Hebrews

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', 'front', 'intro', 'xy4n', '', '', '0', '', '# Introduction to Hebrews

## Part 1: General Introduction

### Outline of the Book of Hebrews

1. Jesus is superior to God’s prophets and angels (1:1-4:13)
1. Jesus is superior to the priests who serve in the temple in Jerusalem (4:14-7:28)
1. Jesus’ ministry is superior to the old covenant that God made with his people (8:1-10:39)
1. What faith is like (11:1-40)
1. Encouragement to be faithful to God (12:1-29)
1. Concluding encouragements and greetings (13:1-25)

### Who wrote the Book of Hebrews?

No one knows who wrote Hebrews. Scholars have suggested several different people who could possibly be the author. Possible authors are Paul, Luke, and Barnabas. The date of writing is also not known. Most scholars think it was written before A.D. 70. Jerusalem was destroyed in A.D. 70, but the writer of this letter spoke about Jerusalem as if it had not yet been destroyed.

### What is the Book of Hebrews about?

In the Book of Hebrews, the author shows that Jesus fulfilled Old Testament prophecies. The author did this in order to encourage the Jewish Christians and to explain that Jesus is better than anything that the old covenant had to offer. Jesus is the perfect High Priest. Jesus was also the perfect sacrifice. Animal sacrifices became useless because Jesus’ sacrifice was once and for all time. Therefore, Jesus is the one and only way for people to be accepted by God.

### How should the title of this book be translated?

Translators may choose to call this book by its traditional title, “Hebrews.” Or they may choose a clearer title, such as “The Letter to the Hebrews” or “A Letter to the Jewish Christians.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])

## Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts

### Can readers understand this book without knowing about the sacrifices and the work of the priests required in the Old Testament?

It would be very difficult for readers to understand this book without understanding these matters. Translators might consider explaining some of these Old Testament concepts in notes or in an introduction to this book.

### How is the idea of blood used in the Book of Hebrews?

Beginning in [Hebrews 9:7](../heb/09/07.md), the idea of blood is often used as metonymy to represent the death of any animal that was sacrificed according to God’s covenant with Israel. The author also used blood to represent the death of Jesus Christ. Jesus became the perfect sacrifice so that God would forgive people for sinning against him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])

Beginning in [Hebrews 9:19](../heb/09/19.md), the author used the idea of sprinkling as a symbolic action. Old Testament priests sprinkled the blood of the animals sacrificed. This was a symbol of the benefits of the animal’s death being applied to the people or to an object. This showed that the people or the object was acceptable to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])

## Part 3: Important Translation Issues

### How are the ideas of “holy” and “sanctify” represented in Hebrews in the ULT?

The scriptures use such words to indicate any one of various ideas. For this reason, it is often difficult for translators to represent them well in their versions. In translating into English, the ULT uses the following principles:
* Sometimes the meaning in a passage implies moral holiness. Especially important for understanding the gospel is the fact that God views Christians as sinless because they are united to Jesus Christ. Another related fact is that God is perfect and faultless. A third fact that Christians are to conduct themselves in a blameless, faultless manner in life. In these cases, the ULT uses “holy,” “holy God,” “holy ones,” or “holy people.”
* Sometimes the meaning indicates a simple reference to Christians without implying any particular role filled by them. In these cases, the ULT uses “believer” or “believers.” (See: 6:10; 13:24)
* Sometimes the meaning implies the idea of someone or something set apart for God alone. In these cases, the ULT uses “sanctify,” “set apart,” “dedicated to,” or “reserved for.” (See: 2:11: 9:13; 10:10, 14, 29; 13:12)

The UST will often be helpful as translators think about how to represent these ideas in their own versions.

### What are the major issues in the text of the Book of Hebrews?

For the following verses, modern versions of the Bible differ from older versions. The ULT text has the modern reading and puts the older reading in a footnote. If a translation of the Bible exists in the general region, translators should consider using the reading found in those versions. If not, translators are advised to follow the modern reading.
* “you crowned him with glory and honor” (2:7). Some older versions read, “you crowned him with glory and honor and you have put him over the works of your hands.”
* “those who did not unite in faith with those who obeyed” (4:2). Some older versions read, “those who heard it without joining faith to it.”
* “Christ came as a high priest of the good things that have come” (9:11). Some modern versions and older versions read, “Christ came as a high priest of the good things that are to come.”
* “on those who were prisoners” (10:34). Some older versions read, “of me in my chains.”
* “They were stoned. They were sawn in two. They were killed with the sword” (11:37). Some older versions read, “They were stoned. They were sawn in two. They were tempted. They were killed with the sword.”
* “If even an animal touches the mountain, it must be stoned” (12:20). Some older versions read, “If even an animal touches the mountain, it must be stoned or shot with an arrow.”

(See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-textvariants]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '1', 'intro', 'aaf9', '', '', '0', '', '# Hebrews 1 General Notes

## Structure and formatting

This chapter describes how Jesus is more important to us than the angels are.

Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 1:5, 7-13, which are words from the Old Testament.

### “Our ancestors”

The writer wrote this letter to Christians who had grown up as Jews. This is why the letter is called “Hebrews.”

## Important figures of speech in this chapter

### Rhetorical questions

The author uses rhetorical questions as a way of proving Jesus is better than the angels. Both he and the readers know the answers to the questions, and the writer knows that as the readers think about the answers to the questions, they will realize that God’s Son is more important than any of the angels.

### Poetry

Jewish teachers, like the Old Testament prophets, would put their most important teachings in the form of poetry so that the hearers would be able to learn and remember them.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '1', '1', 'c5f3', '', '', '0', 'General Information:', 'Although this letter does not mention the recipients to whom it was sent, the author wrote particularly to Hebrews (Jews), who would have understood the many Old Testament references.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '1', '1', 'c5f4', '', '', '0', 'General Information:', 'This prologue lays the background for the whole book: the unsurpassing greatness of the Son—the Son is greater than all. The book begins with emphasizing that the Son is better than the prophets and the angels.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '1', '2', 'scr8', '', 'ἐπ’ ἐσχάτου τῶν ἡμερῶν τούτων', '1', 'in these last days', 'The phrase **these last days** refers to the time when Jesus began his ministry, extending until God establishes his complete rule in his creation. Alternate translation: “in these final days”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '1', '2', 'd386', 'guidelines-sonofgodprinciples', 'Υἱῷ', '1', 'through a Son', '**Son** here is an important title for Jesus, the Son of God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '1', '2', 'i93z', 'figs-metaphor', 'κληρονόμον πάντων', '1', 'to be the heir of all things', 'The author speaks of the Son as if he will inherit wealth and property from his Father. Alternate translation: “to possess all things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '1', '2', 'gqj8', '', 'δι’ οὗ καὶ ἐποίησεν τοὺς αἰῶνας;', '1', 'It is through him that God also made the universe', 'Alternate translation: “it is through the Son that God also made all things”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '1', '3', 'hn4q', '', 'ἀπαύγασμα τῆς δόξης', '1', 'the brightness of God’s glory', 'God’s **glory** is associated with a very bright light. The author is saying that the Son embodies that light and fully represents God’s glory. Alternate translation: “the light of his glory”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '1', '3', 'b7jc', '', 'τῆς δόξης καὶ χαρακτὴρ τῆς ὑποστάσεως αὐτοῦ', '1', 'glory, the exact representation of his being', 'The phrase **exact representation of his being** is similar in meaning to **brightness of his glory**. The **of his** embodies the character and essence of God and fully represents everything that God is. Alternate translation: “of his glory and is just like God” or “of his glory, and what is true about God is true about the Son”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '1', '3', 'ms8z', 'figs-metonymy', 'τῷ ῥήματι τῆς δυνάμεως αὐτοῦ', '1', 'the word of his power', 'Here, **word** refers to a message or command. Alternate translation: “his powerful word” or “his powerful command” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '1', '3', 'l1pg', 'figs-abstractnouns', 'καθαρισμὸν τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν ποιησάμενος', '1', 'After he had made cleansing for sins', 'The abstract noun **cleansing** can be expressed as a verb: “making clean.” Alternate translation: “after he had finished making us clean from sins” or “after he had finished purifying us from our sins” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '1', '3', 'f729', 'figs-metaphor', 'καθαρισμὸν τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν ποιησάμενος', '1', 'he had made cleansing for sins', 'The author speaks of forgiving **sins** as if it were making a person clean. Alternate translation: “he had made it possible for God to forgive our sins” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '1', '3', 'xij7', 'translate-symaction', 'ἐκάθισεν ἐν δεξιᾷ τῆς Μεγαλωσύνης ἐν ὑψηλοῖς', '1', 'he sat down at the right hand of the Majesty on high', 'To sit **at the right hand** of God is a symbolic action of receiving great honor and authority from God. Alternate translation: “he sat down at the place of honor and authority beside the Majesty on high” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '1', '3', 'ir7x', 'figs-metonymy', 'τῆς Μεγαλωσύνης ἐν ὑψηλοῖς', '1', 'the Majesty on high', 'Here, **Majesty on high** refers to God. Alternate translation: “of God Most High” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '1', '4', 'x4bh', '', 'γενόμενος', '1', 'He has become', 'Alternate translation: “the Son has become”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '1', '4', 'fzg3', 'figs-metonymy', 'ὅσῳ διαφορώτερον παρ’ αὐτοὺς, κεκληρονόμηκεν ὄνομα', '1', 'as the name he has inherited is more excellent than their name', 'Here, **name** refers to honor and authority. Alternate translation: “as the honor and authority he has inherited is superior to their honor and authority” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '1', '4', 'qt7q', 'figs-metaphor', 'κεκληρονόμηκεν', '1', 'he has inherited', 'The author speaks of receiving honor and authority as if he **has inherited** wealth and property from his father. Alternate translation: “he has received” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '1', '5', 'ww5h', 'figs-rquestion', 'τίνι γὰρ εἶπέν ποτε τῶν ἀγγέλων, Υἱός μου εἶ σύ, ἐγὼ σήμερον γεγέννηκά σε?', '1', 'For to which of the angels did God ever say, “You are my son … a son to me”?', 'This question emphasizes that God does not call any of the **angels** his **son**. Alternate translation: “For God never said to any of the angels ‘You are my son, and I today I have become your father!’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '1', '5', 't48e', 'figs-parallelism', 'Υἱός μου εἶ σύ…ἐγὼ…γεγέννηκά σε', '1', 'You are my son … I have become your father', 'These two phrases mean essentially the same thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '1', '6', 'b6dy', '', 'καὶ προσκυνησάτωσαν αὐτῷ πάντες ἄγγελοι Θεοῦ', '1', 'General Information:', 'The quotation, **And let all God’s angels worship him**, comes from one of the books that Moses wrote.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '1', '6', 'b4s2', 'figs-metaphor', 'τὸν πρωτότοκον', '1', 'the firstborn', 'Here, **the firstborn** refers to Jesus. The author refers to him as the **firstborn**to emphasize his importance and authority over everyone else. It does not imply that there was a time before Jesus existed or that God has other sons like Jesus. Alternate translation: “his honored Son, his only Son” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '1', '6', 'n7ph', '', 'λέγει', '1', 'he says', 'Alternate translation: “God says”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '1', '7', 'bwuh', '', 'ὁ ποιῶν τοὺς ἀγγέλους αὐτοῦ πνεύματα, καὶ τοὺς λειτουργοὺς αὐτοῦ πυρὸς φλόγα', '1', '', 'The quotation, **He who makes his angels spirits, and his servants flames of fire**, is from the Psalms.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '1', '7', 'isd8', 'figs-metaphor', 'ὁ ποιῶν τοὺς ἀγγέλους αὐτοῦ πνεύματα, καὶ τοὺς λειτουργοὺς αὐτοῦ πυρὸς φλόγα', '1', 'He is the one who makes his angels spirits, and his servants flames of fire', 'This could mean: (1) God has made his **angels** to be **spirits** who serve him with power like flames of fire. (2) God makes the wind and **flames of fire** his messengers and **servants**. In the original language the word for **angels** is the same as “messengers,” and the word for **spirits** is the same as “wind.” With either possible meaning, the point is that the angels serve the Son because he is superior. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '1', '8', 'vl1n', '', 'ὁ θρόνος σου, ὁ Θεὸς, εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα τοῦ αἰῶνος, καὶ ἡ ῥάβδος τῆς εὐθύτητος ῥάβδος τῆς βασιλείας αὐτοῦ', '1', 'General Information:', 'This scriptual quotation comes from the Psalms.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '1', '8', 'p1xx', '', 'πρὸς δὲ τὸν Υἱόν', '1', 'But to the Son he says', 'Alternate translation: “But God says this to the Son”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '1', '8', 'b155', 'guidelines-sonofgodprinciples', 'τὸν Υἱόν', '1', 'Son', '**Son** is an important title for Jesus, the Son of God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '1', '8', 'ewm4', 'figs-metonymy', 'ὁ θρόνος σου, ὁ Θεὸς, εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα τοῦ αἰῶνος', '1', 'Your throne, God, is forever and ever', 'The Son’s **throne** represents his rule. Alternate translation: “You are God, and your reign will last forever and ever” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '1', '8', 'k4cf', 'figs-metonymy', 'ἡ ῥάβδος τῆς εὐθύτητος ῥάβδος τῆς βασιλείας αὐτοῦ', '1', 'The scepter of your kingdom is the scepter of justice', 'Here, **scepter** refers to the Son’s rule. Alternate translation: “And you will rule over the people of your kingdom with justice” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '1', '9', 't9yw', 'figs-metaphor', 'ἔχρισέν σε…ἔλαιον ἀγαλλιάσεως παρὰ τοὺς μετόχους σου', '1', 'has anointed you with the oil of joy more than your companions', 'Here, **oil of exultation** refers to the joy that the Son felt when God honored him. Alternate translation: “has honored you and made you more joyful than anyone else” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '1', '10', 'nsd4', '', 'καί, σὺ κατ’ ἀρχάς, Κύριε, τὴν γῆν ἐθεμελίωσας, καὶ ἔργα τῶν χειρῶν σού εἰσιν οἱ οὐρανοί', '1', 'General Information:', 'This quotation comes from another Psalm.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '1', '10', 'tmu5', '', 'κατ’ ἀρχάς', '1', 'In the beginning', 'Alternate translation: “before anything existed”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '1', '10', 'j64k', 'figs-metaphor', 'τὴν γῆν ἐθεμελίωσας', '1', 'you laid the earth’s foundation', 'The author speaks of God creating the earth as if he built a building on a **foundation**. Alternate translation: “you created the earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '1', '10', 'r19v', 'figs-metonymy', 'ἔργα τῶν χειρῶν σού εἰσιν οἱ οὐρανοί', '1', 'The heavens are the work of your hands', 'Here, **hands** refer to God’s power and action. Alternate translation: “You made the heavens” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '1', '11', 'a6le', '', 'αὐτοὶ ἀπολοῦνται', '1', 'They will perish', 'Alternate translation: “The heavens and earth will disappear” or “The heavens and earth will no longer exist”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '1', '11', 'qy4e', 'figs-simile', 'πάντες ὡς ἱμάτιον παλαιωθήσονται', '1', 'wear out like a piece of clothing', 'The author speaks of the heavens and earth as if they were a piece of clothing that will get old and eventually become useless. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '1', '12', 'n4hl', 'figs-simile', 'ὡσεὶ περιβόλαιον ἑλίξεις αὐτούς', '1', 'roll them up like a cloak', 'The author speaks of the heavens and earth as if they were a robe or another kind of outer garment. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '1', '12', 'iv4r', 'figs-simile', 'ὡς ἱμάτιον καὶ ἀλλαγήσονται', '1', 'they will be changed like a piece of clothing', 'The author speaks of the heavens and earth as if they were clothing that a person could take off in order to put on other clothing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '1', '12', 'i761', 'figs-activepassive', 'ἀλλαγήσονται', '1', 'they will be changed', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “you will change them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '1', '12', 'v5mf', 'figs-metaphor', 'ἔτη σου οὐκ ἐκλείψουσιν', '1', 'your years do not end', 'Periods of time are used to represent God’s eternal existence. Alternate translation: “your life will never end” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '1', '13', 'pqs9', '', '', '0', 'General Information:', 'This quotation comes from another Psalm.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '1', '13', 'kz68', 'figs-rquestion', 'πρὸς τίνα δὲ τῶν ἀγγέλων εἴρηκέν ποτε, κάθου ἐκ δεξιῶν μου, ἕως ἂν θῶ τοὺς ἐχθρούς σου, ὑποπόδιον τῶν ποδῶν σου?', '1', 'But to which of the angels has God said at any time … feet”?', 'The author uses a question to emphasize that God has never said this to an angel. Alternate translation: “But God has never said to an angel at any time, ‘Sit at my right hand until I make your enemies a footstool for your feet!’” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '1', '13', 's6k7', 'translate-symaction', 'κάθου ἐκ δεξιῶν μου', '1', 'Sit at my right hand', 'To sit at the **right hand** of God is a symbolic action of receiving great honor and authority from God. Alternate translation: “Sit in the place of honor beside me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '1', '13', 'ulp5', 'figs-metaphor', 'ἕως ἂν θῶ τοὺς ἐχθρούς σου, ὑποπόδιον τῶν ποδῶν σου', '1', 'until I make your enemies a stool for your feet', 'Here Christ’s **enemies** are spoken of as if they will become an object on which a king rests his **feet**. This image represents defeat and dishonor for his enemies. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '1', '14', 'fk5v', 'figs-rquestion', 'οὐχὶ πάντες εἰσὶν λειτουργικὰ πνεύματα, εἰς διακονίαν ἀποστελλόμενα, διὰ τοὺς μέλλοντας κληρονομεῖν σωτηρίαν?', '1', 'Are not all angels spirits … inherit salvation?', 'The author uses this question to remind the readers that angels are not as powerful as Christ, but they have a different role. Alternate translation: “All angels are spirits who are being sent for service for the sake of those who are going to inherit inherit salvation.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '1', '14', 'v541', 'figs-metaphor', 'διὰ τοὺς μέλλοντας κληρονομεῖν σωτηρίαν', '1', 'for those who will inherit salvation', 'Receiving what God has promised believers is spoken of as if it were inheriting property and wealth from a family member. Alternate translation: “for those whom God will save” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '2', 'intro', 's2gd', '', '', '0', '', '# Hebrews 2 General Notes

## Structure and formatting

This chapter is about how Jesus is better than Moses, the greatest Israelite.

Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 2:6-8, 12-13, which are words from the Old Testament.

## Special concepts in this chapter

### Brothers

The author probably uses the term “brothers” to refer to Christians who grew up as Jews.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '2', '1', 'x7px', '', '', '0', 'Connecting Statement:', 'This is the first of five urgent warnings the author gives.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '2', '1', 'c72f', 'figs-exclusive', 'ἡμᾶς', '1', 'we must', 'Here, **us** refers to the author and includes his audience. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '2', '1', 'ayd1', 'figs-metaphor', 'μήποτε παραρυῶμεν', '1', 'so that we do not drift away from it', 'This could mean: (1) people who stop believing in God’s word are spoken of as if they were drifting away, like a boat drifts from its position in the water. Alternate translation: “so that we do not stop believing it” (2) people who stop obeying God’s words are spoken of as if they were drifting away, like a boat drifts from its position in the water. Alternate translation: “so that we do not stop obeying it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '2', '2', 'j4fa', 'figs-activepassive', 'εἰ γὰρ ὁ δι’ ἀγγέλων λαληθεὶς λόγος', '1', 'For if the message that was spoken through the angels', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “For if the message that God spoke through the angels” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '2', '2', 'k5kb', '', 'εἰ γὰρ ὁ…λόγος', '1', 'For if the message', 'The author is certain that these things are true. Alternate translation: “Because the message”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '2', '2', 'u52i', 'figs-metonymy', 'πᾶσα παράβασις καὶ παρακοὴ ἔλαβεν ἔνδικον μισθαποδοσίαν', '1', 'every trespass and disobedience receives just punishment', 'Here, **transgression** and **disobedience** stand for the people who are guilty of these sins. Alternate translation: “every person who sins and disobeys will receive just punishment” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '2', '2', 'y2y7', 'figs-doublet', 'παράβασις καὶ παρακοὴ', '1', 'trespass and disobedience', 'These words **transgression** and **disobedience** mean basically the same thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '2', '3', 'fv4q', 'figs-rquestion', 'πῶς ἡμεῖς ἐκφευξόμεθα τηλικαύτης ἀμελήσαντες σωτηρίας?', '1', 'how then can we escape if we ignore so great a salvation?', 'The author uses this question to emphasize that the people will certainly receive punishment if they refuse God’s **salvation** through Christ. Alternate translation: “then God will certainly punish us if we do not pay attention to his message about how God will save us!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '2', '3', 'i2zv', '', 'ἀμελήσαντες', '1', 'ignore', 'Alternate translation: “pay no attention to” or “consider unimportant”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '2', '3', 'gm6v', 'figs-abstractnouns', 'τηλικαύτης…σωτηρίας', '1', 'This is salvation that was first announced by the Lord and confirmed to us by those who heard it', 'The abstract noun **salvation** can be translated with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “the amazing way that God saves us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '2', '3', 'dyn1', 'figs-activepassive', 'πῶς ἡμεῖς ἐκφευξόμεθα τηλικαύτης ἀμελήσαντες σωτηρίας?', '1', '', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “The Lord himself first announced the message about how God will save us and then those who heard the message confirmed it to us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '2', '4', 'm2p8', '', 'κατὰ τὴν αὐτοῦ θέλησιν', '1', 'according to his will', 'Alternate translation: “in just the way he wanted to do it”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '2', '5', 'i3bh', '', 'οὐ γὰρ ἀγγέλοις ὑπέταξεν', '1', 'For it was not to the angels that God subjected', 'Alternate translation: “For God did not make the angels rulers over”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '2', '5', 'rqr9', 'figs-metonymy', 'τὴν οἰκουμένην τὴν μέλλουσαν', '1', 'the world to come', 'Here, **the world** refers to the people who live there. And **is coming** means that this is the world in the next age after Christ returns. Alternate translation: “the people who will live in the new world” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '2', '6', 'jh56', '', '', '0', 'General Information:', 'This verse begins a quotation from the book of Psalms in the Old Testament. It continues on through verse 8.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '2', '6', 'df5a', 'figs-rquestion', 'τί ἐστιν ἄνθρωπος, ὅτι μιμνῄσκῃ αὐτοῦ, ἢ υἱὸς ἀνθρώπου, ὅτι ἐπισκέπτῃ αὐτόν?', '1', 'What is man, that you are mindful of him?', 'This rhetorical question emphasizes the insignificance of humans and expresses surprise that God would pay attention to them. Alternate translation: “Humans are insignificant, and yet you think about them and take care of them!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '2', '6', 'wkd9', 'figs-idiom', 'υἱὸς ἀνθρώπου', '1', 'Or a son of man, that you care for him?', 'The idiom **a son of man** refers to human beings. Alternate translation: “any human being” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '2', '6', 'e47v', 'figs-ellipsis', 'υἱὸς ἀνθρώπου', '1', 'Or a son of man', 'The verb may be supplied from the previous question. Alternate translation: “what is a son of man” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '2', '7', 'ka5a', 'figs-metaphor', 'ἠλάττωσας αὐτὸν, βραχύ τι παρ’ ἀγγέλους', '1', 'a little lower than the angels', 'The author speaks of people being less important than **angels** as if the people are standing in a position that is **lower** than the angels’ position. Alternate translation: “You made him to be less important than the angels” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '2', '7', 'tjn6', 'figs-genericnoun', 'ἠλάττωσας αὐτὸν, βραχύ τι…ἐστεφάνωσας αὐτόν', '1', 'made man … crowned him', 'Here, these two phrases do not refer to a specific person but to humans in general. Alternate translation: “You made humans a little lower … you crowned them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '2', '7', 'd4s6', 'figs-gendernotations', 'αὐτὸν…αὐτόν', '1', '', 'Here, both occurrences of **him** include both males and females. Alternate translation: “men and women … them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '2', '7', 's85x', 'figs-metaphor', 'δόξῃ καὶ τιμῇ ἐστεφάνωσας αὐτόν', '1', 'you crowned him with glory and honor', 'The gifts of **glory** and **honor** are spoken of as if they were a wreath of leaves placed on the head of a victorious athlete. Alternate translation: “you have given them great glory and honor” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '2', '8', 'ac9f', 'figs-genericnoun', 'τῶν ποδῶν αὐτοῦ…αὐτῷ', '1', 'his feet … to him', 'Here, **his** and **him** do not refer to a specific person but to humans in general. Alternate translation: “their feet … to them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '2', '8', 'k5j2', 'figs-metaphor', 'πάντα ὑπέταξας ὑποκάτω τῶν ποδῶν αὐτοῦ', '1', 'You put everything in subjection under his feet', 'The author speaks of humans having control over everything as if they have stepped on everything with their **feet**. Alternate translation: “You have given them control over everything” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '2', '8', 'rf44', 'figs-doublenegatives', 'οὐδὲν ἀφῆκεν αὐτῷ ἀνυπότακτον', '1', 'He did not leave anything not subjected to him', 'This double negative **nothing not** means that all things will be **subjected** to Christ. Alternate translation: “God made everything subject to them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '2', '8', 'xy7c', '', 'οὔπω ὁρῶμεν αὐτῷ τὰ πάντα ὑποτεταγμένα', '1', 'we do not yet see everything subjected to him', 'Alternate translation: “we know that humans are not in control of everything yet”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '2', '9', 'ma4j', 'figs-activepassive', 'ἠλαττωμένον', '1', 'who was made', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “whom God made” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '2', '9', 'i4fc', '', 'βραχύ τι παρ’ ἀγγέλους ἠλαττωμένον…δόξῃ καὶ τιμῇ ἐστεφανωμένον', '1', 'lower than the angels … crowned with glory and honor', 'See how you translated these words in [Hebrews 2:7](../02/07.md).']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '2', '9', 'bil4', 'figs-metaphor', 'γεύσηται θανάτου', '1', 'he might taste death', 'The experience of **death** is spoken of as if it were food that people can **taste**. Alternate translation: “he might experience death” or “he might die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '2', '10', 'r899', 'figs-metaphor', 'πολλοὺς υἱοὺς εἰς δόξαν ἀγαγόντα', '1', 'bring many sons to glory', 'The gift of **glory** is spoken of here as if it were a place to which people could be **brought**. Alternate translation: “having saved many sons” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '2', '10', 'l95y', 'figs-gendernotations', 'πολλοὺς υἱοὺς', '1', 'many sons', 'Here, **sons** refers to believers in Christ, including males and females. Alternate translation: “many believers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '2', '10', 'sw9t', 'figs-metaphor', 'τὸν ἀρχηγὸν τῆς σωτηρίας αὐτῶν', '1', 'the leader of their salvation', 'This could mean: (1) the word translated here as **author** can mean “founder” and speaks of Jesus as the one who establishes salvation, or makes it possible for God to save people. Alternate translation: “the one who makes their salvation possible” (2) the word translated here as **author** can mean “prince” or “leader” and speaks of Jesus as the leader who goes before the people and leads them to salvation. Alternate translation: “the one who leads people to salvation” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '2', '10', 'l321', 'figs-metaphor', 'τελειῶσαι', '1', 'complete', 'Becoming mature and completely trained is spoken of as if a person were made “perfect”, perhaps complete in all his body parts. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '2', '11', 'jy9p', '', '', '0', 'General Information:', 'This verse is a prophetic quotation that comes from a Psalm of King David.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '2', '11', 'ky9v', '', 'ὅ…ἁγιάζων', '1', 'the one who sanctifies', 'Alternate translation: “the one who makes others holy” or “the one who makes others pure from sin”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '2', '11', 'jzw3', 'figs-activepassive', 'οἱ ἁγιαζόμενοι', '1', 'those who are sanctified', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “those whom he makes holy” or “those whom he makes pure from sin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '2', '11', 'bj7i', 'figs-explicit', 'ἐξ ἑνὸς', '1', 'have one source', 'You can state clearly who that **one** is. Alternate translation: “have one source, God himself” or “have the same Father” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '2', '11', 'ul23', '', 'οὐκ ἐπαισχύνεται', '1', 'he is not ashamed', 'Alternate translation: “Jesus is not ashamed”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '2', '11', 'k1q5', 'figs-doublenegatives', 'οὐκ ἐπαισχύνεται ἀδελφοὺς αὐτοὺς καλεῖν', '1', 'is not ashamed to call them brothers', 'This double negative **not ashamed** means that he will claim them as his **brothers**. Alternate translation: “is pleased to call them his brothers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '2', '11', 'a8h9', 'figs-gendernotations', 'ἀδελφοὺς', '1', 'brothers', 'Here, **brothers** refers to all who have believed in Jesus, including both men and women. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '2', '12', 'e88p', 'figs-metonymy', 'ἀπαγγελῶ τὸ ὄνομά σου τοῖς ἀδελφοῖς μου', '1', 'I will proclaim your name to my brothers', 'Here, **name** refers to the person’s reputation and what they have done. Alternate translation: “I will proclaim to my brothers the great things you have done” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '2', '12', 'tn8n', '', 'ἐν μέσῳ ἐκκλησίας', '1', 'from inside the assembly', 'Alternate translation: “when believers come together to worship God”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '2', '13', 'dx1q', '', '', '0', 'General Information:', 'The prophet Isaiah wrote these quotations.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '2', '13', 's1fp', '', 'καὶ πάλιν,', '1', 'And again,', 'Alternate translation: “And a prophet wrote in another scripture passage what Christ said about God:”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '2', '13', 'xap9', 'figs-metaphor', 'τὰ παιδία', '1', 'the children', 'This speaks about those who believe in Christ as if they were **children**. Alternate translation: “those who are like my children” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '2', '14', 'qj3d', 'figs-metaphor', 'τὰ παιδία', '1', 'the children', 'This speaks about those who believe in Christ as if they were **children**. See how you translated **children** in [verse 13](../02/13.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '2', '14', 'ndv2', 'figs-idiom', 'κεκοινώνηκεν αἵματος καὶ σαρκός', '1', 'share in flesh and blood', 'The phrase **flesh and blood** refers to people’s human nature. Alternate translation: “are all human beings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '2', '14', 'fy7a', '', 'καὶ αὐτὸς παραπλησίως μετέσχεν τῶν αὐτῶν', '1', 'he likewise shared in the same', 'Alternate translation: “Jesus in the same way shared in flesh and blood” or “Jesus became human in the same way they did”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '2', '14', 'p878', 'figs-abstractnouns', 'διὰ τοῦ θανάτου', '1', 'through death', 'You can state the abstract noun **death** as a verb. Alternate translation: “by dying” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '2', '14', 'ij54', 'figs-abstractnouns', 'τὸ κράτος ἔχοντα τοῦ θανάτου', '1', 'has the power of death', 'You can state the abstract noun **death** as a verb. Alternate translation: “has the power to cause people to die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '2', '15', 'w3cr', 'figs-metaphor', 'ἀπαλλάξῃ τούτους, ὅσοι φόβῳ θανάτου, διὰ παντὸς τοῦ ζῆν, ἔνοχοι ἦσαν δουλείας', '1', 'This was so that he would free all those who through fear of death lived all their lives in slavery', 'The **fear of death** is spoken of as if it had taken someone into **slavery**. Taking away someone’s fear is spoken of as it were freeing that person from slavery. Alternate translation: “this was so he might free all people. For we lived like slaves because we were afraid of dying” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '2', '17', 'agw2', '', 'ὤφειλεν', '1', 'it was necessary for him', 'Alternate translation: “it was necessary for Jesus”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '2', '17', 'v3pw', '', 'τοῖς ἀδελφοῖς ὁμοιωθῆναι', '1', 'like his brothers', 'Here, **brothers** refers to people in general. Alternate translation: “to become like human beings”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '2', '17', 'u6ch', '', 'εἰς τὸ ἱλάσκεσθαι τὰς ἁμαρτίας τοῦ λαοῦ', '1', 'he would bring about the pardon of the people’s sins', 'Christ’s death on the cross means that God can forgive sins. Alternate translation: “he would make it possible for God to forgive people’s sins”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '2', '18', 'xde4', 'figs-activepassive', 'πειρασθείς', '1', 'was tempted', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “when Satan tempted him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '2', '18', 'a3a6', 'figs-activepassive', 'πειραζομένοις', '1', 'who are tempted', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “whom Satan is tempting” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '3', 'intro', 'mu26', '', '', '0', '', '# Hebrews 3 General Notes

## Structure and formatting

Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 3:7-11,15, which are words from the Old Testament.

## Special concepts in this chapter

### Brothers

The author probably uses the term “brothers” to refer to Christians who grew up as Jews.

## Important figures of speech in this chapter

### Harden your hearts

A person who hardens his heart is a person who will not listen to or obey God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])

