by bringing his wife to the priest”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: must bear (0)Alternate translation: “must endure”
Numbers 6
Numbers 6 General Notes
Special concepts in this chapter
Nazirite vow
The Nazirite vow was a special type of vow between a person and Yahweh. This chapter gives the rules for people to be consecrated to God as Nazirites. (See: INVALID bible/kt/vow and consecrate, consecrated, consecration)
Numbers 6:2
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: separates himself (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
Alternate translation: “To separate yourself to someone” means to “dedicate yourself” to that person. Alternate translation: “dedicates himself”
Numbers 6:3
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: he must keep himself from (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
This idiom means that he must not eat or drink them. Alternate translation: “he must not consume”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: vinegar made from wine (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “vinegar that people make from wine”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: vinegar (0)a drink produced when wine and other strong drinks ferment too long and become sour
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: or from strong drink (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis
You can make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: “or vinegar that people make from strong drink”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: raisins (0)dried grapes
Numbers 6:4
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: he is separate (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
Alternate translation: “To separate yourself to someone” means to “dedicate yourself” to that person. Alternate translation: “he dedicates himself”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: he is separate to me (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “he separates himself to me”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: nothing that is made from grapes (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “nothing that people make from grapes”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: from the seeds to their skins (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism
These two extremes are given to emphasize the entire grape may not be eaten. Alternate translation: “from any part of a grape”
Numbers 6:5
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: vow of separation (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
This is an idiom. Here “separation” means “dedication” Alternate translation: “vow of dedication”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: no razor is to be used on his head (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “no one is to use a razor on his head”
the days of the vow of his separation
Quote: יְמֵי֙ נֶ֣דֶר נִזְר֔וֹ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
Here, separation is an idiom that means “dedication.” Alternate translation: “the days of the vow of his dedication”
the days of the vow of his separation
Quote: יְמֵי֙ נֶ֣דֶר נִזְר֔וֹ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns
If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word ** separation**, you can express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “the days that he has promised to dedicated himself to Yahweh” or “the days that he has promised to serve Yahweh”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: to Yahweh are fulfilled (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “to Yahweh are complete”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: He must be set apart to Yahweh (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “He must set himself apart to Yahweh”
Numbers 6:6
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: separates (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
This is an idiom for dedication. Alternate translation: “dedicates”
Numbers 6:7
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: separated (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
This is an idiom for dedication. Alternate translation: “dedicated”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: unclean (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
A person who is not acceptable for God’s purposes is spoken of as if the person were physically unclean.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: he is separated (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “he has separated himself”
Numbers 6:8
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: separation (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
This is an idiom for dedication. Alternate translation: “dedication”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: of his separation (0)If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word separation, you can express the same idea with a verb. Alternate translation: “that he has separated himself”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: reserved for Yahweh (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “he has reserved himself for Yahweh” or “set apart for Yahweh”
Numbers 6:9
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: defiles his consecrated head (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Here “head” represents the Nazirite man’s hair, which symbolizes his vow. Alternate translation: “defiles his long hair which shows everyone he is separated to God” or “he becomes defiled”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the seventh day (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal
Alternate translation: “day 7”
Numbers 6:10
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the eighth day (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal
Alternate translation: “day 8”
Numbers 6:12
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: for the days of his consecration (0)Alternate translation: “during the time he is being set apart again”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: He must bring a male lamb … as a guilt offering (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
The man is to bring the lamb to the priest so that it can be sacrificed. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “He must bring a male lamb one year old to the priest as a guilt offering”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: The days before he defiled himself must not be counted (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “He must not count the days before he defiled himself”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: his consecration was defiled (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “he defiled himself” or “he made himself unacceptable”
Numbers 6:13
the days of his separation
Quote: יְמֵ֣י נִזְר֔וֹ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
Here, separation is an idiom that means “dedication.” Alternate translation: “the days of his dedication”
the days of his separation
Quote: יְמֵ֣י נִזְר֔וֹ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns
If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word ** separation**, you can express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “the days when he dedicates himself to Yahweh” or “the period when he has served Yahweh”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: He must be brought (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Someone must bring him” or “He must go”
Numbers 6:14
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: He must present his offering to Yahweh (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
He must bring his offering to the priest to be sacrificed to Yahweh. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “He must present his offering to Yahweh by bringing it to the priest to be sacrificed” or “He must present his offering to Yahweh by bringing it to the priest who will sacrifice it”
Numbers 6:15
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: bread made without yeast (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “bread he made without yeast”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: fine flour mixed with oil (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “fine flour that he mixed with oil”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: wafers without yeast rubbed with oil (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “wafers without yeast which he rubbed with oil”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: wafers without yeast (0)small pieces of flat bread
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: together with their grain offering and drink offerings (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
The word “their” refers to the other offerings that the Nazirite man was told to bring. Often grain offerings and drink offerings were required to accompany other types of sacrifices. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “together with the grain offering and drink offering that Yahweh required to accompany the other offerings”
Numbers 6:16
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: He must offer his sin offering (0)Alternate translation: “He” refers to the priest and “his” refers to the man who took a vow.
Numbers 6:17
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the fellowship offering (0)Alternate translation: “as the fellowship offering”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: The priest must present also … drink offering (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis
You can make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: “The priest must present also … the drink offering to Yahweh”
Numbers 6:18
his separation … his separation
Quote: נִזְר֑וֹ & נִזְר֔וֹ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
Here, his separation is an idiom that means “his dedication.” Alternate translation: “indicating his dedication … indicating his dedication”
his separation … his separation
Quote: נִזְר֑וֹ & נִזְר֔וֹ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns
If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind both instances of the word separation, you can express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “indicating how he has separated himself … indicating how he has separated himself”
Numbers 6:19
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the boiled shoulder of the ram (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
This means that he had boiled the ram’s shoulder. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the shoulder of the ram that he boiled”
his separation
Quote: אֶת־ נִזְרֽוֹ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns
Here, the abstract noun separation can be expressed with the verb “dedicated.” Alternate translation: “indicating his dedication” or “indicating that he has dedicated himself to Yahweh”
Numbers 6:20
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: The priest must wave them (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
After handing the items to the Nazirite, the priest takes them back to offer them to Yahweh. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “Then the priest must take them back and wave them”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: together with (0)Alternate translation: “as well as”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: that was waved (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that the priest waved”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: that was presented (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that he presented”
Numbers 6:21
his separation, … his separation
Quote: נִזְר֔וֹ & נִזְרֽוֹ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
Here, separation is an idiom that means “dedication.” Alternate translation: “his dedication … his dedication”
his separation, … his separation
Quote: נִזְר֔וֹ & נִזְרֽוֹ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns
If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word separation, you can express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “having dedicated himself to Yahweh … having dedicated himself to Yahweh”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Whatever else he may give (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
This refers to the Nazirite deciding to give other offering beyond what he has been commanded to give. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “If he decides to give any additional offerings”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: he must keep the obligations of the vow he has taken (0)Alternate translation: “he must still obey the requirements of the vow he has taken”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: he must keep the obligations … to keep the promise indicated by the law for the Nazirite (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism
These two phrases mean basically the same thing and are combined to emphasize that he must obey the obligations of his vow.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the promise indicated by the law for the Nazirite (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the promise that the law for the Nazirite indicates”
Numbers 6:23
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: You must bless the people of Israel (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you
Alternate translation: “You” is plural.
Numbers 6:24
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: May Yahweh bless you and keep you (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you
Here “you” is singular.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: keep you (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
This is an idiom. Here “keep” means to “protect.”
Numbers 6:25
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: make his face shine on you (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
This is an idiom which means to have kind intentions towards someone. It can also be expressed by smiling. Alternate translation: “smile at you” or “look at you with kindness”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: on you … to you (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you
Here “you” is singular.
Numbers 6:26
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: look on you with favor (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
Here the phrase “look on” means to show a certain attitude towards that person. Alternate translation: “show you favor”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: on you … give you (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you
Here “you” is singular.
Numbers 6:27
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: they must give my name (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Here Yahweh speaks about claiming the Israelites as his own by saying that he is giving them “his name.” Alternate translation: “they must let the people of Israel know that they are mine”
Numbers 7
Numbers 7 General Notes
Structure and formatting
Consecrating the altar
When the tabernacle was completed, they consecrated the altar. Each tribe brought an offering to consecrate the altar. (See: tabernacle and consecrate, consecrated, consecration)
Numbers 7:1
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Moses completed the tabernacle (0)Alternate translation: “Moses finished setting up the tabernacle”
Numbers 7:2
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the leaders of Israel … the heads of their ancestor’s families (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism
These two phrases describe the same group of people two different ways. Alternate translation: “the leaders of Israel who are also the heads of their ancestors families”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the heads of their ancestor’s families (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Here the leaders of the families are referred to as “heads.” Alternate translation: “the leaders of their ancestor’s families”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: had overseen the counting of the men (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns
If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word counting, you can express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “had helped Aaron and Moses to count the men”
Numbers 7:3
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: They brought their offerings before Yahweh … They presented these things in front of the tabernacle (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
This means that they gave their offerings to Yahweh and brought them to the tabernacle. These phrases may be combined to add clarity. Alternate translation: “They brought their offerings to Yahweh and presented them to him in front of the tabernacle”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: six covered carts and twelve oxen (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “6 covered carts and 12 oxen”
Numbers 7:5
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: to each one as his work needs them (0)Alternate translation: “to each man as he needs them for his work”
Numbers 7:7
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Gershon (0)See how you translated this man’s name in Numbers 3:17.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: because of what their work needed (0)Alternate translation: “because it was what they needed to do their work”
Numbers 7:8
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Merari (0)See how you translated this man’s name in Numbers 3:17.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: in the care of Ithamar son of Aaron the priest (0)Alternate translation: “under the supervision of Ithamar son of Aaron the priest” or “Ithamar son of Aaron the priest oversaw their work”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Ithamar (0)See how you translated this man’s name in Numbers 1:2.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: He did this because (0)The word “he” refers to Moses.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: because of what their work required (0)Alternate translation: “because it was what they needed to do their work”
Numbers 7:9
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: none of those things (0)This refers to the carts and oxen.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Kohath (0)See how you translated this man’s name in Numbers 3:17.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: theirs would be the work (0)Alternate translation: “their work would be”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the things that belong to Yahweh (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
You can make explicit the implicit meaning of what belongs to Yahweh. Alternate translation: “the things that Yahweh reserved for the tabernacle”
Numbers 7:10
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: offered their goods (0)Alternate translation: “offered gifts”
Numbers 7:11
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Each leader must offer on his own day his sacrifice (0)Alternate translation: “Each day, one leader must offer his sacrifice”
Numbers 7:12
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the first day (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal
Alternate translation: “day 1” or “day number 1”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Nahshon son of Amminadab (0)These are the names of men. See how you translated these names in Numbers 1:7
Numbers 7:13
its weight was 130
Quote: שְׁלֹשִׁ֣ים וּמֵאָה֮ מִשְׁקָלָהּ֒ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight
If necessary, this weight can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “weighing nearly one and a half kilograms” or “weighing one kilogram and 430 grams”
70 shekels
Quote: שִׁבְעִ֥ים שֶׁ֖קֶל (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight
If necessary, this weight can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “one silver bowl weighing nearly eight tenths of a kilogram” or “one silver bowl weighting 770 grams”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: by the standard weight of the sanctuary shekel (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight
There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use in the sanctuary of the sacred tent. If you are converting the weights to modern measures, here is another way to translate this phrase. Alternate translation: “measured by the standard weights used in the sanctuary”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: fine flour mixed with oil (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “fine flour that he had mixed with oil”
Numbers 7:14
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: one gold dish that weighed ten shekels (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight
If necessary, this can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “one gold dish that weighed one tenth of a kilogram” or “one gold dish that weighed 110 grams”
Numbers 7:17
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: that were a year old (0)Alternate translation: “that were each one year old”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: This was the sacrifice of Nahshon son of Amminadab (0)Alternate translation: “This was what Nahshon son of Amminadab presented”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Nahshon son of Amminadab (0)See how you translated this man’s name in Numbers 1:7.
Numbers 7:18
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the second day (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal
Alternate translation: “day 2” or “day number 2”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Nethanel son of Zuar (0)See how you translated this man’s name in Numbers 1:8.
Numbers 7:19
its weight was 130
Quote: שְׁלֹשִׁ֣ים וּמֵאָה֮ מִשְׁקָלָהּ֒ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight
See how you translated its weight was 130 in 7:13.
70 shekels
Quote: שִׁבְעִ֥ים שֶׁ֖קֶל (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight
See how you translated 70 shekels in 7:13.
one silver bowl of 70 shekels
Quote: מִזְרָ֤ק אֶחָד֙ כֶּ֔סֶף שִׁבְעִ֥ים שֶׁ֖קֶל (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight
If necessary, these weights can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in Numbers 7:13. Alternate translation: “one silver bowl weighing nearly eight tenths of a kilogram” or “one silver bowl weighting 770 grams”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: by the standard weight of the sanctuary shekel (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight
There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use in the sanctuary of the sacred tent. See how you translated this phrase in Numbers 7:13. Alternate translation: “measured by the standard weights used in the sanctuary”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: fine flour mixed with oil (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “fine flour that he had mixed with oil”
Numbers 7:20
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: one gold dish weighing ten shekels (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight
If necessary, this can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in Numbers 7:14. Alternate translation: “one gold dish weighing one tenth of a kilogram” or “one gold dish weighting 110 grams”
Numbers 7:23
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: that were a year old (0)Alternate translation: “that were each one year old”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: This was the sacrifice of Nethanel son of Zuar (0)Alternate translation: “This was what Nethanel son of Zuar presented”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Nethanel son of Zuar (0)See how you translated this man’s name in Numbers 1:8.
Numbers 7:24
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the third day (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal
Alternate translation: “day 3” or “day number 3”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Eliab son of Helon (0)See how you translated this man’s name in Numbers 1:9.
Numbers 7:25
its weight was 130
Quote: שְׁלֹשִׁ֣ים וּמֵאָה֮ מִשְׁקָלָהּ֒ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight
See how you translated its weight was 130 in 7:13.
70
Quote: שִׁבְעִ֥ים (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight
See how you translated 70 shekels in 7:13.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: by the standard weight of the sanctuary shekel (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight
There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use in the sanctuary of the sacred tent. See how you translated this phrase in Numbers 7:13. Alternate translation: “measured by the standard weights used in the sanctuary”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: fine flour mixed with oil (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “fine flour that he had mixed with oil”
Numbers 7:26
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: one gold dish weighing ten shekels (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight
If necessary, this can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in Numbers 7:14. Alternate translation: “one gold dish weighing one tenth of a kilogram” or “one gold dish weighting 110 grams”
Numbers 7:29
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: that were a year old (0)Alternate translation: “that were each one year old”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: This was the sacrifice of Eliab son of Helon (0)Alternate translation: “This was what Eliab son of Helon gave as a sacrifice”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Eliab son of Helon (0)See how you translated this man’s name in Numbers 1:9.
Numbers 7:30
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the fourth day (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal
Alternate translation: “day 4” or “day number 4”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Elizur son of Shedeur (0)See how you translated this man’s name in Numbers 1:5.
Numbers 7:31
its weight was 130
Quote: שְׁלֹשִׁ֣ים וּמֵאָה֮ מִשְׁקָלָהּ֒ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight
See how you translated its weight was 130 in 7:13.
70 shekels
Quote: שִׁבְעִ֥ים שֶׁ֖קֶל (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight
See how you translated 70 shekels in 7:13.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: by the standard weight of the sanctuary shekel (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight
There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use in the sanctuary of the sacred tent. See how you translated this phrase in Numbers 7:13. Alternate translation: “measured by the standard weights used in the sanctuary”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: fine flour mixed with oil (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “fine flour that he had mixed with oil”
Numbers 7:32
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: one gold dish weighing ten shekels (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight
If necessary, this can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in Numbers 7:14. Alternate translation: “one gold dish weighing one tenth of a kilogram” or “one gold dish weighting 110 grams”
Numbers 7:35
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: that were a year old (0)Alternate translation: “that were each one year old”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: This was the sacrifice of Elizur son of Shedeur (0)Alternate translation: “This was what Elizur son of Shedeur gave as a sacrifice”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Elizur son of Shedeur (0)See how you translated this man’s name in Numbers 1:5.
Numbers 7:36
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the fifth day (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal
Alternate translation: “day 5” or “day number 5”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Shelumiel son of Zurishaddai (0)See how you translated this man’s name in Numbers 1:6.
Numbers 7:37
its weight was 130
Quote: וּמֵאָה֮ מִשְׁקָלָהּ֒ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight
See how you translated its weight was 130 in 7:13.
70 shekels
Quote: שִׁבְעִ֥ים שֶׁ֖קֶל (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight
See how you translated 70 shekels in 7:13.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: by the standard weight of the sanctuary shekel (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight
There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use in the sanctuary of the sacred tent. See how you translated this phrase in Numbers 7:13. Alternate translation: “measured by the standard weights used in the sanctuary”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: fine flour mixed with oil (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “fine flour that he had mixed with oil”
Numbers 7:38
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: one gold dish weighing ten shekels (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight
If necessary, this can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in Numbers 7:14. Alternate translation: “one gold dish weighing one tenth of a kilogram” or “one gold dish weighting 110 grams”
Numbers 7:41
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: that were a year old (0)Alternate translation: “that were each one year old”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: This was the sacrifice of Shelumiel son of Zurishaddai (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
“Shelumiel” and “Zurishaddai” are names of men.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Shelumiel son of Zurishaddai (0)See how you translated this man’s name in Numbers 1:6.
Numbers 7:42
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the sixth day (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal
Alternate translation: “day 6” or “day number 6”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Eliasaph son of Deuel (0)See how you translated this man’s name in Numbers 1:14.
Numbers 7:43
its weight was 130
Quote: וּמֵאָה֮ מִשְׁקָלָהּ֒ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight
See how you translated its weight was 130 in 7:13.
70
Quote: שִׁבְעִ֥ים (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight
See how you translated 70 shekels in 7:13.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: by the standard weight of the sanctuary shekel (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight
There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use in the sanctuary of the sacred tent. See how you translated this phrase in Numbers 7:13. Alternate translation: “measured by the standard weights used in the sanctuary”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: fine flour mixed with oil (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “fine flour that he had mixed with oil”
Numbers 7:44
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: one gold dish weighing ten shekels (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight
If necessary, this can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in Numbers 7:14. Alternate translation: “one gold dish weighing one tenth of a kilogram” or “one gold dish weighting 110 grams”
Numbers 7:47
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: that were a year old (0)Alternate translation: “that were each one year old”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: This was the sacrifice of Eliasaph son of Deuel (0)Alternate translation: “This was what Eliasaph son of Deuel gave as a sacrifice”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Eliasaph son of Deuel (0)See how you translated this man’s name in Numbers 1:14.
Numbers 7:48
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the seventh day (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal
Alternate translation: “day 7” or “day number 7”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Elishama son of Ammihud (0)See how you translated this man’s name in Numbers 1:10.
Numbers 7:49
its weight was 130
Quote: וּמֵאָה֮ מִשְׁקָלָהּ֒ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight
See how you translated its weight was 130 in 7:13.
70 shekels
Quote: שִׁבְעִ֥ים שֶׁ֖קֶל (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight
See how you translated 70 shekels in 7:13.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: by the standard weight of the sanctuary shekel (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight
There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use in the sanctuary of the sacred tent. See how you translated this phrase in Numbers 7:13. Alternate translation: “measured by the standard weights used in the sanctuary”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: fine flour mixed with oil (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “fine flour that he had mixed with oil”
Numbers 7:50
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: one gold dish weighing ten shekels (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight
If necessary, this can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in Numbers 7:14. Alternate translation: “one gold dish weighing one tenth of a kilogram” or “one gold dish weighting 110 grams”
Numbers 7:53
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: that were a year old (0)Alternate translation: “that were each one year old”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: This was the sacrifice of Elishama son of Ammihud (0)Alternate translation: “This was what Elishama son of Ammihud presented”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Elishama son of Ammihud (0)See how you translated this man’s name in Numbers 1:10.
Numbers 7:54
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the eighth day (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal
Alternate translation: “day 8” or “day number 8”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Gamaliel son of Pedahzur (0)See how you translated this man’s name in Numbers 1:10.
Numbers 7:55
its weight was 130
Quote: וּמֵאָה֮ מִשְׁקָלָהּ֒ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight
See how you translated its weight was 130 in 7:13.
70 shekels
Quote: שִׁבְעִ֥ים שֶׁ֖קֶל (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight
See how you translated 70 shekels in 7:13.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: by the standard weight of the sanctuary shekel (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight
There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use in the sanctuary of the sacred tent. See how you translated this phrase in Numbers 7:13. Alternate translation: “measured by the standard weights used in the sanctuary”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: fine flour mixed with oil (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “fine flour that he had mixed with oil”
Numbers 7:56
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: one gold dish weighing ten shekels (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight
If necessary, this can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in Numbers 7:14. Alternate translation: “one gold dish weighing one tenth of a kilogram” or “one gold dish weighting 110 grams”
Numbers 7:59
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: that were a year old (0)Alternate translation: “that were each one year old”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: This was the sacrifice of Gamaliel son of Pedahzur (0)Alternate translation: “This was what Gamaliel son of Pedahzur gave as a sacrifice”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Gamaliel son of Pedahzur (0)See how you translated this man’s name in Numbers 1:10.
Numbers 7:60
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the ninth day (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal
Alternate translation: “day 9” or “day number 9”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Abidan son of Gideoni (0)See how you translated this man’s name in Numbers 1:11.
Numbers 7:61
its weight was 130
Quote: שְׁלֹשִׁ֣ים וּמֵאָה֮ מִשְׁקָלָהּ֒ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight
See how you translated its weight was 130 in 7:13.
70 shekels
Quote: שִׁבְעִ֥ים שֶׁ֖קֶל (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight
See how you translated 70 shekels in 7:13.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: by the standard weight of the sanctuary shekel (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight
There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use in the sanctuary of the sacred tent. See how you translated this phrase in Numbers 7:13. Alternate translation: “measured by the standard weights used in the sanctuary”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: fine flour mingled with oil (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “fine flour that he had mixed with oil”
Numbers 7:62
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: one gold dish weighing ten shekels (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight
If necessary, this can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in Numbers 7:14. Alternate translation: “one gold dish weighing one tenth of a kilogram” or “one gold dish weighting 110 grams”
Numbers 7:65
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: that were a year old (0)Alternate translation: “that were each one year old”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: This was the sacrifice of Abidan son of Gideoni (0)Alternate translation: “This was what Abidan son of Gideoni gave as a sacrifice”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Abidan son of Gideoni (0)See how you translated this man’s name in Numbers 1:11.
Numbers 7:66
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the tenth day (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal
Alternate translation: “day 10” or “day number 10”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Ahiezer son of Ammishaddai (0)See how you translated this man’s name in Numbers 1:12.
Numbers 7:67
its weight was 130
Quote: וּמֵאָה֮ מִשְׁקָלָהּ֒ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight
See how you translated its weight was 130 in 7:13.
70 shekels
Quote: שִׁבְעִ֥ים שֶׁ֖קֶל (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight
See how you translated 70 shekels in 7:13.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: by the standard weight of the sanctuary shekel (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight
There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use in the sanctuary of the sacred tent. See how you translated this phrase in Numbers 7:13. Alternate translation: “measured by the standard weights used in the sanctuary”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: fine flour mixed with oil (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “fine flour that he had mixed with oil”
Numbers 7:68
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: one gold dish weighing ten shekels (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight
If necessary, this can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in Numbers 7:14. Alternate translation: “one gold dish weighing one tenth of a kilogram” or “one gold dish weighting 110 grams”
Numbers 7:71
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: that were a year old (0)Alternate translation: “that were each one year old”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: This was the sacrifice of Ahiezer son of Ammishaddai (0)Alternate translation: “This was what Ahiezer son of Ammishaddai gave as a sacrifice”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Ahiezer son of Ammishaddai (0)See how you translated this man’s name in Numbers 1:12.
Numbers 7:72
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the eleventh day (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal
Alternate translation: “day 11” or “day number 11”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Pagiel son of Okran (0)See how you translated this man’s name in Numbers 1:13.
Numbers 7:73
its weight was 130
Quote: וּמֵאָה֮ מִשְׁקָלָהּ֒ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight
See how you translated its weight was 130 in 7:13.
70 shekels
Quote: שִׁבְעִ֥ים שֶׁ֖קֶל (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight
See how you translated 70 shekels in 7:13.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: by the standard weight of the sanctuary shekel (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight
There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use in the sanctuary of the sacred tent. See how you translated this phrase in Numbers 7:13. Alternate translation: “measured by the standard weights used in the sanctuary”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: fine flour mingled with oil (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “fine flour that he had mixed with oil”
Numbers 7:74
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: one gold dish weighing ten shekels (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight
If necessary, this can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in Numbers 7:14. Alternate translation: “one gold dish weighing one tenth of a kilogram” or “one gold dish weighting 110 grams”
Numbers 7:77
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: that were a year old (0)Alternate translation: “that were each one year old”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: This was the sacrifice of Pagiel son of Okran (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
“Pagiel” and “Okran” were names of men. See how you translated their names in Numbers 1:13.
Numbers 7:78
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the twelfth day (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal
Alternate translation: “day 12” or “day number 12”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Ahira son of Enan (0)See how you translated this man’s name in Numbers 1:15.
Numbers 7:79
its weight was 130
Quote: וּמֵאָה֮ מִשְׁקָלָהּ֒ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight
See how you translated its weight was 130 in 7:13.
70 shekels
Quote: שִׁבְעִ֥ים שֶׁ֖קֶל (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight
See how you translated 70 shekels in 7:13.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: by the standard weight of the sanctuary shekel (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight
There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use in the sanctuary of the sacred tent. See how you translated this phrase in Numbers 7:13. Alternate translation: “measured by the standard weights used in the sanctuary”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: fine flour mixed with oil (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “fine flour that he had mixed with oil”
Numbers 7:80
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: one gold dish weighing ten shekels (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight
If necessary, this can be written in modern measurements. See how you translated these same weights in Numbers 7:14. Alternate translation: “one gold dish weighing one tenth of a kilogram” or “one gold dish weighting 110 grams”
Numbers 7:83
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: that were a year old (0)Alternate translation: “that were each one year old”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: This was the sacrifice of Ahira son of Enan (0)Alternate translation: “This was what Ahira son of Enan gave as a sacrifice”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Ahira son of Enan (0)See how you translated this man’s name in Numbers 1:15.
Numbers 7:84
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: set all these apart (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
The phrase “set apart” means to be dedicated to a specific purpose. In this case, the offerings were dedicated to Yahweh.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: on the day that Moses anointed the altar (0)Here the word “day” refers to a general period of time. The leaders of Israel dedicated these things over the course of 12 days. Alternate translation: “when Moses anointed the altar”
Numbers 7:85
was 130
Quote: שְׁלֹשִׁ֣ים וּמֵאָ֗ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight
See how you translated was 130 in 7:13. Alternate translation: “was 130 shekels”
One … and … bowl was 70
Quote: וְשִׁבְעִ֖ים הַמִּזְרָ֣ק הָאֶחָ֑ד (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight
See how you translated “70 shekels” in 7:13. Alternate translation: “was 70 shekels”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: 2,400 shekels (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “two thousand four hundred shekels” or “twenty-four hundred shekels”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: by the standard weight of the sanctuary shekel (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight
There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use in the sanctuary of the sacred tent. See how you translated this phrase in Numbers 7:13. Alternate translation: “measured by the standard weights used in the sanctuary”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: All the silver vessels weighed (0)Alternate translation: “All the silver vessels together weighed”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the silver vessels (0)This refers to all of the offerings that were made of silver, both the platters and the bowls.
Numbers 7:86
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: All the gold dishes weighed (0)Alternate translation: “All the gold dishes together weighed”
was 120
Quote: עֶשְׂרִ֥ים וּמֵאָֽה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight
If necessary, this can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “was one tenth of a kilogram” or “weighed 110 grams”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: 120 shekels (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “one hundred and twenty shekels”
Numbers 7:88
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: a year old (0)Alternate translation: “that were one year old”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: after it was anointed (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “after Moses had anointed it”
Numbers 7:89
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: he heard his voice speaking to him (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche
Here “his voice” refers to Yahweh. Alternate translation: “he heard Yahweh speaking to him”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: from above the atonement lid … from between the two cherubim (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism
These two phrases describe the same location.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: ark of the testimony (0)See how you translated this phrase in Numbers 4:5.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: He spoke to him (0)Alternate translation: “Yahweh spoke to Moses”
Numbers 8
Numbers 8 General Notes
Structure and formatting
The consecration of the tabernacle continues in this chapter. The people obeyed Yahweh’s exact instructions. (See: consecrate, consecrated, consecration and tabernacle)
Numbers 8:2
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: must give light in front (0)Alternate translation: “must shine towards the front”
Numbers 8:3
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: to give light (0)Alternate translation: “to shine”
Numbers 8:4
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: The lampstand was made (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “They had made the lampstand”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: with hammered cups like blossoms (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile
They were commanded to form the hammered cups so that they resembled flower blossoms. Alternate translation: “with hammered cups that resemble flower blossoms”
Numbers 8:7
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: to purify them (0)Here “them” refers to the Levites.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Sprinkle the water of atonement on them (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction
Moses sprinkling water on them was symbolic of their atonement. Alternate translation: “Sprinkle on their the water that symbolizes atonement”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: wash their clothes (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis
The Levites are supposed to wash their own clothes. You can make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: “then make them wash their clothes”
Numbers 8:8
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: a young bull and its grain offering (0)When offering a young bull, a grain offering was usually required to accompany it.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: of fine flour mingled with oil (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “of fine flour that they have mingled with oil”
Numbers 8:9
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: assemble the whole community (0)Alternate translation: “gather the whole community”
Numbers 8:10
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: before Yahweh (0)Here Yahweh refers to himself by his own name.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the people of Israel must lay their hands on the Levites (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction
The action “laying on hands” on someone was often done to dedicate them to Yahweh’s work or service. Alternate translation: “The people Israel must lay their hands on the Levites, dedicating them to me”
Numbers 8:11
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: as a wave offering (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile
Aaron was to present the Levites to Yahweh with the same amount of dedication as if they were a sacrifice given to him. Alternate translation: “if they were a wave offering”
Numbers 8:12
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: The Levites must place their hands on the heads of the bulls (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction
This is a symbolic action that identifies the Levites with the animals being offered. In this way the person is offering himself through the animal to Yahweh.
Numbers 8:13
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: lift them up as a wave offering to me (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile
Aaron was to present the Levites to Yahweh as if he were lifting up an offering to Yahweh. Alternate translation: “dedicate them to me, as if you were lifting them up a wave offering to me”
Numbers 8:15
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: You must purify them. You must offer them as a wave offering (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
Yahweh repeats these things to emphasize their importance. This must happen before the Levites go to serve at the tent of meeting. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “But first, you must purify them. You must offer them as a wave offering”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: You must offer them as a wave offering (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile
Aaron was to present the Levites to Yahweh as if they were a wave offering to him. Alternate translation: “You must dedicate them to me, as if you were presenting a wave offering to me”
Numbers 8:16
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: each male child who opens the womb, the firstborn (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism
These two phrases mean basically the same thing and are combined for emphasize the firstborn sons.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: male child who opens the womb (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
This is an idiom. “To open the womb” means to give birth for the first time. Here this refers to the first male child to which a mother gives birth. Alternate translation: “child who is the firstborn son of his mother”
Numbers 8:17
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: I took the lives (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism
This is a polite way of referring to when a person kills someone. Alternate translation: “I killed”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: I set them apart (0)Here “them” refers to “the firstborn from among the people of Israel.”
Numbers 8:18
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: I have taken the Levites … instead of all the firstborn (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis
The idea of “taking” is understood from the first part of the sentence and can be repeated in the second. Alternate translation: “I have taken the Levites … instead taking all of the firstborn”
Numbers 8:19
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: I have given the Levites as a gift to Aaron and his sons (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Yahweh appointing the Levites to help Aaron and his sons is spoken of as if they were a gift that Yahweh were giving to Aaron and his sons.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: I have taken them … I have given them (0)Here “them” refers to the Levites.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: when they come near (0)Here “they” refers to the people of Israel.
Numbers 8:20
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Moses, Aaron, and the whole community of the people of Israel … The people of Israel did this with them (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism
Here there are three parallel sentences that give the same information. It is repeated to emphasize that the people did to the Levites as Yahweh had commanded. Alternate translation: “Moses, Aaron, and the whole community of the people of Israel did with the Levites everything that Yahweh had commanded Moses concerning the Levites”
Numbers 8:22
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: to do their service (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns
The word “service,” an abstract noun, can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: “to serve”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: before Aaron and before Aaron’s sons (0)Alternate translation: “in the presence of Aaron and his sons”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: This was (0)Alternate translation: “What they did was”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: They treated all the Levites in this way (0)The word “They” refers to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “They did to the Levites what Yahweh commanded”
Numbers 8:24
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: All of this is for the Levites (0)Alternate translation: “All of these commandments are for the Levites”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: twenty-five years old (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “25 years old”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: must join the company to serve in the tent of meeting (0)The word “company” refers to the rest of the people working in the tent of meeting. See how you translated this phrase in Numbers 4:3.
Numbers 8:25
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: at the age of fifty years (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “at 50 years old” or “when they become 50 years old”
Numbers 9
Numbers 9 General Notes
Special concepts in this chapter
Passover
This chapter records the celebration of the Passover for the first time since it began. The people kept the Passover as directed by the Lord. (See: Passover)
Numbers 9:1
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: in the first month of the second year after they came out from the land of Egypt (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal
This means that they had come out of Egypt a year earlier. They were beginning their second year in the wilderness.
in the first month
Quote: בַּחֹ֥דֶשׁ הָרִאשׁ֖וֹן (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths
This is the first month of the Hebrew calendar. It marks when God brought the people of Israel out of Egypt.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: after they came out from the land of Egypt (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
Here “they” refers to the people of Israel. The phrase “came out” means to leave. Alternate translation: “after they left the land of Egypt”
Numbers 9:2
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Let the people … at its fixed time of year (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
The word “fixed” means “previously set.” This means that this is when the observe it every year. Alternate translation: “Let the people … at the time of year they currently observe it”
Numbers 9:3
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: On the fourteenth day … at its fixed time of year (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
This is the set time of year that they celebrate the Passover. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “On the fourteenth day … and observe it, for this is the time you do celebrate it every year”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the fourteenth day (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal
Alternate translation: “day 14”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: follow all the regulations, and obey all the decrees (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism
These two phrases mean basically the same thing and are combined to emphasize that they needed to obey the commands.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: You must keep it (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
Here the phrase “keep it” is an idiom which means to observe it. Alternate translation: “You must observe it” or “You must celebrate it”
Numbers 9:4
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: keep the Festival of the Passover (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
Here the word “keep” means to observe. Alternate translation: “observe the Festival of the Passover” or “celebrate the Festival of the Passover”
Numbers 9:5
in the first, on day 14 of the month
Quote: בָּרִאשׁ֡וֹן בְּאַרְבָּעָה֩ עָשָׂ֨ר י֥וֹם לַחֹ֛דֶשׁ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths
This refers to time in the Jewish calendar.
Numbers 9:6
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: became unclean by the body of a dead man (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
This implies that they touched the dead man, which made them unclean. You can make clear the full meaning of this statement. Alternate translation: “became unclean because they touched the body of a dead man”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: unclean (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
A person who God considers spiritually unacceptable or defiled is spoken of as if the person were physically unclean.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: keep the Passover (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
Here the word “keep” means to observe. Alternate translation: “observe the Passover” or “celebrate the Passover”
Numbers 9:7
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: because of the dead body of a man (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
This means that they had touched a dead man’s body. You can make the full meaning of this statement clear. Alternate translation: “because we have touched the body of a dead man”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Why do you keep us from offering the sacrifice … among the people of Israel? (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion
The men ask this question in order to complain that they are not allowed to participate in celebrating the Passover. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “It is not fair that you keep us away from offering the sacrifice … among the people of Israel.”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: fixed (0)set or predetermined
Numbers 9:10
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: unclean (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
A person who God considers spiritually unacceptable or defiled is spoken of as if the person were physically unclean.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: because of a dead body (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
This refers to someone touching a dead body. Alternate translation: “because you have touched a dead body”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: keep the Passover (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
Here the word “keep” means to observe. Alternate translation: “observe the Passover” or “celebrate the Passover”
Numbers 9:11
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: eat the Passover (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
Here the word “eat” means to observe. Alternate translation: “observe the Passover” or “celebrate the Passover”
In the second month on day 14
Quote: בַּחֹ֨דֶשׁ הַשֵּׁנִ֜י בְּאַרְבָּעָ֨ה עָשָׂ֥ר י֛וֹם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths
This refers to time in the Jewish calendar. Alternate translation: “day 14 of month 2”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: at evening (0)Alternate translation: “at sunset”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: with bread that is made without yeast (0)Alternate translation: “with bread that contains no yeast”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: bitter herbs (0)These are small plants that have a strong and usually bad taste.
Numbers 9:12
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: or break any of its bones (0)Alternate translation: “and they must not break any of its bones”
Numbers 9:13
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: any person who is clean (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
A person who God considers spiritually acceptable is spoken of as if the person were physically clean.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: keep the Passover (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
Here the word “keep” means to observe. Alternate translation: “observe the Passover” or “celebrate the Passover”
now that person shall be cut off
Quote: וְנִכְרְתָ֛ה הַנֶּ֥פֶשׁ הַהִ֖וא (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Here the phrase cut off means to be disowned and sent away. Alternate translation: “and that person must be sent away”
now that person shall be cut off
Quote: וְנִכְרְתָ֛ה הַנֶּ֥פֶשׁ הַהִ֖וא (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “and you must send that person away”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: fixed (0)set or predetermined
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: That man must carry his sin (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Here the concept of the man having to bear the consequences of his sin is spoken of as if his sin were a heavy object that he had to carry. Alternate translation: “That man must bear the punishment for his sin”
Numbers 9:14
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: lives among you (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you
Here “you” is plural and refers to the people of Israel.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: he must keep it according to the statute of the Passover and according to its rule (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism
The words “statute” and “rule” mean basically the same thing and are used together to emphasize that the stranger must obey all of the rules about the Passover. Alternate translation: “that stranger must keep it and do all that Yahweh has commanded concerning the Passover”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: in the land (0)Alternate translation: “in the land of Israel”
Numbers 9:15
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the tabernacle was set up (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the Levites set up the tabernacle”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the tent of the covenant decrees (0)This is another name for the tabernacle. See how you translated the phrase “the tabernacle of the covenant decrees” in Numbers 1:50.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: It appeared like fire until morning (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile
This refers to the cloud’s appearance during the night. Here the cloud is compared to looking like a fire. Alternate translation: “During the night the cloud looked like a huge fire until morning”
Numbers 9:16
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: It continued that way (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
It may be helpful to explain that this refers to the cloud being over the tabernacle. Alternate translation: “The cloud remained this way over the tabernacle”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: appeared like fire at night (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile
The cloud’s appearance is compared to a huge fire. Alternate translation: “it looked like a huge fire at night”
Numbers 9:17
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the cloud was taken up (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “moved” or “Yahweh took up the cloud”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the cloud stopped (0)Alternate translation: “the cloud stopped moving”
Numbers 9:18
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: At Yahweh’s command (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns
The word “command” can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: “When Yahweh commanded”
Numbers 9:20
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: on the tabernacle (0)Alternate translation: “over the tabernacle”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: make camp (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
Here the word “make” means to “set up.” Alternate translation: “set up their camp”
Numbers 9:21
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: from evening until morning (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
This means that the cloud only stayed over the tabernacle for one night. You make clear the full meaning of this statement. Alternate translation: “only from evening until morning” or “over the tabernacle for only one night”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: If it continued (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. “If the cloud stayed over the tabernacle”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: only when the cloud lifted would they journey on (0)Alternate translation: “then after the cloud moved they would travel”
Numbers 9:22
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the cloud was taken up (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the cloud rose up” or “Yahweh took up the cloud”
Numbers 9:23
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: at Yahweh’s command (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns
The word “command” can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: “what Yahweh commanded”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Yahweh’s command given through Moses (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the command that Yahweh had given through Moses”
Numbers 10
Numbers 10 General Notes
Special concepts in this chapter
Trumpets
In the ancient Near East, trumpets were used for many purposes. They were used to call people together. They were also used to lead people into battle.
Israel starts to move
Each tribe had its place in line as did the tabernacle. Their movements through the desert were very deliberate and ordered. (See: tabernacle)
Numbers 10:2
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Make two silver trumpets (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
This means that Yahweh commanded Moses to have someone make the trumpet. He did not make them himself. Alternate translation: “Tell someone to make two silver trumpets”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: You must use the trumpets (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Moses will not blow the trumpets himself, but he will command the priests to blow them.
Numbers 10:3
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: in front of you (0)This means that Moses was to be there with the priest when he blew the trumpets. Alternate translation: “while you are present”
Numbers 10:4
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the leaders, the heads of the clans of Israel (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism
These two phrases refer to the same group of people. Here the second phrase is used to describe the first phrase. Alternate translation: “the leaders, who are the heads of the clans of Israel”
Numbers 10:5
and you shall blow a blast
Quote: וּתְקַעְתֶּ֖ם תְּרוּעָ֑ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you
Here the word you is plural. Yahweh is speaking to Moses, but he his referring to the priests.
and you shall blow a blast
Quote: וּתְקַעְתֶּ֖ם תְּרוּעָ֑ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
The priests will blow the trumpets, Moses will not. Alternate translation: “And they shall blow a blast”
Numbers 10:6
and you shall blow a second blast
Quote: וּתְקַעְתֶּ֤ם תְּרוּעָה֙ שֵׁנִ֔ית (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you
Here the word you is plural. Yahweh is speaking to Moses, but he his referring to the priests.
and you shall blow a second blast
Quote: וּתְקַעְתֶּ֤ם תְּרוּעָה֙ שֵׁנִ֔ית (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
The priests will blow the trumpets, Moses will not. Alternate translation: “And they shall blow a second blast”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the second time (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal
Alternate translation: “time number 2” or “again”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: They must blow a loud signal for their journeys (0)Alternate translation: “They” refers to the priests and the word “their” refers to the people of Israel.
Numbers 10:7
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: When the community gathers together (0)Alternate translation: “To gather the community together”
Numbers 10:8
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: be a regulation for you (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you
Here “you” is plural and refers to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “be a rule for you”
Numbers 10:9
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: When you go to war … oppresses you (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche
Yahweh is speaking to Moses and uses the word “you,” but he is actually referring the people of Israel going to war. Alternate translation: “When the people of Israel to war … oppresses Israel”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: then you must sound an alarm with the trumpets (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Here Yahweh again speaks to Moses using the word “you” but actually wants Moses to have the priests blow the trumpets. Alternate translation: “then you must command the priests to sound an alarm with the trumpets”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: call you to mind (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
This phrase “call to mind” means to remember. Alternate translation: “remember you”
Numbers 10:10
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: of celebration (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns
The noun “celebration” can be expressed with the verb “celebrate.” Alternate translation: “when you celebrate”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: you must blow the trumpets (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Here Yahweh again speaks to Moses using the word “you,” but actually wants him to have the priests blow the trumpets. Alternate translation: “you must command the priests to blow the trumpets”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: at the beginnings of the months (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths
There are 12 months on the Hebrew calendar. The beginning phase of the moon with its sliver of light marked the beginning of each month in the lunar calendar.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: your burnt offerings … your fellowship offerings … you to me (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you
In these phrases the words “your” and “you” are plural and refer to the people of Israel.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: over the sacrifices (0)Alternate translation: “in honor of the sacrifices”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: will act as a reminder of you to me (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns
The word “reminder” can be expressed with the verb “remind.” Alternate translation: “will always remind you of me”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: These will act (0)The word “these” refers to the trumpets and the sacrifices.
Numbers 10:11
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: In the second year (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal
This refers to the second year after Yahweh brought the Israelites out of Egypt. Alternate translation: “In year 2”
second … in the … month, on 20 in the month
Quote: בַּחֹ֥דֶשׁ הַשֵּׁנִ֖י בְּעֶשְׂרִ֣ים בַּחֹ֑דֶשׁ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal
The word second is the ordinal form of "two." Alternate translation: “on day 20 of month 2”
second … in the … month, on 20 in the month
Quote: בַּחֹ֥דֶשׁ הַשֵּׁנִ֖י בְּעֶשְׂרִ֣ים בַּחֹ֑דֶשׁ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths
This is the second month of the Hebrew calendar. Alternate translation: “on day 20 of month 2”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the cloud was lifted (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the cloud rose up” or “Yahweh lifted the cloud”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the tabernacle of the covenant decrees (0)The tabernacle was also called by this longer name because the ark with the law of God was placed inside it. See how you translated this in Numbers 1:50.
Numbers 10:13
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Yahweh’s command given through Moses (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the commands that Yahweh had given through Moses”
Numbers 10:14
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: The camp under the banner of Judah’s descendants (0)This camp includes the three tribes under the division of Judah: Judah, Issachar, and Zebulun.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: went out first (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal
They packed up their camp and they left that place before all the others left.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Nahshon son of Amminadab (0)See how you translated this man’s name in Numbers 1:7.
Numbers 10:15
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Nethanel son of Zuar (0)See how you translated this man’s name in Numbers 1:8.
Numbers 10:16
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Eliab son of Helon (0)See how you translated this man’s name in Numbers 1:9.
Numbers 10:17
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Gershon … Merari (0)See how you translated these men’s names in Numbers 3:17.
Numbers 10:18
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the armies under the banner of Reuben’s camp (0)This refers to the armies of the tribes under the division of Reuben: Reuben, Simeon, and Gad.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Elizur son of Shedeur (0)See how you translated this man’s name in Numbers 1:5.
Numbers 10:19
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Shelumiel son of Zurishaddai (0)See how you translated this man’s name Numbers 1:6.
Numbers 10:20
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Eliasaph son of Deuel (0)See how you translated this man’s name in Numbers 1:14.
Numbers 10:21
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Kohathites (0)This refers to the descendants of Kohath. See how you translated this in Numbers 3:27.
Numbers 10:22
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: The armies under the banner of Ephraim’s descendants (0)This refers to the armies of the tribes under the division of Ephraim: Ephraim, Manasseh, and Benjamin.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Elishama son of Ammihud (0)See how you translated this man’s name in Numbers 1:10.
Numbers 10:23
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Gamaliel son of Pedahzur (0)See how you translated this man’s name in Numbers 1:10.
Numbers 10:24
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Abidan son of Gideoni (0)See how you translated this man’s name in Numbers 1:11.
Numbers 10:25
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: The armies that camped under the banner of Dan’s descendants (0)This refers to the armies of the tribes under the division of Dan: Dan, Asher, and Naphtali.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Ahiezer son of Ammishaddai (0)See how you translated this man’s name in Numbers 1:12.
Numbers 10:26
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Pagiel son of Okran (0)See how you translated this man’s name in Numbers 1:13.
Numbers 10:27
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Ahira son of Enan (0)See how you translated this man’s name in Numbers 1:15.
Numbers 10:29
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Hobab son of Reuel (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
This is the name of a man.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: that Yahweh described (0)Alternate translation: “that Yahweh described to us”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: we will do you good (0)Alternate translation: “we will treat you well”
Numbers 10:31
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: You must watch out for us (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
The phrase “watch out” means to guide and to take care of. Alternate translation: “You can guide us and show us how to live in the desert”
Numbers 10:33
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: They journeyed (0)Alternate translation: “They” refers to the people of Israel.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the mountain of Yahweh (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
This refers to Mount Sinai. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “Mount Sinai, the mountain of Yahweh”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: The ark of the covenant of Yahweh went before them (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification
The group of Levites carrying the ark of the covenant went before the people of Israel as the traveled. Alternate translation: “Men carried the ark of the covenant of Yahweh before them as they traveled”
Numbers 10:34
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: by daylight (0)Alternate translation: “every day” or “during the day”
Numbers 10:35
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Whenever the ark set out (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification
Here the ark is spoken of as if were a person traveling. The ark was really being carried by men. Alternate translation: “Whenever the people carrying the ark set out”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Rise up, Yahweh (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Here the phrase “rise up” is a request for Yahweh to act, in this case Moses is asking him to scatter their enemies.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Make those who hate you run from you (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Here Moses speaks about Yahweh causing their enemies to flee from the people of Israel as if they were fleeing from Yahweh himself. Alternate translation: “Make those who hate you run away from your ark and your people”
Numbers 10:36
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Whenever the ark stopped (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification
Here the ark is spoken of as if were a person traveling. The ark was really being carried by men. Alternate translation: “Whenever the people carrying the ark stopped”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: many tens of thousands (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
This refers to people. The full meaning of this statement can be made explicit. Alternate translation: “many tens of thousands of people”
Numbers 11
Numbers 11 General Notes
Special concepts in this chapter
Complaining
Moses complained about having too much responsibility. Therefore, God gave seventy men the spirit of prophecy to help Moses. The people complained about food, even though Yahweh was miraculously providing them with their food. The people complained because they did not have meat or fish to eat. God sent them quail. He punished some of the people, but it does not say why God did this. (See: spirit, wind, breath and prophet, prophecy, prophesy, seer, prophetess)
Numbers 11:1
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Fire from Yahweh burned (0)Alternate translation: “Yahweh sent fire that burned”
Numbers 11:3
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: That place was named (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
This can be stated in the active form. Alternate translation: “They named that place”
Numbers 11:4
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Who will give us meat to eat? (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion
The Israelites ask this question in order to complain and to express their desire for something other than manna to eat. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “We wish that we had meat to eat.”
Numbers 11:6
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: our appetite is gone (0)Alternate translation: “we do not want to eat” or “we cannot eat”
Numbers 11:7
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: coriander seed (0)Coriander is also known as cilantro. This seed serves as a spice when dried.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: resin (0)This is a sticky substance with a pale yellow color.
Numbers 11:10
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: in Moses’ eyes (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
he eyes represent seeing, and seeing represents thoughts or judgment. Alternate translation: “in Moses’ opinion” or “in Moses’ judgement”
Numbers 11:11
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestionGeneral Information:
Moses complains to Yahweh using several rhetorical questions.
Why do you do evil to your servant
Quote: לָמָ֤ה הֲרֵעֹ֨תָ֙ לְעַבְדֶּ֔ךָ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person
Moses speaks of himself in the third person. Alternate translation: “Why do you do evil to me?”
Why do you do evil to your servant? And why have I not found favor in your eyes, by putting the burden of all this people on me
Quote: לָמָ֤ה הֲרֵעֹ֨תָ֙ לְעַבְדֶּ֔ךָ וְלָ֛מָּה לֹא־ מָצָ֥תִי חֵ֖ן בְּעֵינֶ֑יךָ לָשׂ֗וּם אֶת־ מַשָּׂ֛א כָּל־ הָעָ֥ם הַזֶּ֖ה עָלָֽי (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion
Moses used these questions to complain about the way God was treating him. They can be expressed as statements. Alternate translation: “You should not treat me, your servant, so badly. You should not be angry with me by making me responsible for what all these people have done!”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: You make me carry the load of all these people (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Moses complains and speaks of leading the people and providing for them as if he were carrying a heavy load. Alternate translation: “You make me responsible for all these people, but it’s too hard for me”
Numbers 11:12
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Did I conceive all these people? (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion
Moses used this question to remind God that Moses was not their father. Alternate translation: “I am not the father of all these people.”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Have I given them birth so that you should say to me, ‘Carry … baby?’ (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion
Moses wants God to remember that God told him to take care of the Israelites even though Moses was not their father. Alternate translation: “I have not given them birth, so you have no right to say to me, ‘Carry … baby’!”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Carry them closely to your chest (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
To take care of the Israelites is spoken of as if it were to carry a helpless newborn baby.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Should I carry them … to give them? (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion
If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should not expect me to carry them … to give them!” or “I am not able to carry them … to give them!”
Numbers 11:13
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Where can I find meat to give to all this people? (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion
Moses used this question to complain that it was impossible for him to give meat to all the people. Alternate translation: “I cannot possibly find enough meat to give to all these people.”
Numbers 11:14
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: I cannot bear all these people alone (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Moses speaks of leading and providing for the people as if he were carrying them. Alternate translation: “I cannot provide for all these people alone”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: They are too much for me (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “This responsibility is too difficult for me”
Numbers 11:17
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: some of the Spirit that is on you (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
The “Spirit” here represents the power that God’s Spirit had given to Moses so that Moses could do what God told him to do. Alternate translation: “some of the power that the Spirit has given you”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: They will bear the burden of the people with you (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
God speaks of the responsibility of leading and providing for the people as if it were a burden that Moses and the leaders would carry. Alternate translation: “They will help you care for the people”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: You will not have to bear it alone (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
God speaks of the responsibility of leading and providing for the people as if it were a burden that Moses and the leaders would carry. Alternate translation: “You will not care for them alone”
Numbers 11:18
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Who will give us meat to eat? (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion
The Israelites had asked this question in order to complain and to express their desire for something other than manna to eat. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “We wish that we had meat to eat.”
Numbers 11:20
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: until it comes out of your nostrils (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
This could mean: (1) God speaks of vomiting as if the food would come out through their nostrils. Alternate translation: “until you are sick and vomit” or (2) they would eat so much meat that it would be as if it would come out of their nostrils. Alternate translation: “until it feels like it would have to come out of your nostrils”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Why did we leave Egypt? (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion
The people had used this question to express regret and to complain. Alternate translation: “We never should have left Egypt.”
Numbers 11:21
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: 600,000 people (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “six hundred thousand people”
Numbers 11:22
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Should we kill flocks and herds to satisfy them? Should we catch all the fish in the sea to satisfy them? (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion
Moses uses these questions to express his doubt that there could be enough meat to feed all of the people. Alternate translation: “We would have to kill entire flocks and herds and catch all the fish in the sea to satisfy them!”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: flocks and herds (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet
These two words mean basically the same thing. Together they emphasize a great number of animals.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: all the fish in the sea (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole
The word “all” is an exaggeration to show how impossible it was to provide food for all the people of Israel.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: to satisfy them (0)Alternate translation: “to satisfy their hunger”
Numbers 11:23
Is the hand of Yahweh short
Quote: הֲיַ֥ד יְהוָ֖ה תִּקְצָ֑ר (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Here the word hand represents God’s power. Alternate translation: “Do you think that I am not powerful enough to do this?”
Is the hand of Yahweh short
Quote: הֲיַ֥ד יְהוָ֖ה תִּקְצָ֑ר (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion
God uses this question to rebuke Moses for thinking that God did not have the power to provide enough meat for the people. Alternate translation: “You should know I am more than strong enough to do this.”