### Rhetorical questions

The author uses rhetorical questions as a way of warning his readers. Both he and the readers know the answers to the questions, and the writer knows that as the readers think about the answers to the questions, they will realize that they need to listen to God and obey him.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '3', '1', 'm1cv', '', '', '0', 'Connecting Statement:', 'This second warning is longer and more detailed and includes chapters 3 and 4. The writer begins by showing that Christ is better than his servant Moses.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '3', '1', 'tp7e', 'figs-metaphor', 'ἀδελφοὶ ἅγιοι', '1', 'holy brothers', 'Here, **brothers** refer to fellow Christians, including both men and women. Alternate translation: “holy brothers and sisters” or “my holy fellow believers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '3', '1', 'af15', 'figs-metonymy', 'κλήσεως ἐπουρανίου, μέτοχοι', '1', 'you share in a heavenly calling', 'Here, **heavenly** represents God. Alternate translation: “God has called us together” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '3', '1', 'zma3', '', 'τὸν ἀπόστολον', '1', 'the apostle and high priest', 'Here the word **apostle** means someone who has been sent. In this passage, it does not refer to any of the twelve apostles. Alternate translation: “the one whom God sent and is the high priest”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '3', '1', 'mnd4', 'figs-abstractnouns', 'τῆς ὁμολογίας ἡμῶν', '1', 'of our confession', 'This can be reworded so that the abstract noun **confession** is expressed as the verb “confess.” Alternate translation: “whom we confess” or “in whom we believe” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '3', '2', 'eqp7', 'figs-metaphor', 'ἐν τῷ οἴκῳ αὐτοῦ', '1', 'in God’s house', 'The Hebrew people to whom God revealed himself are spoken of as if they were a **house**. Alternate translation: “to all of God’s people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '3', '3', 'py5n', 'figs-activepassive', 'οὗτος…ἠξίωται', '1', 'Jesus has been considered', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “God has considered Jesus” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '3', '4', 'f8n8', 'figs-metaphor', 'ὁ…πάντα κατασκευάσας', '1', 'the one who built everything', 'God’s acts of creating the world are spoken of as if he had **built** a house. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '3', '4', 'wvw1', 'figs-activepassive', 'πᾶς…οἶκος κατασκευάζεται ὑπό τινος', '1', 'every house is built by someone', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “every house has someone who built it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '3', '5', 'd57q', 'figs-metaphor', 'ἐν ὅλῳ τῷ οἴκῳ αὐτοῦ', '1', 'in God’s entire house', 'The Hebrew people to whom God revealed himself are spoken of as if they were a **house**. See how you translated this in [Hebrews 3:2](../03/02.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '3', '5', 'm4xr', 'figs-metonymy', 'εἰς μαρτύριον τῶν λαληθησομένων', '1', 'bearing witness about the things', 'Here, **testimony** probably refers to all of Moses’ work. Alternate translation: “and Moses’ life and work pointed to the things that will be spoken of in the future” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '3', '5', 'gt8c', 'figs-activepassive', 'λαληθησομένων', '1', 'were to be spoken of in the future', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “Jesus would say in the future” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '3', '6', 'dgt5', 'guidelines-sonofgodprinciples', 'Υἱὸς', '1', 'Son', '**Son** is an important title for Jesus, the Son of God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '3', '6', 'djm7', 'figs-metaphor', 'ἐπὶ τὸν οἶκον αὐτοῦ', '1', 'in charge of God’s house', 'This speaks about God’s people as if they were a **house**. Alternate translation: “who rules over God’s people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '3', '6', 'ly4x', 'figs-metaphor', 'οὗ οἶκός ἐσμεν ἡμεῖς', '1', 'We are his house', 'This speaks of God’s people as if they are a **house**. Alternate translation: “and we are God’s people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '3', '6', 'kp9y', 'figs-abstractnouns', 'ἐὰν τὴν παρρησίαν καὶ τὸ καύχημα τῆς ἐλπίδος κατάσχωμεν', '1', 'if we hold fast to our courage and the hope of which we boast', 'You can state the abstract nouns **confidence** and **hope** as verbs. Alternate translation: “if we continue to be courageous and joyfully expect God to do what he has promised” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '3', '7', 'c4sl', '', '', '0', 'General Information:', 'This quotation comes from the Old Testament in the book of Psalms.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '3', '7', 'u66q', 'figs-metonymy', 'ἐὰν τῆς φωνῆς αὐτοῦ ἀκούσητε', '1', 'if you hear his voice', 'God’s **voice** represents him speaking. Alternate translation: “when you hear God speak” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '3', '8', 'gl2k', 'figs-metonymy', 'τὰς καρδίας ὑμῶν', '1', 'do not harden your hearts', 'Here, **hearts** is a metonym for a person’s mind. Alternate translation: “the way you think” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '3', '8', 'tz3s', 'figs-metaphor', 'μὴ σκληρύνητε τὰς καρδίας ὑμῶν', '1', '', 'The phrase **harden your hearts** is a metaphor for being stubborn. Alternate translation: “do not be stubborn” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '3', '8', 'lik3', 'figs-abstractnouns', 'ὡς ἐν τῷ παραπικρασμῷ, κατὰ τὴν ἡμέραν τοῦ πειρασμοῦ, ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ', '1', 'as in the rebellion, in the time of testing in the wilderness', 'You can state the abstract nouns **rebellion** and **testing** as verbs. Alternate translation: “as when your ancestors rebelled against God and tested him in the wilderness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '3', '9', 'e6n7', '', '', '0', 'General Information:', 'This quotation is from the Psalms.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '3', '9', 'i3wb', 'figs-you', 'οἱ πατέρες ὑμῶν', '1', 'your ancestors', 'Here, **your** is plural and refers to the people of Israel. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '3', '9', 'q7c2', '', 'ἐν δοκιμασίᾳ', '1', 'by testing me', 'Here, **me** refers to God.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '3', '10', 'upb8', '', 'προσώχθισα', '1', 'I was displeased', 'Alternate translation: “I was angry with” or “I was greatly unhappy with”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '3', '10', 'kh4v', 'figs-metaphor', 'ἀεὶ πλανῶνται τῇ καρδίᾳ', '1', 'They have always gone astray in their hearts', 'Here, **being led astray in their hearts** is a metaphor for not being loyal to God. Alternate translation: “They have always rejected me” or “They have always refused to obey me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '3', '10', 'rmqh', 'figs-metonymy', 'τῇ καρδίᾳ', '1', '', 'Here, **hearts** is a metonym for minds or desires. Alternate translation: “in the way they think” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '3', '10', 'l5t7', 'figs-metaphor', 'οὐκ ἔγνωσαν τὰς ὁδούς μου', '1', 'They have not known my ways', 'Here, **my ways** speaks of a manner of conducting one’s life as if it were a way or a path. Alternate translation: “They have not understood how I want them to conduct their lives” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '3', '11', 'tz3l', 'figs-metaphor', 'εἰ εἰσελεύσονται εἰς τὴν κατάπαυσίν μου', '1', 'They will never enter my rest', 'The peace and security provided by God are spoken of as if they were **rest** that he can give, and as if they were a place to which people could go. Alternate translation: “They will never enter the place of rest” or “I will never allow them to experience my blessings of rest” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '3', '12', 'gv84', 'figs-metaphor', 'ἀδελφοί', '1', 'brothers', 'Here, **brothers** refers to fellow Christians, including males and females. Alternate translation: “brothers and sisters” or “fellow believers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '3', '12', 'gua2', 'figs-metaphor', 'μήποτε ἔσται ἔν τινι ὑμῶν καρδία πονηρὰ ἀπιστίας, ἐν τῷ ἀποστῆναι ἀπὸ Θεοῦ ζῶντος', '1', '', 'Refusing to believe and obey God is spoken of as if the heart did not believe and it physically fell **away from** God. Alternate translation: “there will not be any of you who refuse to believe the truth and who stop obeying the living God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '3', '12', 'lma5', 'figs-metonymy', 'καρδία πονηρὰ ἀπιστίας', '1', 'there will not be anyone with an evil heart of unbelief, a heart that turns away from the living God', 'Here, **heart** is a metonym that represents a person’s mind or will. Alternate translation: “an evil attitude of not believing God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '3', '12', 'kjm7', '', 'Θεοῦ ζῶντος', '1', 'the living God', 'Alternate translation: “the true God who is really alive”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '3', '13', 'd3k2', '', 'ἄχρις οὗ, τὸ σήμερον, καλεῖται', '1', 'as long as it is called “today,”', 'Alternate translation: “while there is still opportunity,”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '3', '13', 'm1e7', 'figs-activepassive', 'μὴ σκληρυνθῇ τις ἐξ ὑμῶν ἀπάτῃ τῆς ἁμαρτίας', '1', 'no one among you will be hardened by the deceitfulness of sin', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “the deceitfulness of sin will not harden any of you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '3', '13', 'b198', 'figs-metaphor', 'μὴ σκληρυνθῇ τις ἐξ ὑμῶν ἀπάτῃ τῆς ἁμαρτίας', '1', 'no one among you will be hardened by the deceitfulness of sin', 'Being stubborn is spoken of as being **hardened** or having a hard heart. The hardness is a result of being deceived by sin. Alternate translation: “no one among you will be deceived by sin and become stubborn” or “you do not sin, deceiving yourselves so that you become stubborn” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '3', '13', 'sye2', 'figs-abstractnouns', 'ἀπάτῃ τῆς ἁμαρτίας', '1', '', 'You can translate the abstract noun **deceitfulness** as the verb “deceive.” Alternate translation: “because you are deceived by sin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '3', '14', 'znu5', '', '', '0', 'General Information:', 'This continues the quotation from the same psalm that was also quoted in [Hebrews 3:7](../03/07.md).']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '3', '14', 'f52j', 'figs-exclusive', 'γὰρ…γεγόναμεν', '1', 'For we have become', 'Here, **we** refers to both the writer and the readers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '3', '14', 'e753', '', 'ἐάνπερ τὴν ἀρχὴν τῆς ὑποστάσεως…βεβαίαν κατάσχωμεν', '1', 'if we firmly hold to our confidence in him', 'Alternate translation: “if we continue, as we first did, to confidently trust in him”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '3', '14', 'j3aq', '', 'τὴν ἀρχὴν', '1', 'from the beginning', 'Alternate translation: “from when we first begin to believe in him”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '3', '14', 'l9en', 'figs-euphemism', 'μέχρι τέλους', '1', 'to the end', 'Here, **the end** is a polite way of referring to when a person dies. Alternate translation: “until we die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '3', '15', 'bym1', 'figs-activepassive', 'λέγεσθαι', '1', 'it has been said', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “the writer wrote” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '3', '15', 'wa11', 'figs-metonymy', 'ἐὰν τῆς φωνῆς αὐτοῦ ἀκούσητε', '1', 'if you hear his voice', 'God’s **voice** represents him speaking. See how you translated this in [Hebrews 3:7](../03/07.md). Alternate translation: “when you hear God speak” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '3', '15', 'j8dh', 'figs-abstractnouns', 'ὡς ἐν τῷ παραπικρασμῷ', '1', 'as in the rebellion', 'You can state **rebellion** as a verb. See how you translated this in [Hebrews 3:8](../03/08.md). Alternate translation: “as when your ancestors rebelled against God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '3', '16', 'b4jy', 'figs-exclusive', 'πάντες οἱ', '1', 'General Information:', 'The phrase, **all those** refers to the disobedient Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '3', '16', 'pwl2', 'figs-rquestion', 'τίνες γὰρ ἀκούσαντες παρεπίκραναν? ἀλλ’ οὐ πάντες οἱ ἐξελθόντες ἐξ Αἰγύπτου διὰ Μωϋσέως?', '1', 'Who was it who heard God and rebelled? Was it not all those who came out of Egypt through Moses?', 'The author uses these two questions to teach his readers. The questions can be joined as one statement, if needed. Alternate translation: “All those who came out of Egypt with Moses heard God, yet they still rebelled.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '3', '17', 'swy4', 'figs-rquestion', 'τίσιν δὲ προσώχθισεν τεσσεράκοντα ἔτη? οὐχὶ τοῖς ἁμαρτήσασιν, ὧν τὰ κῶλα ἔπεσεν ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ?', '1', 'With whom was he angry for forty years? Was it not with those who sinned, whose dead bodies fell in the wilderness?', 'The author uses these two questions to teach his readers. The questions can be joined as one statement, if needed. Alternate translation: “For 40 years, God was angry with those who sinned, and he let them die in the wilderness.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '3', '18', 'l1gc', 'figs-rquestion', 'τίσιν δὲ ὤμοσεν μὴ εἰσελεύσεσθαι εἰς τὴν κατάπαυσιν αὐτοῦ, εἰ μὴ τοῖς ἀπειθήσασιν?', '1', 'To whom did he swear that they would not enter his rest, if it was not to those who disobeyed him?', 'The author uses this question to teach his readers. Alternate translation: “And it was to those who disobeyed that he swore they would not enter his rest.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '3', '18', 'q16u', 'figs-metaphor', 'μὴ εἰσελεύσεσθαι εἰς τὴν κατάπαυσιν αὐτοῦ', '1', 'they would not enter his rest', 'The peace and security provided by God are spoken of as if they were **rest** that he can give, and as if they were a place to which people could go. Alternate translation: “they would not come into the place of rest” or “they would not experience his blessings of rest” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '3', '19', 'x18z', 'figs-abstractnouns', 'δι’ ἀπιστίαν', '1', 'because of unbelief', 'You can translate the abstract noun **unbelief** with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “because they did not believe him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '4', 'intro', 'u72n', '', '', '0', '', '# Hebrews 4 General Notes

## Structure and formatting

This chapter tells why Jesus is the greatest high priest.

Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 4:3-4, 7, which are words from the Old Testament.

## Special concepts in this chapter

### God’s rest

The word **rest** seems to refer to at least two things in this chapter. It refers to a place or time when God will allow his people to rest from their work ([Hebrews 4:3](../heb/04/03.md)), and it refers to God resting on the seventh day ([Hebrews 4:4](../heb/04/04.md)).']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '4', '1', 'n98m', '', '', '0', 'Connecting Statement:', 'Chapter 4 continues the warning to believers starting in [Hebrews 3:7](../03/07.md). God, through the writer, gives believers a rest of which God’s rest in the creation of the world is a picture.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '4', '1', 'ay25', '', 'οὖν', '1', 'Therefore', 'Alternate translation: “Because what I have just said is true” or “Since God will certainly punish those who do not obey”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '4', '1', 'zta2', 'figs-metaphor', 'μήποτε καταλειπομένης ἐπαγγελίας εἰσελθεῖν εἰς τὴν κατάπαυσιν αὐτοῦ, δοκῇ τις ἐξ ὑμῶν ὑστερηκέναι', '1', 'none of you might seem to have failed to reach the promise left behind for you to enter God’s rest', 'God’s **promise** is spoken of as if it were a gift that God left behind when he visited the people. Alternate translation: “so that none of you fail to enter into God’s rest, which he promised to us” or “so that God will allow you all to enter into his rest as he promised us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '4', '1', 'ev85', 'figs-metaphor', 'εἰσελθεῖν εἰς τὴν κατάπαυσιν αὐτοῦ', '1', 'to enter God’s rest', 'The peace and security provided by God are spoken of as if they were **rest** that he can give, and as if they were a place to which people could go. Alternate translation: “to enter the place of rest” or “to experience God’s blessings of rest” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '4', '2', 'm74h', 'figs-activepassive', 'καὶ γάρ ἐσμεν εὐηγγελισμένοι καθάπερ κἀκεῖνοι', '1', 'For we were told the good news just as they were', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “For we also heard the good news just as they did” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '4', '2', 'znk9', '', 'καθάπερ κἀκεῖνοι', '1', 'as they were', 'Here, **them** refers to the Hebrews’ ancestors who were alive during the time of Moses.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '4', '2', 'zza4', 'figs-doublenegatives', 'ἀλλ’ οὐκ ὠφέλησεν ὁ λόγος τῆς ἀκοῆς ἐκείνους, μὴ συνκεκερασμένους τῇ πίστει τοῖς ἀκούσασιν', '1', 'But that message did not benefit those who did not unite in faith with those who obeyed', 'The author is talking about a second group of people **who heard** **the message** but who did not believe it. You can state this in positive form. Alternate translation: “But that message benefited only those who believed and obeyed it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '4', '3', 'v4q4', '', 'ὡς ὤμοσα ἐν τῇ ὀργῇ μου, εἰ εἰσελεύσονται εἰς τὴν κατάπαυσίν μου', '1', 'General Information:', 'This quotation is from a psalm.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '4', '3', 'w6t4', 'figs-metaphor', 'εἰσερχόμεθα…εἰς κατάπαυσιν, οἱ πιστεύσαντες', '1', 'we who have believed enter that rest', 'The peace and security provided by God are spoken of as if they were **rest** that he can give, and as if they were a place to which people could go. Alternate translation: “we who have believed will enter the place of rest” or “we who have believed will experience God’s blessings of rest” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '4', '3', 'x2kq', '', 'καθὼς εἴρηκεν', '1', 'just as he said', 'Alternate translation: “just as God said”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '4', '3', 'qfs8', '', 'ὡς ὤμοσα ἐν τῇ ὀργῇ μου', '1', 'As I swore in my wrath', 'Alternate translation: “As I swore when I was very angry”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '4', '3', 'k1ld', 'figs-metaphor', 'εἰ εἰσελεύσονται εἰς τὴν κατάπαυσίν μου', '1', 'They will never enter my rest', 'The peace and security provided by God are spoken of as if they were **rest** that he can give, and as if they were a place to which people could go. Alternate translation: “They will never enter the place of rest” or “They will never experience my blessings of rest” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '4', '3', 'x8zv', 'figs-activepassive', 'τῶν ἔργων…γενηθέντων', '1', 'his works were finished', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “he finished creating” or “he finished his works of creation” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '4', '3', 'vym3', 'figs-metaphor', 'ἀπὸ καταβολῆς κόσμου', '1', 'from the foundation of the world', 'The author speaks of the **world** as if it were a building set on a **foundation**. Alternate translation: “at the beginning of the world” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '4', '4', 'hbm5', 'translate-ordinal', 'τῆς ἑβδόμης', '1', 'the seventh day', 'The word **seventh** is the ordinal number for “seven.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '4', '4', 'jojq', '', 'καὶ κατέπαυσεν ὁ Θεὸς ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ τῇ ἑβδόμῃ ἀπὸ πάντων τῶν ἔργων αὐτοῦ', '1', '', 'This quotation is from Moses’ writings.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '4', '5', 'qfjr', '', 'εἰ εἰσελεύσονται εἰς τὴν κατάπαυσίν μου', '1', '', 'This quotation is from the same psalm as the quotation in verse [3](../04/03.md).']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '4', '5', 'zq16', 'figs-metaphor', 'εἰ εἰσελεύσονται εἰς τὴν κατάπαυσίν μου', '1', 'it still remains that some will enter his rest', 'The peace and security provided by God are spoken of as if they were **rest** that he can give, and as if they were a place to which people could go. Alternate translation: “God still allows some people to enter his place of rest” or “God still allows some people to experience his blessings of rest” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '4', '6', 'twwv', 'figs-activepassive', 'ἀπολείπεται τινὰς εἰσελθεῖν εἰς αὐτήν', '1', '', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “God still allows some people to enter his place of rest” or “God still allows some people to experience his blessings of rest” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '4', '7', 'y2tm', '', '', '0', 'General Information:', 'Here we find out that this quotation from the Psalms was written by David ([Hebrews 3:7-8](../03/07.md)).']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '4', '7', 'bp6u', 'figs-metaphor', 'ἐὰν τῆς φωνῆς αὐτοῦ ἀκούσητε', '1', 'if you hear his voice', 'God’s commands to Israel are spoken of as if he had given them in an audible **voice**. See how you translated this in [Hebrews 3:7](../03/07.md). Alternate translation: “if you hear God speaking” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '4', '7', 'lsp6', 'figs-metonymy', 'τὰς καρδίας ὑμῶν', '1', 'do not harden your hearts', 'Here, **hearts** is a metonym for a person’s mind. See how you translated this in [Hebrews 3:8](../03/08.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '4', '7', 'pktz', 'figs-metaphor', 'μὴ σκληρύνητε τὰς καρδίας ὑμῶν', '1', '', 'The phrase **harden your hearts** is a metaphor for being stubborn. See how you translated this in [Hebrews 3:8](../03/08.md). Alternate translation: “do not be stubborn” or “do not refuse to listen” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '4', '8', 'mdq9', 'figs-metaphor', 'εἰ…αὐτοὺς Ἰησοῦς κατέπαυσεν', '1', 'if Joshua had given them rest', 'The peace and security provided by God are spoken of as if they were **rest** that **Joshua** could give. Alternate translation: “if Joshua had brought the Israelites to the place where God would give them rest” or “if the Israelites during the time of Joshua had experienced God’s blessings of rest” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '4', '9', 'vhx9', 'figs-activepassive', 'ἀπολείπεται σαββατισμὸς τῷ λαῷ τοῦ Θεοῦ', '1', 'there is still a Sabbath rest reserved for God’s people', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “there is still a Sabbath rest that God has reserved for his people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '4', '9', 'qe6x', 'figs-metaphor', 'σαββατισμὸς', '1', 'a Sabbath rest', 'Eternal peace and security are spoken of as if they were the **Sabbath** day, the Jewish day of worship and **rest** from working. Alternate translation: “an eternal rest” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '4', '10', 'ej9y', 'figs-metaphor', 'ὁ…εἰσελθὼν εἰς τὴν κατάπαυσιν αὐτοῦ', '1', 'he who enters into God’s rest', 'The peace and security provided by God are spoken of as if they are a place to enter. Alternate translation: “the person who enters into God’s place of rest” or “the person who experiences God’s blessings of rest” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '4', '11', 'bmg5', 'figs-metaphor', 'σπουδάσωμεν…εἰσελθεῖν εἰς ἐκείνην τὴν κατάπαυσιν', '1', 'let us be eager to enter that rest', 'The peace and security provided by God are spoken of as if they were a place **to enter**. Alternate translation: “we should also do everything we can to rest with God where he is” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '4', '11', 'rtj7', 'figs-metaphor', 'ἐν τῷ αὐτῷ τις ὑποδείγματι πέσῃ τῆς ἀπειθείας', '1', 'will fall into the kind of disobedience that they did', 'Here, **disobedience** is spoken of as if it were a hole that a person could physically **fall into** by accident. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '4', '11', 'uznd', 'figs-abstractnouns', 'ἐν τῷ αὐτῷ…ὑποδείγματι πέσῃ τῆς ἀπειθείας', '1', '', 'You can reword this passage to express the abstract noun **disobedience** with the verb “disobey.” Alternate translation: “will disobey in the same way as they did” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '4', '12', 'h5d2', '', 'ζῶν…ὁ λόγος τοῦ Θεοῦ', '1', 'the word of God is living', 'Here, **the Word of God** refers to anything that God has communicated to humanity, whether through speech or through written messages. Alternate translation: “the words of God are living”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '4', '12', 'j9qy', 'figs-personification', 'ζῶν…καὶ ἐνεργὴς', '1', 'living and active', 'This speaks about God’s word as if it were alive. It means when God speaks, it is powerful and effective. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '4', '12', 'g4tc', 'figs-metaphor', 'τομώτερος, ὑπὲρ πᾶσαν μάχαιραν δίστομον', '1', 'sharper than any two-edged sword', 'A **two-edged sword** can easily cut through a person’s flesh. God’s word is very effective in showing what is in a person’s heart and thoughts. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '4', '12', 'lv6y', '', 'μάχαιραν δίστομον', '1', 'two-edged sword', 'a **sword** with a blade that is sharp on both edges']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '4', '12', 'e7kv', 'figs-metaphor', 'καὶ διϊκνούμενος ἄχρι μερισμοῦ ψυχῆς καὶ πνεύματος, ἁρμῶν τε καὶ μυελῶν', '1', 'It pierces even to the dividing of soul and spirit, of joints and marrow', 'This continues speaking about God’s word as if it were a sword. Here the sword is so sharp that it can cut through and divide parts of the human that are very difficult or even impossible to divide. This means that there is nothing inside us that we can hide from God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '4', '12', 'm6f2', '', 'ψυχῆς καὶ πνεύματος', '1', 'soul and spirit', 'The **soul** and the **spirit** are two different but closely related nonphysical parts of a human. The **soul** is what causes a person to be alive. The **spirit** is the part of a person that causes him to be able to know and believe in God.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '4', '12', 'sc3m', '', 'ἁρμῶν τε καὶ μυελῶν', '1', 'joints and marrow', 'The **joints** are what hold bones together. The **marrow** is the center part of the bone.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '4', '12', 'n6n5', 'figs-personification', 'κριτικὸς', '1', 'is able to discern', "This speaks about God’s word as if it were a person who could decide whether a person's thoughts were right or wrong. Alternate translation: “exposes” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])"]