Numbers 11:24
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Yahweh’s words (0)Alternate translation: “what Yahweh had said”
Numbers 11:25
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: some of the Spirit that was on Moses (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
The “Spirit” here represents the power that God’s Spirit had given to Moses. See how you translated a similar phrase in Numbers 11:17. Alternate translation: “some of the power that the Spirit had given to Moses”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: put it on the seventy elders (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Giving power to the elders is spoken of as putting the Spirit on them. See how you translated a similar phrase in Numbers 11:17. Alternate translation: “gave it to the seventy elders”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: When the Spirit rested on them (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Having power from the Spirit is spoken of as if the Spirit rested on them. Alternate translation: “When they had power from the Spirit”
Numbers 11:26
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: The Spirit also rested on them (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
The Spirit giving them power is spoken of as if the Spirit rested on them. Alternate translation: “The Spirit also gave them power”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Their names were written on the list (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
This can be written in active form. Alternate translation: “Moses had written their names on the list”
Numbers 11:28
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: stop them (0)Alternate translation: “tell them to stop prophesying”
Numbers 11:29
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Are you jealous for my sake? (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion
Moses uses this question to rebuke Joshua. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement, if necessary. Alternate translation: “You should not be jealous for my sake.”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Are you jealous for my sake? (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
What Joshua might have been jealous about can be stated clearly if needed. Alternate translation: “Are you concerned that they might be taking away something that belongs to me?” or “Are you concerned that people will not respect my authority?”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: that he would put his Spirit on them all (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Moses speaks of God’s Spirit giving people power as if God were to put his Spirit on them. Alternate translation: “that God’s Spirit would give them all power”
Numbers 11:31
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: quail (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown
a small bird
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: about a day’s journey on one side and a day’s journey on the other side (0)Alternate translation: “in each direction for as far as a person could walk in one day”
and like two cubits
Quote: וּכְאַמָּתַ֖יִם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance
A cubit is a unit of measurement equal to about 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “and about 92 centimeters” or “and about 1 meter”
Numbers 11:32
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: No one gathered less than ten homers of quail (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives
This is a double negative which can be expressed as a positive statement. Alternate translation: “Everyone gathered at least ten homers of quail”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: ten homers (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume
A homer is a unit of volume equal to about 220 liters. Alternate translation: “2,200 liters”
Numbers 11:33
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: While the meat was still between their teeth, while they were chewing it (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism
These two phrases mean basically the same thing. Together they emphasize that God punished them immediately, even while they were eating the meat. Alternate translation: “While they were still eating the meat”
Numbers 11:34
and he called the name of that place Kibroth Hattaavah
Quote: וַיִּקְרָ֛א אֶת־ שֵֽׁם־ הַמָּק֥וֹם הַה֖וּא קִבְר֣וֹת הַֽתַּאֲוָ֑ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
This was the same place that was formerly called, “Taberah” in 11:3. Alternate translation: “They named that place Kibroth Hattaavah”
Numbers 11:35
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Hazeroth (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
This is the name of a place in the desert.
Numbers 12
Numbers 12 General Notes
Structure and formatting
Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 12:6–8.
Important figures of speech in this chapter
Idiom
God used the idiom “mouth to mouth” meaning “speaking directly with both people present.” This indicated that Moses was more than just a prophet and greater than other prophets. (See: Idiom and prophet, prophecy, prophesy, seer, prophetess)
Numbers 12:2
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Has Yahweh spoken only with Moses? Has he not spoken also with us? (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion
Miriam and Aaron use these questions to complain that Moses had so much authority and they did not. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “Yahweh has not spoken only with Moses. He has also spoken with us.”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Now Yahweh heard (0)The word “Now” hear draws attention to the important point that follows.
Numbers 12:3
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Now the man Moses (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background
Alternate translation: “Now” is used to mark a break in the main story line. The narrator tells background information about Moses’ character.
Numbers 12:5
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: a pillar of cloud (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
The shape of the cloud is spoken of as if it were a pillar. Alternate translation: “a cloud shaped like a pillar” or “a tall cloud”
Numbers 12:7
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: My servant Moses is not like that (0)Alternate translation: “I do not speak to Moses like that”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: He is faithful in all my house (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Here “my house” represents the nation of Israel. Being faithful in God’s house represents being faithful in leading Israel. Alternate translation: “Moses leads my people faithfully” or “Moses is the one whom I trust to lead my people Israel”
Numbers 12:8
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: So why are you unafraid to speak against my servant, against Moses? (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion
Yahweh asks this question to rebuke Miriam and Aaron. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should be afraid to speak against my servant, against Moses.”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: against my servant, against Moses (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism
The phrase “against Moses” clarifies that he is the “servant” of whom Yahweh speaks. Alternate translation: “against my servant, Moses”
Numbers 12:9
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Yahweh’s anger burned against them (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Yahweh’s anger is spoken of as if it were a fire. Alternate translation: “Yahweh became very angry with them”
Numbers 12:10
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: was as white as snow (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile
Leprosy turned Miriam’s skin white. Alternate translation: “became very white”
Numbers 12:11
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: do not hold this sin against us (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
To hold people’s sin against them is to say that they are guilty for their sin. Here it represents punishing them for their sin.
Numbers 12:12
Please do not let her be like the dead one
Quote: אַל־ נָ֥א תְהִ֖י כַּמֵּ֑ת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile
Aaron compares the deadly leprosy of Miriam to a stillborn baby who has begun to decompose.
Numbers 12:13
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Please heal her, God, please (0)Here “please” is repeated for emphasis.
Numbers 12:14
If her father surely spit in her face
Quote: וְאָבִ֨יהָ֙ יָרֹ֤ק יָרַק֙ בְּפָנֶ֔יהָ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo
This describes something that could have happened but did not.
If her father surely spit in her face
Quote: וְאָבִ֨יהָ֙ יָרֹ֤ק יָרַק֙ בְּפָנֶ֔יהָ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction
Spitting in someone’s face was a terrible insult.
Numbers 12:15
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Miriam was shut outside the camp (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Being sent out of the camp and not being allowed to go back in is spoken of as if there were a door that was closed behind her. Alternate translation: “Miriam was sent outside the camp” or “Miriam was kept outside the camp”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Miriam was shut outside the camp (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Moses shut Miriam outside the camp” or “Moses sent Miriam outside the camp”
Numbers 12:16
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Hazeroth (0)This is the name of a place in the desert. See how you translated it in Numbers 11:35.
Numbers 13
Numbers 13 General Notes
Special concepts in this chapter
Spies
Leaders from each of the tribes went to spy on the Promised Land in Canaan. Yahweh was not concerned with how many people were there, because he could defeat them. It appears that he is testing the faith of the people. The people were supposed to be excited to enter this wonderful land, instead they were afraid. (See: Promised Land and test, tested, testing, testing in the fire and faith)
Numbers 13:2
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: which I have given (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pastforfuture
God had decided that the land of Canaan would belong to the people of Israel, but they had not yet moved into it. Alternate translation: “which I have decided to give” or “which I will soon give”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Each man must be a leader among them (0)Alternate translation: “Each man whom you send must be a leader among his tribe”
Numbers 13:4
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Shammua son of Zaccur (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
These are men’s names.
Numbers 13:5
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Shaphat … Hori (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
These are men’s names.
Numbers 13:6
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Jephunneh (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
A man’s name.
Numbers 13:7
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Igal (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
A man’s name.
Numbers 13:8
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Nun (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
A man’s name.
Numbers 13:9
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Palti … Raphu (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
These are men’s names.
Numbers 13:10
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Gaddiel … Sodi (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
These are men’s names.
Numbers 13:11
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Gaddi … Susi (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
These are men’s names.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: from the tribe of Joseph (that is to say, from the tribe Manasseh) (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
The relationship between Joseph and Manasseh can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “from the tribe of Joseph’s son Manasseh”
Numbers 13:12
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Ammiel … Gemalli (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
These are men’s names.
Numbers 13:13
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Sethur … Michael (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
These are men’s names.
Numbers 13:14
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Nahbi … Vophsi (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
These are men’s names.
Numbers 13:15
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Geuel … Maki (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
These are men’s names.
Numbers 13:16
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Hoshea son of Nun (0)See how you translated these men’s names in Numbers 13:8.
Numbers 13:19
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Is it good or bad? What cities are there? Are they like camps, or are they fortified cities? (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion
Moses asks these questions to explain the kind of information that the men were to report back to him. These can be expressed as a statement. Alternate translation: “See if the land is good or bad, what kind of cities are there, and whether those cities are only camps, or whether they have defensive walls around them.”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Are they like camps, or are they fortified cities (0)Fortified cities had strong walls around them to protect them from enemy armies. Camps did not have these walls.
Numbers 13:21
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Zin … Rehob (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
These are names of places.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the wilderness of Zin (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-transliterate
The word “Zin” here is the Hebrew name of the wilderness.
Numbers 13:22
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Zoan (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
This is the name of a place.
And Hebron had been built seven years before Zoan of Egypt
Quote: וְחֶבְר֗וֹן שֶׁ֤בַע שָׁנִים֙ נִבְנְתָ֔ה לִפְנֵ֖י צֹ֥עַן מִצְרָֽיִם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “And the Canaanites had built Hebron seven years before the Egyptians built Zoan”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Ahiman … Sheshai … Talmai (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
These are names of clans that were named after their ancestors.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Anak (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
This is the name of a man.
Numbers 13:23
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Eshkol (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
This is the name of a place.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: between two of their group (0)Alternate translation: “between two men of their group”
Numbers 13:24
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: That place was named (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “They named that place”
Numbers 13:25
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: After forty days (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “After 40 days”
Numbers 13:26
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: They brought back word (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Here “word” refers to a report. Alternate translation: “They brought back their report” or “They reported what they had seen”
Numbers 13:27
and it is certainly flowing with milk and honey
Quote: וְ֠גַם זָבַ֨ת חָלָ֥ב וּדְבַ֛שׁ הִ֖וא (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
They spoke of the land being good for animals and plants as if the milk and honey from those animals and plants were flowing through the land. Alternate translation: “And it is certainly excellent for raising livestock and growing crops” or “And it is certainly a very fertile land”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: milk (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Since milk comes from cows and goats, it represents livestock and the food produced from the livestock. Alternate translation: “food from livestock”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: honey (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Since honey is produced from flowers, it represents crops and the food produced from the crops. Alternate translation: “food from crops”
Numbers 13:32
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: they spread around … They said (0)Here “they” refers to all of the men who examined the land except for Caleb and Joshua.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the land that they had examined (0)Here “they” refers to all of the men who examined the land including Caleb and Joshua.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: a land that eats up its inhabitants (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
The men speak of the land, or the people of the land, being very dangerous as if the land ate up people. Alternate translation: “a very dangerous land” or “a land where the people will kill us”
Numbers 13:33
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Anak (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
This is the name of a man.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: In our own sight … in their sight (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Here sight represents evaluation and judgement. Alternate translation: “In our own opinion … in their opinion” or “In our own judgement … in their judgement”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: we were like grasshoppers in comparison with them (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile
The men speak of grasshoppers to show how very small they thought themselves to be compared to the people of the land. Alternate translation: “we are as small as grasshoppers in comparison with them”
Numbers 14
Numbers 14 General Notes
Important figures of speech in this chapter
Rhetorical Questions
The author uses several rhetorical questions in this chapter. These questions indicate that people did not have faith in Yahweh. Yahweh also uses rhetorical questions to show the people’s lack of faith. (See: Rhetorical Question and faith)
Numbers 14:3
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Why did Yahweh bring us to this land to die by the sword? (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion
The people use this question in order to complain and accuse Yahweh of treating them unfairly. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “Yahweh should not have brought us to this land only to die by the sword.”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: to die by the sword (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Here “the sword” represents either being killed by the sword or being killed in battle. Alternate translation: “to die when people attack us with swords” or “to die in battle” or
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Is it not better for us to return to Egypt? (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion
The people use this question to encourage people to agree with them that it would be better to return to Egypt. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “It would be better for us to return to Egypt than to try to conquer Canaan.”
Numbers 14:4
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: They said to each another (0)This refers to the people of Israel.
Numbers 14:5
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: lay facedown (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction
Moses and Aaron did this to show that they were humbling themselves before God. They feared that God might punish the people for rebelling against him. Alternate translation: “lay facedown in humility to God” or “lay facedown to pray to God”
Numbers 14:6
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Nun … Jephunneh (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
These are names of men.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: who were some of those sent (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “who were some of those whom Moses sent”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: tore their clothes (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction
Tearing one’s clothes was a gesture indicating the person is very troubled and is mourning.
Numbers 14:8
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: The land flows with milk and honey (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
They spoke of the land being good for animals and plants as if the milk and honey from those animals and plants flowed through it. See how you translated this in Numbers 13:27. Alternate translation: “It is excellent for raising livestock and growing crops” or “It is very fertile land”
Numbers 14:9
you shall not rebel … and you shall not fear … You shall not fear them
Quote: אַל־תִּמְרֹדוּ֒ וְאַתֶּ֗ם אַל־תִּֽירְאוּ֙ & אַל־תִּירָאֻֽם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-declarative
In this verse, shall indicates a command. See the discussion of shall in the book introduction.
for they are our food
Quote: כִּ֥י לַחְמֵ֖נוּ הֵ֑ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Joshua and Caleb speak of destroying their enemies as easily as if they were eating bread. Alternate translation: “for we will destroy them as easily as we can eat food”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Their protection will be removed from them (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will remove their protection from them”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Their protection (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns
If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word protection, you can express the same idea with “protect.” Alternate translation: “Anyone that might protect them”
Numbers 14:11
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: How long must this people despise me? How long must they fail to trust me, despite all the signs … them? (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion
Yahweh uses these questions to show that he was angry and had lost patience with the people. They can be translated as statements. Alternate translation: “This people has despised me for too long. They have failed to trust me for too long, despite all the signs … them.”
Numbers 14:12
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: disinherit them (0)This may imply that he would destroy them, and some versions translate it that way. Alternate translation: “reject them from being my people”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: make from your own clan (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you
Here “your” is singular and refers to Moses.
Numbers 14:14
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: you are seen face to face (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
This could mean: (1) Moses speaks of God showing himself to his people as if God had allowed them to actually see his face. Alternate translation: “they have seen you” or (2) Moses speaks of the intimate relationship between him and God as if Moses could see God’s face when God spoke to him. Alternate translation: “you speak directly to me”
Numbers 14:15
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: as one man (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Killing them all at the same time is spoken of as killing them as one person. Alternate translation: “all at one time”
Numbers 14:18
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: abundant in covenant faithfulness (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns
If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word faithfulness, you can express the same idea with “faithful” or “faithfully.” Alternate translation: “always faithful to his covenant” or “always faithfully loves his people”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: He will by no means clear the guilty (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Clearing away people’s sin is a metaphor for refusing to punish them. God would not clear away the sin of guilty people. Alternate translation: “He will always punish the guilty”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: when he brings the punishment of the ancestors’ sin on their descendants (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Punishing people is spoken of as if punishment were an object that could be brought and put on people. Alternate translation: “when he punishes the guilty people’s descendants for the guilty people’s sins”
Numbers 14:21
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: all the earth will be filled with my glory (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “my glory will fill all the earth”
Numbers 14:22
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: they have still tempted me (0)Alternate translation: “they have continued to test me”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: these ten times (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
Here the number 10 represents too many times. Alternate translation: “too many times”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: have not listened to my voice (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Here “listened” represents obedience, and God’s voice represents what he said. Alternate translation: “have not obeyed what I have said”
Numbers 14:24
because another spirit is with him
Quote: עֵ֣קֶב הָֽיְתָ֞ה ר֤וּחַ אַחֶ֨רֶת֙ עִמּ֔וֹ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Here, spirit represents his attitude. Caleb was willing to obey God. What his attitude was can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “because he has a different attitude”
Numbers 14:27
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: How long must I tolerate this evil community that criticizes me? (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion
Yahweh asks this question because he has lost patience with the people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “I have tolerated this evil community who has criticized me long enough.”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: I have heard the complaining of the people of Israel (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns
The word “complaining,” an abstract noun, can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: “I have heard the people of Israel complain”
Numbers 14:28
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: as you have spoken in my hearing (0)Alternate translation: “as I have heard you say”
Numbers 14:29
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Your dead bodies will fall (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Their dead bodies falling represents them dying. Alternate translation: “You will die”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: you who were counted in the census (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you whom Moses counted in the census”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: from twenty years old and upward (0)Alternate translation: “twenty years old and older”
Numbers 14:32
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: your dead bodies will fall (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Their dead bodies falling represents them dying. Alternate translation: “you will die”
Numbers 14:33
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Your children will be shepherds in the wilderness (0)Some modern versions choose to translate, “Your children will wander in the wilderness.” This is because in ancient times, shepherds usually wandered from place to place so their flocks and herds could find pasture.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: They must bear the consequences of your acts (0)Alternate translation: “They must suffer the consequences of your acts” or “They must suffer because of your acts”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: until the end of your corpses (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
A corpse is a dead body. The end of their corpses represents the last of the them dying. Alternate translation: “until the last one of you dies” or “until all of you die”
Numbers 14:34
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: bear the consequences of your sins (0)Alternate translation: “suffer the consequences of your sins” or “suffer because of your sins”
Numbers 14:35
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: They will be completely cut off (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
This probably means that they will no longer exist. Alternate translation: “they will come to an end” or “they will all be destroyed”
Numbers 14:37
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: these men who had brought out a bad report about the land were struck down, and they died of a plague before Yahweh (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
The phrase “plague before Yahweh” shows that Yahweh struck them down. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Yahweh struck down these men who had brought out a bad report about the land, and they died”
Numbers 14:40
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Look, we are here (0)They use these words to emphasize that they have changed their minds and now want to do what they should have done the day before. Your language may have a different way of showing this.
Numbers 14:41
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Why are you now violating Yahweh’s command? (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion
Moses asks this question to rebuke the people of Israel. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should not be violating Yahweh’s command again.”
Numbers 14:42
You shall not go up
Quote: אַֽל־תַּעֲל֔וּ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-declarative
Here, shall not indicates a negative command. See the discussion of shall not in the book introduction.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Yahweh is not with you (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Helping them is spoken of as being with them. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will not help you”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: to prevent you from being defeated by your enemies (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “to prevent your enemies from defeating you” or “to give you victory over your enemies”
Numbers 14:43
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: you will die by the sword (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Here “the sword” refers to battle. Alternate translation: “you will die in battle” or “they will kill you when you fight against them”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: you turned back from following Yahweh (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Obeying Yahweh is spoken of as following him, and stopping doing that is spoken of as turning away from him. Alternate translation: “you stopped obeying Yahweh” or “you have decided not to obey Yahweh”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: he will not be with you (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Helping them is spoken of as being with them. Alternate translation: “he will not help you”
Numbers 14:44
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: they presumed to go up into the hill country (0)Alternate translation: “they dared to go up into the hill country even though God did not approve”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: into the hill country (0)Much of the land of Israel is elevated. When the Israelites crossed the Jordan River valley to attack the Canaanites, there were hills that they had to climb in order to go farther into the land of Canaan.
Numbers 15
Numbers 15 General Notes
Special concepts in this chapter
Purifying the people
As the people travel through the wilderness, Yahweh is purifying them. He is doing this so that they are able to enter into the Promised Land. (See: pure, purify, purification and Promised Land)
Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter
Prostitution
The imagery of prostitution is commonly used in Scripture to indicate that Yahweh alone is to be worshiped. The people are compared to the prostitute because a husband is to only have a sexual relationship with his wife. Both the prostitute and the worship of other gods are violations of this exclusive relationship. Many cultures will struggle with this imagery because of a desire to use euphemisms. (See: god, false god, goddess, idol, idolater, idolatrous, idolatry and Euphemism)
Numbers 15:1
General Information:
Numbers 15:1–32 tells what God told Moses to tell the people of Israel.
Numbers 15:3
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: to produce a pleasing aroma for Yahweh from the herd or the flock (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
The Lord’s pleasure with the aroma represents his pleasure with the person who burns the offering. Alternate translation: “to please Yahweh by burning a sacrifice from the herd or the flock”
Numbers 15:4
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: a burnt offering (0)This refers to the offerings spoken of in Numbers 15:3.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: a tenth of an ephah (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume
An ephah is a unit of volume equal to about 22 liters. Alternate translation: “about 2 liters” or “two liters”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: one-fourth of a hin (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume
A hin is a unit of volume equal to about 3.7 liters. Alternate translation: “about 1 liter” or “one liter”
Numbers 15:6
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: two-tenths of an ephah (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume
An ephah is a unit of volume equal to about 22 liters. Alternate translation: “4 liters” or “four and a half liters”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: a third of a hin (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume
A hin is a unit of volume equal to about 3.7 liters. Alternate translation: “one liter”
Numbers 15:7
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: It will produce a sweet aroma for Yahweh (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
The Lord’s pleasure with the aroma represents his pleasure with the person who burns the offering. Alternate translation: “You will please Yahweh by offering it”
Numbers 15:9
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: three-tenths of an ephah (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume
You may convert this to a modern measure. Alternate translation: “six and one half liters”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: half a hin (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume
You may convert this to a modern measure Alternate translation: “two liters”
Numbers 15:10
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: made by fire (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that you burn on the altar”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: to produce a sweet aroma for Yahweh (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
The Lord being pleased with the sincere worshiper who offers the sacrifice is spoken of as if God were pleased with the aroma of the sacrifice. Alternate translation: “to please Yahweh by offering it”
Numbers 15:11
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: It must be done (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “You must do it”
Numbers 15:12
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: must be done as described (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you must do as I have described”
Numbers 15:13
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: made by fire (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that they burn on the altar”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: to produce an aroma that is pleasing to Yahweh (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Yahweh being pleased with the sincere worshiper who offers the sacrifice is spoken of as if Yahweh were pleased with the aroma of the sacrifice. Alternate translation: “to please Yahweh by offering it”
Numbers 15:14
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: he must make an offering made by fire (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “he must burn an offering on the altar”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: to produce a sweet aroma for Yahweh (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
The Lord being pleased with the sincere worshiper who offers the sacrifice is spoken of as if God were pleased with the aroma of the sacrifice. Alternate translation: “to please Yahweh by offering it”
Numbers 15:15
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: As you are, so also must be the traveler (0)This could mean: (1) “You and the traveler staying with you are alike before Yahweh” or (2) “The same law applies to both you and the traveler”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: He must act as you act before Yahweh (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
Because it says that they must act as the Israelites in Yahweh’s presence, it is implied that they must obey all of Yahweh’s commands. Alternate translation: “he must act as you act and obey all of Yahweh’s commands”
Numbers 15:19
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the food produced in the land (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the food that the land produces” or “the food that you produce in the land”
Numbers 15:20
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the first of your dough (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
This could mean: (1) the first grain that they would gather during the harvest or (2) the dough that they would make from the first of their grain.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: a loaf (0)Calling it a loaf implies that they would cooked the dough first.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: to raise it up as a raised offering (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
This idiom “raise it up” refers to offering it as a gift. Alternate translation: “to offer it as a gift”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: a raised offering from the threshing floor (0)The offering is spoken of as being from the threshing floor because this is where they would separate the grain from the other parts of the plant.
Numbers 15:22
General Information:
The word “you” here refers to Israelite people.
Numbers 15:24
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: to produce a sweet aroma for Yahweh (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
The Lord being pleased with the sincere worshipers who offer the sacrifice is spoken of as if God were pleased with the aroma of the sacrifice. Alternate translation: “to please Yahweh by burning it”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: must be made a grain offering and drink offering (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you must make a grain offering and drink offering”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: as commanded by the decree (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “as the decree commands” or “as I commanded when I made the decree”
Numbers 15:25
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: They will be forgiven (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “I will forgive them”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: made by fire (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that they made by fire” or “that they burned on the altar”
Numbers 15:26
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: all the community of the people of Israel will be forgiven (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “I will forgive all the community of the people of Israel”
Numbers 15:27
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: a female goat a year old (0)Alternate translation: “a 1-year-old female goat”
Numbers 15:28
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: That person will be forgiven when atonement has been made (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “I will forgive that person when the priest has made atonement”
Numbers 15:30
and that person shall be cut off from the midst of his people
Quote: וְנִכְרְתָ֛ה הַנֶּ֥פֶשׁ הַהִ֖וא מִקֶּ֥רֶב עַמָּֽהּ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
The metaphor cut off could mean: (1) he must be sent away from Israel. (2) he must not be considered a member of the people of Israel anymore. (3) he must be killed.
and that person shall be cut off from the midst of his people
Quote: וְנִכְרְתָ֛ה הַנֶּ֥פֶשׁ הַהִ֖וא מִקֶּ֥רֶב עַמָּֽהּ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “And his people must send him away” or “And I will no longer consider him to be one of the people of Israel” or “And you must kill him”
Numbers 15:31
has broken his commandment
Quote: מִצְוָת֖וֹ הֵפַ֑ר (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Not obeying a commandment of Yahweh is spoken of as breaking it. Alternate translation: “has disobeyed my commandment” or “has not obeyed what I commanded”
His iniquity shall be on him
Quote: עֲוֺנָ֥ה בָֽהּ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Here, iniquity could refer to: (1) the punishment for that sin or (2) the guilt of that sin.
His iniquity shall be on him
Quote: עֲוֺנָ֥ה בָֽהּ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Here, iniquity being on him is a metaphor that could mean: (1) he is being punished. Alternate translation: “I will punish him because of his sin” (2) he is guilty. Alternate translation: “I will consider him guilty”
Numbers 15:34
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: it had not been declared what should be done with him (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Yahweh had not declared what they should do with him”
Numbers 15:35
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: The man must surely be put to death (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “You must surely put the man to death” or “The man must surely die”
Numbers 15:38
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the descendants of Israel (0)Alternate translation: “the people of Israel”
Numbers 15:39
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: to carry them out (0)Alternate translation: “to obey them”
And you shall not explore after your heart and after your eyes
Quote: וְלֹֽא־ תָתֻ֜רוּ אַחֲרֵ֤י לְבַבְכֶם֙ וְאַחֲרֵ֣י עֵֽינֵיכֶ֔ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Here, explore after is a metaphor for thinking about something. Alternate translation: “so that you do not think about whatever your heart and eyes want”
And you shall not explore after your heart and after your eyes
Quote: וְלֹֽא־ תָתֻ֜רוּ אַחֲרֵ֤י לְבַבְכֶם֙ וְאַחֲרֵ֣י עֵֽינֵיכֶ֔ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Here the heart represents what a person wants, and the eyes represent what a person sees and wants. Alternate translation: “And you must not think about whatever you want”
them which you are prostituting after
Quote: אֲשֶׁר־ אַתֶּ֥ם זֹנִ֖ים אַחֲרֵיהֶֽם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Being unfaithful to God by choosing to do whatever they want is spoken of as if they were women who were unfaithful to their husband by choosing to have sinful relationships with other men.
them which you are prostituting after
Quote: אֲשֶׁר־ אַתֶּ֥ם זֹנִ֖ים אַחֲרֵיהֶֽם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
It can be stated clearly that this was a shameful thing to do. Alternate translation: “and be shamefully unfaithful to me” or “and do those things instead of obeying me”
Numbers 15:40
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: call to mind (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “remember”
Numbers 15:41
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: I am Yahweh your God (0)This clause is repeated for emphasis.
Numbers 16
Numbers 16 General Notes
Special concepts in this chapter
Rebellion and punishment
A certain Levite and a few men from the tribe of Reuben claimed that they were just as good as Moses and Aaron, and they also could do the work of sacrificing animals at the sacred tent. So Moses told them to come to the sacred tent and burn incense to Yahweh. God then made the earth open and swallow up these leaders and their families. He also sent fire to destroy 250 other men who had joined with those leaders. These actions showed that only the Levites, those whom Yahweh appointed, could be priests. Also, it taught the people that to rebel against Yahweh’s anointed was to rebel against Yahweh. (See: appoint, appointed and priest, priesthood and anoint, anointed, anointing)
Numbers 16:1
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Kohath (0)See how you translated this man’s name in Numbers 3:17.
Numbers 16:2
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: rose up against Moses (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Rebelling or criticizing someone in authority is spoken of as if they were standing up to fight. Alternate translation: “rebelled against Moses”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: two hundred and fifty (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “250”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: well-known members in the community (0)Alternate translation: “famous members of the community” or “important men in the community”
Numbers 16:3
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: You have gone too far (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
This represents doing more than one should. Alternate translation: “You have done more than you should” or “You assume to have more authority than you should”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Why do you lift up yourselves above the rest of Yahweh’s community? (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion
The men ask this question to rebuke Moses and Aaron. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “You are wrong to lift up yourselves above the rest of Yahweh’s community.”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: lift up yourselves above the rest (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Considering someone to be important is spoken of as lifting it up. Alternate translation: “consider yourselves more important than the rest”
Numbers 16:4
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: he lay facedown (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction
This indicates that Moses was humbling himself before God. He was afraid that God would punish the people for rebelling against God and his chosen leaders.
Numbers 16:5
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: who is set apart to him (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “whom Yahweh has set apart for himself”
Numbers 16:6
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: censers (0)containers in which to burn incense
Numbers 16:7
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: before Yahweh (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
This is an idiom. Alternate translation: “in Yahweh’s presence”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: that man will be set apart to Yahweh (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will set apart that man for himself”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: You have gone too far (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
This represents doing more than one should. Alternate translation: “You have done more than you should” or “You assume to have more authority than you should”
Numbers 16:9
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: is it a small thing for you … to serve them? (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion
Moses uses this question to rebuke Korah and the men with him. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “You behave as though it is a small thing for you … to serve them!” or “You should not consider it a small thing … to serve them!”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: a small thing for you (0)Alternate translation: “not enough for you” or “unimportant to you”
Numbers 16:10
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: you are seeking the priesthood also (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Wanting to have the priesthood is spoken of as if they were looking for it. Alternate translation: “you want to have the priesthood too” or “you want to be priests also”
Numbers 16:11
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Who is Aaron that you grumble against him? (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion
Moses uses this question to show them that when they complain about what Aaron does, they are really complaining against Yahweh, because Aaron was doing what Yahweh told him to do. Alternate translation: “You are not really complaining about Aaron, but about Yahweh, whom Aaron obeys!”