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '4', '12', 'xdu4', 'figs-metonymy', 'ἐνθυμήσεων καὶ ἐννοιῶν καρδίας', '1', 'the thoughts and intentions of the heart', 'Here, **heart** here is a metonym for “inner self.” Alternate translation: “what a person is thinking and intends to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '4', '13', 'nx6n', 'figs-activepassive', 'οὐκ ἔστιν κτίσις ἀφανὴς ἐνώπιον αὐτοῦ', '1', 'Nothing created is hidden before God', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “nothing that God has created can hide from him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '4', '13', 'f3h1', 'figs-metaphor', 'πάντα…γυμνὰ καὶ τετραχηλισμένα', '1', 'everything is bare and open', 'This speaks about all things as if they were a person standing **bare**, or a container that is **open**. Alternate translation: “everything is completely exposed” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '4', '13', 'yk64', 'figs-doublet', 'γυμνὰ καὶ τετραχηλισμένα', '1', 'bare and open', 'The two words **bare** and **open** mean basically the same thing and emphasize that nothing is hidden from God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '4', '13', 'i9hh', 'figs-metaphor', 'τοῖς ὀφθαλμοῖς αὐτοῦ, πρὸς ὃν ἡμῖν ὁ λόγος', '1', 'to the eyes of the one to whom we must give account', 'God is spoken of as if he had **eyes**. Alternate translation: “to God, who will judge how we have lived” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '4', '14', 'a51p', '', 'διεληλυθότα τοὺς οὐρανούς', '1', 'who has passed through the heavens', 'Alternate translation: “who has entered where God is”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '4', '14', 'ph6z', 'guidelines-sonofgodprinciples', 'τὸν Υἱὸν τοῦ Θεοῦ', '1', 'Son of God', '**Son of God** is an important title for Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '4', '14', 'vt4v', 'figs-metaphor', 'κρατῶμεν τῆς ὁμολογίας', '1', 'let us firmly hold to our beliefs', 'Belief and trust are spoken of as if they were objects that a person could grasp **firmly**. Alternate translation: “let us continue to believe confidently in him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '4', '15', 'i2fw', 'figs-doublenegatives', 'οὐ…ἔχομεν ἀρχιερέα μὴ δυνάμενον συνπαθῆσαι ταῖς ἀσθενείαις ἡμῶν, πεπειρασμένον δὲ', '1', 'we do not have a high priest who cannot feel sympathy … Instead, we have', 'This double negative **not … not** means that, in fact, Jesus does feel sympathy with people. Alternate translation: “we have a high priest who can feel sympathy when we are weak, and who was tempted” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '4', '15', 'd26h', 'figs-activepassive', 'πεπειρασμένον…κατὰ πάντα καθ’ ὁμοιότητα', '1', 'who has in all ways been tempted as we are', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “who has endured temptation in every way that we have” or “whom the devil has tempted in every way that he tempts us, yet” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '4', '15', 'fve3', '', 'χωρὶς ἁμαρτίας', '1', 'he is without sin', '“but he did not sin”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '4', '16', 'aj1p', 'figs-metonymy', 'τῷ θρόνῳ', '1', 'to the throne of grace', 'Here, **the throne** refers to God ruling as king. Alternate translation: “to where our gracious God is sitting on his throne” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '4', '16', 'py6d', 'figs-metaphor', 'λάβωμεν ἔλεος, καὶ χάριν εὕρωμεν, εἰς εὔκαιρον βοήθειαν', '1', 'we may receive mercy and find grace to help in time of need', 'Here, **mercy** and **grace** are spoken of as if they were objects that can be given or can be found. Alternate translation: “God may be merciful and gracious and help us in time of need” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '5', 'intro', 'b67j', '', '', '0', '', '# Hebrews 5 General Notes

## Structure and formatting

This chapter is a continuation of the teaching of the previous chapter.

Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 5:5-6.

## Special concepts in this chapter

### High priest

Only a high priest could offer sacrifices so that God could forgive sins, so Jesus had to be a high priest. The law of Moses commanded that the high priest be from the tribe of Levi, but Jesus was from the tribe of Judah. God made him a priest like the priest Melchizedek, who lived at the time of Abraham, before there was a tribe of Levi.

## Important figures of speech in this chapter

### Milk and solid food

The writer speaks of Christians who are only able to understand simple things about Jesus as if they were babies, who drink only milk and cannot eat solid food. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '5', '1', 'dn18', '', '', '0', 'Connecting Statement:', 'The writer describes the sinfulness of the Old Testament priests, then he shows that Christ has a better kind of priesthood, not based on Aaron’s priesthood but on the priesthood of Melchizedek.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '5', '1', 'whq1', 'figs-activepassive', 'ἐξ ἀνθρώπων λαμβανόμενος', '1', 'chosen from among people', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “whom God chooses from among the people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '5', '1', 'ndz7', 'figs-activepassive', 'καθίσταται', '1', 'is appointed', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “God appoints” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '5', '1', 'mzd9', '', 'ὑπὲρ ἀνθρώπων καθίσταται', '1', 'to act on the behalf of people', 'Alternate translation: “is appointed to represent the people”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '5', '2', 'gt9j', 'figs-activepassive', 'πλανωμένοις', '1', 'those … who have been deceived', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “whom others have deceived” or “who believe what is false” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '5', '2', 'f781', '', 'πλανωμένοις', '1', 'who have been deceived', 'Alternate translation: “who believe false things and so behave badly”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '5', '2', 'ny8u', 'figs-metaphor', 'περίκειται ἀσθένειαν', '1', 'is subject to weakness', 'The high priest’s own **weakness** is spoken of as if it were another person who rules over him. Alternate translation: “is spiritually weak” or “is controlled by his weakness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '5', '2', 'ihs9', '', 'ἀσθένειαν', '1', 'weakness', 'the desire to sin']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '5', '3', 'q5xi', 'figs-activepassive', 'ὀφείλει', '1', 'he also is required', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “God also requires him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '5', '4', 'c336', 'figs-metaphor', 'λαμβάνει τὴν τιμήν', '1', 'takes this honor', 'Here, **honor** is spoken of as if it were an object that a person could grasp in his hands. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '5', '4', 'n2e1', 'figs-metonymy', 'λαμβάνει τὴν τιμήν', '1', 'takes this honor', 'The **honor** or praise and respect that people gave to the high priest stand for his task. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '5', '4', 'p6hc', 'figs-activepassive', 'καλούμενος ὑπὸ τοῦ Θεοῦ, καθώσπερ καὶ Ἀαρών', '1', 'he is called by God, just as Aaron was', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “God called him, just as he called Aaron” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '5', '5', 'c45n', '', 'Υἱός μου εἶ σύ, ἐγὼ σήμερον γεγέννηκά σε', '1', 'General Information:', 'This quotation is from the Psalms in the Old Testament.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '5', '5', 'pr3f', '', 'ὁ λαλήσας πρὸς αὐτόν', '1', 'the one speaking to him said', 'Alternate translation: “God said to him”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '5', '5', 'i694', 'figs-parallelism', 'Υἱός μου εἶ σύ, ἐγὼ σήμερον γεγέννηκά σε', '1', 'You are my Son; today I have become your Father', 'These two clauses mean essentially the same thing. See how you translated this in [Hebrews 1:5](../01/05.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-parallelism]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '5', '5', 'mfa8', 'guidelines-sonofgodprinciples', 'Υἱός', '1', 'Son … Father', '**Son** is important title that describe the relationship between Jesus and God the Father. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '5', '6', 'bce6', '', '', '0', 'General Information:', 'This prophecy is from a Psalm of David.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '5', '6', 'ds6v', 'figs-ellipsis', 'καὶ…λέγει', '1', 'he also says', 'You can state clearly to whom God is speaking. Alternate translation: “he also says to Christ” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '5', '6', 'k5uw', '', 'ἐν ἑτέρῳ', '1', 'in another place', 'Alternate translation: “in another place in the scriptures”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '5', '6', 'ede5', '', 'κατὰ τὴν τάξιν Μελχισέδεκ', '1', 'after the manner of Melchizedek', 'Here, **the order of Melchizedek** rules and practices that **Melchizedek** followed and the authority he had as a priest of God. Alternate translation: “in the same way that Melchizedek was a priest”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '5', '7', 'mv2c', 'figs-metonymy', 'ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις τῆς σαρκὸς αὐτοῦ', '1', 'During the days of his flesh', 'Here, **the days** stands for a period of time, and **flesh** stands for Jesus’ earthly life. Alternate translation: “while he lived on earth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '5', '7', 'iel9', 'figs-doublet', 'δεήσεις…καὶ ἱκετηρίας', '1', 'prayers and requests', 'Both **prayers** and **requests** mean basically the same thing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '5', '7', 'p6zm', '', 'τὸν δυνάμενον σῴζειν αὐτὸν ἐκ θανάτου', '1', 'the one able to save him from death', 'This could mean: (1) God was **able to save** Christ so that he would not die. Alternate translation: “to save him from dying” (2) God was **able to save** Christ after Christ’s death by making him alive again. If possible, translate this in a way that allows both interpretations.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '5', '7', 'e75a', 'figs-activepassive', 'εἰσακουσθεὶς', '1', 'he was heard', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “God heard him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '5', '8', 'mk8z', 'guidelines-sonofgodprinciples', 'υἱός', '1', 'a son', 'Here, **son** is an important title for Jesus, the Son of God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '5', '9', 'z2bv', '', '', '0', 'Connecting Statement:', 'In verse 11 the writer begins his third warning. He warns these believers that they are still not mature and encourages them to learn God’s word so they can understand right from wrong.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '5', '9', 'i29c', 'figs-activepassive', 'τελειωθεὶς', '1', 'He was made perfect', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “God made him perfect” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '5', '9', 'n5qt', '', 'τελειωθεὶς', '1', 'made perfect', 'Here, **made perfect** means being made mature, able to honor God in all aspects of life.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '5', '9', 'p9ug', 'figs-abstractnouns', 'ἐγένετο πᾶσιν τοῖς ὑπακούουσιν αὐτῷ αἴτιος σωτηρίας αἰωνίου', '1', 'became, for everyone who obeys him, the cause of eternal salvation', 'You can state the abstract noun **salvation** as a verb. Alternate translation: “now he saves all who obey him and causes them to live forever” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '5', '10', 'b9su', 'figs-activepassive', 'προσαγορευθεὶς ὑπὸ τοῦ Θεοῦ', '1', 'He was designated by God', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “God designated him” or “God appointed him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '5', '10', 'hd47', '', 'κατὰ τὴν τάξιν Μελχισέδεκ', '1', 'after the manner of Melchizedek', 'Here, **the order of Melchizedek** means that Christ as a priest has things in common with Melchizedek as a priest. Alternate translation: “to be the sort of high priest that Melchizedek was”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '5', '11', 'cm78', 'figs-exclusive', 'ἡμῖν ὁ λόγος', '1', 'We have much to say', 'Here, the plural pronoun **us** includes both the author and the people to whom he is writing. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '5', '11', 'r2u2', 'figs-metaphor', 'νωθροὶ γεγόνατε ταῖς ἀκοαῖς', '1', 'you have become dull in hearing', 'The ability to understand and obey is spoken of as if it were the ability to listen. And the ability to listen is spoken of as if it were a metal tool that becomes **dull** with use. Alternate translation: “you have trouble understanding it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '5', '12', 'lw1a', '', 'τὰ στοιχεῖα τῆς ἀρχῆς', '1', 'basic principles', 'Here, **principles** means a guideline or standard for making decisions. Alternate translation: “of the basic truths”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '5', '12', 'wy2h', 'figs-metaphor', 'γεγόνατε χρείαν ἔχοντες γάλακτος', '1', 'You need milk', 'Teaching about God that is easy to understand is spoken of as if it were **milk**, the only food that infants can take. Alternate translation: “you have become like babies and can drink only milk” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '5', '12', 'yk1q', 'figs-metaphor', 'γάλακτος, οὐ στερεᾶς τροφῆς', '1', 'milk, not solid food', 'Teaching about God that is difficult to understand is spoken of as if it were **solid food**, suitable for adults. Alternate translation: “of milk instead of solid food that adults can eat” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '5', '13', 'nhx3', 'figs-metonymy', 'μετέχων γάλακτος', '1', 'takes milk', 'Here, **takes** stands for “drinks.” Alternate translation: “who drinks milk” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '5', '13', 'vl7k', 'figs-metaphor', 'νήπιος γάρ ἐστιν', '1', 'because he is still a little child', 'Spiritual maturity is compared with the kind of food that a growing **child** eats. Solid food is not for a tiny baby, and that is a figure describing a young Christian who only learns simple truths; but later, more solid food is given to the little child, just as when a person matures he can learn about matters that are more difficult. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '5', '14', 'e3yh', 'figs-metonymy', 'τῶν διὰ τὴν ἕξιν τὰ αἰσθητήρια γεγυμνασμένα, ἐχόντων πρὸς διάκρισιν, καλοῦ τε καὶ κακοῦ', '1', 'who because of their maturity have their understanding trained for distinguishing good from evil', 'People trained to understand something are spoken of as if their ability to understand had been **trained**. Alternate translation: “who are mature and can distinguish between good and evil” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '6', 'intro', 'nz5i', '', '', '0', '', '# Hebrews 6 General Notes

## Special concepts in this chapter

### Abrahamic Covenant

In the covenant that God made with Abraham, God promised to make Abraham’s descendants into a great nation. He also promised to protect Abraham’s descendants and to give them land of their own. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '6', '1', 'f1nk', '', '', '0', 'Connecting Statement:', 'The writer continues with what immature Hebrew believers need to do to become mature Christians. He reminds them of the foundational teachings.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '6', '1', 'i4xr', 'figs-metaphor', 'ἀφέντες τὸν τῆς ἀρχῆς τοῦ Χριστοῦ λόγον, ἐπὶ τὴν τελειότητα φερώμεθα', '1', 'let us leave the beginning of the message of Christ and move forward to maturity', 'This speaks about the basic teachings as if they were the beginning of a journey and the mature teachings as if they were the end of a journey. Alternate translation: “let us stop only discussing what we first learned and start understanding more mature teachings as well” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '6', '1', 'thw8', 'figs-metaphor', 'μὴ πάλιν θεμέλιον καταβαλλόμενοι', '1', 'Let us not lay again the foundation … of faith in God', 'Basic teachings are spoken of as if they were a building whose construction begins by laying a **foundation**. Alternate translation: “let us not repeat the basic teachings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '6', '1', 'd5q3', 'figs-metaphor', 'νεκρῶν ἔργων', '1', 'dead works', 'Sinful deeds are spoken of as if they belonged to the world of the **dead**. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '6', '2', 's1cv', 'figs-metaphor', 'βαπτισμῶν διδαχὴν, ἐπιθέσεώς τε χειρῶν, ἀναστάσεώς τε νεκρῶν, καὶ κρίματος αἰωνίου', '1', 'nor the foundation of teaching … eternal judgment', 'The writer continues from the previous verse speaking about basic teachings as if they were a building whose construction begins by laying a foundation. Alternate translation: “nor the basic teaching about baptisms, and laying on of hands, and resurrection of the dead, and eternal judgment” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '6', '2', 'xww5', '', 'ἐπιθέσεώς…χειρῶν', '1', 'laying on of hands', 'The practice of **laying on of hands** was done to set someone apart for special service or position.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '6', '4', 'e7px', 'figs-metaphor', 'τοὺς ἅπαξ φωτισθέντας', '1', 'those who were once enlightened', 'Understanding is spoken of as if it were illumination. Alternate translation: “those who once understood the message about Christ” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '6', '4', 'l5mc', 'figs-metaphor', 'γευσαμένους…τῆς δωρεᾶς τῆς ἐπουρανίου', '1', 'who tasted the heavenly gift', 'Experiencing salvation is spoken of as if it were tasting food. Alternate translation: “who experienced God’s saving power” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '6', '4', 'd2lp', 'figs-metaphor', 'μετόχους γενηθέντας Πνεύματος Ἁγίου', '1', 'who were sharers of the Holy Spirit', 'The **Holy Spirit**, who comes to believers, is spoken of as if he were an object that people could share. Alternate translation: “who received the Holy Spirit” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '6', '5', 'vp46', 'figs-metaphor', 'καλὸν γευσαμένους Θεοῦ ῥῆμα', '1', 'who tasted God’s good word', 'Learning God’s message is spoken of as if it were tasting food. Alternate translation: “who learned God’s good message” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '6', '5', 'tw1u', 'figs-metonymy', 'δυνάμεις…μέλλοντος αἰῶνος', '1', 'the powers of the age to come', 'This means the power of God when his kingdom is fully present in all the world. In this sense, **the powers** refer to God himself, who holds all power. Alternate translation: “learned how God will work powerfully in the future” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '6', '6', 'l8nx', '', 'πάλιν ἀνακαινίζειν εἰς μετάνοιαν', '1', 'it is impossible to restore them again to repentance', 'Alternate translation: “it is impossible to bring them back to repent again”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '6', '6', 'dj3g', 'figs-metaphor', 'ἀνασταυροῦντας ἑαυτοῖς τὸν Υἱὸν τοῦ Θεοῦ', '1', 'they crucify the Son of God for themselves again', 'When people turn away from God, it is as though they crucify Jesus again. Alternate translation: “it is like they crucify for themselves the very Son of God again” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '6', '6', 'y47b', 'guidelines-sonofgodprinciples', 'τὸν Υἱὸν τοῦ Θεοῦ', '1', 'Son of God', '**Son of God** is an important title for Jesus that describes his relationship to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '6', '7', 'p4tf', 'figs-personification', 'γῆ…ἡ πιοῦσα τὸν…ὑετόν', '1', 'the land that drinks in the rain', 'Farmland that benefits from much **rain** is spoken of as if it were a person who drinks in the rainwater. Alternate translation: “the land that absorbs the rain” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '6', '7', 'r32n', 'figs-personification', 'τίκτουσα βοτάνην', '1', 'that gives birth to the plants', 'Farmland that **produces** crops is spoken of as if it gives birth to them. Alternate translation: “that produces plants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '6', '7', 'da68', 'figs-personification', 'μεταλαμβάνει εὐλογίας ἀπὸ τοῦ Θεοῦ', '1', 'the land that receives a blessing from God', 'Rain and crops are seen as proof that **God** has helped the farmland. The farmland is spoken of as if it were a person who could receive God’s **blessing**. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '6', '7', 'qq1x', '', 'εὐλογίας ἀπὸ τοῦ Θεοῦ', '1', 'a blessing from God', 'Here, **blessing** means help from God, not spoken words.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '6', '8', 'pp48', 'figs-metaphor', 'κατάρας ἐγγύς', '1', 'is near to a curse', 'This speaks of **a curse** as if it were a place to which a person could draw near. Alternate translation: “is in danger of God cursing it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '6', '8', 'a2bk', '', 'ἧς τὸ τέλος εἰς καῦσιν', '1', 'Its end is in burning', 'The farmer will burn all the worthless things in the field.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '6', '9', 'sb4a', 'figs-pronouns', 'πεπείσμεθα', '1', 'we are convinced', 'Even though the author uses the plural pronoun **we**, he is most likely referring only to himself. Alternate translation: “I am convinced” or “I am certain” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '6', '9', 'jt3k', '', 'τὰ κρείσσονα', '1', 'about better things concerning you', 'Here, **better things** means they are doing better than those who have rejected God, disobeyed him, and now can no longer repent so that God will forgive them ([Hebrews 6:4-6](./04.md)). Alternate translation: “that you are doing better things than what I have mentioned”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '6', '9', 'npu2', 'figs-abstractnouns', 'ἐχόμενα σωτηρίας', '1', 'things that concern salvation', 'You can state the abstract noun **salvation** as a verb. Alternate translation: “things that concern God saving you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '6', '10', 't2hb', 'figs-doublenegatives', 'οὐ γὰρ ἄδικος ὁ Θεὸς, ἐπιλαθέσθαι', '1', 'For God is not so unjust that he would forget', 'This double negative **not unjust** can mean that God in his justice will remember what good things his people have done. Alternate translation: “For God is just and therefore will certainly remember” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '6', '10', 'r9xx', 'figs-metonymy', 'εἰς τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ', '1', 'for his name', 'God’s **name** is a metonym that stands for God himself. Alternate translation: “for him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '6', '11', 'j7f5', 'figs-pronouns', 'ἐπιθυμοῦμεν', '1', 'We greatly desire', 'Even though the author uses the plural pronoun **we**, he is most likely referring only to himself. Alternate translation: “I greatly desire” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-pronouns]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '6', '11', 'k4si', '', 'σπουδὴν', '1', 'diligence', 'careful, hard work']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '6', '11', 'xfy1', 'figs-explicit', 'ἄχρι τέλους', '1', 'to the end', 'You can state explicitly the implicit meaning of **the end**. Alternate translation: “to the end of your lives” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '6', '11', 'i2yc', '', 'πρὸς τὴν πληροφορίαν τῆς ἐλπίδος', '1', 'in order to make your hope certain', 'Alternate translation: “in order to have complete certainty that you will receive what God has promised you”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '6', '12', 'yrh2', '', 'μιμηταὶ', '1', 'imitators', 'An “imitator” is someone who copies the behavior of someone else.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '6', '12', 'q8ry', 'figs-metaphor', 'κληρονομούντων τὰς ἐπαγγελίας', '1', 'inherit the promises', 'Receiving what God has promised believers is spoken of as if it were inheriting property and wealth from a family member. Alternate translation: “who … receive what God promised them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '6', '14', 'ymh2', '', 'λέγων', '1', 'He said', 'God said']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '6', '14', 'n47a', 'figs-metonymy', 'πληθύνων, πληθυνῶ σε', '1', 'I will greatly increase you', 'Here, **increase** stands for giving descendants. Alternate translation: “I will give you many descendants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '6', '17', 'rpv9', 'figs-metaphor', 'τοῖς κληρονόμοις τῆς ἐπαγγελίας', '1', 'to the heirs of the promise', 'The people to whom God has made promises are spoken of as if they were to inherit property and wealth from a family member. Alternate translation: “to those who would receive what he promised” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '6', '17', 'ug6j', '', 'τὸ ἀμετάθετον τῆς βουλῆς αὐτοῦ', '1', 'the unchangeable quality of his purpose', 'Alternate translation: “that his purpose would never change” or “that he would always do what he said he would do”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '6', '18', 'gjw3', 'figs-metaphor', 'οἱ καταφυγόντες', '1', 'we, who have fled for refuge', 'Believers who trust in God for him to protect them are spoken of as if they were running to a safe place. Alternate translation: “we, who have trusted him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '6', '18', 'gk6n', 'figs-metaphor', 'ἰσχυρὰν παράκλησιν ἔχωμεν, οἱ καταφυγόντες κρατῆσαι τῆς προκειμένης ἐλπίδος', '1', 'will have a strong encouragement to hold firmly to the hope set before us', 'Trust in God is spoken of as if **encouragement** were an object that could be presented to a person and that person could **hold** on to it. Alternate translation: “we who have fled for refuge will continue to trust in God just has he encouraged us to do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '6', '18', 'hs84', 'figs-activepassive', 'προκειμένης', '1', 'set before us', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “that God has placed before us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '6', '19', 'w66k', '', '', '0', 'Connecting Statement:', 'Having finished his third warning and encouragement to the believers, the writer of Hebrews continues his comparison of Jesus as priest to Melchizedek as priest.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '6', '19', 'ng9i', 'figs-metaphor', 'ὡς ἄγκυραν…τῆς ψυχῆς, ἀσφαλῆ τε καὶ βεβαίαν', '1', 'as a secure and reliable anchor for the soul', 'Just as **an anchor** keeps a boat from drifting in the water, Jesus keeps us secure in God’s presence. Alternate translation: “that causes us to live securely in God’s presence” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '6', '19', 'vdt3', 'figs-doublet', 'ἄγκυραν…τῆς ψυχῆς, ἀσφαλῆ τε καὶ βεβαίαν', '1', 'a secure and reliable anchor', 'Here the words **reliable** and **steadfast** mean basically the same thing and emphasize the complete reliability of the anchor. Alternate translation: “an anchor for the soul that is completely reliable” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '6', '19', 'd223', 'figs-personification', 'ἣν…καὶ εἰσερχομένην εἰς τὸ ἐσώτερον τοῦ καταπετάσματος', '1', 'hope that enters into the inner place behind the curtain', 'Here, **which** refers back to our “hope” in the previous verse. This hope is spoken of as if it were a person who could go into the most holy place of the temple. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '6', '19', 'aj2m', 'figs-metaphor', 'τὸ ἐσώτερον', '1', 'the inner place', 'The **inner place** was the most holy place in the temple. It was thought to be the place where God was most intensely present among his people. In this passage, this place stands for heaven and God’s throne room. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '6', '20', 'zgj6', '', 'κατὰ τὴν τάξιν Μελχισέδεκ', '1', 'after the order of Melchizedek', 'The **order of Melchizedek** means that Christ as a priest has things in common with **Melchizedek** as a priest. Alternate translation: “in the same way that Melchizedek was a priest”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '7', 'intro', 'y8j3', '', '', '0', '', '# Hebrews 7 General Notes

## Structure and formatting

Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 7:17, 21, which are words from the Old Testament.