Numbers 16:13
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Is it a small thing that you have brought us … to kill us in the wilderness? (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion
Dathan and Abiram use this question to rebuke Moses. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “You behave as though it was a small thing for you to bring us … and kill us in the wilderness.”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: a small thing (0)Alternate translation: “not enough” or “unimportant”
from a land flowing with milk and honey
Quote: מֵאֶ֨רֶץ זָבַ֤ת חָלָב֙ וּדְבַ֔שׁ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
They spoke of the land being good for animals and plants as if the milk and honey from those animals and plants were flowing through the land. See how you translated this in Numbers 14:8. Alternate translation: “from a land that is excellent for raising livestock and growing crops” or “from a very fertile land”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: to kill us (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole
The people exaggerate because they will hold Moses responsible if any of them die. Alternate translation: “to have us die”
Numbers 16:14
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: as an inheritance (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
They spoke of what God would give them to be theirs forever as if it were an inheritance.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Now do you want to blind us with empty promises? (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion
The people used this question to accuse Moses. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “Now you want to blind us with empty promises.”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: to blind us (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Deceiving people is spoken of as making them blind. Alternate translation: “to deceive us”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: with empty promises (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
They speak of promises that are not kept as if they are empty containers. Alternate translation: “with promises that you do not keep” or “by promising to do things that you do not do”
Numbers 16:15
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: I have not taken one donkey from them (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche
One donkey here represents anything that a person my take from someone else. Alternate translation: “I have not taken anything from them, not even one donkey”
Numbers 16:17
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: censer (0)a container in which to burn incense
Numbers 16:21
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: that I may consume them (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Destroying them is spoken of as if God were to eat them. Alternate translation: “that I may destroy them” or “and I will destroy them”
Numbers 16:22
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: lay facedown (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction
This shows that Moses and Aaron were humbling themselves before God.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the God of the spirits of all humanity (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Here “spirits” represents the ability to live. Alternate translation: “the God who gives life to all humanity”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: if one man sins, must you be angry with all the community? (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion
Moses and Aaron use this question to plead with God for the people. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “please do not be angry with all the community because one man sins”
Numbers 16:26
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: you will be consumed (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Being destroyed is spoken of as if they would be eaten. Alternate translation: “you will be destroyed”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: you will be consumed by all their sins (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Being destroyed because of their sins is spoken of as if the sins would destroy them. Alternate translation: “you will be destroyed because of all their sins”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: you will be consumed by all their sins (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “all their sins will destroy you” or “Yahweh will destroy you because of all their sins”
Numbers 16:28
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: By this you will know (0)Here “this” refers to what Moses will say next.
Numbers 16:30
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the earth opens its mouth and swallows them (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile
Moses speaks as if the earth were alive and the opening in the ground into which these people would fall were a large mouth that would eat them. Alternate translation: “and they fall into it and are buried underneath the ground”
Numbers 16:32
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: The earth opened its mouth and swallowed them (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Moses speaks of the earth as if it were alive, and the hole that the people fell into as if it were the earth’s mouth. Alternate translation: “The earth opened up like a large mouth, and they fell into it and were buried in it” or “There was a giant hole in the ground, and they fell into it and were buried in it”
Numbers 16:33
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: went down alive into Sheol (0)A similar phrase occurs in Numbers 16:30. See how you translated it there.
Numbers 16:34
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: They exclaimed (0)Alternate translation: “They” refers to “All Israel.”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: The earth may swallow us up also (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
The people speak of the earth as if it were alive. Alternate translation: “The earth might open up and we too will fall into it” or “If the earth opens up again, we too will fall into it and be buried”
Numbers 16:35
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: fire flashed out from Yahweh and devoured the 250 men (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Being destroyed by fire is spoken of as if they were eaten by the fire. Alternate translation: “fire flashed out from Yahweh and destroyed the 250 men”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: 250 men (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “two hundred and fifty men”
Numbers 16:37
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: out of the flames (0)This refers to the flames that burned the 250 men.
Numbers 16:38
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: those who lost their lives (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Losing their lives represents dying. Alternate translation: “those who died”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Let them be made (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
Here “them” refers to the censers. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Let Eleazar make them”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: they are set apart … They will be a sign (0)Here “they” and “They” refer to the censers.
Numbers 16:39
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: that had been used by the men who were burned up (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that the men whom the fire had burned up had used”
Numbers 16:42
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Then it happened (0)This phrase is used here to mark an important event in the story. If your language has a way for doing this, you could consider using it here.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: had assembled against Moses and Aaron (0)Alternate translation: “had assembled to complain against Moses and Aaron”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: behold, the cloud (0)Here “behold” shows that the people were surprised by what they saw. Alternate translation: “suddenly, the cloud”
Numbers 16:45
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: so that I may consume them (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
God speaks of destroying them as if he would eat them. Alternate translation: “so that I may destroy them” or “and I will destroy them”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: lay down with their faces to the ground (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction
This indicates that Moses and Aaron are humbling themselves before God.
Numbers 16:46
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: anger is coming from Yahweh (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Anger coming from God represents God showing his anger. Alternate translation: “Yahweh is showing us his anger” or “Yahweh is very angry and is acting according to his anger”
Numbers 16:47
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: he put in the incense (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Putting the incense in the censer here represents burning it. Alternate translation: “he burned the incense”
Numbers 16:48
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the plague was stopped (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the plague stopped spreading”
Numbers 16:49
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: 14,700 in number (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “fourteen thousand seven hundred in number”
Numbers 17
Numbers 17 General Notes
Special concepts in this chapter
Which tribe should be special workers for God?
God told Moses that each tribe should bring one wooden staff and leave it overnight at the temple. The next day Aaron’s staff representing the tribe of Levi bloomed and produced ripe almond nuts. This showed that the tribe of Levi was still the tribe chosen to be Yahweh’s priests. (See: chosen, choose, chosen people, Chosen One, elect and priest, priesthood)
Numbers 17:2
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: twelve (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “12”
Numbers 17:3
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Levi’s staff (0)The name Levi here refers to the tribe of Levi.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: for each leader from his ancestors’ tribe (0)Here “his” refers to “each leader.”
Numbers 17:4
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the covenant decrees (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche
The phrase “the covenant decrees” refers to the box that held the tablets that the covenant decrees were written on. Alternate translation: “the ark of the covenant” or “the box that holds the covenant decrees”
Numbers 17:5
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the staff of the man whom I choose will bud (0)Alternate translation: “buds will start to grow on the staff of the man whom I choose”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: cause the complaints from the people of Israel to stop, which they are speaking against you (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns
Here “complaints” is an abstract noun that can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: “make the people of Israel stop complaining against you”
Numbers 17:6
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: selected from each of the ancestral tribes (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “whom Moses selected from each of the ancestor’s tribes”
Numbers 17:7
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the tent of the covenant decrees (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche
The phrase “the covenant decrees” refers to the box that held the tablets that the covenant decrees were written on. Alternate translation: “the tent of the covenant box” or “the tent that the covenant decrees are in”
Numbers 17:8
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: behold (0)The word “behold” here shows that something especially important has happened. You might have a similar word in your language.
Numbers 17:10
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the covenant decrees (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche
The phrase “the covenant decrees” refers to the box that held the tablets that the covenant decrees were written on. Alternate translation: “the ark of the covenant” or “the box that holds the covenant decrees”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: so that you may end complaints against me (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns
The word “complaints” is an abstract noun that can be expressed as a verb. Alternate translation: “so that you may stop them from complaining against me”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: or they will die (0)This is what would happen if the people were to continue complaining. God wanted to prevent this. Alternate translation: “so that they will not die”
Numbers 17:12
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: We will die here. We will all perish! (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism
These two phrases mean basically the same thing and are combined for emphasis.
Numbers 18
Numbers 18 General Notes
Special concepts in this chapter
Tithes and offerings
The tribes of Israel were required to bring a tithe to the Levites in order to free them to serve Yahweh as priests. There is a detailed description of what belonged to Yahweh in this chapter. (See: priest, priesthood)
Numbers 18:1
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: all sins committed against the sanctuary (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “all sins that anyone commits against the sanctuary”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: all sins committed by anyone in the priesthood (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “all sins that anyone in the priesthood commits”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: anyone in the priesthood (0)Alternate translation: “any priest”
Numbers 18:3
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: They must serve you (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you
Alternate translation: “They” refers to members of the tribe of Levi; the word “you” is singular and refers to Aaron.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: or they and also you will die (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns
Here “they” refers to any member of the tribe of Levi who comes “near to anything in the sanctuary;” the word “you” is plural and refers to both Aaron and the rest of the Levites who are serving in approved roles.
Numbers 18:4
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: They must join you (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you
Alternate translation: “They” refers to members of the tribe of Levi; the word “you” is singular and refers to Aaron.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: not come near you (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you
Here “you” is plural and refers to both Aaron and the rest of the Levites.
Numbers 18:5
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: You must take responsibility (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you
Here “you” is plural and refers to both Aaron and the rest of the Levites.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: so that my anger does not come on the people of Israel again (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
This could mean: (1) this represents God being extremely angry with his people. Alternate translation: “so that I do not become very angry with the people of Israel again” or (2) this represents God punishing them because of his anger. Alternate translation: “so that I do not punish the people of Israel again”
Numbers 18:6
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: They are a gift to you (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Yahweh appointing the Levites to help Aaron is spoken of as if they were a gift that Yahweh were giving to Aaron. Alternate translation: “They are like a gift to you”
ones given to Yahweh
Quote: נְתֻנִים֙ לַֽיהוָ֔ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Here, given to Yahweh represents being set apart to serve God. Alternate translation: “who have been set apart to serve me”
ones given to Yahweh
Quote: נְתֻנִים֙ לַֽיהוָ֔ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “which I have set apart for myself” or “and I have set them apart for myself”
Numbers 18:7
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: only you and your sons (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you
Here “you” and “your” are singular and refer to Aaron. Other occurrences of “you” and “your” are plural and refer to Aaron and his sons.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: exercise the priesthood (0)Alternate translation: “do the work of priests”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: everything inside the curtain (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Being inside the curtain represents being inside the room behind the curtain. Alternate translation: “everything in the room behind the curtain”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Any foreigner who approaches must be put to death (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Any foreigner who approaches must die” or “You must put to death any foreigner who approaches”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: who approaches (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
What they should not approach can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “who approaches the sacred things”
Numbers 18:8
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: I have given these offerings to you (0)God speaks as if he had already done this because it is a decision that he had already made. Alternate translation: “I give these offerings to you”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: as your ongoing share (0)A share is a portion of something that someone receives. Alternate translation: “as the portion that you will continually receive”
Numbers 18:9
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: kept from the fire (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that you do not completely burn on the altar”
Numbers 18:12
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the firstfruits (0)This refers to the first of the best oil, wine, and grain that they harvest.
Numbers 18:13
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Everyone who is clean in your family (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Being acceptable to God is spoken of as if they were clean. Alternate translation: “Everyone in your family who is acceptable to me”
Numbers 18:15
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Everything that opens the womb, all the firstborn (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism
These two phrases mean basically the same thing. Alternate translation: “Every firstborn male”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Everything that opens the womb (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
The idiom “opens the womb” means to be the first male that a mother gives birth to.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the people must certainly buy back every firstborn son (0)Instead of sacrificing their firstborn sons, people had to pay the priests for their sons.
Numbers 18:16
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Those that are to be bought back by the people must be bought back after becoming one month old (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “The people must buy them back when they become one month old”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Those that are to be bought back (0)Most likely this refers only to firstborn humans that must be bought back and not to firstborn unclean animals.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: five shekels … which equals twenty gerahs (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight
If it is necessary to use modern weight units, here are two ways of doing it. Alternate translation: “five pieces of silver … each of which equals ten grams” or “fifty grams of silver, using the standard weights that are used in the sanctuary”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: five shekels (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
A shekel is a unit of weight. What was weighed can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “five shekels of silver”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: sanctuary shekel (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bweight
There were shekels of different weights. This is the one that people had to use in the sanctuary of the sacred tent. It weighed twenty gerahs, which was about 11 grams.
Numbers 18:17
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: You must sprinkle their blood (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
That he must kill the animals first can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “You must kill them and sprinkle their blood”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: made by fire (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that you make by fire” or “that you burn with fire on the altar”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: an aroma pleasing to Yahweh (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
The Lord’s pleasure with the aroma represents his pleasure with the person who burns the offering. Alternate translation: “and Yahweh will be pleased with you”
Numbers 18:18
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the raised breast and the right thigh (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the breast and the right thigh that you lift up as a gift to me”
Numbers 18:19
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: I have given to you (0)God speaks as if he had already done this because it is a decision that he had already made. Alternate translation: “I give to you”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: as a continual share (0)A share is a portion of something that someone receives. Alternate translation: “as the portion that you will continually receive”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: an everlasting covenant of salt … a binding covenant forever (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism
The two phrases refer to the same thing. Together they emphasize that the covenant will endure forever. Alternate translation: “an agreement forever”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: an everlasting covenant of salt (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction
Salt represented permanence and was used in offerings and covenant meals. Alternate translation: “a permanent covenant” or “an everlasting covenant”
Numbers 18:20
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: You will have no inheritance in the people’s land (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
God speaks of the land that the other people will possess as if they will inherit it. Alternate translation: “You will not possess any of the people’s land” or “You will not receive any of the land that the Israelites will possess”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: I am your share and inheritance (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
God speaks of the great honor that Aaron and his descendants will have by serving him as priests as if God were something that they will inherit. Alternate translation: “Instead, I am what you will have” or “Instead, I will allow you to serve me and I will provide for you through that service”
Numbers 18:21
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: look, I have given (0)The word “look” here adds emphasis to what follows. Alternate translation: “indeed, I have given”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: as their inheritance (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
God speaks of what Aaron and his descendants will receive as if they will inherit it. Alternate translation: “as their portion of what I give to all Israel”
Numbers 18:23
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Among the people of Israel they must have no inheritance (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
God speaks of the land that the other people of Israel will possess as if they will inherit it. The Levites would not receive any of the land. Alternate translation: “they must not have any of the land that the other people of Israel receive”
Numbers 18:24
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: as their inheritance (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
God speaks of what Aaron and his descendants will receive as if they will inherit it. Alternate translation: “as their portion of what I give to all Israel”
Numbers 18:26
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: When you receive from the people of Israel the tenth that I have given to you from them (0)The people of Israel would offer Yahweh a tenth of their crops and animals, and Yahweh would give that to the Levites.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: for your inheritance (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
God speaks of what Aaron and his descendants will receive as if they will inherit it. Alternate translation: “as your portion of what I give to all Israel”
Numbers 18:27
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Your contribution must be considered by you (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “You must consider your contribution”
Numbers 18:28
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: you must give his contribution to Aaron the priest (0)Here “his” refers to Yahweh. It was Yahweh’s contribution in the sense that they had to give it to Yahweh. Alternate translation: “you must give Aaron the priest the contribution that you owe Yahweh”
Numbers 18:29
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: that have been given to you (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that the people of Israel give to you”
Numbers 18:30
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the best of it (0)Alternate translation: “the best of what you have received from the people of Israel”
Numbers 18:31
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the rest of your gifts (0)The “gifts” are the offerings that the Israelites give to God and that the Levites receive from them.
Numbers 18:32
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: You will not incur any guilt by eating and drinking it (0)Alternate translation: “You will not be guilty when you eat and drink it”
Numbers 19
Numbers 19 General Notes
Special concepts in this chapter
Ritually clean
This chapter talks about being clean. Some of these rituals were required to make a priest clean in order to set them apart to serve Yahweh. Other rituals were required because they prevented people from getting sick. (See: clean, wash)
Numbers 19:2
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: a statute, a law (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet
These two words share similar meanings. Alternate translation: “a statute of the law” or “a legal statute”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: bring to you (0)Here “you” is singular and refers to Moses.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: flaw or blemish (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet
These two words mean basically the same thing and emphasize that this animal is to have no imperfections.
Numbers 19:5
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: in his sight (0)Alternate translation: “in his view” or “so he could see it”
Numbers 19:6
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: priest must take cedarwood (0)Alternate translation: “The priest” refers to Eleazar.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: scarlet wool (0)Alternate translation: “red wool”
Numbers 19:7
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Then he must wash his clothes (0)Here “he” refers to Eleazar the priest.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: he will remain unclean (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Being unacceptable to God or unfit to do any sacred work is spoken of as not being clean.
Numbers 19:9
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Someone who is clean (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Being acceptable to God and fit to do sacred work is spoken of as being clean.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: These ashes must be kept (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “You must keep these ashes”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: in a clean place (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Being acceptable to God is spoken of as being clean.
Numbers 19:10
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: He will remain unclean (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Being unacceptable to God or unfit to do any sacred work is spoken of as not being clean.
Numbers 19:11
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorGeneral Information:
The ideas of “clean” and “purify” represent being acceptable to God. The ideas of “unclean,” “defile,” “impurity,” and “uncleanness” represent not being acceptable to God.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the dead body of any man (0)Alternate translation: “the dead body of any person”
Numbers 19:12
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: purify himself (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
The person would ask someone who is clean to purify him by sprinkling on him some water mixed with the cows ashes. Asking someone to purify him is spoken of as if he were to purify himself. Alternate translation: “ask someone to purify him”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: if he does not purify himself the third day, then he will not be clean on the seventh day (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives
This can be stated in a positive form. Alternate translation: “he will be clean on the seventh day only if he purifies himself the third day”
Numbers 19:13
and that person shall be cut off from Israel
Quote: וְנִכְרְתָ֛ה הַנֶּ֥פֶשׁ הַהִ֖וא מִיִּשְׂרָאֵ֑ל (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Here the phrase be cut off means to be disowned and sent away. See how you translated this in Numbers 9:13. Alternate translation: “And that person must be sent away” or “And you must send that person away”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the water for impurity was not sprinkled on him (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “no one sprinkled the water for impurity on him”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the water for impurity (0)Alternate translation: “the water that is sprinkled on impure things to make them pure” or “the water for making things pure”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: He will remain unclean; his uncleanness will remain on him (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism
These two phrases mean basically the same thing and are combined for emphasis.
Numbers 19:14
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorGeneral Information:
The idea of “unclean” represents not being acceptable to God or fit for use.
Numbers 19:15
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Every open container with no cover becomes unclean (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives
This can be stated in a positive form. Alternate translation: “Open containers will remain clean only if they have covers”
Numbers 19:16
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: someone who has been killed with a sword (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “someone whom someone else has killed with a sword”
Numbers 19:17
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorGeneral Information:
The idea of “unclean” represents not being acceptable to God or fit for use.
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorGeneral Information:
The ideas of “clean” and “purify” here represent being acceptable to God.
Numbers 19:20
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphorGeneral Information:
The ideas of “clean” and “purify” represent being acceptable to God and making something acceptable to God. The ideas of “unclean,” “defile,” and “impurity,” represent not being acceptable to God, making something unacceptable to God, and the state of being unacceptable to God.
that person shall be cut off
Quote: וְנִכְרְתָ֛ה הַנֶּ֥פֶשׁ הַהִ֖וא (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Here the phrase be cut off means to be disowned and sent away. See how you translated this in Numbers 9:13. Alternate translation: “that person must be sent away” or “you must send that person away”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: The water for impurity has not been sprinkled on him (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “No one has sprinkled the water for impurity on him”
Numbers 19:21
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the water for impurity (0)See how you translated this in Numbers 19:13. Alternate translation: “the water that is sprinkled on impure things to make them pure” or “the water for making things pure”
Numbers 20
Numbers 20 General Notes
Special concepts in this chapter
Moses’ sin
God told Moses to command water to come out of a rock for the people who were complaining that they had no water. Moses became angry with the people and hit the rock twice. God told him that he and Aaron would not be allowed to go into Canaan because he disobeyed by hitting the rock instead of just speaking to it. (See: sin, sinful, sinner, sinning)
Important figures of speech in this chapter
“It would have been better if we had died when our fellow Israelites died in front of Yahweh”
It is possible that this statement should be taken as hyperbole, but it does not have to be taken this way. The translator should probably avoid treating this as hyperbole. (See: Hyperbole)
Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter
Wilderness of Sin
Sin is the name of a place in this chapter. It is not a place that is known for its sin. The name is not related to the meaning of the word “sin.” (See: sin, sinful, sinner, sinning)
Numbers 20:1
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the wilderness of Zin (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-transliterate
The word “Zin” here is the Hebrew name of the wilderness.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the first month (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths
This is the first month of the Hebrew calendar. It marks when God rescued the Israelites from the Egyptians. The first month is during the last part of March and the first part of April on the Western calendar.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: was buried (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “they buried her”
Numbers 20:2
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: they assembled (0)Here “they” refers to the community.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: assembled together (0)Alternate translation: “came as a mob”
Numbers 20:3
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: in front of Yahweh (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
This represents being in front of Yahweh’s tent.
Numbers 20:4
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Connecting Statement: (0)Connecting Statement:
The people of Israel continue to complain to Moses and Aaron.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Why have you brought Yahweh’s community into this wilderness to die here, we and our animals? (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion
The people use this question in order to complain against Moses and Aaron. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should not have brought Yahweh’s community into this wilderness to die here, we and our animals.”
Numbers 20:5
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Why did you make us come up out of Egypt to bring us to this horrible place? (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion
The people use this question in order to complain against Moses and Aaron. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should not have made us leave Egypt to bring us to this horrible place.”
Numbers 20:6
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: lay facedown (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction
This indicates that Moses and Aaron are humbling themselves before God.
Numbers 20:8
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: before their eyes (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche
Here the people are represented by their “eyes” to emphasize what they see. Alternate translation: “while they watch you”
Numbers 20:9
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: from before Yahweh (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
This represents Yahweh’s tent. Alternate translation: “from Yahweh’s tent”
Numbers 20:10
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Must we bring water out of this rock for you? (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion
Moses asks this question out of frustration to rebuke the people for complaining. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “You complain that there is no water. Well, we will make water come out of this rock.” or “You would not be happy even if we caused water to come out of this rock. But I will do it anyway.”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Must we bring (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive
Here “we” refers to Moses and Aaron and may include Yahweh, but does not include the people.
Numbers 20:12
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Because you did not trust me or honor me as holy in the eyes of the people of Israel (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
How Moses showed that he did not trust and honor God can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: “Because you did not trust me or honor me as holy in the eyes of the people of Israel, but struck the rock instead of speaking to it as I told you”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: in the eyes of the people of Israel (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche
Here the people are represented by their “eyes” to emphasize what they see. Alternate translation: “while the people of Israel were watching you”
Numbers 20:13
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: This place was called (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “People called this place”
Numbers 20:14
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Your brother Israel (0)Moses uses this phrase to emphasize that the Israelites and the Edomites are related because their ancestors, Jacob and Esau, were brothers.
Numbers 20:16
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: When we called out to Yahweh (0)Alternate translation: “When we prayed to Yahweh begging him to help us”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: he heard our voice (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Here “voice” represents their crying or what they said to him. Alternate translation: “he heard our cry” or “he heard what we asked for”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Look (0)The word “look” here shows that they have stopped speaking about the past and are now speaking about their present situation.
Numbers 20:17
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Connecting Statement: (0)Connecting Statement:
The messengers continue speaking to the king of Edom.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: We will not turn aside to the right hand or to the left (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Here “turn aside” represents leaving the road. Alternate translation: “We will not leave the road in any direction”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the king’s highway (0)This is the main road that connects Damascus in the north to the Gulf of Aqabah in the south.
Numbers 20:18
You may not pass through me, lest I go out to meet you with the sword
Quote: לֹ֥א תַעֲבֹ֖ר בִּ֑י פֶּן־ בַּחֶ֖רֶב אֵצֵ֥א לִקְרָאתֶֽךָ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you
Here, You and you are singular and refer to Moses.
You may not pass through me, lest I go out to meet you with the sword
Quote: לֹ֥א תַעֲבֹ֖ר בִּ֑י פֶּן־ בַּחֶ֖רֶב אֵצֵ֥א לִקְרָאתֶֽךָ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche
Here Moses represents the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “Your people may not pass through me, or i will go out to meet them with the sword”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: I will come with the sword (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Here the sword represents the king’s army. Alternate translation: “I will send my army”
Numbers 20:19
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the people of Israel (0)This phrase refers to the Israelite messengers.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: walk through on foot (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
This idiom means that they would simply travel through the area by walking. They would not come in chariots to attack the people of Edom.
Numbers 20:20
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the king of Edom came against Israel with a strong hand with many soldiers (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Here the hand represents the king’s powerful army. Alternate translation: “the king of Edom sent a strong army of many soldiers to attack Israel”
Numbers 20:21
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: cross over their border (0)Here “their” refers to the Edomites.
Numbers 20:22
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: The people of Israel, the whole community (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet
The phrase “the whole community” emphasizes that every person who was a part of “the people of Israel” was present, without exception.
Numbers 20:24
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Aaron must be gathered to his people (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism
This is a gentle way to say that Aaron must die. It means that it is time for Aaron to die and for his spirit to go to the place where his ancestors are. Alternate translation: “Aaron must die”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: rebelled against my word (0)Alternate translation: “refused to do what I said”
Numbers 20:26
shall be gathered and die there
Quote: יֵאָסֵ֖ף וּמֵ֥ת שָֽׁם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism
These two phrases mean basically the same thing. They mean that it is time for Aaron to die and for his spirit to go to the place where his ancestors are.
shall be gathered
Quote: יֵאָסֵ֖ף (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism
The phrase shall be gathered means that it is time for Aaron’s spirit to go to the place where his ancestors are. This is a polite way of speaking about his death.
Numbers 20:29
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: thirty days (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “30 days”
Numbers 21
Numbers 21 General Notes
Structure and formatting
Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 21:14–15, 17–18, 27–30.
Special concepts in this chapter
Ungrateful
The Israelites said, “Why have you brought us up out of Egypt to die in the wilderness? There is no bread, no water, and we hate this miserable food.” After all Yahweh had done, they were very ungrateful. This showed their lack of faith and trust in Yahweh. (See: faith and trust, trusted, trustworthy, trustworthiness)
Numbers 21:1
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: he fought against Israel (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Here “he fought” means that his army fought. Alternate translation: “his army fought against Israel”
Numbers 21:2
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Israel vowed (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
This refers to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “The people of Israel vowed” or “The Israelites made a vow”
Numbers 21:3
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: listened to Israel’s voice (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Here “listen” means that Yahweh did as they asked. Alternate translation: “did what Israel asked”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Israel’s voice (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Here “voice” is a metonym that refers to their request. Alternate translation: “what Israel asked”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: They completely destroyed them and their cities (0)Alternate translation: “The people of Israel completely destroyed the Canaanite army and their cities”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: That place was called Hormah (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “They called that place Hormah”
Numbers 21:5
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Why have you brought us up out of Egypt to die in the wilderness? (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion
The people used this question in order to rebuke Moses. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should not made us leave Egypt to die in the wilderness!”
Numbers 21:7
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: we have spoken against Yahweh and you (0)Alternate translation: “we have said bad things about Yahweh and you”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: we have spoken … from us (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive
The words “we” and “us” here refer to the people but not to Moses.
Numbers 21:8
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Make a snake (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
Since it is impossible for Moses to make a real snake, it is implied that he was to make a model of a snake. This implied information can be made clear. Alternate translation: “Make a model of a snake”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: everyone who is bitten (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “everyone whom a snake bites”
Numbers 21:9
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: a bronze snake (0)Alternate translation: “a snake out of bronze”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: if he looked at the bronze snake, he survived (0)Here “he” refers to “any person” who was bitten by a snake.
Numbers 21:11
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: that faces Moab (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
Here “faces” is an idiom that means “is across from” or “is next to.” Alternate translation: “that is next to Moab”
Numbers 21:13
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: forms the border of Moab, between Moab and the Amorites (0)This means that the two peoples lived on different sides of the river, which was a boundary between them. The Moabite people lived south of the river and the Amorites lived on the north.