## Special concepts in this chapter

### High priest

Only a high priest could offer sacrifices so that God could forgive sins, so Jesus had to be a high priest. The law of Moses commanded that the high priest be from the tribe of Levi, but Jesus was from the tribe of Judah. God made him a priest like the priest Melchizedek, who lived at the time of Abraham, before there was a tribe of Levi.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '7', '1', 'mwy8', '', '', '0', 'Connecting Statement:', 'The writer of Hebrews continues his comparison of Jesus as priest to Melchizedek as priest.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '7', '1', 'rfc9', 'translate-names', 'Σαλήμ', '1', 'Salem', '**Salem** was the name of a city during the time of Abraham. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '7', '1', 'rx36', 'figs-explicit', 'Ἀβραὰμ ὑποστρέφοντι ἀπὸ τῆς κοπῆς τῶν βασιλέων', '1', 'Abraham returning from the slaughter of the kings', 'This is refers to when **Abraham** and his men went and defeated the armies of four kings in order to rescue his nephew, Lot, and his family. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '7', '2', 'q87x', '', 'ᾧ', '1', 'It was to him', 'Alternate translation: “and it was to Melchizedek”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '7', '2', 'abh4', '', 'βασιλεὺς δικαιοσύνης…βασιλεὺς εἰρήνης', '1', 'king of righteousness … king of peace', 'Alternate translation: “righteous king … peaceful king”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '7', '3', 'q4eh', '', 'ἀπάτωρ, ἀμήτωρ, ἀγενεαλόγητος, μήτε ἀρχὴν ἡμερῶν, μήτε ζωῆς τέλος ἔχων', '1', 'He is without father, without mother, without ancestors, with neither beginning of days nor end of life', 'It is possible to think from this passage that Melchizedek was neither born nor did he die. However, it is likely that all the writer means is that the Scriptures provide no information about Melchizedek’s ancestry, birth, or death.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '7', '4', 'h2bg', '', '', '0', 'Connecting Statement:', 'The writer states that the priesthood of Melchizedek is better than Aaron’s priesthood and then reminds them that the priesthood of Aaron did not make anything perfect.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '7', '4', 'w2gg', '', 'οὗτος', '1', 'this man was', 'Alternate translation: “Melchizedek was”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '7', '5', 'l9zq', 'figs-distinguish', 'οἱ μὲν ἐκ τῶν υἱῶν Λευεὶ τὴν ἱερατείαν λαμβάνοντες', '1', 'The sons of Levi who receive the priesthood', 'The author says this because not all of Levi’s **sons** became priests. Alternate translation: “the descendants of Levi who became priests” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-distinguish]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '7', '5', 'hn3k', '', 'τὸν λαὸν', '1', 'from the people', 'Alternate translation: “from the people of Israel”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '7', '5', 'ri2y', '', 'τοὺς ἀδελφοὺς αὐτῶν', '1', 'from their brothers', 'Here, **brothers** means they are all related to each other through Abraham. Alternate translation: “from their relatives”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '7', '5', 'x4za', 'figs-metaphor', 'ἐξεληλυθότας ἐκ τῆς ὀσφύος Ἀβραάμ', '1', 'they, too, have come from Abraham’s body', 'The phrase **from the loins of Abraham** is a way of saying that they were descendants of Abraham. Alternate translation: “they, too, are descendants of Abraham” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '7', '6', 'r2rs', '', 'ὁ…μὴ γενεαλογούμενος ἐξ αὐτῶν', '1', 'whose descent was not traced from them', 'Alternate translation: “the one who was not a descendant of Levi”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '7', '6', 'd2hq', 'figs-metaphor', 'τὸν ἔχοντα τὰς ἐπαγγελίας', '1', 'the one who had the promises', 'The things that God promised to do for Abraham are spoken of as if they were objects that he could possess. Alternate translation: “the one to whom God had spoken his promises” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '7', '7', 'k6pc', 'figs-activepassive', 'τὸ ἔλαττον ὑπὸ τοῦ κρείττονος εὐλογεῖται', '1', 'the lesser person is blessed by the greater person', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “the more important person blesses the less important person” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '7', '8', 'sf79', '', 'ὧδε μὲν…ἐκεῖ', '1', 'In this case … in that case', 'These phrases are used to compare the Levite priests with Melchizedek. Your language may have a way to emphasize that the author is making a comparison.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '7', '8', 'c9zz', 'figs-metaphor', 'μαρτυρούμενος ὅτι ζῇ', '1', 'is testified that he lives on', 'It is never explicitly written in scripture that Melchizedek dies. The author of Hebrews speaks of this absence of information about Melchizedek’s death in scripture as if it were a positive statement that he is still alive. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '7', '8', 'd1yr', 'figs-activepassive', 'μαρτυρούμενος ὅτι ζῇ', '1', '', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “scripture shows that he lives on” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '7', '9', 'v1yu', 'figs-metaphor', 'δι’ Ἀβραὰμ, καὶ Λευεὶς, ὁ δεκάτας λαμβάνων, δεδεκάτωται', '1', 'Levi, who received tithes, also paid tithes through Abraham', 'Since **Levi** had not been born yet, the author speaks of him as still being in Abraham’s body when Abraham met Melchizedek. In this way, the author argues that Levi **paid tithes** to Melchizedek through **Abraham**. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '7', '10', 'g26s', 'figs-metaphor', 'ἔτι…ἐν τῇ ὀσφύϊ τοῦ πατρὸς ἦν', '1', 'Levi was in the body of his ancestor', 'Since Levi had not been born yet, the author speaks of him as still being in Abraham’s body. In this way, the author argues that Levi paid tithes to Melchizedek through Abraham. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '7', '11', 'kdb8', '', 'μὲν οὖν', '1', 'Now', 'Here, **So** is used to draw attention to the important point that follows.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '7', '11', 'wgp5', 'figs-rquestion', 'τίς ἔτι χρεία κατὰ τὴν τάξιν Μελχισέδεκ, ἕτερον ἀνίστασθαι ἱερέα, καὶ οὐ κατὰ τὴν τάξιν Ἀαρὼν λέγεσθαι?', '1', 'what further need would there have been for another priest to arise after the manner of Melchizedek, and not be considered to be after the manner of Aaron?', 'This question emphasizes that it was unexpected that priests come after **the order of Melchizedek**. Alternate translation: “no one would have needed another priest, one who was like Melchizedek and not like Aaron, to arise.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '7', '11', 'hi4e', '', 'ἀνίστασθαι', '1', 'to arise', 'Alternate translation: “to come” or “to appear”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '7', '11', 'cc5f', '', 'κατὰ τὴν τάξιν Μελχισέδεκ', '1', 'after the manner of Melchizedek', 'This means that Christ as a priest has things in common with **Melchizedek** as a priest. Alternate translation: “in the same way that Melchizedek was a priest”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '7', '11', 'kt3a', 'figs-activepassive', 'οὐ κατὰ τὴν τάξιν Ἀαρὼν λέγεσθαι', '1', 'not be considered to be after the manner of Aaron', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “not be after the manner of Aaron” or “who is not a priest like Aaron” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '7', '12', 'c7f1', 'figs-activepassive', 'μετατιθεμένης γὰρ τῆς ἱερωσύνης, ἐξ ἀνάγκης καὶ νόμου μετάθεσις γίνεται', '1', 'For when the priesthood is changed, the law must also be changed', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “For when God changed the priesthood, he also had to change the law” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '7', '13', 'k9zi', '', 'ὃν', '1', 'For the one', 'Here, **whom** refers to Jesus.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '7', '13', 'm9mm', 'figs-activepassive', 'ἐφ’ ὃν…λέγεται ταῦτα', '1', 'about whom these things are said', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “about whom I am speaking” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '7', '14', 't3dm', '', 'γὰρ', '1', 'Now', '**For** is used to draw attention to the important point that follows.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '7', '14', 'qsk5', '', 'ἐξ Ἰούδα ἀνατέταλκεν ὁ Κύριος ἡμῶν', '1', 'it is from Judah that our Lord was born', 'The words **our Lord** refer to Jesus.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '7', '14', 'ln94', '', 'ἐξ Ἰούδα', '1', 'from Judah', 'Alternate translation: “from the tribe of Judah”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '7', '15', 'i17g', '', '', '0', 'General Information:', 'This quote comes from a psalm of King David.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '7', '15', 'jn1p', '', 'περισσότερον ἔτι κατάδηλόν ἐστιν', '1', 'What we say is clearer yet', 'Alternate translation: “we can understand even more clearly”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '7', '15', 'md9i', '', 'εἰ…ἀνίσταται ἱερεὺς ἕτερος', '1', 'if another priest arises', 'Alternate translation: “if another priest comes”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '7', '15', 'z1yl', '', 'κατὰ τὴν ὁμοιότητα Μελχισέδεκ', '1', 'in the likeness of Melchizedek', 'This means that Christ as a priest has things in common with **Melchizedek** as a priest. Alternate translation: “in the same way that Melchizedek was a priest”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '7', '16', 'fr4a', '', 'ὃς οὐ κατὰ νόμον…γέγονεν', '1', 'It was not based on the law', 'Alternate translation: “his becoming priest was not based on a law”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '7', '16', 'erq7', 'figs-metonymy', 'νόμον ἐντολῆς σαρκίνης', '1', 'the law of fleshly descent', 'The idea of human descent is spoken of as if it had only to do with the flesh of one’s body. Alternate translation: “the law of human descent” or “the law about priests’ descendants becoming priests” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '7', '17', 'xmj8', 'figs-personification', 'μαρτυρεῖται γὰρ', '1', 'For scripture witnesses about him', 'This speaks about scripture as if it were a person who could witness about something. Alternate translation: “For God witnesses about him through the scriptures” or “For this is what was written about him in the scripture” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '7', '17', 'g6zd', '', 'κατὰ τὴν τάξιν Μελχισέδεκ', '1', 'according to the order of Melchizedek', 'There were two groups of priests. One was made up of the descendants of Levi. The other was made up of **Melchizedek** and Jesus Christ. Alternate translation: “according to the line of Melchizedek” or “according to the priesthood of Melchizedek”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '7', '19', 'ia8j', 'figs-personification', 'οὐδὲν…ἐτελείωσεν ὁ νόμος', '1', 'the law made nothing perfect', 'Here, **the law** is spoken of as if it were a person who could act. Alternate translation: “no one could become perfect by obeying the law” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '7', '19', 'stc2', 'figs-activepassive', 'ἐπεισαγωγὴ…κρείττονος ἐλπίδος', '1', 'a better hope is introduced', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “God has introduced a better hope” or “God has given us reason for a more confident hope” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '7', '19', 'c9tz', 'figs-metaphor', 'δι’ ἧς ἐγγίζομεν τῷ Θεῷ', '1', 'through which we come near to God', 'Worshiping God and having his favor are spoken of as to **come near** to him. Alternate translation: “and because of this hope we approach God” or “and because of this hope we worship God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '7', '20', 'f3cd', '', '', '0', 'General Information:', 'This quote comes from the same psalm of David as [Hebrews 7:17](../07/17.md).']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '7', '20', 'vf69', 'figs-explicit', 'καὶ καθ’ ὅσον οὐ χωρὶς ὁρκωμοσίας', '1', 'And it was not without an oath!', 'You can state this clearly who made this **oath**. Alternate translation: “And God did not choose this new priest without swearing an oath!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '7', '20', 'ziqe', 'figs-doublenegatives', 'καὶ καθ’ ὅσον οὐ χωρὶς ὁρκωμοσίας', '1', '', 'The double negative **not without** emphasizes that Jesus became a priest through an oath. Alternate translation: “And it was because God swore an oath that the Lord became the new priest!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '7', '22', 'h462', '', '', '0', 'Connecting Statement:', 'The writer then assures these Jewish believers that Christ has the better priesthood because he lives forever and the priests that descended from Aaron all died.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '7', '22', 'e23d', '', 'κρείττονος διαθήκης, γέγονεν ἔγγυος', '1', 'has given the guarantee of a better covenant', 'Alternate translation: “has told us that we can be sure that there will be a better covenant”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '7', '24', 'u941', 'figs-abstractnouns', 'ἀπαράβατον ἔχει τὴν ἱερωσύνην', '1', 'he has a permanent priesthood', 'A priest’s work is spoken of as if it were an object that Jesus possesses. This can be worded to avoid the abstract noun **priesthood**. Alternate translation: “he is a priest permanently” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '7', '25', 'a4gg', 'figs-explicit', 'ὅθεν', '1', 'Therefore he', 'You can make explicit what **Therefore** implies. Alternate translation: “Because Christ is our high priest who lives forever,” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '7', '25', 'b182', '', 'τοὺς προσερχομένους δι’ αὐτοῦ τῷ Θεῷ', '1', 'those who approach God through him', 'Alternate translation: “those who come to God because of what Jesus has done”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '7', '26', 'cmq1', 'figs-metaphor', 'ὑψηλότερος τῶν οὐρανῶν γενόμενος', '1', 'has become higher than the heavens', 'The author speaks of possessing more honor and power than anyone else as if it were position that is up above all things. Alternate translation: “God has given him more honor and power than anyone else” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '7', '27', 'b6nv', '', 'τῶν ἰδίων…ἐποίησεν…ἑαυτὸν', '1', 'General Information:', 'Here, **his own** refers to the Levitical priests. The second **he** and the word **himself** refer to Christ.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '7', '28', 'n693', 'figs-metonymy', 'ὁ νόμος…ἀνθρώπους καθίστησιν ἀρχιερεῖς ἔχοντας ἀσθένειαν', '1', 'the law appoints as high priests men who have weaknesses', 'Here, **the law** is a metonym for the men who appointed the **high priests** according to the law of Moses. The focus is not on the men who did this, but on the fact that they did this according to the law. Alternate translation: “according to the law, men appoint as high priests men who have weaknesses” or “for according to the law, men who have weaknesses are appointed as high priests” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '7', '28', 'u5ny', '', 'ἀνθρώπους…ἔχοντας ἀσθένειαν', '1', 'men who have weaknesses', 'Alternate translation: “men who are spiritually weak” or “men who are weak against sin”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '7', '28', 'yez2', 'figs-metonymy', 'ὁ λόγος…τῆς ὁρκωμοσίας, τῆς μετὰ τὸν νόμον, Υἱόν', '1', 'the word of the oath, which came after the law, appointed a Son', 'Here, **the word of the oath** represents God who made the oath. Alternate translation: “God appointed a Son by his oath, which he made after he gave the law” or “after he had given the law, God swore an oath and appointed his Son” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '7', '28', 'msa4', 'guidelines-sonofgodprinciples', 'Υἱόν', '1', 'Son', '**Son** is an important title for Jesus, the Son of God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '7', '28', 'fkl3', 'figs-activepassive', 'τετελειωμένον', '1', 'who has been made perfect', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “who has completely obeyed God and become mature” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '8', 'intro', 'ks94', '', '', '0', '', '# Hebrews 8 General Notes

## Structure and formatting

The author finishes describing how and why Jesus is the most important high priest. Then he begins to speak about how the new covenant is better to the covenant God made with Moses. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]])

Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 8:8-12, which are words from the Old Testament.

## Special concepts in this chapter

### New covenant

The author tells how Jesus has established a new covenant that is better than the covenant that God established with the Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '8', '1', 'nb8q', '', '', '0', 'Connecting Statement:', 'The writer, having shown that Christ’s priesthood is better than the earthly priesthood, shows that the earthly priesthood was a pattern of heavenly things. Christ has a superior ministry, a superior covenant.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '8', '1', 'tw7l', '', 'δὲ', '1', 'Now', '**Now** does not mean “at this moment,” but is used to draw attention to the important point that follows.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '8', '1', 'm2b4', 'figs-exclusive', 'ἔχομεν ἀρχιερέα', '1', 'We have a high priest', 'The author is including the readers here, so the word **We** is inclusive. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '8', '1', 'b8qy', 'translate-symaction', 'ἐκάθισεν ἐν δεξιᾷ τοῦ θρόνου τῆς Μεγαλωσύνης', '1', 'sat down at the right hand of the throne of the Majesty', 'To sit at the **right hand** of God is a symbolic action of receiving great honor and authority from God. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Hebrews 1:3](../01/03.md). Alternate translation: “sat down at the place of honor and authority beside the throne of the Majesty” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '8', '2', 'lrb7', '', 'τῆς σκηνῆς τῆς ἀληθινῆς, ἣν ἔπηξεν ὁ Κύριος, οὐκ ἄνθρωπος', '1', 'the true tabernacle that the Lord, not a man, set up', 'People built the earthly **tabernacle** out of animal skins fastened to a wooden framework, and they set it up in the manner of a tent. Here, **true tabernacle** means the heavenly tabernacle that God created.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '8', '3', 'su9j', 'figs-activepassive', 'πᾶς γὰρ ἀρχιερεὺς…καθίσταται', '1', 'For every high priest is appointed', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “For God appoints every priest” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '8', '4', 'p2v6', '', 'οὖν', '1', 'Now', '**Now** does not mean “at this moment,” but is used to draw attention to the important point that follows.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '8', '4', 'gfz1', '', 'κατὰ νόμον', '1', 'according to the law', 'Alternate translation: “as God requires in the law”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '8', '5', 't3i8', 'figs-metaphor', 'οἵτινες ὑποδείγματι καὶ σκιᾷ λατρεύουσιν τῶν ἐπουρανίων', '1', 'They serve a copy and shadow of the heavenly things', 'The words **copy** and **shadow** are metaphors meaning that something is not the real thing but it is similar to the real thing. Alternate translation: “who serve what is a vague image of the heavenly things” or “who serve what is only similar to the heavenly things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '8', '5', 'm067', 'figs-doublet', 'ὑποδείγματι καὶ σκιᾷ…τῶν ἐπουρανίων', '1', '', 'The words **copy** and **shadow** have similar meanings and emphasize that the priesthood and the earthly temple were only images of Christ, the true high priest, and the heavenly temple. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '8', '5', 'k5r1', 'figs-activepassive', 'καθὼς κεχρημάτισται Μωϋσῆς, μέλλων', '1', 'It is just as Moses was warned by God when he was', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “just as God warned Moses when Moses was about” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '8', '5', 'qb7g', 'figs-explicit', 'μέλλων ἐπιτελεῖν τὴν σκηνήν', '1', 'was about to construct the tabernacle', 'Moses did not construct the **tabernacle** himself. He ordered the people to construct it. Alternate translation: “when he was about to command the people to construct the tabernacle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '8', '5', 'jk6i', '', 'ὅρα', '1', 'See that', 'Alternate translation: “Make sure that”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '8', '5', 'wf1p', '', 'τὸν τύπον', '1', 'to the pattern', 'Alternate translation: “the design”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '8', '5', 's9xe', 'figs-activepassive', 'τὸν δειχθέντα σοι', '1', 'that was shown to you', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “that I showed you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '8', '5', 'j3tz', 'figs-explicit', 'ἐν τῷ ὄρει', '1', 'on the mountain', 'You can make explicit that the **mountain** refers to Mount Sinai. Alternate translation: “on Mount Sinai” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '8', '6', 'qdj6', '', '', '0', 'Connecting Statement:', 'This section begins to show that the new covenant is better than the old covenant with Israel and Judah.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '8', '6', 'rt2a', 'figs-activepassive', 'τέτυχεν', '1', 'Christ has received', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “God has given Christ” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '8', '6', 'spy1', '', 'κρείττονός…διαθήκης μεσίτης', '1', 'mediator of a better covenant', 'This means Christ caused a **better covenant** between God and humans to exist.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '8', '6', 'aw58', 'figs-activepassive', 'ἥτις ἐπὶ κρείττοσιν ἐπαγγελίαις νενομοθέτηται', '1', 'covenant, which is based on better promises', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “which God made based on better promises” or “in which God promised better things when he made this covenant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '8', '7', 'wb9d', 'translate-ordinal', 'ἡ πρώτη…δευτέρας', '1', 'first covenant … second covenant', 'The words **first** and **second** are ordinal numbers. Alternate translation: “old covenant … for a new covenant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '8', '7', 'gig6', '', 'ἦν ἄμεμπτος', '1', 'had been faultless', 'Alternate translation: “had been perfect”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '8', '8', 'ya4n', '', '', '0', 'General Information:', 'In this quotation the prophet Jeremiah foretold of a new covenant that God would make.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '8', '8', 'sqb4', '', 'αὐτοῖς', '1', 'with the people', 'Alternate translation: “with the people of Israel”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '8', '8', 'xhp8', '', 'ἰδοὺ', '1', 'See', 'Alternate translation: “Look” or “Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '8', '8', 'c6zm', 'figs-metaphor', 'τὸν οἶκον Ἰσραὴλ, καὶ ἐπὶ τὸν οἶκον Ἰούδα', '1', 'the house of Israel and with the house of Judah', 'The people of **Israel** and **Judah** are spoken of as if they were houses. Alternate translation: “the people of Israel and with the people of Judah” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '8', '9', 'dde5', 'figs-metaphor', 'ἐπιλαβομένου μου τῆς χειρὸς αὐτῶν, ἐξαγαγεῖν αὐτοὺς ἐκ γῆς Αἰγύπτου', '1', 'I took them by their hand to lead them out of the land of Egypt', 'This metaphor represents God’s great love and concern as if he were holding their hands in order to physically **lead them out** of **Egypt**. Alternate translation: “when I led them out of Egypt like a father leads his young child” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '8', '10', 'fh1c', '', '', '0', 'General Information:', 'This is a quotation from the prophet Jeremiah.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '8', '10', 'k2ew', 'figs-metaphor', 'τῷ οἴκῳ Ἰσραὴλ', '1', 'the house of Israel', 'The people of **Israel** are spoken of as if they were a **house**. Alternate translation: “the people of Israel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '8', '10', 'q78u', '', 'μετὰ τὰς ἡμέρας ἐκείνας', '1', 'after those days', 'Alternate translation: “after that time”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '8', '10', 'gbw3', 'figs-metaphor', 'διδοὺς νόμους μου εἰς τὴν διάνοιαν αὐτῶν', '1', 'I will put my laws into their minds', 'God’s **laws** are spoken of as if they were objects that could be placed somewhere. People’s ability to think is spoken of as if it were a place. Alternate translation: “I will enable them to understand my laws” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '8', '10', 'e45g', 'figs-metonymy', 'ἐπὶ καρδίας αὐτῶν ἐπιγράψω αὐτούς', '1', 'I will also write them on their hearts', 'Here, **hearts** is a metonym for a person’s inner being. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '8', '10', 'ojsy', 'figs-metaphor', 'ἐπὶ καρδίας αὐτῶν ἐπιγράψω αὐτούς', '1', '', 'The phrase **write them on their hearts** is a metaphor for enabling people to obey the law. Alternate translation: “I will also put them in their hearts” or “I will enable them to obey my law” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '8', '10', 'hs53', '', 'ἔσομαι αὐτοῖς εἰς Θεόν', '1', 'I will be their God', 'Alternate translation: “I will be the God they worship”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '8', '10', 'xgm3', '', 'αὐτοὶ ἔσονταί μοι εἰς λαόν', '1', 'they will be my people', 'Alternate translation: “they will be the people for whom I care”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '8', '11', 'lsq6', '', '', '0', 'General Information:', 'This continues the quotation from the prophet Jeremiah.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '8', '11', 'jl1h', 'figs-quotations', 'οὐ μὴ διδάξωσιν ἕκαστος τὸν πολίτην αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἕκαστος τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ λέγων, γνῶθι τὸν Κύριον', '1', 'They will not teach each one his neighbor and each one his brother, saying, ‘Know the Lord.’', 'You can state this direct quotation as an indirect quotation. Alternate translation: “they will not need to teach their neighbors or brothers to know me” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-quotations]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '8', '11', 'wne2', 'figs-doublet', 'τὸν πολίτην…τὸν ἀδελφὸν', '1', 'neighbor … brother', 'Both **fellow citizen** and **brother** mean the same thing and refer to fellow Israelites. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '8', '11', 'q5ki', 'figs-metonymy', 'γνῶθι τὸν Κύριον…πάντες εἰδήσουσίν με', '1', 'Know the Lord … will all know me', '**Know** here stands for acknowledging God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '8', '12', 'cu1b', 'figs-metonymy', 'ταῖς ἀδικίαις αὐτῶν', '1', 'toward their evil deeds', 'Here, **evil deeds** stands for the people who committed these evil deeds. Alternate translation: “to those who did evil deeds” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '8', '12', 'a1xr', 'figs-metonymy', 'τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν αὐτῶν οὐ μὴ μνησθῶ ἔτι', '1', 'their sins I will not remember any longer', 'Here, **remember** stands for “think about.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', 'intro', 'p8vy', '', '', '0', '', '# Hebrews 9 General Notes

## Structure and formatting

This chapter describes how Jesus is better than the temple and all its laws and rules. This chapter will be difficult to understand if the first five books of the Old Testament have not yet been translated.

## Special concepts in this chapter

### Will

A will is a legal document that describes what will happen to a person’s property after he dies.

### Blood

In the Old Testament, God had commanded the Israelites to offer sacrifices so that he would forgive their sins. Before they could offer these sacrifices, they had to kill animals and then offer not only the animal’s body but also its blood. Shedding blood is a metaphor for killing an animal or person. Jesus offered his life, his blood, as a sacrifice when he allowed men to kill him. The writer of the Book of Hebrews is saying in this chapter that this sacrifice is better than the sacrifices of the Old Testament. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]])

### Return of Christ

Jesus will return to finish the work that he began when he died so that God would forgive his people’s sins. He will finish saving those people who are waiting for him. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/save]])

## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter

### First covenant

This refers to the covenant that God made with Moses. However, before he made this covenant, God had made a covenant with Abraham. But this was the first covenant that God had made with the people of Israel. You may decide to translate “the first covenant” as “the earlier covenant.”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '1', 'af6x', '', '', '0', 'Connecting Statement:', 'The writer makes clear to these Jewish believers that the laws and the tabernacle of the old covenant were only pictures of the better, new covenant.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '1', 'av9i', '', 'οὖν', '1', 'Now', '**Now** marks a new part of the teaching.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '1', 'd3vs', '', 'ἡ πρώτη', '1', 'first covenant', 'See how you translated **first covenant** in [Hebrews 8:7](../08/07.md).']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '1', 'pw63', '', 'εἶχε…δικαιώματα', '1', 'had regulations', 'Alternate translation: “had detailed instructions” or “had rules”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '2', 'e3em', '', 'γὰρ', '1', 'For', 'The author is continuing the discussion from [Hebrews 8:7](../08/07.md).']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '2', 'f6k7', 'figs-activepassive', 'σκηνὴ…κατεσκευάσθη', '1', 'a tabernacle was prepared', 'A **tabernacle** was constructed and made ready for use. You can state this idea in active form. Alternate translation: “the Israelites prepared a tabernacle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '2', 't13a', '', 'ἥ τε λυχνία καὶ ἡ τράπεζα, καὶ ἡ Πρόθεσις τῶν ἄρτων', '1', 'the lampstand, the table, and the bread of the presence', 'These objects are all accompanied by the definite article **the**, because these are specific things that the author assumes that his readers already know about.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '2', 'gw3p', 'figs-abstractnouns', 'ἡ Πρόθεσις τῶν ἄρτων', '1', 'bread of the presence', 'You can reworded the abstract noun **presentation** to express it with the verb “display” or “present.” Alternate translation: “the bread on display before God” or “the bread the priests presented to God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '3', 'j7w3', '', 'μετὰ…τὸ δεύτερον καταπέτασμα', '1', 'Behind the second curtain', 'The first curtain was the outer wall of the tabernacle, so the **second curtain** was the curtain between the “holy place” and the “most holy place.”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '3', 'ssr9', 'translate-ordinal', 'δεύτερον', '1', 'second', 'The word **second** is the ordinal word for number two. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '4', 'kt3u', '', 'ἐν ᾗ', '1', 'Inside it', 'Alternate translation: “inside the ark of the covenant was”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '4', 'jj9y', 'figs-explicit', 'ἡ ῥάβδος Ἀαρὼν ἡ βλαστήσασα', '1', 'Aaron’s rod that budded', 'This was the **rod** that **Aaron** had when God proved to the people of Israel that he had chosen Aaron as his priest by making Aaron’s rod bud. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '4', 'md1f', '', 'ἡ βλαστήσασα', '1', 'that budded', 'Alternate translation: “from which leaves and flowers had grown”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '4', 'q9w3', '', 'αἱ πλάκες τῆς διαθήκης', '1', 'tablets of the covenant', 'Here, **tablets** are flat pieces of stone that had writing on them. This refers to the stone tablets on which the ten commandments were written.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '5', 'ue5q', '', 'Χερουβεὶν δόξης κατασκιάζοντα τὸ ἱλαστήριον', '1', 'glorious cherubim overshadowed the atonement lid', 'When the Israelites were making the ark of the covenant, God commanded them to carve two **cherubim** facing each other, with their wings touching, over the **atonement lid** of the ark of the covenant. Here they are spoken of as providing shade for the ark of the covenant. Alternate translation: “glorious cherubim covered the atonement lid with their wings”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '5', 'fh6g', 'figs-metonymy', 'Χερουβεὶν', '1', 'cherubim', 'Here, **cherubim** refers to the carved figures of two cherubim. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '6', 'mra7', 'figs-activepassive', 'τούτων…οὕτως κατεσκευασμένων', '1', 'After these things were prepared', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “after the priests prepared these things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '7', 'xs9l', 'figs-doublenegatives', 'οὐ χωρὶς αἵματος', '1', 'not without blood', 'You can state the double negative **not without** in positive form. Alternate translation: “enters, and he always brings blood” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '7', 'xtk5', '', 'αἵματος', '1', 'blood', 'This is the **blood** of the bull and goat that the high priest had to sacrifice on the Day of Atonement.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '8', 'a26f', '', 'τῶν ἁγίων', '1', 'the most holy place', 'Here, **the holy place** could refer to: (1) the inner room of the tabernacle on earth. (2) God’s presence in heaven.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '8', 'e14c', 'figs-metonymy', 'ἔτι τῆς πρώτης σκηνῆς ἐχούσης στάσιν', '1', 'the first tabernacle was still standing', 'This could mean: (1) the outer room of the **tabernacle** was still standing. (2) the earthly **tabernacle** and the sacrificial system still existed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '9', 'cu76', '', 'ἥτις παραβολὴ', '1', 'This was an illustration', 'Alternate translation: “and this first tabernacle is a picture”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '9', 'fl6i', '', 'εἰς τὸν καιρὸν τὸν ἐνεστηκότα', '1', 'for the present time', 'Alternate translation: “for now”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '9', 'g16u', 'figs-activepassive', 'προσφέρονται', '1', 'that are now being offered', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “that the priests now offer” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '9', 'qsa1', 'figs-metaphor', 'μὴ δυνάμεναι κατὰ συνείδησιν τελειῶσαι τὸν λατρεύοντα', '1', 'are not able to perfect the worshiper’s conscience', 'The writer speaks of a person’s **conscience** as if it were an object that could be made better and better until it was without fault. A person’s conscience is his knowledge of right and wrong. It is also his awareness of whether or not he has done wrong. If he knows he has done wrong, we say that he feels guilty. Alternate translation: “are not able to make the worshiper free from guilt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '9', 'c31d', 'figs-genericnoun', 'τὸν λατρεύοντα', '1', 'the worshiper’s conscience', 'The writer appears to refer to only one **worshiper**, but he means all those who came to worship God at the tabernacle. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '10', 'hqs8', '', 'μέχρι καιροῦ διορθώσεως', '1', 'until the time of the new order', 'Alternate translation: “until God created the new order”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '11', 'bnc6', '', '', '0', 'Connecting Statement:', 'Having described the service of the tabernacle under God’s law, the writer makes clear that Christ’s service under the new covenant is better because it is sealed with his blood. It is better also because Christ has entered the true “tabernacle,” that is, God’s own presence in heaven, instead of entering, as other high priests, into the earthly tabernacle, which was only an imperfect copy.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '11', 'da2i', '', 'τῶν…ἀγαθῶν', '1', 'good things', 'Here, **good things** does not refer to material things. It means the good things that God promised in his new covenant.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '11', 'czx6', '', 'τῆς μείζονος καὶ τελειοτέρας σκηνῆς', '1', 'the greater and more perfect tabernacle', 'This refers to the heavenly tent or **tabernacle**, which is more important and more perfect than the earthly tabernacle.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '11', 'lxw8', 'figs-activepassive', 'οὐ χειροποιήτου', '1', 'that was not made by human hands', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “that humans hands did not make” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '11', 'mtj9', 'figs-synecdoche', 'χειροποιήτου', '1', 'human hands', 'Here, **hands** refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: “humans” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '12', 'wp9n', 'figs-metaphor', 'ἅγια', '1', 'most holy place', 'God’s presence in heaven is spoken of as if it were the **holy place**, the innermost room in the tabernacle. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '13', 'ch3c', '', 'σποδὸς δαμάλεως, ῥαντίζουσα τοὺς κεκοινωμένους', '1', 'sprinkling of a heifer’s ashes on those who have become unclean', 'The priest would throw small amounts of the **ashes** on the **unclean** people.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '13', 'seb3', 'figs-metonymy', 'πρὸς τὴν τῆς σαρκὸς καθαρότητα', '1', 'for the cleansing of their flesh', 'Here, **flesh** refers to the entire body. Alternate translation: “for the cleansing of their bodies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '14', 't58w', 'figs-exclamations', 'πόσῳ μᾶλλον τὸ αἷμα τοῦ Χριστοῦ, ὃς διὰ Πνεύματος αἰωνίου, ἑαυτὸν προσήνεγκεν ἄμωμον τῷ Θεῷ, καθαριεῖ τὴν συνείδησιν ὑμῶν ἀπὸ νεκρῶν ἔργων, εἰς τὸ λατρεύειν Θεῷ ζῶντι!', '1', 'how much more will the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered himself without blemish to God, cleanse our conscience from dead works to serve the living God?', 'The author uses this exclamation to emphasize that Christ’s sacrifice was the most powerful. Alternate translation: “then certainly Christ’s blood will cleanse our conscience even more from dead works to serve the living God! Because, through the eternal Spirit, he offered himself without blemish to God!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '14', 'r22p', 'figs-metonymy', 'τὸ αἷμα τοῦ Χριστοῦ', '1', 'the blood of Christ', 'The **blood** of Christ refers to his death. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '14', 'xj6g', 'figs-metaphor', 'ἄμωμον', '1', 'without blemish', 'A **blemish** is a small sin or moral fault spoken of here as if it were a small, unusual spot or defect on Christ’s body. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '14', 'rkh4', 'figs-metonymy', 'τὴν συνείδησιν ὑμῶν', '1', 'cleanse our conscience', 'Here, **conscience** refers to a person’s feeling of guilt. Believers no longer have to feel guilty for the sins they have committed because Jesus sacrificed himself and has forgiven them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '14', 'suu7', 'figs-metaphor', 'καθαριεῖ', '1', 'cleanse', 'Here, **cleanse** stands for the action of relieving our consciences from guilt for the sins we have committed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '14', 'zbj1', 'figs-metaphor', 'νεκρῶν ἔργων', '1', 'dead works', 'Sinful deeds are spoken of as if they belonged to the world of the **dead**. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '15', 'x3xr', '', 'διὰ τοῦτο', '1', 'For this reason', 'Alternate translation: “as a result” or “because of this”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '15', 'p2kg', '', 'διαθήκης καινῆς μεσίτης ἐστίν', '1', 'he is the mediator of a new covenant', 'Here being a **mediator** means Christ caused the **new covenant** between God and humans to exist.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '15', 'q3x3', '', 'τῇ πρώτῃ διαθήκῃ', '1', 'first covenant', 'See how you translated **first covenant** in [Hebrews 8:7](../08/07.md).']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '15', 'z29a', 'figs-metonymy', 'εἰς ἀπολύτρωσιν τῶν ἐπὶ τῇ πρώτῃ διαθήκῃ παραβάσεων', '1', 'to free those under the first covenant from their sins', 'Here, **their transgressions** is a metonym for: (1) the guilt of their transgressions. Alternate translation: “to take away the guilt of those who were under the first covenant” (2) the punishment for their transgressions. Alternate translation: “to take away the punishment for the transgressions of those who were under the first covenant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '15', 've3v', 'figs-activepassive', 'οἱ κεκλημένοι', '1', 'those who are called', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “those whom God has chosen to be his children” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '15', 'xb9f', 'figs-metaphor', 'τῆς αἰωνίου κληρονομίας', '1', 'inheritance', 'Receiving what God has promised believers is spoken of as if it were inheriting property and wealth from a family member. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '16', 'um9a', '', 'θάνατον ἀνάγκη φέρεσθαι τοῦ διαθεμένου', '1', 'the death of the person who made it must be proven', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “someone must prove that the person who made the will has died”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '18', 'wpf1', 'figs-activepassive', 'ὅθεν οὐδ’ ἡ πρώτη χωρὶς αἵματος ἐνκεκαίνισται', '1', 'So not even the first covenant was established without blood', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “So God did not even establish the first covenant without blood” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '18', 'm9c3', 'figs-doublenegatives', 'ὅθεν οὐδ’ ἡ πρώτη χωρὶς αἵματος ἐνκεκαίνισται', '1', '', 'You can state the double negative **not even … without** in positive form. Alternate translation: “So God established even the first covenant with blood” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '18', 'kq87', '', 'πρώτη', '1', 'first covenant', 'See how you translated **first covenant** in [Hebrews 8:7](../08/07.md).']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '18', 'v838', 'figs-metonymy', 'αἵματος', '1', 'blood', 'The death of animals sacrificed to God is spoken of as if it were nothing but **blood**. Alternate translation: “the death of animals sacrificed to God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '19', 'zl2n', 'translate-symaction', 'λαβὼν τὸ αἷμα τῶν μόσχων, καὶ τῶν τράγων, μετὰ ὕδατος, καὶ ἐρίου κοκκίνου, καὶ ὑσσώπου, αὐτό τε τὸ βιβλίον καὶ πάντα τὸν λαὸν, ἐράντισεν', '1', 'took the blood … with water … and sprinkled … the scroll … and all the people', 'The priest dipped the **hyssop** in the **blood** and the **water** and then shook the hyssop so drops of blood and water would fall on the scroll and on the **people**. Sprinkling was a symbolic action done by the priests by which they applied the benefits of the covenant to people and to objects. Here the scroll and the people’s acceptability to God are renewed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '19', 'tgc2', '', 'ὑσσώπου', '1', 'hyssop', 'Hyssop was a woody shrub with flowers in summer, used in ceremonial sprinkling.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '20', 'j7en', 'figs-metonymy', 'τὸ αἷμα τῆς διαθήκης', '1', 'the blood of the covenant', 'Here, **blood** refers to the death of the animals sacrificed to carry out the covenant’s requirements. Alternate translation: “the death of the animals that brings into effect the covenant” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '21', 'k6dm', '', 'ἐράντισεν', '1', 'he sprinkled', 'Alternate translation: “Moses sprinkled”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '21', 'l27v', 'translate-symaction', 'ἐράντισεν', '1', 'sprinkled', 'Sprinkling was a symbolic action done by the priests by which they applied the benefits of the covenant to people and to objects. See how you translated this in [Hebrews 9:19](../09/19.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '21', 'xa9q', '', 'πάντα τὰ σκεύη τῆς λειτουργίας', '1', 'all the containers used in the service', 'A container is an object that can hold things. Here it may refer to any kind of utensil or tool. Alternate translation: “all the utensils used in the service”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '21', 'cl3v', 'figs-metonymy', 'τῷ αἵματι', '1', 'blood', 'Here the animal **blood** refers to the animal’s death. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '22', 'g3ef', 'figs-metaphor', 'σχεδὸν ἐν αἵματι πάντα καθαρίζεται', '1', 'almost everything is cleansed with blood', 'Making something acceptable to God is spoken of as if it were cleansing that thing. Alternate translation: “almost everything is made acceptable to God by being cleansed with blood” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '22', 'hi7m', 'figs-activepassive', 'σχεδὸν ἐν αἵματι πάντα καθαρίζεται', '1', '', 'You can state this idea in active form. Alternate translation: “the priests use blood to cleanse almost everything” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '22', 'v8bj', 'figs-metonymy', 'χωρὶς αἱματεκχυσίας, οὐ γίνεται ἄφεσις', '1', 'Without the shedding of blood there is no forgiveness', 'Here, **shedding of blood** refers to something dying as a sacrifice to God. Alternate translation: “without the death of something, there is no forgiveness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '22', 'uw4g', 'figs-doublenegatives', 'χωρὶς αἱματεκχυσίας, οὐ γίνεται ἄφεσις', '1', '', 'This double negative can mean that all forgiveness comes through the shedding of blood. Alternate translation: “forgiveness only comes when something dies as a sacrifice” or “God only forgives when something dies as a sacrifice” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '22', 'v1tr', 'figs-explicit', 'ἄφεσις', '1', 'forgiveness', 'You can state explicitly the implied meaning. Alternate translation: “forgiveness of the sins of the people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '23', 'nh15', '', '', '0', 'Connecting Statement:', 'The writer emphasizes that Christ (now in heaven interceding for us) had to die only once for sins and that he will return to earth a second time.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '23', 'q79n', 'figs-activepassive', 'ἀνάγκη…τὰ μὲν ὑποδείγματα τῶν ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς τούτοις καθαρίζεσθαι', '1', 'the copies of the things in heaven should be cleansed with these animal sacrifices', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “the priests must use these animal sacrifices to cleanse what are copies of things that are in heaven” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '23', 'y9b7', 'figs-activepassive', 'αὐτὰ δὲ τὰ ἐπουράνια κρείττοσι θυσίαις παρὰ ταύτας', '1', 'the heavenly things themselves had to be cleansed with much better sacrifices', 'That is, the **sacrifices** to cleanse the **heavenly things** are better than the sacrifices used to cleanse the earthly copies. You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “as for the heavenly things themselves, God had to cleanse them with much better sacrifices” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '24', 'cy2x', 'figs-synecdoche', 'χειροποίητα…ἅγια', '1', 'the most holy place made with hands, which', 'Here, **with hands** means “by humans.” Alternate translation: “the most holy place made by humans” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '24', 'akii', 'figs-activepassive', 'χειροποίητα…ἅγια', '1', '', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “the most holy place, which humans made” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '24', 'g5lp', '', 'τῶν ἀληθινῶν', '1', 'of the true one', 'Alternate translation: “of the true most holy place”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '25', 'f17a', '', 'οὐδ’', '1', 'He did not go there', 'Alternate translation: “And he did not enter heaven”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '25', 'zpf3', '', 'ἐν αἵματι ἀλλοτρίῳ', '1', 'with the blood of another', 'This means with the **blood** of an animal victim, not with his own blood.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '26', 'lhi3', '', 'ἐπεὶ', '1', 'If that had been the case', 'Alternate translation: “since if he had to offer himself often,”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '26', 'dq7m', 'figs-metaphor', 'εἰς ἀθέτησιν ἁμαρτίας διὰ τῆς θυσίας αὐτοῦ', '1', 'to do away with sin by the sacrifice of himself', 'Doing away with **sin** represents having God forgive it. Alternate translation: “to cause God to forgive sins by sacrificing himself” or “to sacrifice himself so that God can forgive sin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '28', 'p8b6', 'figs-activepassive', 'ὁ Χριστός ἅπαξ προσενεχθεὶς', '1', 'Christ was offered once', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “Christ offered himself once” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '28', 'hv2t', 'figs-metaphor', 'εἰς τὸ…ἀνενεγκεῖν ἁμαρτίας', '1', 'to take away the sins', 'The act of making us innocent rather than guilty for our sins is spoken of as if our **sins** were physical objects that Christ could carry away from us. Alternate translation: “so that God would forgive the sins” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '9', '28', 'p6th', 'figs-metonymy', 'τὸ…ἁμαρτίας', '1', 'the sins', 'Here, **sins** mean the guilt that people have before God because of the sins they committed. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', 'intro', 'nev1', '', '', '0', '', '# Hebrews 10 General Notes