Numbers 21:14
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Waheb in Suphah (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
These are both names of places.
Numbers 21:15
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the slope of the valleys that lead toward the town of Ar and lie along the border of Moab (0)Alternate translation: “the valleys that go downhill to the town of Ar and lie along the border of Moab”
Numbers 21:16
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: to Beer, the well (0)This can be stated as two sentences. Alternate translation: “to Beer. There was a well there”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: where Yahweh said to Moses, “Gather the people together for me to give them water.” (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations
This can be stated as an indirect quote. Alternate translation: “where Yahweh told Moses to gather the people together for him to give them water”
Numbers 21:17
Rise up, well
Quote: עֲלִ֥י בְאֵ֖ר (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Here, well represents the water in the well. Alternate translation: “Water, fill up the well”
Rise up, well
Quote: עֲלִ֥י בְאֵ֖ר (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification
The Israelites are speaking to the water in the well as if it were a person who could hear them, and they are asking for it to fill the well.
Numbers 21:18
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the well that our leaders dug, the well the nobles of the people dug (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism
These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize the role of the leaders in digging the well.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: with the scepter and their staffs (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
A scepter was carried by those with authority, and the staff was carried by everyone. Neither of these are digging tools. These two items emphasize that they were not too proud to use any means available. Alternate translation: “using even their scepter and staffs”
Numbers 21:19
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Nahaliel … Bamoth (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
These are the names of places.
Numbers 21:20
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Mount Pisgah (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
This is the name of a mountain.
and is looking down on the face of the wasteland
Quote: וְנִשְׁקָ֖פָה עַל־ פְּנֵ֥י הַיְשִׁימֹֽן (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
Here, looking down is an idiom. It is a way of saying that the mountain is high. Alternate translation: “and rises above the wilderness”
and is looking down on the face of the wasteland
Quote: וְנִשְׁקָ֖פָה עַל־ פְּנֵ֥י הַיְשִׁימֹֽן (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification
This speaks of the mountain as if it were a person who looks down to see the wilderness below him.
Numbers 21:21
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Then Israel (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Here “Israel” refers to the people of Israel, and especially to their leaders. Alternate translation: “Then the Israelites”
Numbers 21:22
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: We will not turn into any field or vineyard (0)Alternate translation: “We will not go into any of your fields or vineyards”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the king’s highway (0)This is the main road that connects Damascus in the north to the Gulf of Aqabah in the south. See how you translated this in Numbers 20:17.
Numbers 21:23
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: to pass through their border (0)Here “their” refers to the Amorites. Alternate translation: “to cross over their border”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Jahaz (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
This is the name of a place.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: he fought against Israel (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche
Here “he” refers to King Sihon who represents himself and his army. Alternate translation: “they fought against the Israelites”
Numbers 21:24
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Israel attacked (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Here “Israel” refers to the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “The Israelites attacked”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: with the edge of the sword (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
The “edge of the sword” is associated with death and complete destruction. Alternate translation: “and completely defeated them”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: took their land (0)Here the word “their” refers to the Amorites. Alternate translation: “conquered the land of the Amorites”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: was fortified (0)The Israelites did not attack the Ammonites. Alternate translation: “was strongly defended”
Numbers 21:25
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Heshbon and all of its villages (0)Here “its” is possessive to show that a relationship existed between the city of Heshbon and these nearby villages. Alternate translation: “Heshbon and the nearby villages that it controlled”
Numbers 21:26
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Sihon had taken all his land (0)Here “his” refers to the king of Moab.
Numbers 21:27
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Heshbon … city of Sihon (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism
These are two names that refer to the same city.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Let the city of Sihon be rebuilt and established again (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Let someone rebuild and establish again the city of Sihon”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: rebuilt and established (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet
These two terms are very similar and emphasize that the city will be fully rebuilt. Alternate translation: “completely rebuilt”
Numbers 21:28
For fire went out from Heshbon, a flame from the city of Sihon
Quote: כִּי־ אֵשׁ֙ יָֽצְאָ֣ה מֵֽחֶשְׁבּ֔וֹן לֶהָבָ֖ה מִקִּרְיַ֣ת סִיחֹ֑ן (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism
These two phrases mean basically the same thing and emphasize that destruction will begin at Heshbon.
For fire went out from Heshbon, a flame from the city of Sihon
Quote: כִּי־ אֵשׁ֙ יָֽצְאָ֣ה מֵֽחֶשְׁבּ֔וֹן לֶהָבָ֖ה מִקִּרְיַ֣ת סִיחֹ֑ן (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Here the destroying army is spoken of as if it were a fire. Alternate translation: “King Sihon led a strong army from the city of Heshbon”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: devoured Ar of Moab (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
The army of Sihon is spoken of as if it was an animal that ate up the city of Ar. Alternate translation: “destroyed the town of Ar in the land of Moab”
Numbers 21:29
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Moab … people of Chemosh (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism
These two phrases refer to the same people.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: people of Chemosh (0)Alternate translation: “Chemosh” was the name of the false god whom the Moabites worshiped. Alternate translation: “the people who worship Chemosh”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: He has made his sons (0)Alternate translation: “He” and “his” refer to Chemosh.
Numbers 21:30
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: we have conquered (0)Here “we” refers to the Israelites who defeated Sihon.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Heshbon is devastated (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “We have devastated Heshbon”
Heshbon has perished as far as Dibon. … as far as Nophah, which is as far as Medeba
Quote: אָבַ֥ד חֶשְׁבּ֖וֹן עַד־ דִּיב֑וֹן & עַד־ נֹ֔פַח אֲשֶׁ֖רׄ עַד־ מֵֽידְבָֽא (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
Heshbon, Dibon, Nophah, and Medeba are all places in Sihon’s kingdom.
Heshbon has perished as far as Dibon. … as far as Nophah, which is as far as Medeba
Quote: אָבַ֥ד חֶשְׁבּ֖וֹן עַד־ דִּיב֑וֹן & עַד־ נֹ֔פַח אֲשֶׁ֖רׄ עַד־ מֵֽידְבָֽא (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism
These places connected by as far as means the Israelites destroyed these places and everywhere in between—Sihon’s entire nation.
Numbers 21:32
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: drove out (0)Alternate translation: “chased away”
Numbers 21:33
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: went out against them (0)Alternate translation: “attacked them”
Numbers 21:34
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Do to him as you did to Sihon king of the Amorites (0)The Israelites had completely destroyed Sihon. Alternate translation: “Destroy him like you destroyed Sihon king of the Amorites”
Numbers 21:35
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: So they killed him (0)Alternate translation: “So the army of Israel killed Og”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: none of his people were left alive (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “all of his people were dead”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: they took over his land (0)Alternate translation: “they took control of his land”
Numbers 22
Numbers 22 General Notes
Structure and formatting
The chapter begins a section on Balaam. The king of Moab wanted the prophet Balaam to come and curse Israel. God told him not to go but he wanted to go; so God told him to say only what God wanted him to say. Yahweh was able to use Balaam, even though he was not a prophet of Yahweh. (See: prophet, prophecy, prophesy, seer, prophetess and curse, cursed, cursing)
Numbers 22:1
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: on the other side of the Jordan River from the city (0)The Israelites were camped on the east side of the Jordan River. Jericho was on the west side of the river.
Numbers 22:2
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Balak son of Zippor (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
Balak was king of Moab.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Zippor (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
Zippor is the father of Balak.
Numbers 22:3
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Moab was very afraid of the people … Moab was in terror of the people of Israel (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism
These two phrases mean the same thing, and emphasize how afraid Moab was.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Moab was very afraid (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Here “Moab” refers to the people of Moab. Alternate translation: “All of the Moabites were very afraid”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: because they were many (0)Alternate translation: “because there were many of them”
Numbers 22:4
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: The king of Moab said to the elders of Midian (0)The Moabites and the Midianites were two different groups of people, but the Midianites were living in the land of Moab at that time.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: This multitude will eat up all that is around us as an ox eats up the grass in a field (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile
The way the Israelites will destroy their enemies is spoken of as if they were an ox eating up the grass in a field.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Now Balak son of Zippor was king of Moab at that time (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background
This changes from the main story to background information about Balak.
Numbers 22:5
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: He sent messengers (0)Alternate translation: “Balak sent messengers”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Beor (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
This is the name of Balaam’s father.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Pethor (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
This is the name of a city.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: of his nation and his people (0)Alternate translation: “of Balaam’s nation and people”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: He called him (0)Balak did not speak to Balaam directly, but did so through the messengers he sent. Alternate translation: “Balak called Balaam”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: They cover the face of the earth (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hyperbole
This is an exaggeration to emphasize how many of them there were. Alternate translation: “They are extremely numerous”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the face of the earth (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
This refers to the surface of the earth.
Numbers 22:6
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: drive them (0)Alternate translation: “chase them”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: I know that whomever you bless will be blessed, and whomever you curse will be cursed (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “I know you have the power to bless or to curse people”
Numbers 22:7
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: payment for divination (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns
If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word divination, you can express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “money to pay Balaam to curse Israel”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: They came to Balaam (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go
You may prefer to say “They went to Balaam”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: spoke to him Balak’s words (0)Alternate translation: “told him the message from Balak”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Balak (0)This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in Numbers 22:2.
Numbers 22:8
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: I will bring you (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Balaam’s report is spoken of as if it were something that he would carry to the messengers. Alternate translation: “I will tell you”
Numbers 22:9
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: God came to Balaam (0)Alternate translation: “God appeared to Balaam”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Who are these men who came to you? (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion
Yahweh uses a question to introduce a new topic of conversation. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “Tell me about these men who came to you.”
Numbers 22:10
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Balak … Zippor (0)These are the names of men. See how you translated these in Numbers 22:2.
Numbers 22:11
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Look … drive them out (0)Balaam restates the message that Balak sent to him. See how you translated these phrases in Numbers 22:5–6.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: drive them out (0)Alternate translation: “chase them away”
Numbers 22:12
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: because they have been blessed (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “because I have blessed them”
Numbers 22:13
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Balak (0)This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in Numbers 22:2.
Numbers 22:15
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Balak (0)This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in Numbers 22:2.
Numbers 22:16
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: They came to Balaam (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-go
You may prefer to say “They went to Balaam”
Numbers 22:17
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: this people (0)The singular noun refers to the Israelites as a group. Alternate translation: “this group of people”
Numbers 22:18
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Balak (0)This is the name of a man. See how you translated this in Numbers 22:2.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Even if Balak would give me his palace full of silver and gold (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo
Balaam is describing something that would never happen. He is emphasizing that there is nothing that could make him disobey Yahweh.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: I cannot go beyond the word of Yahweh … and do less or more than what he tells me (0)This means Balaam cannot disobey Yahweh in any way.
Numbers 22:21
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: saddled his donkey (0)A saddle is a seat put on the back of an animal in order to ride it.
Numbers 22:22
And the nose of God burned
Quote: וַיִּֽחַר־ אַ֣ף אֱלֹהִים֮ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
This is an idiom that speaks of the increase in God’s anger as if his nose was starting to burn. Alternate translation: “And God became very angry”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: as someone hostile to Balaam (0)Alternate translation: “as an enemy to Balaam” or “in order to stop Balaam”
Numbers 22:23
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: with his drawn sword (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
A sword is drawn from its sheath in order to be ready to use. Alternate translation: “with his sword ready to attack”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: The donkey turned off the road and went into a field (0)The donkey did this to avoid the angel of Yahweh.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: to turn her back (0)Sometimes animals are referred to as “her” or “she.” Alternate translation: “to turn it back”
Numbers 22:25
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: She went against the wall (0)This was an attempt to escape from the angel of Yahweh in the road.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: She went (0)Sometimes animals are referred to as “her” or “she.” Alternate translation: “It went”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: pinned Balaam’s foot against it (0)Alternate translation: “pushed Balaam’s foot against it” or “hurt Balaam’s foot against it”
Numbers 22:27
and the nose of Balaam burned
Quote: וַיִּֽחַר־ אַ֣ף בִּלְעָ֔ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
This is an idiom that speaks of the increase in Balaam’s anger as if his nose was starting to burn. See how you translated a similar phrase in Numbers 22:22. Alternate translation: “And Balaam became very angry”
Numbers 22:28
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Then Yahweh opened the donkey’s mouth so she could talk (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Opening the mouth is associated with the ability to speak. Alternate translation: “Then Yahweh gave the donkey the ability to speak like a human would speak”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: She said to Balaam (0)Alternate translation: “The donkey said to Balaam”
Numbers 22:30
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Am not I your donkey on which you have ridden all your life long to this present day? (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion
This rhetorical question was used to convict Balaam that his judgment of the donkey was unfair. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “I am your donkey on which you have ridden all your life, right up to the present moment.”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Have I ever been in the habit of doing such things to you before? (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion
This rhetorical question was used to further convict Balaam that his judgment of the donkey was unfair. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “I have never been in the habit of doing such things to you!”
Numbers 22:31
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Then Yahweh opened Balaam’s eyes, and he saw the angel of Yahweh (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
To “open one’s eyes” is associated with being able to see. Alternate translation: “Then Yahweh gave Balaam the ability to see the angel of Yahweh”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: with his drawn sword (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
A sword is drawn from its sheath in order to be ready to use. See how you translated this in Numbers 22:23. Alternate translation: “with his sword ready to attack”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Balaam lowered his head and lay facedown (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction
This indicates that Balaam is humbling himself before the angel.
Numbers 22:32
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Why have you struck your donkey these three times? (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion
This rhetorical question is used to accuse Balaam of doing wrong. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should not have struck your donkey these three times.”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: as someone hostile to you (0)Alternate translation: “as an enemy to you” or “to oppose you”
Numbers 22:33
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: If she had not turned … killed you and spared her life (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo
This hypothetical statement indicated what could have happened, but it did not because the donkey’s actions saved Balaam.
Numbers 22:34
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: So now, if it is displeasing to you (0)Alternate translation: “So if you do not want me to continue going”
Numbers 22:35
you shall speak
Quote: תְדַבֵּ֑ר (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-declarative
Here, shall indicates a command. See the discussion of shall in the book introduction.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: with the leaders of Balak (0)See how you translated “Balak” in Numbers 22:2. Alternate translation: “with the leaders whom Balak had sent”
Numbers 22:36
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Arnon (0)This is the name of a river. See how you translated it in Numbers 21:13.
Numbers 22:37
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Did I not send men to you to summon you? (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion
This rhetorical question is used to rebuke Balaam for delaying to come. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Surely I sent men to summon you.”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Why did you not come to me? (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion
This rhetorical question is used to rebuke Balaam for delaying to come. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should have come to me!”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Am I not able to honor you? (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion
This rhetorical question is used to rebuke Balaam for delaying to come. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “Surely you know that I am able to pay you money for coming to me.”
Numbers 22:38
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Do I now have any power to say anything? (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion
Balaam uses this rhetorical question to tell Balak that he will not be able to do everything that Balak asks him to do. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “But I have no power to say anything I want”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the words that God puts into my mouth (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
The message is spoken of as if it is something that God put into his mouth. Alternate translation: “the message that God wants me to say”
Numbers 22:39
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Kiriath Huzoth (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
This is the name of a town.
Numbers 22:40
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: some meat (0)Alternate translation: “some of the meat from the sacrifices”
Numbers 22:41
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the high place of Baal (0)This could mean: (1) this refers to the same place as Bamoth in Numbers 21:19. The word Bamoth means “the high place,” or (2) this is another high place where people sacrificed to Baal.
Numbers 23
Numbers 23 General Notes
Structure and formatting
The story of Balaam continues in this chapter.
Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 23:7–10, 18–24.
Special concepts in this chapter
Cursing God’s people
God does not allow others to curse his people. Balaam blessed Israel twice when he was supposed to curse them. This may be taken as humor or an ironic situation. (See: curse, cursed, cursing and people of God)
Numbers 23:1
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Balak (0)This is the king of Moab. See how you translated this in Numbers 22:2.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: prepare seven bulls and seven rams (0)Alternate translation: “kill seven bulls and seven rams as a sacrifice”
Numbers 23:3
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Stand at your burnt offering and I will go (0)Alternate translation: “Stay here with your burnt offering and I will go a distance away”
Numbers 23:4
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: I have offered up a bull and a ram (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
It has already been stated that he killed these animals as a burnt offering. Alternate translation: “I have killed a bull and a ram and burnt them as an offering”
Numbers 23:5
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Yahweh put a message in Balaam’s mouth (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Here Yahweh giving Balaam a message to speak is spoken of as if Yahweh placed it in his mouth. Alternate translation: “Yahweh told Balaam what he wanted him to say to Balak”
Numbers 23:7
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Balak has brought me from Aram … the king of Moab from the eastern mountains (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism
These phrases mean the same thing.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: ‘Come, curse Jacob for me,’ & ‘Come, defy Israel.’ (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism
Both of these statements mean the same thing. They emphasize that Balak wants Balaam to curse the people of Israel.
Numbers 23:8
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: How can I curse those whom God has not cursed? How can I oppose those whom Yahweh does not oppose? (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion
These rhetorical questions emphasize Balaam’s refusal to disobey God. They can be translated as statements. Alternate translation: “But I cannot curse those whom God has not cursed. I cannot fight against those whom Yahweh does not fight!”
Numbers 23:9
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: from the top of the rocks I see him … from the hills I look at him (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism
These two phrases mean the same thing. Balaam viewed Israel from the top of a hill.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: I see him … I look at him (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Here “him” is a metonym that refers to the people of Israel.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: there is a people (0)Alternate translation: “there is a group of people”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: do not consider themselves as just an ordinary nation (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes
This negative statement is used to stress that the opposite is true. Alternate translation: “they consider themselves to be a special nation”
Numbers 23:10
Who can count the dust of Jacob or number the fourth part of Israel
Quote: מִ֤י מָנָה֙ עֲפַ֣ר יַעֲקֹ֔ב וּמִסְפָּ֖ר אֶת־ רֹ֣בַע יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Here dust of Jacob is a metaphor that speaks of the number of Israelites as if they were as numerous as the specks of dust.
Who can count the dust of Jacob or number the fourth part of Israel
Quote: מִ֤י מָנָה֙ עֲפַ֣ר יַעֲקֹ֔ב וּמִסְפָּ֖ר אֶת־ רֹ֣בַע יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion
If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “There are too many Israelites to count. No one could count even a fourth of them because there are so many.”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the death of a righteous person (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
It is understood that this will be a peaceful death. This can be stated. Alternate translation: “the peaceful death of a righteous person”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: a righteous person … like his (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
These are metonymies that refer to the people of Israel as a single person.
Numbers 23:11
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Balak (0)This is the king of Moab. See how you translated this in Numbers 22:2.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: What have you done to me? (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion
Balak uses this question to scold Balaam. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “I cannot believe you did this to me!”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: but look (0)This emphasizes the shocking action that follows.
Numbers 23:12
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Should I not be careful to say only what Yahweh puts in my mouth? (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion
Balaam uses this rhetorical question to defend his actions. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “I must be very careful to say only what Yahweh tells me to say.”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: to say only what Yahweh puts in my mouth (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
The message is spoken of as if it is something that God put into his mouth. See how you translated a similar phrase in Numbers 22:38. Alternate translation: “to say only what Yahweh wants me to say”
Numbers 23:13
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: There you will curse them for me (0)Alternate translation: “There you will curse the Israelites for me”
Numbers 23:14
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: field of Zophim (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
Translators may add a footnote that says: “The word ‘Zophim’ means ‘to watch’ or ‘to spy.’”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Mount Pisgah (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
This is the name of a mountain. See how you translated this in Numbers 21:20.
Numbers 23:16
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: put a message in his mouth (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
The message is spoken of as if it is something that God put into his mouth. See how you translated a similar phrase in Numbers 22:38. Alternate translation: “told him what to say”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: He said (0)Alternate translation: “Then Yahweh said”
Numbers 23:18
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Balak, and hear … Listen to me, you son of Zippor (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism
These two phrases mean the same thing and are repeated to emphasize how important it was for Balak to pay attention.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Balak … son of Zippor (0)See how you translated these names in Numbers 22:2.
Numbers 23:19
Has he said and not done, Or spoken and not made it arise
Quote: הַה֤וּא אָמַר֙ וְלֹ֣א יַעֲשֶׂ֔ה וְדִבֶּ֖ר וְלֹ֥א יְקִימֶֽנָּה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism
Both of these clauses mean the same thing and emphasize that God does what he says he will.
Has he said and not done, Or spoken and not made it arise
Quote: הַה֤וּא אָמַר֙ וְלֹ֣א יַעֲשֶׂ֔ה וְדִבֶּ֖ר וְלֹ֥א יְקִימֶֽנָּה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion
These rhetorical questions can be translated as statements. Alternate translation: “He has never promised a thing without fulfilling what he promised. He has always done exactly what he said he would do.”
Numbers 23:20
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: I have been commanded to bless (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “God has commanded me to bless the Israelites”
Numbers 23:21
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: hardship in Jacob … trouble in Israel (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism
These two phrases mean the same thing. This could mean: (1) God has given Israel only good things or (2) there is no sin in Israel that would cause him to judge them.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: shouts for their king are among them (0)Alternate translation: “they shout with joy because Yahweh is their king”
Numbers 23:22
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: with strength like that of a wild ox (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile
This simile says that Yahweh’s great strength is equal to an ox.
Numbers 23:23
For there is no omen against Jacob, and no divination against Israel
Quote: כִּ֤י לֹא־ נַ֨חַשׁ֙ בְּיַעֲקֹ֔ב וְלֹא־ קֶ֖סֶם בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism
These two lines mean the same thing, that no curse that anyone puts on the nation of Israel will be effective.
For there is no omen against Jacob, and no divination against Israel
Quote: כִּ֤י לֹא־ נַ֨חַשׁ֙ בְּיַעֲקֹ֔ב וְלֹא־ קֶ֖סֶם בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Here Jacob is a metonym that refers to Israel.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: it must be said (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. “people must say”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Look what God has done! (0)It is implied that what God did for them was good. Alternate translation: “Look at the good things God has done for them!”
Numbers 23:24
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the people rise like a lioness … he has killed (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
This verse is a long metaphor that speaks of Israel defeating her enemies as if Israel was a lion devouring its prey.
Numbers 23:25
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Balak (0)This is the king of Moab. See how you translated this in Numbers 22:2.
Numbers 23:26
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Did I not tell you that I must say all that Yahweh tells me to say? (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion
Balaam uses this rhetorical question to remind Balak that Balaam refused to disobey God even before he came to Balak. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “I told you before that I must say all that Yahweh tells me to say.”
Numbers 23:28
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: which looks down on the wilderness (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
It is understood that this wilderness was where Israel was camped. Alternate translation: “which looks down on the wilderness where Israel was”
Numbers 24
Numbers 24 General Notes
Structure and formatting
The story of Balaam continues in this chapter.
Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 24:3–9, 15–24.
Special concepts in this chapter
Cursing God’s people
God does not allow others to curse his people. Balaam blesses Israel again and the king is angry and sends him home. This may be taken as humor or an ironic situation. (See: curse, cursed, cursing and people of God)
Numbers 24:1
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: as at the other times (0)Alternate translation: “like he did the previous times”
Numbers 24:2
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: He raised his eyes (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
Here “raised his eyes” is an idiom that means to look up. Alternate translation: “He looked up”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Spirit of God came on him (0)This mean’s God’s Spirit took control of him to prophesy.
Numbers 24:3
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: He received this prophecy (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “God gave him this prophecy”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Balaam son of Beor (0)Beor was Balaam’s father. See how you translated this in Numbers 22:5.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: whose eyes are wide open (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
This idiom means he sees and understands clearly.
Numbers 24:4
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: He speaks … He sees … he bows (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person
Here Balaam refers to himself as “He.”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: he bows down (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction
This is an act of humility.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: with his eyes open (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
Here “eyes open” is an idiom that means Balaam has received the ability to know what God wants to say.
Numbers 24:5
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: How beautiful are your tents, Jacob, the place where you live, Israel! (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism
Both of these statements mean the same thing. They emphasize the Israelite camp was beautiful to Balaam.
Numbers 24:6
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Like valleys they spread out (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile
Balaam speaks of the Israelies as if they were numerous enough to cover entire valleys.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: like gardens by the riverside (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile
Balaam speaks of the Israelies as if they were well-watered gardens that produce an abundant harvest.
like aloes Yahweh has planted
Quote: כַּאֲהָלִים֙ נָטַ֣ע יְהוָ֔ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown
Aloes are plants with a pleasant smell that grow well even in dry conditions.
like aloes Yahweh has planted
Quote: כַּאֲהָלִים֙ נָטַ֣ע יְהוָ֔ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile
Balaam speaks of the Israelites as if they would thrive and be pleasant like aloe plants.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: like cedars beside the waters (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile
Cedar trees were the largest trees in Israel. Balaam speaks of the Israelies as if they grew as large as well-watered cedar trees.
Numbers 24:7
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Water flows … well-watered (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Abundant water is associated with God’s blessing on the crops of the land. Alternate translation: “God will bless Israel with plenty of water for their crops”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: their seed is well-watered (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Well-watered seed refers to God’s blessing on his people so that they will have abundant crops. Alternate translation: “they will have plenty of water for their seed to grow healthy crops”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Their king is to be higher … their kingdom will be honored (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism
These two phrases have similar meaning, emphasizing how much God will bless them compared to other nations.
And his king will be higher than Agag
Quote: וְיָרֹ֤ם מֵֽאֲגַג֙ מַלְכּ֔וֹ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Here higher refers to having greater honor and power. This means the future king of Israel will have more honor and will be more powerful than Agag.
And his king will be higher than Agag
Quote: וְיָרֹ֤ם מֵֽאֲגַג֙ מַלְכּ֔וֹ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
Agag was king of the Amalekites.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: their kingdom will be honored (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “other people will give honor to their kingdom”
Numbers 24:8
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: God brings him (0)Alternate translation: “God brings the Israelites”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: with strength like a wild ox (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile
This simile emphasizes that the Israelites have great strength.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: He will eat up the nations (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Balaam speaks of the Israelites as if they are wild animals that eat their enemies. This means they will destroy their enemies.
Numbers 24:9
General Information:
Balaam finishes the prophecy under the control of the Spirit of God.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: He crouches down like a lion, like a lioness (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile
In this simile, Balaam compares the Israelites to both male and female lions. This means they are dangerous and always ready to attack.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Who dares disturb him? (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion
Balaam uses a question to warn all the people to not provoke the Israelites. This can be translated as a statement. Alternate translation: “No one dares to disturb him!”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: May everyone who blesses him be blessed; may everyone who curses him be cursed (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “May God bless those who bless the Israelites; may he curse those who curse the Israelites”
Numbers 24:10
And the nose of Balak burned
Quote: וַיִּֽחַר־ אַ֤ף בָּלָק֙ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
This is an idiom that speaks of the increase in Balak’s anger as if his nose was starting to burn. Alternate translation: “And Balak became very angry”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: struck his hands together in anger (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction
This was a sign of great frustration and anger.
Numbers 24:13
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Even if Balak gave me his palace full of silver and gold (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-hypo
Balaam is describing something that would never happen. This statement emphasizes that there is nothing that would make Balaam disobey God.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Did I not say this to them? (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion
Balaam uses a question to remind Balak about what he said earlier. If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. “Alternate translation: I said this to them.”
Numbers 24:14
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: this people (0)Alternate translation: “the Israelites”
Numbers 24:15
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Balaam son of Beor (0)Beor was Balaam’s father. See how you translated this in Numbers 22:5.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: whose eyes are wide open (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
This idiom means he sees and understands clearly. See how you translated this in Numbers 24:3.
Numbers 24:16
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: who has knowledge from the Most High (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns
The abstract term “knowledge” can be stated as an action. Alternate translation: “who knows things that God Most High has revealed to him”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: bows down (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction
This is a sign of submission to God.
Numbers 24:17
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: I see him, but he is not here now. I look at him, but he is not near (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism
Both of these statements mean the same thing. Balaam is having a vision of a future event. The word “him” refers to a future leader of Israel.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: A star will come out of Jacob (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-symlanguage
Here “star” refers to an Israelite king that will rise in power.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: out of Jacob (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Here “Jacob” refers to the descendants of Jacob. Alternate translation: “from among the descendants of Jacob”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: a scepter will rise out of Israel (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism
This means the same thing as the first part of the sentence. Here “scepter” refers to a powerful king.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: out of Israel (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Here “Israel” refers to future Israelites. Alternate translation: “from among the Israelites in the future”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: shatter Moab’s leaders (0)This could mean: (1) he will break the heads of the leaders of Moab or (2) he will destroy the leaders of Moab.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: all the descendants of Seth (0)This also refers to the Moabites, who were descendants of Seth.
Numbers 24:18
General Information:
Balaam finishes the first of his four prophecies.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Edom will become a possession of Israel (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “The Israelites will occupy Edom”
and Seir will become a possession
Quote: וְהָיָ֧ה יְרֵשָׁ֛ה שֵׂעִ֖יר (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Here Seir refers to the people who lived near Mount Seir.Alternate translation: “and the people of Seir will become a possession”
and Seir will become a possession
Quote: וְהָיָ֧ה יְרֵשָׁ֛ה שֵׂעִ֖יר (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Israel will also conquer the people of Seir”
Numbers 24:19
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Out of Jacob a king will come (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Jacob was the ancestor of the Israelites. “Jacob” is a metonym that refers to the whole people group.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: of their city (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
This refers to the city of Ar where Balak met Balaam.
Numbers 24:20
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: his final end (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-123person
A singular pronoun is used because the Amalekites are spoken of as a single person.
Numbers 24:21
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the Kenites (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
This is the name of a people group who descended from Kain.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: The place where you live is strong (0)Alternate translation: “The place were you live is well defended”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: your nest is in the rocks (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
This is a metaphor that means that they live in a secure place. Alternate translation: “your location is as secure as a nest high in the rocks”
Numbers 24:22
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Nevertheless you Kenites will be consumed by fire when Assyria carries you away captive (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
Here the destruction of the Kenites is spoken of as if they were burned up in a fire. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Nevertheless the Assyrians will destroy you Kenites like a fire, and take you away as captives”
Numbers 24:23
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Who will survive when God does this? (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion
If it would be helpful in your language, you could express this question as a statement. Alternate translation: “No one will survive when God does this!”
Numbers 24:24
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Kittim (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
This is the name of a city on an island in the Mediterranean Sea.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: they, too, will end in destruction (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns
If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word destruction, you can express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “God will destroy them also”
Numbers 24:25
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Balak (0)This is the king of Moab. See how you translated this in Numbers 22:2.
Numbers 25
Numbers 25 General Notes
Structure and formatting
The story of Balaam concludes in this chapter.
Special concepts in this chapter
Foreign women
Balaam told the young women from Moab to act friendly to the Israelite men and invite them to feasts in honor of their god Baal. The men went to the feasts and worshiped Baal. God was angry and killed 24,000 Israelite men. Foreign women are often the source of problems in Israel. They caused the men to worship their false gods. (See: god, false god, goddess, idol, idolater, idolatrous, idolatry)
Numbers 25:1
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Shittim (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
This is the name of a place in Moab.
Numbers 25:2
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: bowed down (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction
This was an act of worship.
Numbers 25:3
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Peor (0)Peor was the name of a mountain. See how you translated this in Numbers 23:28.
And the nose of Yahweh burned
Quote: וַיִּֽחַר־ אַ֥ף יְהוָ֖ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
This is an idiom that speaks of the increase in Yahweh’s anger as if his nose was starting to burn. See how you translated a similar phrase in Numbers 21:20. Alternate translation: “And Yahweh became very angry”
Numbers 25:4
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: all the leaders of the people (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
It is implied that this refers to the leaders who were guilty of idolatry. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “all the leaders of the people who are guilty of idolatry”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: to expose them in the daylight (0)This means that the leaders of Israel will kill these people and leave their dead bodies out where all the people can see them.
Numbers 25:5
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: to Israel’s leaders (0)Alternate translation: “to Israel’s leaders who were not guilty of idolatry”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Peor (0)Peor was the name of a mountain. See how you translated this in Numbers 23:28.
Numbers 25:6
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: brought among his family members a Midianite woman (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
It is implied that he brought her among his camp to have sex with her. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “brought a Midianite woman to the Israelite camp to sleep with her”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: in the sight of Moses and all the community of the people of Israel (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
Here “in the sight of” is an idiom that means they heard about it, or found out about it.
Numbers 25:7
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Eleazar (0)This is the name of Aaron’s son. See how you translated it in Numbers 3:2.
Numbers 25:8
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: He followed (0)Alternate translation: “Phinehas followed”
Numbers 25:11
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Connecting Statement: (0)Connecting Statement:
Yahweh begins to speak to Moses.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: turned my rage away from the people of Israel (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
God’s rage is spoken of as if it were something that could be physically pushed aside in order to stop it. Alternate translation: “caused me to no longer be angry with the people of Israel”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: I have not consumed the people of Israel in my fierceness (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
God is spoken of as if he were a fierce animal that could have eaten up the people of Israel. Alternate translation: “I have not destroyed the people of Israel in my terrible anger”
Numbers 25:13
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Connecting Statement: (0)Connecting Statement:
This is the end of Yahweh’s speech that begins in verse 11.
Numbers 25:14
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Now (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background
This switches from the main story line to background information about Zimri and Kozbi.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: who was killed (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “whom Phinehas killed”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Zimri … Salu (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
These are names of men.
Numbers 25:15
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Zur (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
This is the name of a man.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Kozbi (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
This is the name of a woman.
Numbers 25:18
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: with their deceitfulness (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns
If your language does not use an abstract noun for the idea behind the word deceitfulness, you can express the same idea with a verbal form. Alternate translation: “by deceiving you”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: They led you into evil (0)Alternate translation: “They persuaded you to do this evil thing”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: in the case of Peor … in the matter of Peor (0)Both of these phrases mean that these things happened at Mount Peor.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Peor (0)Peor was the name of a mountain. See how you translated this in Numbers 23:28.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: who was killed (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “whom Phinehas killed”
Numbers 26
Numbers 26 General Notes
Structure and formatting
The ULT sets the lines in 26:12–17, 20–26, 29–32, 35, 38–39, 44–45, 48–49, 57–58 farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because they are long lists.
The people are counted in preparation for entering into the Promised Land. (See: Promised Land)
Special concepts in this chapter
A new generation
None of the adults who came out of Egypt with Moses were still alive except the two faithful spies, Joshua and Caleb. (See: faithful, faithfulness, trustworthy)
Numbers 26:2
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Count all the community (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
They were only to count the men, not the women. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “Count all the men of the community”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: twenty years old and up (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “20 years old and older”
Numbers 26:3
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: spoke to them (0)Alternate translation: “spoke to the Israelite leaders”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: plains (0)A plain is a large flat area of land.
Numbers 26:4
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: twenty years old and up (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “20 years old and older”
Numbers 26:5
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesGeneral Information:
The leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: was the firstborn of Israel (0)Here “Israel” refers to the man also known as Jacob.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: From his son (0)The word “his” refers to Rueben.
Numbers 26:7
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: 43,730 men (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “forty-three thousand seven hundred and thirty men”
Numbers 26:8
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesGeneral Information:
The leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Eliab (0)See how you translated this man’s name in Numbers 16:1.
Numbers 26:9
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Eliab … Dathan … Abiram (0)See how you translated these men’s names in Numbers 16:1.
Numbers 26:10
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: The earth opened its mouth and swallowed them up (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification
Here the earth is spoken of as if it were a person opening its mouth and eating something. Alternate translation: “Yahweh caused the earth to split open, and the men fell in the hole”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: fire devoured 250 men (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification
Here the fire is spoken of as if it were a large animal devouring something. Alternate translation: “Yahweh caused a fire that killed 250 men”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: 250 men (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “two hundred and fifty men”
Numbers 26:11
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Korah’s line (0)Alternate translation: “all of Korah’s family”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: die out (0)Alternate translation: “end”
Numbers 26:12
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesGeneral Information:
The leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families.
Numbers 26:14
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: 22,200 men (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “twenty-two thousand two hundred men”
Numbers 26:15
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesGeneral Information:
The leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families.
Numbers 26:18
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: 40,500 men (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “forty thousand five hundred men”
Numbers 26:19
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesGeneral Information:
The leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families.
Numbers 26:22
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: 76,500 men (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “seventy-six thousand five hundred men”
Numbers 26:23
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesGeneral Information:
The leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families.
Numbers 26:25
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: 64,300 men (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “sixty-four thousand three hundred men”
Numbers 26:26
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesGeneral Information:
The leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families.
Numbers 26:27
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: 60,500 men (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “sixty thousand five hundred men”
Numbers 26:28
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesGeneral Information:
The leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families.
Numbers 26:30
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesGeneral Information:
The leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families.
Numbers 26:33
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesGeneral Information:
The leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families.
Numbers 26:34
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: 52,700 men (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “fifty-two thousand seven hundred men”
Numbers 26:35
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesGeneral Information:
The leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families.
Numbers 26:37
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: 32,500 men (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “thirty-two thousand five hundred men”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: These were Joseph’s descendants, counted (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
The word “these” refers to all of the men descended from Joseph’s sons, Ephraim and Manasseh. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “These were Joseph’s descendants, descended from his sons Manasseh and Ephraim, counted”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: counted in each of their clans (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “they counted them in each of their clans”
Numbers 26:38
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesGeneral Information:
The leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families.
Numbers 26:41
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: 45,600 men (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “forty-five thousand six hundred men”
Numbers 26:42
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesGeneral Information:
The leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families.
Numbers 26:43
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: 64,400 men (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “sixty-four thousand four hundred men”
Numbers 26:44
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesGeneral Information:
The leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families.
Numbers 26:47
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: 53,400 men (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “fifty-three thousand four hundred men”
Numbers 26:48
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesGeneral Information:
The leaders of Israel are counting the men, 20 years old and older, according to their tribes and families.
Numbers 26:50
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: 45,400 men (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “forty-five thousand four hundred men”
Numbers 26:51
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the complete count (0)Alternate translation: “the total number”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: 601,730 (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “six-hundred and one thousand, seven hundred and thirty”
Numbers 26:53
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: The land must be divided (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “You must divide the land”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: these men (0)This refers to all of the men that were counted in their clans, beginning in Numbers 26:5.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: according to the number of their names (0)Alternate translation: “by the number of people in each clan”
Numbers 26:54
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: give more inheritance (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
In this passage, the word “inheritance” refers to land inherited. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “give more land as an inheritance”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: who were counted (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “whom the leaders of Israel counted”
Numbers 26:55
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the land must be divided (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you must divide the land”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: by random lots (0)Alternate translation: “by casting lots”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: it will be divided (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you will divide it”
Numbers 26:56
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: distributed to them (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “and you must distribute the land to them”
Numbers 26:57
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesGeneral Information:
This is a list of the Levite clans. Moses counts the Levites separately from the other tribes because they did not receive any land.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: counted clan by clan (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that the leaders also counted clan by clan”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Gershon … Kohath … Merari (0)See how you translated these men’s names in Numbers 3:17.
Numbers 26:58
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Amram’s (0)See how you translated this man’s name in Numbers 3:19.
Numbers 26:59
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Amram (0)See how you translated this man’s name in Numbers 3:19.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: She bore to Amram their children (0)Alternate translation: “She and Amram had children”
Numbers 26:60
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Nadab … Abihu … Ithamar (0)See how you translated these men’s names in Numbers 3:2.
Numbers 26:61
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: they offered before Yahweh unacceptable fire (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Here the word “fire” is used to refer to “burning incense.” See how you translated a similar phrase in Numbers 3:4. Alternate translation: “they burned an incense offering to Yahweh in a way that he did not approve of”
Numbers 26:62
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: who were counted (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “whom the leaders counted”
23, 000
Quote: שְׁלֹשָׁ֤ה וְעֶשְׂרִים֙ אֶ֔לֶף (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “twenty-three thousand”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: one month old and up (0)Alternate translation: “one month old and older”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: they were not counted (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “but the leaders did not count them”
because an inheritance in the midst of the sons of Israel was not given to them
Quote: כִּ֠י לֹא־ נִתַּ֤ן לָהֶם֙ נַחֲלָ֔ה בְּת֖וֹךְ בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
Here, inheritance refers to land they inherited. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “because land in the midst of the sons of Israel was not given to them”
because an inheritance in the midst of the sons of Israel was not given to them
Quote: כִּ֠י לֹא־ נִתַּ֤ן לָהֶם֙ נַחֲלָ֔ה בְּת֖וֹךְ בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “because Yahweh said they would not receive any land as an inheritance”
Numbers 26:63
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: who were counted by Moses and Eleazar the priest (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “whom Moses and Eleazar the priest counted”
Numbers 26:64
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: there was no man (0)Alternate translation: “there were no men”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: who had been counted by Moses and Aaron the priest (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “whom Moses and Aaron the priest had counted”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: when the descendants of Israel were counted (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “when they counted the descendants of Israel”
Numbers 26:65
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: There was not a man left among them, except (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives
The word “them” refers to all of the people who were counted in the wilderness of Sinai. This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: “The only ones who were still alive were”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: son of Jephunneh (0)Jephunneh was Caleb’s father. See how you translated this in Numbers 13:6.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: son of Nun (0)Nun was Joshua’s father. See how you translated this in Numbers 11:28.
Numbers 27
Numbers 27 General Notes
Special concepts in this chapter
Daughters
The daughters of Korah received no land because their father was punished by Yahweh. Yahweh still graciously gave them their father’s portion of land. (See: grace, gracious)
The new leader is Joshua
God told Moses to appoint Joshua as the new leader. Joshua became Yahweh’s anointed leader. (See: appoint, appointed and anoint, anointed, anointing)
Numbers 27:1
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Then to Moses came the daughters of Zelophehad … son of Joseph (0)This tells us the genealogy of Zelophehad. Alternate translation: “Then the daughters of Zelophehad son of Hepher son of Gilead son of Machir son of Manasseh, of the clans of Manasseh son of Joseph came to Moses”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Zelophehad son of Hepher … Mahlah, Noah, Hoglah, Milkah, and Tirzah (0)See how you translated these men’s names in Numbers 26:33.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Gilead … Machir (0)See how you translated these men’s names in Numbers 26:29.
Numbers 27:2
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: They stood (0)Alternate translation: “The daughters of Zelophehad stood”
Numbers 27:3
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: who conspired against Yahweh in the company of Korah (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
The people in the company of Korah gathered together and rebelled against Yahweh. Yahweh caused them to die, because of their sin. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “who died because they were among Korah’s followers who rebelled against Yahweh”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: for his own sin (0)Alternate translation: “because of his own sin”
Numbers 27:4
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Why should our father’s name be taken away from among his clan members because he had no son? (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion
At that time, only sons received land as an inheritance. The daughters use this question to suggest that they should receive the inheritance and continue the family clan. This can be written as a statement. Alternate translation: “You should not remove our father’s name from the clan members just because he did not have a son.”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Give us land among our father’s relatives (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
This means that they are asking to inherit land near where their father’s relatives are inheriting land. The meaning of this can be made clear. Alternate translation: “Give us land where our father’s relatives live”
Numbers 27:7
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: among their father’s relatives (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
This means that they will be inherit land where their father’s relatives are inheriting land. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “where their father’s relatives live”
Numbers 27:11
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: be a law established by decree for the people of Israel (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “be a law that all the people of Israel must obey”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: has commanded me (0)Here “me” refers to Moses.
Numbers 27:12
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: mountains of Abarim (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
This is a range of mountains in Moab.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: that I have given to the people of Israel (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Here Yahweh speaks about the land that his is giving the Israel as if he has already given it to them. He speaks this way to emphasize that his committed to give it to them. Alternate translation: “that I will give to the people of Israel”
Numbers 27:13
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: you, too, must be gathered to your people (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism
This is a euphemism that means Moses will die and his spirit will go to the place where his ancestors are. Alternate translation: “you must die”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: like Aaron your brother (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis
You can make clear the understood information that Aaron died. Alternate translation: “like your older brother Aaron died”
Numbers 27:14
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: you two rebelled (0)This refers to Moses and Aaron.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: wilderness of Zin (0)See how you translated this phrase in Numbers 13:21.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: when the water flowed from the rock, in your anger (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
This refers to an event when Yahweh made water miraculously flow out of a rock. God told Moses to speak to the rock. Instead, Moses hit the rock because he was angry with the people.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: you failed to honor me as holy (0)Alternate translation: “you did not treat me as holy”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: before the eyes of the whole community (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche
Here the people of the people are represented by their “eyes” to emphasize what they saw. Alternate translation: “in front of the whole community”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: waters of Meribah (0)See how you translated this phrase in Numbers 20:13.
Numbers 27:16
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the God of the spirits of all humanity (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche
This could mean: (1) here “spirits” refers to all people.” Alternate translation: “the God over all of humanity” or (2) the reference to “spirits” refers to God having given life and breath to all people. Alternate translation: “the God who gives breath to all people” or “the God who give life to all humanity”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: a man over the community (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
To be “over” a group of people means to have authority to lead them. Alternate translation: “a man to lead the community”
Numbers 27:17
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: a man who may go out and come in before them and lead them out and bring them in (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
This is an idiom that means a person who will lead all the people and also lead the army into battle.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: so that your community is not like sheep that have no shepherd (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile
This is a simile that means without a leader the people will wander and be helpless.
Numbers 27:18
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Take Joshua son of Nun, a man in whom my Spirit lives (0)Yahweh’s Spirit is in Joshua, meaning that Joshua obeys Yahweh and follows his commands.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: lay your hand on him (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction
This is a sign of dedicating someone to God’s service. Alternate translation: “lay your hand on him to appoint him”
Numbers 27:19
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: command him before their eyes to lead them (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche
Here the people are represented by their “eyes” to emphasize what they see. Alternate translation: “in front of all of them command Joshua to lead the people of Israel”
Numbers 27:20
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: You must put some of your authority on him (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Here Yahweh speaks of Moses giving some of his authority to Joshua as if it were an article of clothing that he could put on him. Alternate translation: “You should give him some of your authority” or “Let him decide what the people should do”
Numbers 27:21
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Urim (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-unknown
This was a sacred stone that the High Priest wore on his chest plate. He used it to determine God’s will.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: It will be at his command that the people will go out and come in (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-merism
This means that Joshua will have authority to command the movements of the community of Israel. “Going out” and “coming in” are two opposite commands used to emphasize that he will have full command over their movements. Alternate translation: “He will command the community’s movements”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: both he and all the people of Israel with him, the whole community (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism
Both of these phrases mean the same thing, and they are used together for emphasis. Alternate translation: “both he and the entire nation of Israel”
Numbers 27:22
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: placed him before (0)Alternate translation: “told him to stand in front of”
Numbers 27:23
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: He laid his hands on him and commanded him to lead (0)Alternate translation: “He” refers to Moses, and “him” refers to Joshua.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: He laid his hands on him (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction
The laying on of hands was a way of setting a person apart to do a special task for God.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: to lead (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis
You can make clear the understood information to lead the people. Alternate translation: “to lead the people” or “to be the leader of the Israelites”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: as Yahweh had commanded him to do (0)Here “him” refers to Moses.
Numbers 28
Numbers 28 General Notes
Special concepts in this chapter
Offerings for special days
God commanded the Israelites to make special offerings for Sabbaths, new months, Passover and firstfruits. On each of these occasions, specific sacrifices were required. (See: Sabbath and Passover and firstfruits)
Numbers 28:2
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: at the appointed times (0)Alternate translation: “at the times that I haven chosen”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the food of my offerings made by fire to produce (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the food offerings that you will burn on the altar produce”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: a sweet aroma for me (0)Alternate translation: “a smell I enjoy”
Numbers 28:3
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the offering made by fire (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. “the burnt offering” or “the offering you have burned by fire on the altar”
Numbers 28:5
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: mixed with (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. “which you have mixed with”
and the tenth of an ephah of
Quote: וַעֲשִׂירִ֧ית הָאֵיפָ֛ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction
A tenth means one part out of ten equal parts.
and the tenth of an ephah of
Quote: וַעֲשִׂירִ֧ית הָאֵיפָ֛ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume
You can express this in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “2 liters of” or “a tenth of an ephah (which is about 2 liters) of”
the fourth of a hin of
Quote: רְבִיעִ֥ת הַהִֽין (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction
One fourth means one part out of four equal parts.
the fourth of a hin of
Quote: רְבִיעִ֥ת הַהִֽין (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume
You can express this in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “a liter of” or “one-fourth of a hin (which is almost 1 liter) of”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: beaten oil (0)This refers to oil that has been pressed out of olives. Alternate translation: “pressed oil” or “pure olive oil”
Numbers 28:6
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: that was commanded at Mount Sinai (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that Yahweh commanded at Mount Sinai”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: made by fire (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that you burned on the altar”
Numbers 28:7
shall be the fourth of a hin
Quote: רְבִיעִ֣ת הַהִ֔ין (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction
The fourth means one part out of four equal parts.
shall be the fourth of a hin
Quote: רְבִיעִ֣ת הַהִ֔ין (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume
This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “shall be a liter” or “shall be one-fourth of a hin (which is almost 1 liter)”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: You must pour out in the holy place a drink offering of strong drink to Yahweh (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
This sentence describes the drink offering that is to accompany the lamb. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “It must be a drink offering of strong drink and you must pour it out in the holy place to Yahweh”
Numbers 28:8
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: like the one offered (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “like the one you offered”
Numbers 28:9
and two-tenths fine flour
Quote: וּשְׁנֵ֣י עֶשְׂרֹנִ֗ים סֹ֧לֶת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction
The two-tenths means two parts out of ten equal parts.
and two-tenths fine flour
Quote: וּשְׁנֵ֣י עֶשְׂרֹנִ֗ים סֹ֧לֶת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis
The words “of an ephah” are understood and you may state them clearly. Alternate translation: “and two-tenths of an ephah of fine flour”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: mixed with oil (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “which you have mixed with oil”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the drink offering with it (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
Many offerings had a drink offering that was required to be offered with them. The full meaning of the can be made clear. Alternate translation: “the drink offering that accompanies it”
Numbers 28:12
and three-tenths fine flour
Quote: וּשְׁלֹשָׁ֣ה עֶשְׂרֹנִ֗ים סֹ֤לֶת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction
The three-tenths means three parts out of ten equal parts.
and three-tenths fine flour
Quote: וּשְׁלֹשָׁ֣ה עֶשְׂרֹנִ֗ים סֹ֤לֶת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis
The words “of an ephah” are understood and you may state them clearly. Alternate translation: “and three-tenths of an ephah of fine flour”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: mixed with oil (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “which you have mixed with oil”
and two-tenths fine flour
Quote: וּשְׁנֵ֣י עֶשְׂרֹנִ֗ים סֹ֤לֶת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction
The two-tenths means two parts out of ten equal parts.
and two-tenths fine flour
Quote: וּשְׁנֵ֣י עֶשְׂרֹנִ֗ים סֹ֤לֶת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis
The words “of an ephah” are understood and you may state them clearly. Alternate translation: “and two-tenths of an ephah of fine flour”
and two-tenths fine flour
Quote: וּשְׁנֵ֣י עֶשְׂרֹנִ֗ים סֹ֤לֶת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume
This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “and four and a half liters of fine flour” or “and two-tenths of an ephah (which is about 4.5 liters) of fine flour”
Numbers 28:13
and a tenth, a tenth fine flour
Quote: וְעִשָּׂרֹ֣ן עִשָּׂר֗וֹן סֹ֤לֶת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction
A tenth means one part out of ten equal parts.
and a tenth, a tenth fine flour
Quote: וְעִשָּׂרֹ֣ן עִשָּׂר֗וֹן סֹ֤לֶת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis
The words “of an ephah” are understood and you may state them clearly. Alternate translation: “and a tenth of an ephah of fine flour”
and a tenth, a tenth fine flour
Quote: וְעִשָּׂרֹ֣ן עִשָּׂר֗וֹן סֹ֤לֶת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume
You can express this in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “2 liters of fine flour”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: made by fire (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “that you burned on the altar”
Numbers 28:14
half of a hin of
Quote: חֲצִ֣י הַהִין֩ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction
A half means one part out of two equal parts.
half of a hin of
Quote: חֲצִ֣י הַהִין֩ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume
You can express this in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “two liters of” or “half a hin (which is two liters) of”
and a third of a hin
Quote: וּשְׁלִישִׁ֧ת הַהִ֣ין (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction
A third means one part out of three equal parts.
and a third of a hin
Quote: וּשְׁלִישִׁ֧ת הַהִ֣ין (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume
You can express in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “1.2 liters of” or “one and one-fifth liters of” or “half a hin (which is 1.2 liters) of”
and a fourth of a hin
Quote: וּרְבִיעִ֥ת הַהִ֛ין (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction
A fourth means one part out of four equal parts.
and a fourth of a hin
Quote: וּרְבִיעִ֥ת הַהִ֛ין (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume
You can express this in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “a liter” or “one-fourth of a hin (which is almost 1 liter)”
Numbers 28:15
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: One male goat as a sin offering to Yahweh must be offered (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “You must offer one male goat to Yahweh as a sin offering”
Numbers 28:16
And in the first month, on day 14 of the month
Quote: וּבַחֹ֣דֶשׁ הָרִאשׁ֗וֹן בְּאַרְבָּעָ֥ה עָשָׂ֛ר י֖וֹם לַחֹ֑דֶשׁ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths
This refers to the first month of the Hebrew calendar.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: comes Yahweh’s Passover (0)Alternate translation: “you must celebrate Yahweh’s Passover”
Numbers 28:17
And on day 15 of this month
Quote: וּבַחֲמִשָּׁ֨ה עָשָׂ֥ר י֛וֹם לַחֹ֥דֶשׁ הַזֶּ֖ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths
This refers to the first month of the Hebrew calendar.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: a feast is to be held (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. “you must have a feast”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: bread without yeast must be eaten (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. “you must eat bread without yeast”
Numbers 28:18
On the first day
Quote: בַּיּ֥וֹם הָרִאשׁ֖וֹן (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
This refers to the first day of the feast. You can state this clearly. Alternate translation: “On day 1 of the feast”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: there must be a holy assembly to honor Yahweh (0)The phrase “a holy assembly” means the people gather together to worship Yahweh. Worshiping Yahweh is a holy event. Alternate translation: “you must gather together to worship and honor Yahweh”
Numbers 28:19
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: you must offer a sacrifice made by fire, a burnt offering (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
The idea of “burnt” can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: “you must burn an offering on the altar”
Numbers 28:20
three-tenths
Quote: שְׁלֹשָׁ֨ה עֶשְׂרֹנִ֜ים (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction
The **three-tenths” means three parts out of ten equal parts.
three-tenths
Quote: שְׁלֹשָׁ֨ה עֶשְׂרֹנִ֜ים (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis
The words “of an ephah” are understood and you may state them clearly. Alternate translation: “three-tenths of an ephah”
three-tenths
Quote: שְׁלֹשָׁ֨ה עֶשְׂרֹנִ֜ים (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume
You can express this in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “six liters”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: mixed with oil (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “which you have mixed with oil”
and two-tenths
Quote: וּשְׁנֵ֧י עֶשְׂרֹנִ֛ים (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction
The two-tenths means two parts out of ten equal parts.
and two-tenths
Quote: וּשְׁנֵ֧י עֶשְׂרֹנִ֛ים (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis
The words “of an ephah of fine flour” are understood from the previous phrase. You can repeat them here. Alternate translation: “two-tenths of an ephah of fine flour”
and two-tenths
Quote: וּשְׁנֵ֧י עֶשְׂרֹנִ֛ים (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume
You can express this in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “four and a half liters”
Numbers 28:21
A tenth, a tenth
Quote: עִשָּׂר֤וֹן עִשָּׂרוֹן֙ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction
A tenth means one part out of ten equal parts.
A tenth, a tenth
Quote: עִשָּׂר֤וֹן עִשָּׂרוֹן֙ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume
This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “2 liters”
A tenth, a tenth
Quote: עִשָּׂר֤וֹן עִשָּׂרוֹן֙ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis
The words “of an ephah of fine flour mixed with oil” are understood and you may state them clearly. Alternate translation: “One-tenth of an ephah of fine flour mixed with oil”
Numbers 28:22
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: to make atonement (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns
The phrase “make atonement” can be expressed with the verb “atone.” Alternate translation: “to atone”
Numbers 28:23
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: required each morning (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “which Yahweh requires each morning”
Numbers 28:24
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: As described here (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “As I, Yahweh, have described here”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the food of the offering made by fire (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you must burn the food offering on the altar”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: a sweet aroma for Yahweh (0)Alternate translation: “as a sweet aroma for Yahweh”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: It must be offered (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “You must offer it”
Numbers 28:25
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: have a holy assembly to honor Yahweh (0)The phrase “a holy assembly” means the people gather together to worship Yahweh. Worshiping Yahweh is a holy event. Alternate translation: “gather together to worship and honor Yahweh”
Numbers 28:26
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the day of the firstfruits (0)This refers to the day during the Festival of Weeks when they offer the grain offering to Yahweh. Alternate translation: “the day of the firstfruits, that is the day”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: have a holy assembly to honor Yahweh (0)The phrase “a holy assembly” means the people gather together to worship Yahweh. Worshiping Yahweh is a holy event. Alternate translation: “gather together to worship and honor Yahweh”
Numbers 28:28
mixed with the oil
Quote: בְּלוּלָ֣ה בַשָּׁ֑מֶן (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “which you have mixed with oil”
three-tenths
Quote: שְׁלֹשָׁ֤ה עֶשְׂרֹנִים֙ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction
The three-tenths means three parts out of ten equal parts.
three-tenths
Quote: שְׁלֹשָׁ֤ה עֶשְׂרֹנִים֙ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume
This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “six liters”
two-tenths
Quote: שְׁנֵי֙ עֶשְׂרֹנִ֔ים (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction
The two-tenths means two parts out of ten equal parts.
two-tenths
Quote: שְׁנֵי֙ עֶשְׂרֹנִ֔ים (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume
This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “four and a half liters”
two-tenths
Quote: שְׁנֵי֙ עֶשְׂרֹנִ֔ים (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis
The words “of an ephah of fine flour mixed with oil” are understood from the previous phrase and can be repeated. Alternate translation: “two-tenths of an ephah of fine flour (which is about 4.5 liters) mixed with oil”
Numbers 28:29
a tenth, a tenth
Quote: עִשָּׂרוֹן֙ עִשָּׂר֔וֹן (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction
A tenth means one part out of ten equal parts.
a tenth, a tenth
Quote: עִשָּׂרוֹן֙ עִשָּׂר֔וֹן (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume
This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “2 liters”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: fine flour mixed with oil (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “fine flour which you mix with oil”
Numbers 28:30
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: to make atonement (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns
The word “atonement” can be expressed with the verb “atone.” Alternate translation: “to atone”
Numbers 28:31
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: their drink offerings (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
This refers to the drink offerings that are required to accompany each of the animals when they are sacrificed. Alternate translation: “the drink offerings that are offered with them” or “the drink offerings that accompany them”
Numbers 29
Numbers 29 General Notes
Structure and formatting
This chapter continues the material from the previous chapter about offerings on specific days.
Numbers 29:1
General Information:
Yahweh continues telling Moses what the people must do.
And in the seventh month, on the first of the month
Quote: וּבַחֹ֨דֶשׁ הַשְּׁבִיעִ֜י בְּאֶחָ֣ד לַחֹ֗דֶשׁ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths
This refers to the seventh month of the Hebrew calendar. Alternate translation: “And on day 1 of month 7”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: have a holy assembly to honor Yahweh (0)The phrase “a holy assembly” means the people gather together to worship Yahweh. Worshiping Yahweh is a holy event. Alternate translation: “gather together to worship and honor Yahweh”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: It will be a day when you blow trumpets (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche
The word “you” refers to the people of Israel who here represent the priests. The priests blew the trumpet to begin a worship service or to gather the community together. Alternate translation: “It will be a day when the priests blow trumpets”
Numbers 29:3
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: their grain offering (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
This refers to the grain offerings that are required to accompany each of the animals when they are sacrificed. Alternate translation: “the grain offerings that are offered with them” or “the grain offerings that accompany them”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: mixed with oil (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “which you have mixed with oil”
three-tenths
Quote: שְׁלֹשָׁ֤ה עֶשְׂרֹנִים֙ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction
The three-tenths means three parts out of ten equal parts.
three-tenths
Quote: שְׁלֹשָׁ֤ה עֶשְׂרֹנִים֙ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume
This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “six liters”
three-tenths
Quote: שְׁלֹשָׁ֤ה עֶשְׂרֹנִים֙ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis
The phrase “of fine flour mixed with oil” is understood from the previous phrase and can be repeated. Alternate translation: “three-tenths of an ephah (which is about six liters) of fine flour mixed with oil”
two-tenths
Quote: שְׁנֵ֥י עֶשְׂרֹנִ֖ים (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction
The two-tenths means two parts out of ten equal parts.
two-tenths
Quote: שְׁנֵ֥י עֶשְׂרֹנִ֖ים (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume
This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “four and a half liters”
two-tenths
Quote: שְׁנֵ֥י עֶשְׂרֹנִ֖ים (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis
The phrase “of an ephah of fine flour mixed with oil” is understood from earlier in the sentence. Alternate translation: “two-tenths of an ephah (which is about 4.5 liters) of fine flour mixed with oil”
Numbers 29:4
and one-tenth
Quote: וְעִשָּׂר֣וֹן אֶחָ֔ד (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction
The one-tenth means one part out of ten equal parts.
and one-tenth
Quote: וְעִשָּׂר֣וֹן אֶחָ֔ד (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume
This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “2 liters”
and one-tenth
Quote: וְעִשָּׂר֣וֹן אֶחָ֔ד (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis
The phrase “of an ephah of fine flour mixed with oil” is understood from earlier in the sentence. Alternate translation: “a tenth of an ephah (which is about 2 liters) of fine flour mixed with oil”
Numbers 29:5
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: to make atonement (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns
The word “atonement” can be expressed with the verb “atone.” Alternate translation: “to atone”
Numbers 29:6
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: of each month: the special burnt offering … with it (0)This is the offering that is made on the first day of each month. Alternate translation: “of each month—the special burnt offering … with it”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the regular burnt offering, its grain offering, and its drink offerings (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
This refers to the offerings the priests were to give every day. The grain offering and drink offering were to be offered with the regular burnt offering. Alternate translation: “the regular burnt offering, with the grain offering and drink offerings that accompany it”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: you will obey what has been decreed (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you will obey Yahweh’s decree” or “you will obey what Yahweh had decreed”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: an offering made by fire to Yahweh (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “an offering you burnt on the altar to Yahweh”
Numbers 29:7
And on the tenth of this seventh month
Quote: וּבֶעָשׂוֹר֩ לַחֹ֨דֶשׁ הַשְּׁבִיעִ֜י הַזֶּ֗ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal
Alternate translation: “And on day 10 of month 7”
And on the tenth of this seventh month
Quote: וּבֶעָשׂוֹר֩ לַחֹ֨דֶשׁ הַשְּׁבִיעִ֜י הַזֶּ֗ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths
The word month refers to those in the Hebrew calendar.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: have a holy assembly to honor Yahweh (0)The phrase “a holy assembly” means the people gather together to worship Yahweh. Worshiping Yahweh is a holy event. Alternate translation: “gather together to worship and honor Yahweh”
Numbers 29:9
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: fine flour mixed with oil (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “fine flour which you have mixed with oil”
three-tenths
Quote: שְׁלֹשָׁ֤ה עֶשְׂרֹנִים֙ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction
The three-tenths means three parts out of ten equal parts.
three-tenths
Quote: שְׁלֹשָׁ֤ה עֶשְׂרֹנִים֙ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume
This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “six liters”
three-tenths
Quote: שְׁלֹשָׁ֤ה עֶשְׂרֹנִים֙ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis
The words “of an ephah” are understood from earlier in the verse. Alternate translation: “three-tenths of an ephah (which is about six liters) ”
two-tenths
Quote: שְׁנֵי֙ עֶשְׂרֹנִ֔ים (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction
The two-tenths means two parts out of ten equal parts.
two-tenths
Quote: שְׁנֵי֙ עֶשְׂרֹנִ֔ים (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume
This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “four and a half liters”
two-tenths
Quote: שְׁנֵי֙ עֶשְׂרֹנִ֔ים (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis
The words “of an ephah” are understood from earlier in the verse. They can be repeated here. Alternate translation: “two-tenths of an ephah (which is about 4.5 liters)”
Numbers 29:10
a tenth, a tenth
Quote: עִשָּׂרוֹן֙ עִשָּׂר֔וֹן (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction
The tenth means one part out of ten equal parts.
a tenth, a tenth
Quote: עִשָּׂרוֹן֙ עִשָּׂר֔וֹן (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume
This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “2 liters”
a tenth, a tenth
Quote: עִשָּׂרוֹן֙ עִשָּׂר֔וֹן (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis
The words “of an ephah” are understood and you may state them clearly. Alternate translation: “a tenth of an ephah (which is about 2 liters)”
Numbers 29:11
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: of atonement (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns
The word “atonement” can be expressed with the verb “atone.” Alternate translation: “that atones for you”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: its grain offering, and their drink offerings (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
The grain offering was to be offered with the burnt offering. The drink offerings were to be offered with both the sin offering and the burnt offering. Alternate translation: “along with the grain offering and the drink offerings that accompany them”
Numbers 29:12
And on day 15 of the seventh month
Quote: וּבַחֲמִשָּׁה֩ עָשָׂ֨ר י֜וֹם לַחֹ֣דֶשׁ הַשְּׁבִיעִ֗י (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal
Alternate translation: “day 15 of month 7”
And on day 15 of the seventh month
Quote: וּבַחֲמִשָּׁה֩ עָשָׂ֨ר י֜וֹם לַחֹ֣דֶשׁ הַשְּׁבִיעִ֗י (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths
The word month refer to those in the Hebrew calendar.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: have a holy assembly to honor Yahweh (0)The phrase “a holy assembly” means the people gather together to worship Yahweh. Worshiping Yahweh is a holy event. Alternate translation: “gather together to worship and honor Yahweh”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: you must keep the festival for him (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
This is an idiom. Here the word “keep” means to observe or celebrate. The word “him” refers to Yahweh. Alternate translation: “you must observe the festival for Yahweh” or “you must celebrate the festival for Yahweh”
Numbers 29:13
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: a sacrifice made by fire (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. “you must burn it on the altar”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: thirteen young bulls, two rams, and fourteen male lambs (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “13 young bulls, 2 rams, and 14 male lambs”
Numbers 29:14
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: fine flour mixed with oil (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “fine flour which you have mixed with oil”
three-tenths
Quote: שְׁלֹשָׁ֨ה עֶשְׂרֹנִ֜ים (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction
The three-tenths means three parts out of ten equal parts.
three-tenths
Quote: שְׁלֹשָׁ֨ה עֶשְׂרֹנִ֜ים (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume
This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “six liters”
three-tenths
Quote: שְׁלֹשָׁ֨ה עֶשְׂרֹנִ֜ים (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis
The phrase “an ephah of fine flour mixed with oil” is understood from earlier in the sentence and can be repeated. Alternate translation: “three-tenths of an ephah (which is about six liters) of fine flour mixed with oil”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: thirteen bulls (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “13 bulls”
two-tenths
Quote: שְׁנֵ֤י עֶשְׂרֹנִים֙ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction
The two-tenths means two parts out of ten equal parts.
two-tenths
Quote: שְׁנֵ֤י עֶשְׂרֹנִים֙ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume
This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “four and a half liters”
two-tenths
Quote: שְׁנֵ֤י עֶשְׂרֹנִים֙ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis
The phrase “of an ephah of fine flour” is understood from earlier in the sentence. Alternate translation: “two-tenths of an ephah (which is about 4.5 liters) of fine flour mixed with oil”
Numbers 29:15
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: fourteen lambs (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “14 lambs”
and a tenth, a tenth
Quote: וְעִשָּׂרׄוֹן֙ עִשָּׂר֔וֹן (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-fraction
The tenth means one part out of ten equal parts.
and a tenth, a tenth
Quote: וְעִשָּׂרׄוֹן֙ עִשָּׂר֔וֹן (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bvolume
This can be written in modern measurements. Alternate translation: “two liters”
and a tenth, a tenth
Quote: וְעִשָּׂרׄוֹן֙ עִשָּׂר֔וֹן (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis
The phrase “of fine flour” is understood from earlier in the sentence. Alternate translation: “a tenth of an ephah (which is about 2 liters) of fine flour mixed with oil”
Numbers 29:16
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: its grain offering, and the drink offering with it (0)The grain offering and drink offering accompany the regular burnt offering.
Numbers 29:17
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: On the second day of the assembly (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal
Here the word “assembly” refers to the Festival of Weeks. Alternate translation: “On day 2 of the festival”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: twelve young bulls, two rams, and fourteen male lambs (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “12 young bulls, 2 rams, and 14 male lambs”
Numbers 29:18
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: as were commanded (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “as Yahweh commanded”
Numbers 29:19
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: its grain offering, and their drink offerings (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
The grain offering was to be offered with the burnt offering. Drink offerings were to be offered with both the sin offering and the burnt offering. Alternate translation: “along with the grain offering and the drink offerings that accompany them”
Numbers 29:20
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the third day of the assembly (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal
Here the word “assembly” refers to the Festival of Weeks. Alternate translation: “day 3 of the festival”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: eleven bulls, two rams, and fourteen male lambs (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “11 bulls, 2 rams, and 14 male lambs”
Numbers 29:21
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: as were commanded (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “as Yahweh commanded”
Numbers 29:22
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: its grain offering, and their drink offerings (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
The grain offering was to be offered with the burnt offering. The drink offerings were to be offered with both the sin offering and the burnt offering. Alternate translation: “along with the grain offering and the drink offerings that accompany them”
Numbers 29:23
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the fourth day of the assembly (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal
Here the word “assembly” refers to the Festival of Weeks. Alternate translation: “day 4 of the festival”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: fourteen male lambs (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “14 male lambs”
Numbers 29:24
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: as were commanded (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “as Yahweh commanded”
Numbers 29:25
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: its grain offering, and their drink offerings (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
The grain offering was to be offered with the burnt offering. The drink offerings were to be offered with both the sin offering and the burnt offering. Alternate translation: “along with the grain offering and the drink offerings that accompany them”
Numbers 29:26
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the fifth day of the assembly (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal
Here the word “assembly” refers to the Festival of Weeks. Alternate translation: “day 5 of the festival”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: fourteen male lambs (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “14 male lambs”
Numbers 29:27
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: as were commanded (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “as Yahweh commanded”
Numbers 29:28
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: its grain offering, and their drink offerings (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
The grain offering was to be offered with the burnt offering. The drink offerings were to be offered with both the sin offering and the burnt offering. Alternate translation: “along with the grain offering and the drink offerings that accompany them”
Numbers 29:29
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the sixth day of the assembly (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal
Here the word “assembly” refers to the Festival of Weeks. Alternate translation: “day 6 of the festival”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: fourteen male lambs (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “14 male lambs”
Numbers 29:30
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: as were commanded (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “as Yahweh commanded”
Numbers 29:31
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: its grain offering, and their drink offerings (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
The grain offering was to be offered with the burnt offering. The drink offerings were to be offered with both the sin offering and the burnt offering. Alternate translation: “along with the grain offering and the drink offerings that accompany them”
Numbers 29:32
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the seventh day of the assembly (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal
Here the word “assembly” refers to the Festival of Weeks. Alternate translation: “day 7 of the festival”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: fourteen male lambs (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “14 male lambs”
Numbers 29:33
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: as were commanded (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “as Yahweh commanded”
Numbers 29:34
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: its grain offering, and their drink offerings (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
The grain offering was to be offered with the burnt offering. The drink offerings were to be offered with both the sin offering and the burnt offering. Alternate translation: “along with the grain offering and the drink offerings that accompany them”
Numbers 29:35
General Information:
Yahweh tells Moses what the people must do after the seven-day festival in the seventh month.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: eighth day (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal
This “eighth” is the ordinal number for eight.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: have another solemn assembly (0)This is another assembly similar to the one on the first day of the festival. Alternate translation: “gather together again to worship Yahweh”
Numbers 29:36
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: an offering made by fire (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you must burn it on the altar”
Numbers 29:37
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: their grain offering and their drink offerings (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
These offerings were to be offered with the bull, the ram, and the lambs. Alternate translation: “the grain offerings and the drink offerings”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: as were commanded (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “as Yahweh commanded”
Numbers 29:38
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: its grain offering, and their drink offerings (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-possession
The grain offering was to be offered with the burnt offering. The drink offerings were to be offered with both the sin offering and the burnt offering. Alternate translation: “along with the grain offering and the drink offerings that accompany them”
Numbers 29:39
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: These are what you must offer (0)Alternate translation: “These offerings are what you must offer”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: fixed festivals (0)These are festivals that occurred at regularly scheduled times. The word “fixed” means “set” or “predetermined.” Alternate translation: “planned festivals”
Numbers 30
Numbers 30 General Notes
Special concepts in this chapter
Vows
Because a vow is a type of promise, men must do what they have vowed to do. A father or a husband has one day in which to cancel a woman’s vow. Otherwise, she must do what she vowed she would do. (See: INVALID bible/kt/vow and promise, promised)
Numbers 30:2
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: a man makes a vow (0)The words “a man” refer to any man, not one particular man. It refers only to men and does not include women. Alternate translation: “any man”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: to bind himself with a binding promise (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Here Moses speaks of a person promising to do something as if his promise were a physical object that he ties to himself. Alternate translation: “committing to fulfill a promise” or “promising to do something”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: he must not break his word. He must keep his promise to do everything that comes out of his mouth (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism
These two sentences have similar meanings and are combined to emphasize that he must fulfill his promises. Here “word” is a metonym that refers to what he said.
he shall not profane his word
Quote: לֹ֥א יַחֵ֖ל דְּבָר֑וֹ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
The phrase his word refers to a man’s oaths and vows. Alternate translation: “he must fulfill his promises”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: everything that comes out of his mouth (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Here the word “mouth” is a metonym for the things that the man says. Alternate translation: “to do everything that he says he will do”
Numbers 30:3
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: binds herself with a promise (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Here Moses speaks of a woman promising to do something as if her promise were a physical object that she ties to herself. Alternate translation: “commits herself to fulfilling a promise” or “promises to do something”
Numbers 30:4
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the vow and the promise (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet
These two phrases have very similar meanings. They emphasize what she has promised to do. Alternate translation: “the vow”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: by which she has bound herself (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Here Moses speaks of how a woman has committed herself to fulfilling a promise as if her promise were a physical object that she had bound to her body. Alternate translation: “that she has committed herself to fulfill”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: he says nothing to reverse her (0)Alternate translation: “he does not cancel what she has said”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: will stand (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
This is an idiom. It means that her vows will remain in effect and that she will be required to fulfill them. Alternate translation: “she will be obligated to fulfill”
Numbers 30:5
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: her vows or the pledges (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet
These two phrases have very similar meanings. They emphasize what she has promised to do. Alternate translation: “her vows”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: will stand (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
This is an idiom. It means that her vows will remain in effect and she will be required to fulfill them. See how you translated this phrase in Numbers 30:4. Alternate translation: “she will be obligated to fulfill”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Yahweh will release her (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
This refers to Yahweh forgiving her for not fulfilling her vows. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “Yahweh will forgive her for not fulfilling her vows”
Numbers 30:6
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: rash (0)something done without thinking
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: by which she has bound herself (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Here Moses speaks of how a woman has committed herself to fulfilling a promise as if her promise were a physical object that she had bound to her body. Alternate translation: “which she has committed herself to fulfill”
Numbers 30:7
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: says nothing to her (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis
You may need to specify that he says nothing to her about her vow. Alternate translation: “says nothing to her about her vow” or “does not tell her to have Yahweh release her from the vow”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: by which she bound herself (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Here Moses speaks of how a woman has committed herself to fulfilling a promise as if her promise were a physical object that she had bound to her body. Alternate translation: “that she has committed herself to fulfill” See how this is translated in Numbers 30:4.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: will stand (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
This is an idiom. It means that her vows will remain in effect and that she will be required to fulfill them. Alternate translation: “she will be obligated to fulfill” See how this is translated in Numbers 30:4.
Numbers 30:8
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the vow that she has made … the rash talk of her lips (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism
These two phrases refer to the same thing. The second phrase describes the vow that the woman made. Alternate translation: “the vow that she has made … that is, the rash talk of her lips”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the rash talk of her lips (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche
The phrase “the rash talk” refers to the rash promise that she made. Here “her lips” means the woman herself. She is referred to as “her lips” because lips are related to what she says. Alternate translation: “the rash things she has said” or “her rash promise”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: with which she has bound herself (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Here Moses speaks of how a woman has committed herself to fulfilling a promise as if her promise were a physical object that she had bound to her body. Alternate translation: “that she has committed herself to fulfill” See how this is translated in Numbers 30:4.
Numbers 30:9
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: a divorced woman (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “a woman whom a man has divorced”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: will stand against her (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
This is an idiom. It means that her vows will remain in effect and she will be required to fulfill them. See how you translated a similar phrase in Numbers 30:4. Alternate translation: “she will be obligated to fulfill”
Numbers 30:10
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: If a woman made a vow in her husband’s house (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
This refers to a married woman. You can make the meaning of this statement clear. Alternate translation: “If a married woman makes a vow”
Numbers 30:11
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: then all her vows will stand (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
This is an idiom. The phrase “will stand” means that her vows will remain in effect and she will be required to fulfill them. See how you translated a similar phrase in Numbers 30:4. Alternate translation: “then she must fulfill all her vows”
Numbers 30:12
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: then whatever came out of her lips (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Here what the woman said is referred to as something that came out of her lips. Alternate translation: “then whatever she said”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: will not stand (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
This is an idiom. It means that her vows will not remain in effect and she will be not required to fulfill them. See how you translated this phrase in Numbers 30:4. Alternate translation: “she will not be obligated to fulfill”
Numbers 30:13
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: binding oath to afflict her (0)an oath by which the woman says that unless she fulfills the oath, God or other poeple have the right to afflict her
Numbers 30:14
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: binding promises (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Moses describes a woman’s promises as if they were something that she is physically bound by. Alternate translation: “obligations” or “promises”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: will stand (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
This is an idiom. It means that her vows will remain in effect and that she will be required to fulfill them. Alternate translation: “she will be obligated to fulfill” See how this is translated in Numbers 30:4.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: because he has said nothing to her (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis
You can make clear the understood information. Alternate translation: “because he has said nothing to her about them”
Numbers 30:15
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: then he will be responsible for her guilt (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
This means that he will be guilty of her sin instead of her if she does not fulfill her vow. The full meaning of this statement can be made clear. Alternate translation: “if she does not fulfill her vow, she will not be guilty of her sin, and he will be guilty instead of her”
Numbers 31
Numbers 31 General Notes
Special concepts in this chapter
Midianites
Israel killed the Midianites, including Balaam, for tempting them to worship Baal. This battle was at Yahweh’s command. Yahweh would bring justice. (See: just, justice, unjust, injustice, justify, justification)
Numbers 31:2
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Take vengeance on the Midianites for what they did to the Israelites (0)Yahweh was punishing the Midianites for convincing the Israelites to worship idols.
you shall be gathered to your people
Quote: תֵּאָסֵ֥ף אֶל־ עַמֶּֽיךָ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism
This is a polite way to emphasize that it is time for Moses to die and for his spirit to go to the place where his ancestors are.
Numbers 31:3
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Arm some of your men for war (0)Alternate translation: “Give weapons to some of your men”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: go against Midian and carry out Yahweh’s vengeance on it (0)Alternate translation: “go fight a war against the Midianites and punish them for what they did to us”
Numbers 31:4
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: a thousand (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “1,000”
Numbers 31:5
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: twelve thousand (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “12,000”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Israel’s thousands of men (0)Alternate translation: “the thousands of Israel’s men”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: one thousand was provided from each tribe (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “every tribe sent 1,000 men to war”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: twelve thousand men armed for war (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
All 12 tribes sent men, including the tribe of Levi. Each tribe sent 1,000 men into battle.
Numbers 31:8
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Evi, Rekem, Zur, Hur, and Reba (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
These are names of kings of Midian.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Balaam son of Beor (0)Beor was Balaam’s father. See how you translated this in Numbers 22:5.
Numbers 31:9
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: They took these as plunder (0)Alternate translation: “They took the Midianites’ possessions as their own”
Numbers 31:10
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: They burned all their cities where they lived and all their camps (0)Alternate translation: “Israel’s army burned all the Midianites’ cities where the Midianites lived and all the Midianites’ camps”
Numbers 31:11
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: They took (0)Alternate translation: “The army of Israel took”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: plunder (0)This refers to the material goods they recovered from killing the Midianite men.
Numbers 31:12
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: plains (0)a large area of flat land
Numbers 31:14
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the commanders of thousands and the captains of hundreds (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
This could mean: (1) these numbers represent the exact amount of soldiers that these commanders and captains led. Alternate translation: “the commanders of 1,000 soldiers and the captains of 100 soldiers” or (2) the words translated as “thousands” and “hundreds” do not represent exact numbers, but are the names of larger and smaller military divisions. Alternate translation: “the commanders of large military divisions and the captains of smaller military divisions”
Numbers 31:15
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Have you let all the women live? (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion
The law was explicit on who would be permitted to live. The army violated the law by allowing all the women and children to live. This was a rebuke to the army leaders.
Numbers 31:16
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Look (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
This word is used here to draw the audience’s attention to what is said next. Alternate translation: “Listen”
Numbers 31:17
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: has known a man by lying with him (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism
Alternate translation: “has had sexual relations with a man”
Numbers 31:18
General Information:
Moses speaks to the commanders of the Israelite army about becoming clean before God.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: who have not known a man by lying with him (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism
This refers to girls who were virgins. Alternate translation: “who have not had sexual relations with any man”
Numbers 31:19
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: All of you (0)Moses is referring to anyone who fought in battle, not just the commanders.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: you must purify yourselves (0)They must become spiritually clean again before entering the camp.
Numbers 31:20
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: everything made of animal hide and goats’ hair, and everything made of wood (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “everything that someone has made of animal hide, goats’ hair, or wood”
Numbers 31:21
General Information:
Eleazar teaches the soldiers the customs of becoming ceremonially clean before Yahweh after going to war.
Numbers 31:22
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: gold, silver, bronze, iron, tin, and lead (0)metals that were used during that time period
Numbers 31:23
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: that resists fire (0)Alternate translation: “that will not burn”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: put it through the fire (0)Alternate translation: “put it into the fire”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: water of cleansing (0)This refers to water that someone has mixed with ashes from a sin offering. See: Numbers 19:17–19.
Numbers 31:24
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: then you will become clean (0)These are the customs of becoming ceremonially clean before Yahweh.
Numbers 31:26
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Count all the plundered things that were taken (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Count all of the possessions that the soldiers took”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the leaders of the community’s ancestor’s clans (0)Alternate translation: “the leaders of each clan”
Numbers 31:28
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Then levy a tax to be given to me from the soldiers who went out to battle (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Collect a tax from the soldiers’ plunder and give it to me”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: every five hundred (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “every 500”
Numbers 31:29
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: from their half (0)Alternate translation: “from the soldiers’ half”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: to be presented to me (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “which he will present to me”
Numbers 31:30
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Also from the people of Israel’s half (0)Alternate translation: “Also from the people of Israel’s half of the plunder”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: who take care (0)those who oversee and maintain the tabernacle and sacrifices to Yahweh
Numbers 31:32
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Now (0)This word is used here to mark a break in the main teaching. Here Moses begins listing the amount of plunder and how much went to the soldiers, to the people, and to Yahweh.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: 675,000 sheep (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “six hundred and seventy-five thousand sheep”
Numbers 31:33
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: seventy-two thousand oxen (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “72,000 oxen”
Numbers 31:34
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: sixty-one thousand donkeys (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “61,000 donkeys”
Numbers 31:35
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: thirty-two thousand women (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “32,000 women”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: women who had not known a man by lying with him (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism
This refers to women who are virgins. Alternate translation: “women who had no had sexual relations with a man”
Numbers 31:36
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersGeneral Information:
Moses is listing the plunder that goes to the soldiers and the tax that goes to Yahweh.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: The half that was kept for the soldiers (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “The soldiers’ part of the sheep”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: 337,000 sheep (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “three hundred and thirty-seven thousand sheep”
Numbers 31:37
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: was 675 (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “was six hundred and seventy-five”
Numbers 31:38
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: thirty-six thousand (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
36,000
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: seventy-two (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
72
Numbers 31:39
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersGeneral Information:
Moses is listing the plunder that goes to the soldiers and the tax that goes to Yahweh.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: were 30,500 (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “were thirty thousand five hundred”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: sixty-one (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
61
Numbers 31:40
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: sixteen thousand (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
16,000
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: thirty-two (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
32
Numbers 31:41
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: to be an offering presented to Yahweh (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “to be an offering to Yahweh”
Numbers 31:42
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersGeneral Information:
Moses is listing the plunder that goes to the people and the tax that goes to Yahweh.
Numbers 31:43
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: 337,500 sheep (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “three hundred and thirty-seven thousand five hundred sheep”
Numbers 31:44
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: thirty-six thousand oxen (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
36,000 oxen
Numbers 31:46
and 16, 000 human lives
Quote: וְנֶ֣פֶשׁ אָדָ֔ם שִׁשָּׁ֥ה עָשָׂ֖ר אָֽלֶף (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
You can state this number in words. Alternate translation: “and sixteen thousand human lives”
and 16, 000 human lives
Quote: וְנֶ֣פֶשׁ אָדָ֔ם שִׁשָּׁ֥ה עָשָׂ֖ר אָֽלֶף (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
It has been stated earlier that all the males and the married women captives were put to death. Alternate translation: “and 16,000 women”
Numbers 31:47
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbersGeneral Information:
Moses is listing the plunder that goes to the people and the tax that goes to Yahweh.
General Information:
The tax on the people’s portion was higher than the tax on the soldiers’ portion.
Numbers 31:48
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the commanders over thousands and the captains over hundreds (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
This could mean: (1) these numbers represent the exact amount of soldiers that these commanders and captains led. Alternate translation: “the commanders over 1,000 soldiers and the captains over 100 soldiers” or (2) the words translated as “thousands” and “hundreds” do not represent exact numbers, but are the names of larger and smaller military divisions. Alternate translation: “the commanders over large military divisions and the captains over smaller military divisions” See how you translated a similar phrase in Numbers 31:14.
Numbers 31:49
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Your servants have counted (0)The commanders refer to themselves as “your servants.” This is a polite way to speak to someone with greater authority.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: not one man is missing (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes
This can be stated in a positive statement. “we know for certain that every man is here”
Numbers 31:50
General Information:
The officers of the army continue speaking to Moses.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: armlets and bracelets, signet rings, earrings, and necklaces (0)These are all types of jewelry that people wore.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: to make atonement for ourselves before Yahweh (0)Alternate translation: “to thank God for saving our lives”
Numbers 31:51
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the gold and all the articles of craftsmanship (0)Alternate translation: “all the articles of gold” or “all the golden jewelry”
Numbers 31:52
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: All the gold of the offering that they gave to Yahweh—the offerings from the commanders of thousands and from the captains of hundreds—weighed (0)Alternate translation: “All the gold of the offering that the commanders of thousands and the captains of hundreds gave to Yahweh weighed”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: from the commanders of thousands and from the captains of hundreds (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
This could mean: (1) these numbers represent the exact amount of soldiers that these commanders and captains led. Alternate translation: “from the commanders of 1,000 soldiers and from the captains of 100 soldiers” or (2) the words translated as “thousands” and “hundreds” do not represent exact numbers, but are the names of larger and smaller military divisions. Alternate translation: “from the commanders of large military divisions and from the captains of smaller military divisions” See how you translated a similar phrase in Numbers 31:14.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: 16,750 (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “sixteen thousand, seven hundred and fifty”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: shekels (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bmoney
A shekel is 11 grams.
Numbers 31:54
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: as a reminder of the people of Israel for Yahweh (0)The gold will remind the people that Yahweh gave them victory. It will also remind Yahweh that the people fulfilled his revenge on the Midianites.
Numbers 32
Numbers 32 General Notes
Structure and formatting
Reuben and Gad’s inheritance
Reuben and Gad were given the land conquered east of the Jordan River. This land had good pastures, and suited these tribes because they had many sheep, goats and cattle. They had not yet entered into the Promised Land, and it would have been sinful to not fight with the rest of Israel. So they promised to enter the land to fight with the other tribes, and then return to their own land. (See: sin, sinful, sinner, sinning and Promised Land and promise, promised)
Numbers 32:1
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Now (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/writing-background
This word is used here to mark a break in the main story line. Here Moses tells background information about the tribes of Reuben and Gad.
Numbers 32:3
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Ataroth, Dibon, Jazer, Nimrah, Heshbon, Elealeh, Sebam, Nebo, and Beon (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
These are names of cities.
Numbers 32:4
General Information:
The people from Reuben and Gad continue speaking to Moses, Eleazar, and the other leaders.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the lands that Yahweh attacked before the community of Israel (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Yahweh enabling the Israelites to conquer the people who lived in the land is spoken of as if Yahweh went before the Israelites and attacked the people. Alternate translation: “the lands where Yahweh enabled us to defeat the people living there”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: We, your servants (0)The people of the tribes of Reuben and Gad refer to themselves in this way to show respect to a person of higher authority.
Numbers 32:5
If we have found favor in your eyes
Quote: אִם־ מָצָ֤אנוּ חֵן֙ בְּעֵינֶ֔יךָ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Here, eyes are a metonym for sight. Alternate translation: “If we have found favor in your sight”
If we have found favor in your eyes
Quote: אִם־ מָצָ֤אנוּ חֵן֙ בְּעֵינֶ֔יךָ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
Here, found favor is an idiom that means be approved of or that the leaders are pleased with them. Alternate translation: “If you are pleased with us”
If we have found favor in your eyes
Quote: אִם־ מָצָ֤אנוּ חֵן֙ בְּעֵינֶ֔יךָ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Here, for Moses to see with his eyes is a metaphor representing his evaluation. Alternate translation: “If we have found favor with you”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: let this land be given to us (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “give this land to us”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Do not make us cross over the Jordan (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
They wanted the land on the east side of the Jordan River instead of crossing over to the west side and claiming land there. Alternate translation: “Do not make us cross over the Jordan to take possession of land on that side”
Numbers 32:6
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Should your brothers go to war while you settle down here? (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion
Moses asks this question to rebuke the people from the tribes of Gad and Reuben. Alternate translation: “It is wrong for you to settle down in this land while your brothers go to war.”
Numbers 32:7
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Why discourage the hearts … the land that Yahweh has given them? (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion
Moses asks this question to correct the people from the tribes of Gad and Reuben. Alternate translation: “Do not discourage the hearts … the land that Yahweh has given them.” or “Your actions would discourage the hearts … the land that Yahweh has given them.”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: discourage the hearts of the people of Israel from going (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche
Here the word “hearts” represents the people themselves and refers to the seat of their emotions. Alternate translation: “discourage the people of Israel from going” or “cause the people of Israel to not want to go”
Numbers 32:9
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Valley of Eshkol (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
This is the name of a place. See how you translated this in Numbers 13:23.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: They saw the land (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
This refers to seeing what was in the land. Alternate translation: “They saw the strong people and cities in the land”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: discouraged the hearts of the people of Israel (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche
Here the word “hearts” represents the people themselves and refers to the seat of their emotions. See how you translated this in Numbers 32:7. Alternate translation: “discouraged the people of Israel”
Numbers 32:10
And the nose of Yahweh burned
Quote: וַיִּֽחַר־ אַ֥ף יְהוָ֖ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Yahweh becoming angry is spoken of as if his nose begins to burn. Alternate translation: “Yahweh became very angry”
Numbers 32:11
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: none of the men (0)This phrase refers to both men and women. Alternate translation: “none of the people”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: twenty years old and up (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “20 years old or older”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: completely followed me (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Being devoted to Yahweh and obeying him are spoken of as if they were following Yahweh. Alternate translation: “completely obeyed me” or “been completely devoted to me”
Numbers 32:12
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Jephunneh … Nun (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
These are names of men.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Kenizzite (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
This is the name of a people group.
Numbers 32:13
And the nose of Yahweh burned against Israel
Quote: וַיִּֽחַר־ אַ֤ף יְהוָה֙ בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Yahweh becoming angry is spoken of as if his nose begins to burn. Alternate translation: “Yahweh became very angry with Israel”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: forty years (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “40 years”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: all the generation … sight was destroyed (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “he destroyed all the generation … sight” or “all the generation … sight had died”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: who had done evil in his sight (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
Being in someone’s sight means to be in front of that person where he can see. Alternate translation: “who had done evil before Yahweh” or “who had done evil in Yahweh’s presence”
Numbers 32:14
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: you have risen up in your fathers’ place (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
The people of Reuben and Gad acting like their ancestors did is spoken of as if they were standing in the place where their ancestors did. Alternate translation: “you have begun to act just like your ancestors”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: to add to Yahweh’s burning anger toward Israel (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
The people causing Yahweh to become angrier is spoken of as if his anger was a fire and the people are adding more fuel to that fire. Alternate translation: “to cause Yahweh to be even more angry with Israel”
Numbers 32:15
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: all this people (0)Alternate translation: “this entire people” or “all this generation of people”
Numbers 32:17
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: will be ready and armed (0)Alternate translation: “will be ready with weapons” or “will be ready to fight a war”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: in the fortified cities (0)Alternate translation: “in the secured cities”
Numbers 32:18
General Information:
The leaders of Gad and Reuben continue speaking.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: has obtained his inheritance (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
The land that the people were to receive as a permanent possession is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that they were to obtain. Alternate translation: “has taken possession of his portion of the land”
Numbers 32:20
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: if you arm yourselves (0)Alternate translation: “if you take your weapons”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: before Yahweh (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
This means Yahweh will go with them to battle and enable them to defeat their enemy and take their land. Alternate translation: “in the presence of Yahweh”
Numbers 32:21
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: until he has driven out his enemies from before him (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
The pronouns here all refer to Yahweh. Yahweh enabling the Israelites to defeat their enemies is spoken of as if Yahweh were fighting their battles. Alternate translation: “until Yahweh has enabled your soldiers to defeat the enemy and force them away from his presence”
Numbers 32:22
and the land is subdued before the face of Yahweh
Quote: וְנִכְבְּשָׁ֨ה הָאָ֜רֶץ לִפְנֵ֤י יְהוָה֙ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Here, land refers to the people who live there. Alternate translation: “and the people of the land are subdued before the face of Yahweh”
and the land is subdued before the face of Yahweh
Quote: וְנִכְבְּשָׁ֨ה הָאָ֜רֶץ לִפְנֵ֤י יְהוָה֙ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “and the Israelites have subdued the people who live in the land before Yahweh”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: you may return (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
It is implied that they will return to the east side of the Jordan. Alternate translation: “you may return to this land on the east side of the Jordan”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: You will be guiltless toward Yahweh and toward Israel (0)This could mean: (1) “You will have fulfilled your obligation to Yahweh and to Israel” or (2) “There will be nothing for which Yahweh or the people of Israel can blame you.”
Numbers 32:23
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Be sure that your sin will find you out (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-personification
Moses speaks of sin as if it were a person who will condemn the guilty person. This means that the people cannot escape the punishment that their sin deserves. Alternate translation: “Know for sure that Yahweh will punish you for your sin”
Numbers 32:25
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Your servants (0)The people of Gad and Reuben refer to themselves as “your servants.” This is a polite way of speaking to someone with greater authority.
Numbers 32:27
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: will cross over (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
You can make it clear that they will cross over the Jordan. Alternate translation: “will cross over the Jordan River”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: every man who is armed for war (0)Alternate translation: “every man prepared for war”
Numbers 32:29
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: every man who is armed (0)Alternate translation: “every man who is ready with his weapon”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: if the land is subdued before you (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
Here the word “land” refers to the people who live there. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “if Yahweh subdues before you the people living in the land” or “if they help you subdue the people living in the land”
Numbers 32:30
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: then they will acquire their possessions among you in the land of Canaan (0)Alternate translation: “then the descendants of Gad and Reuben will receive land with you in Canaan”
Numbers 32:32
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: We will cross over armed (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
You can make it clear that they will cross the Jordan. Alternate translation: “We will cross over the Jordan ready to fight”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: our possessed inheritance (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
The land that the people were to receive as a permanent possession is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that they were to obtain. Alternate translation: “the portion of land that we will possess”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: will remain with us (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom
This idiom refers to ownership. Alternate translation: “will be ours”
Numbers 32:33
Sihon … Og
Quote: סִיחֹן֙ & ע֖וֹג (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
Sihon and Og are names of kings who ruled two separate kingdoms.
Numbers 32:34
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Dibon, Ataroth, Aroer (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
These are names of cities.
Numbers 32:35
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Atroth Shophan, Jazer, Jogbehah (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
These are names of cities.
Numbers 32:36
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Beth Nimrah, and Beth Haran (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
These are names of cities.
Numbers 32:37
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Heshbon, Elealeh, Kiriathaim (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
These are names of cities.
Numbers 32:38
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Nebo, Baal Meon … Sibmah (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
These are names of cities.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: their names were later changed (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “people later changed the names of these cities”
Numbers 32:39
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Machir (0)This is the name of a man. See how you translated this name in Numbers 26:29.
Numbers 32:41
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Jair (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
This is the name of a man.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Havvoth Jair (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
This is the name of a city.
Numbers 32:42
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Nobah (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
This is the name of a man.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Kenath (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
This is the name of a city.
Numbers 33
Numbers 33 General Notes
Structure and formatting
This chapter is a summary of Israel’s exodus from Egypt to the Promised Land, including their wandering through the desert. The phrase “they set out” means “they left.”
Numbers 33:1
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: by their armed groups (0)This means that each tribe had their own men, who were armed, to protect them. See how you translated “armed groups” in Numbers 1:3. Alternate translation: “by their military divisions”
Numbers 33:2
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: as commanded by Yahweh (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “as Yahweh commanded”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: departure after departure (0)Alternate translation: “from one place to another place”
Numbers 33:3
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesGeneral Information:
Moses lists the places the Israelites went after they left Egypt.
on the first month, on day 15 of the first month
Quote: בַּחֹ֣דֶשׁ הָֽרִאשׁ֔וֹן בַּחֲמִשָּׁ֥ה עָשָׂ֛ר י֖וֹם לַחֹ֣דֶשׁ הָרִאשׁ֑וֹן (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal
Here, first is the ordinal number one.
on the first month, on day 15 of the first month
Quote: בַּחֹ֣דֶשׁ הָֽרִאשׁ֔וֹן בַּחֲמִשָּׁ֥ה עָשָׂ֛ר י֖וֹם לַחֹ֣דֶשׁ הָרִאשׁ֑וֹן (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths
This is the first month of the Hebrew calendar. The fifteenth day is near the beginning of April on Western calendars.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the people of Israel left openly, in the sight of all the Egyptians (0)Alternate translation: “the Israelites left in plain view of the Egyptians”
Numbers 33:4
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: their firstborn (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
This refers to the firstborn sons. Alternate translation: “their firstborn sons”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: he also inflicted punishment on their gods (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Yahweh proving that he is more powerful than all of the false gods that the Egyptians worshiped is spoken of as if Yahweh punished those false gods. Alternate translation: “he also proved that he is greater than their gods”
Numbers 33:5
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesGeneral Information:
Moses lists the places the Israelites went after they left Egypt.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: set out from (0)Alternate translation: “departed from”
Numbers 33:6
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: on the edge of the wilderness (0)Alternate translation: “on the border of the wilderness”
Numbers 33:8
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesGeneral Information:
Moses lists the places the Israelites went after they left Egypt.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: passed through the middle of the sea (0)This refers to when Yahweh divided the Red Sea so that the Israelites could escape from the Egyptian army.
Numbers 33:9
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: twelve springs … seventy palm trees (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “12 springs … 70 palm trees”
Numbers 33:11
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesGeneral Information:
Moses lists the places the Israelites went after they left Egypt.
Numbers 33:14
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: where no water was found for the people to drink (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “where the people could not find water to drink”
Numbers 33:15
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesGeneral Information:
Moses lists the places the Israelites went after they left Egypt.
Numbers 33:19
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesGeneral Information:
Moses lists the places the Israelites went after they left Egypt.
Numbers 33:23
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesGeneral Information:
Moses lists the places the Israelites went after they left Egypt.
Numbers 33:27
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesGeneral Information:
Moses lists the places the Israelites went after they left Egypt.
Numbers 33:31
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesGeneral Information:
Moses lists the places the Israelites went after they left Egypt.
Numbers 33:35
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesGeneral Information:
Moses lists the places the Israelites went after they left Egypt.
Numbers 33:38
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: in the fortieth year after (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal
Here “fortieth” is the ordinal number for forty. Alternate translation: “40 years after”
in the fifth month, on 1 of the month
Quote: בַּחֹ֥דֶשׁ הַחֲמִישִׁ֖י בְּאֶחָ֥ד לַחֹֽדֶשׁ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal
Here, fifth is the ordinal number for five.
in the fifth month, on 1 of the month
Quote: בַּחֹ֥דֶשׁ הַחֲמִישִׁ֖י בְּאֶחָ֥ד לַחֹֽדֶשׁ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-hebrewmonths
This is the fifth month of the Hebrew calendar. The first day is near the middle of July on Western calendars.
Numbers 33:39
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: 123 years old (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “one hundred and twenty-three years old”
Numbers 33:40
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: The Canaanite, the king of Arad (0)Alternate translation: “The Canaanite king of Arad”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Arad (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
This was the name of a Canaanite city.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: heard of the coming of the people of Israel (0)Alternate translation: “heard that the people of Israel were coming”
Numbers 33:41
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesGeneral Information:
Moses lists the places the Israelites went after they left Egypt.
Numbers 33:44
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesGeneral Information:
Moses lists the places the Israelites went after they left Egypt.
Numbers 33:47
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesGeneral Information:
Moses lists the places the Israelites went after they left Egypt.
Numbers 33:48
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: plains (0)a large area of flat land
Numbers 33:52
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: demolish all their high places (0)Alternate translation: “destroy all of their high places”
Numbers 33:54
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: inherit the land (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
The Israelites claiming the land as their permanent possession is spoken of as if they were inheriting the land.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Wherever the lot falls to each clan, that land will belong to it (0)Alternate translation: “Each clan will receive the land according to how the lot falls”
Numbers 33:55
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: like objects in your eyes and thorns in your sides (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-simile
Just like a small object in a person’s eye or a small thorn that sticks into a person skin can cause great irritation, so even a small portion of the Canaanites, if left in the land, would cause great trouble for the Israelites.
Numbers 34
Numbers 34 General Notes
Structure and formatting
The ULT sets the lines in 34:19–28 farther to the right on the page than the rest of the text because they are long lists.
Special concepts in this chapter
The boundaries
Moses told them all of the land they would inherit and live in and said that they should divide it up by casting lots. (See: inherit, inheritance, heir)
Numbers 34:3
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: wilderness of Zin (0)See how you translated this phrase in Numbers 33:12.
Numbers 34:7
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Mount Hor (0)See how you translated this name in Numbers 20:22.
Numbers 34:13
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: to the nine tribes and to the half tribe (0)This means the remaining tribes of Israel who will live on the west side of the Jordan River in the land of Canaan. The tribes of Reuben and Gad and the half tribe of Manasseh had already received their land on the east side of the Jordan River.
Numbers 34:14
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: following the assignment of property to their ancestor’s tribe (0)Alternate translation: “according to how Yahweh assigned the property to their ancestor’s tribe”
Numbers 34:15
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: The two tribes and the half tribe (0)Alternate translation: “The tribes of Reuben and Gad, and half of the tribe of Manasseh”
Numbers 34:17
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: divide the land for your inheritance (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-you
Here “your” is plural and refers to the people of Israel. These men will cast lots to divide the land. Then they will distribute it to the tribes.
Numbers 34:19
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesGeneral Information:
This is the list of men who will help divide the land among the tribes.
Numbers 34:27
Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-namesGeneral Information:
This concludes the list of men who will help divide the land among the tribes.
Numbers 35
Numbers 35 General Notes
Structure and formatting
This chapter continues the material from the previous chapter.
Special concepts in this chapter
Revenge
Yahweh told Moses to establish safe places for people who accidentally killed other people. This prevented revenge killings. Justice is an important concept in this chapter. (See: avenge, avenger, revenge, vengeance and just, justice, unjust, injustice, justify, justification)
Numbers 35:1
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: plains (0)a large area of flat land
Numbers 35:2
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: give some of their own shares of land to the Levites (0)Yahweh did not give the Levites their own land, so they had to live in cities that belonged to other tribes.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: pastureland (0)an area of land where animals feed on grass
Numbers 35:4
1, 000 cubits
Quote: אֶ֥לֶף אַמָּ֖ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
You can state this number in words. Alternate translation: “one thousand cubits”
1, 000 cubits
Quote: אֶ֥לֶף אַמָּ֖ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance
If it is necessary to use modern distance units, here is a way of doing it. Alternate translation: “457 meters”
Numbers 35:5
2, 000 by the cubit … 2, 000 by the cubit … 2, 000 by the cubit
Quote: אַלְפַּ֪יִם בָּֽאַמָּ֟ה & אַלְפַּ֨יִם בָּאַמָּ֜ה & אַלְפַּ֣יִם בָּֽאַמָּ֗ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
You can state these numbers in words. Alternate translation: “two thousand cubits … two thousand cubits … two thousand cubits”
2, 000 by the cubit … 2, 000 by the cubit … 2, 000 by the cubit
Quote: אַלְפַּ֪יִם בָּֽאַמָּ֟ה & אַלְפַּ֨יִם בָּאַמָּ֜ה & אַלְפַּ֣יִם בָּֽאַמָּ֗ה (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-bdistance
You can state this in modern measurements. A cubit is 46 centimeters. Alternate translation: “920 meters … 920 meters … 920 meters”
Numbers 35:6
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: a person who has killed someone (0)This refers to people who have killed someone, but it had not yet been determined whether they killed the person intentionally or accidentally.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: forty-two (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “42”
Numbers 35:7
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: forty-eight (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-numbers
Alternate translation: “48”
Numbers 35:11
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: unintentionally (0)accidentally or without wanting to or trying to
Numbers 35:12
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the avenger (0)This refers to a close relative that seeks vengeance by killing the accused man.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: so that the accused man will not be killed without first standing trial before the community (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “so that no one will kill the accused man before the community is able to judge him in court”
Numbers 35:16
The one who murders shall certainly be put to death
Quote: מ֥וֹת יוּמַ֖ת הָרֹצֵֽחַ (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “You must certainly execute the one who murders another person”
Numbers 35:19
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: The avenger of blood (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Here the word “blood” is a metonym for the murder. Alternate translation: “The one who avenges the murder” or “The relative seeking vengeance”
Numbers 35:22
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: without premeditated hate (0)Alternate translation: “without planning it out of hate ahead of time”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: without lying in wait (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Someone intentionally seeking a way to harm another person is spoken of as if someone were hiding in order to ambush that other person. Alternate translation: “without intentionally having tried to harm the victim”
Numbers 35:24
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the avenger of blood (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Here the word “blood” is a metonym for the murder. See how you translated this phrase in Numbers 35:19. Alternate translation: “the one who avenges the murder” or “the relative seeking vengeance”
Numbers 35:25
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: The community must rescue the accused (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
This means if the community judges that the death was accidental then they must save the accused man from the relative who wants to kill him. If the community judges that the death was not accidental, then the relative must execute the accused man.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the one who was anointed with the holy oil (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “the one you anointed with holy oil”
Numbers 35:27
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the avenger of blood (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
Here the word “blood” is a metonym for the murder. See how you translated these words in Numbers 35:19. Alternate translation: “the one who avenges the murder” or “the relative seeking vengeance”
Numbers 35:29
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: through all your people’s generations (0)Alternate translation: “and all of your descendants who will live after you”
Numbers 35:30
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the murderer must be killed (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “someone must execute the murderer”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: as testified to by the words of witnesses (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “according to the testimony of witnesses” or “as witnesses testify to the murder”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: But one witness’ word alone may not cause any person to be put to death (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
The testimony of one witness is not enough to execute a person for murder. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “But the word of only one witness is not enough for you to execute a person”
Numbers 35:31
he shall certainly be put to death
Quote: מ֖וֹת יוּמָֽת (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “you must execute him”
Numbers 35:32
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: You must not … allow him to reside on his own property (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
This implied that the man would have left the city of refuge and returned home. Alternate translation: “You must not … allow him to leave the city of refuge and return home to live on his own property”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: in this way (0)Alternate translation: “by accepting a ransom”
Numbers 35:33
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Do not pollute in this way the land where you live, because blood from murder pollutes the land (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Making the land unacceptable to Yahweh is spoken of as if it were physically polluting the land. Alternate translation: “Do not make the land where you live unacceptable to me in this way, because blood from murder makes the land unacceptable to me”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: in this way (0)This means by disobeying the laws concerning a person who kills someone.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: No atonement can be made for the land when blood has been shed on it, except by the blood of the one who shed it (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
This refers to when a person intentionally kills another person. If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “When someone has shed blood in the land, only the execution of the murderer can make atonement for the land”
Numbers 36
Numbers 36 General Notes
Structure and formatting
Female heirs
Women who inherited land from their father must marry men from their tribe so the inheritance does not leave the tribe. (See: inherit, inheritance, heir)
Numbers 36:1
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Machir (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
This is the name of a man. See how you translated this man’s name in Numbers 26:29.
Numbers 36:2
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: You were commanded by Yahweh (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Yahweh commanded you”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Zelophehad (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
This is the name of a man. See how you translated this man’s name in Numbers 26:33.
Numbers 36:3
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: will be removed from our ancestor’s share (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “will no longer belong to our ancestor’s share”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: It will be added (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “It will belong to”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: it will be removed from the assigned share of our inheritance (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “it will no longer be a part of our inheritance”
Numbers 36:4
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: the year of Jubilee of the people (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
This refers to a celebration which happens once every fifty years. In this celebration, all land that someone sold or traded must return to the original owner.
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: their share will be joined (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “their share will belong”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: their share will be taken away from the share of our ancestors’ tribe (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “they will take our tribe’s share of the land”
Numbers 36:5
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: at Yahweh’s word (0)Alternate translation: “according to what Yahweh said”
Numbers 36:6
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Let them be married to whom they think best (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “Let them marry whom they want”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: they must marry only within the family of their father’s tribe (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive
If your language does not use the passive form in this way, you can state this in active form or in another way that is natural in your language. Alternate translation: “but they may only marry someone from their father’s tribe”
Numbers 36:7
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: No share (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy
The word “share” represents the portion of land that each tribe received as an inheritance. Alternate translation: “No portion of the land”
Numbers 36:8
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: who owns a share in her tribe (0)Alternate translation: “who owns a share of land in her tribe”
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: may own an inheritance (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
The land that each clan possesses is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that they received.
Numbers 36:9
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: No share may change hands from one tribe to another (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
Transferring ownership from one tribe to another is spoken of as if the property passed from one person’s hands to another person’s hands. Alternate translation: “No one may transfer the ownership of any share of land from one tribe to another”
Numbers 36:11
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: Mahlah, Tirzah, Hoglah, Milkah, and Noah (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/translate-names
See how you translated these women’s names in Numbers 26:33.
Numbers 36:12
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: their inheritances (0)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
The land that each of Zelophehad’s daughters possessed is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that they received. Alternate translation: “the lands that they received as an inheritance”
Numbers 36:13
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: plains (0)a large area of flat land
Numbers 1
Numbers 1:26
according to their clans, according to the house of their fathers
Quote: לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֖ם לְבֵ֣ית אֲבֹתָ֑ם (1)Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: בְּמִסְפַּ֣ר שֵׁמֹ֗ת ()Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor
See how you translated this phrase in 1:2.
Numbers 2
Numbers 2:16
[GL Quote Not Found!]
Quote: מְאַ֨ת אֶ֜לֶף וְאֶחָ֨ד וַחֲמִשִּׁ֥ים אֶ֛לֶף וְאַרְבַּע־ מֵא֥וֹת וַחֲמִשִּׁ֖ים ()Support Reference: rc://*/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit
This refers to the men. Alternate translation: “ are 151,450 men”