## Structure and formatting

In this chapter, the writer finishes describing how Jesus’ sacrifice was better than the sacrifices offered in the Temple. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/lawofmoses]])

Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 10:5-7, 15-17, 37-38, which are words from the Old Testament.

## Special concepts in this chapter

### God’s judgment and reward

Holy living is important for Christians. God will hold people accountable for how they lived their Christian life. Even though there will not be eternal condemnation for Christians, ungodly actions do and will have consequences. In addition, faithful living will be rewarded. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/holy]], [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/godly]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faithful]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/other/reward]])

## Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter

### “For it is impossible for the blood of bulls and goats to take away sins”

The sacrifices themselves had no redeeming power. They were effective because they were a display of faith, which was credited to the person offering the sacrifice. It was ultimately the sacrifice of Jesus which then makes these sacrifices “take away sins.” (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/redeem]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/faith]])

### “The covenant that I will make”

It is unclear whether this prophecy was being fulfilled as the author was writing or whether it was to occur later. The translator should try to avoid making a claim about the time this covenant begins. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/prophet]] and [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/covenant]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '1', 'kwq1', '', '', '0', 'Connecting Statement:', 'The writer shows the weakness of the law and its sacrifices, why God gave the law, and the perfection of the new priesthood and Christ’s sacrifice.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '1', 'kj83', 'figs-metaphor', 'σκιὰν…ἔχων ὁ νόμος τῶν μελλόντων ἀγαθῶν', '1', 'the law is only a shadow of the good things to come', 'This speaks about the law as if it were a **shadow**. The author means the law is not the **good things** that God had promised. It only hints at the good things that God is going to do. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '1', 'r6ly', '', 'οὐκ αὐτὴν τὴν εἰκόνα τῶν πραγμάτων', '1', 'not the real forms of those things themselves', 'Alternate translation: “not the real things themselves”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '2', 'aw6g', 'figs-rquestion', 'οὐκ ἂν ἐπαύσαντο προσφερόμεναι, διὰ τὸ μηδεμίαν ἔχειν ἔτι συνείδησιν ἁμαρτιῶν, τοὺς λατρεύοντας ἅπαξ κεκαθαρισμένους?', '1', 'would the sacrifices not have ceased to be offered?', 'The author uses a question to state that the sacrifices were limited in their power. Alternate translation: “they would have ceased being offered because no one would still have consciousness of sins, those who worship having been cleansed once for all.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '2', 'xor4', 'figs-activepassive', 'οὐκ ἂν ἐπαύσαντο προσφερόμεναι', '1', '', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “they would have ceased offering those sacrifices” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '2', 'mu42', 'figs-metaphor', 'τοὺς λατρεύοντας ἅπαξ κεκαθαρισμένους', '1', 'the worshipers would have been cleansed', 'Here being **cleansed** represents no longer being guilty of sin. Alternate translation: “those who worship no longer being guilty of sin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '2', 'vzcg', 'figs-activepassive', 'τοὺς λατρεύοντας ἅπαξ κεκαθαρισμένους', '1', '', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “the sacrifices would have taken away their sin” or “God would have made them no longer guilty of sin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '2', 'm9tj', '', 'τὸ μηδεμίαν ἔχειν ἔτι συνείδησιν ἁμαρτιῶν', '1', 'would no longer have any consciousness of sin', 'AT: “they would no longer think that they are guilty of sin” or “would know that they are no longer guilty of sin”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '4', 'di8i', 'figs-metaphor', 'ἀδύνατον γὰρ αἷμα ταύρων καὶ τράγων ἀφαιρεῖν ἁμαρτίας', '1', 'For it is impossible for the blood of bulls and goats to take away sins', 'Here, **sins** are spoken of as if they were objects that animal **blood** could sweep away as it flowed. Alternate translation: “For it is impossible for the blood of bulls and goats to cause God to forgive sins” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '4', 'bvu5', 'figs-metonymy', 'αἷμα ταύρων καὶ τράγων', '1', 'the blood of bulls and goats', 'Here, **blood** refers to these animals dying as sacrifices to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '5', 'q4ye', '', '', '0', 'General Information:', 'Christ’s words when he was on earth were foretold in this quotation from a psalm of David.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '5', 'ml8e', 'figs-you', 'οὐκ ἠθέλησας', '1', 'you did not desire', 'Here, **you** is singular and refers to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '5', 'cu51', '', 'σῶμα…κατηρτίσω', '1', 'a body you have prepared', 'Alternate translation: “you have made a body ready”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '7', 'zn6c', '', 'τότε εἶπον', '1', 'Then I said', 'Here, **I** refers to Christ.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '8', 'c8eb', '', '', '0', 'General Information:', 'Though changing the wording slightly, the author repeats these quotations from a psalm of David for emphasis.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '8', 'rlv8', '', 'θυσίας…προσφορὰς', '1', 'sacrifices … offerings', 'See how you translated the words **Sacrifices** and **offerings** in [Hebrews 10:5](../10/05.md).']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '8', 'n7kc', '', 'ὁλοκαυτώματα…περὶ ἁμαρτίας', '1', 'whole burnt offerings … sacrifices for sin', 'See how you translated **whole burnt offerings** and **sin offerings** in [Hebrews 10:6](../10/06.md).']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '8', 'd3ek', 'figs-activepassive', 'αἵτινες…προσφέρονται', '1', 'that are offered', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “that priests offer” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '9', 'k5kv', '', 'ἰδοὺ', '1', 'See', 'Alternate translation: “Look” or “Listen” or “Pay attention to what I am about to tell you”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '9', 'rxtb', 'figs-metaphor', 'ἀναιρεῖ τὸ πρῶτον, ἵνα τὸ δεύτερον στήσῃ', '1', '', 'Stopping doing it is spoken of as if it were an object that could be taken away. Starting the second way of atoning for sins is spoken of as establishing that practice. Alternate translation: “He stops people atoning for sins the first way in order to atone for sins the second way” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '9', 'ja8n', 'translate-ordinal', 'τὸ πρῶτον…τὸ δεύτερον', '1', 'first practice … the second practice', 'The words **first** and **second** are ordinal numbers. Alternate translation: “the old practice … the new practice” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-ordinal]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '10', 'xj9i', 'figs-activepassive', 'ἡγιασμένοι ἐσμὲν', '1', 'we have been sanctified', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “God has sanctified us” or “God has dedicated us to himself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '10', 'xk24', 'figs-abstractnouns', 'διὰ τῆς προσφορᾶς τοῦ σώματος Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ', '1', 'through the offering of the body of Jesus Christ', 'The abstract noun **offering** can be expressed with the verb “offer” or “sacrifice.” Alternate translation: “because Jesus Christ offered his body as a sacrifice” or “because Jesus Christ sacrificed his body” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '11', 'jq4i', 'figs-metaphor', 'οὐδέποτε δύνανται περιελεῖν ἁμαρτίας', '1', 'can never take away sins', 'This speaks of **sins** as if they are an object that a person can **take away**. Alternate translation: “can never cause God to forgive sins” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '12', 'fy8w', 'translate-symaction', 'ἐκάθισεν ἐν δεξιᾷ τοῦ Θεοῦ', '1', 'he sat down at the right hand of God', 'To sit at the **right hand of God** is a symbolic action of receiving great honor and authority from God. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Hebrews 1:3](../01/03.md). Alternate translation: “he sat down at the place of honor and authority beside God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '13', 's6sn', 'figs-metaphor', 'ἕως τεθῶσιν οἱ ἐχθροὶ αὐτοῦ ὑποπόδιον τῶν ποδῶν αὐτοῦ', '1', 'until his enemies are made a stool for his feet', 'The humiliation of Christ’s enemies is spoken of as if they were made a place for him to rest **his feet**. Alternate translation: “until God humiliates Christ’s enemies and they become like a stool for his feet” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '13', 'qnby', 'figs-activepassive', 'ἕως τεθῶσιν οἱ ἐχθροὶ αὐτοῦ ὑποπόδιον τῶν ποδῶν αὐτοῦ', '1', '', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “until God makes Christ’s enemies like a stool for his feet” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '14', 'dz9n', 'figs-activepassive', 'τοὺς ἁγιαζομένους', '1', 'those who are being sanctified', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “those whom God is sanctifying” or “those whom God has dedicated to himself” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '15', 'qk8j', '', '', '0', 'General Information:', 'This is a quotation from the prophet Jeremiah in the Old Testament.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '16', 'czh3', '', 'πρὸς αὐτοὺς', '1', 'with them', 'Alternate translation: “with my people”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '16', 's783', '', 'μετὰ τὰς ἡμέρας ἐκείνας', '1', 'after those days', 'Alternate translation: “when the time of the first covenant with my people has finished”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '16', 'xx53', 'figs-metonymy', 'διδοὺς νόμους μου ἐπὶ καρδίας αὐτῶν', '1', 'I will put my laws in their hearts', 'Here, **hearts** is a metonym for a person’s inner being. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '16', 'hpn5', 'figs-metaphor', 'διδοὺς νόμους μου ἐπὶ καρδίας αὐτῶν', '1', '', 'The phrase **put them in their hearts** is a metaphor for enabling people to obey the law. Alternate translation: “I will enable them to obey my laws” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '17', 'vkw4', '', '', '0', 'General Information:', 'This continues the quotation from the prophet Jeremiah in the Old Testament.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '17', 'qn7w', '', 'τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν αὐτῶν, καὶ τῶν ἀνομιῶν αὐτῶν, οὐ μὴ μνησθήσομαι ἔτι', '1', 'Their sins and lawless deeds I will remember no longer.”', 'This is the second part of the Holy Spirit’s testimony ([Hebrews 10:15-16](./15.md)).']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '17', 'pql9', 'figs-doublet', 'τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν αὐτῶν, καὶ τῶν ἀνομιῶν αὐτῶν', '1', 'Their sins and lawless deeds', 'The words **sins** and **lawless deeds** mean basically the same thing. Together they emphasize how bad the sin is. Alternate translation: “The things they did that were forbidden and how they broke the law” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '18', 'pje1', '', 'δὲ', '1', 'Now', '**Now** is used to draw attention to the important point that follows. It does not mean “at this moment.”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '18', 'pjh5', 'figs-abstractnouns', 'ὅπου…ἄφεσις', '1', 'where there is forgiveness for these', 'You can reword this to express the abstract noun **forgiveness** with the verb “forgive.” Alternate translation: “when God has forgiven these things” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '18', 'z351', 'figs-abstractnouns', 'οὐκέτι προσφορὰ περὶ ἁμαρτίας', '1', 'there is no longer any sacrifice for sin', 'You can reword this to express the abstract noun **sacrifice** with the verb “make offerings.” Alternate translation: “people no longer need to make offerings for sin” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '19', 'ih5u', '', '', '0', 'Connecting Statement:', 'Having made it clear that there is only one sacrifice for sin, the writer continues with the picture of the most holy place in the temple, where only the high priest could enter each year with the blood of the sacrifice for sins. He reminds the believers that they now worship God in his presence as if they were standing in the most holy place.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '19', 'f6g3', 'figs-metaphor', 'ἀδελφοί', '1', 'brothers', 'Here, **brothers** refers to all believers in Christ whether male or female. Alternate translation: “brothers and sisters” or “fellow believers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '19', 'fii7', 'figs-metaphor', 'τῶν ἁγίων', '1', 'the most holy place', 'Here, **the holy place** refers to the presence of God, not the most holy place in the old tabernacle. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '19', 'zl87', 'figs-metonymy', 'ἐν τῷ αἵματι Ἰησοῦ', '1', 'by the blood of Jesus', 'Here, **blood of Jesus** refers to the death of Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '20', 'l7wh', '', 'ὁδὸν πρόσφατον καὶ ζῶσαν', '1', 'living way', 'This could mean: (1) the **new** **way** to God that Jesus has provided results in believers **living** forever. (2) Jesus is alive, and he is the **way** believers enter into the presence of God.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '20', 'c3ve', 'figs-metaphor', 'διὰ τοῦ καταπετάσματος', '1', 'through the curtain', 'The **curtain** in the earthly temple represents the separation between people and God’s true presence. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '20', 'ega9', 'figs-metonymy', 'τῆς σαρκὸς αὐτοῦ', '1', 'his flesh', 'Here, **flesh** stands for the body of Jesus, and his body stands for his sacrificial death. Alternate translation: “by means of his death” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '21', 'uh6i', '', 'καὶ ἱερέα μέγαν ἐπὶ τὸν οἶκον τοῦ Θεοῦ', '1', 'we have a great priest over the house of God', 'This must be translated in such a way as to make it clear that Jesus is this **great priest**.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '21', 'bmh1', '', 'ἐπὶ τὸν οἶκον', '1', 'over the house', 'Alternate translation: “in charge of the house”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '21', 'd1u1', 'figs-metaphor', 'τὸν οἶκον τοῦ Θεοῦ', '1', 'the house of God', 'This speaks about God’s people as if they were a literal **house**. Alternate translation: “all the people of God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '22', 'l4ik', 'figs-metonymy', 'προσερχώμεθα', '1', 'let us approach', 'Here, **approach** stands for worshiping God, as a priest would go up to God’s altar to sacrifice animals to him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '22', 'wez1', 'figs-metonymy', 'μετὰ ἀληθινῆς καρδίας', '1', 'with true hearts', 'Here, **hearts** stands for the genuine will and motivation of the believers. Alternate translation: “with sincerity” or “with sincerely” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '22', 'i7ti', '', 'ἐν πληροφορίᾳ πίστεως', '1', 'in the full assurance of faith', 'Alternate translation: “and with a confident faith” or “and trusting completely in Jesus”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '22', 'zkg5', 'figs-activepassive', 'ῥεραντισμένοι τὰς καρδίας', '1', 'having our hearts sprinkled clean', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “as if had he made our hearts clean with his blood” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '22', 'w775', 'figs-metonymy', 'ῥεραντισμένοι τὰς καρδίας', '1', 'hearts sprinkled clean', 'Here, **hearts** is a metonym for the conscience, the awareness of right and wrong. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '22', 'oa1s', 'figs-metaphor', 'ῥεραντισμένοι τὰς καρδίας', '1', '', 'Being made **clean** is a metaphor for being forgiven and being given the status of righteousness. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '22', 'pc1a', 'translate-symaction', 'ῥεραντισμένοι', '1', 'sprinkled', 'Sprinkling was a symbolic action done by the priests by which they applied the benefits of the covenant to people and to objects. See how you translated this in [Hebrews 9:19](../09/19.md). (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '22', 'p2sk', 'figs-activepassive', 'λελουμένοι τὸ σῶμα ὕδατι καθαρῷ', '1', 'having our bodies washed with pure water', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “as if he had washed our bodies in pure water” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '22', 'tk9p', 'figs-metaphor', 'λελουμένοι τὸ σῶμα ὕδατι καθαρῷ', '1', 'our bodies washed with pure water', 'The **washing** stands for the believer being made acceptable to God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '22', 'qr4b', 'figs-metonymy', 'λελουμένοι τὸ σῶμα ὕδατι καθαρῷ', '1', '', 'If the translator understands this phrase as referring to Christian baptism, then **water** is literal, not figurative. But if water is taken as literal, then “pure” is figurative, standing for the spiritual purity that baptism is said here to accomplish. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '23', 'k5ui', 'figs-metaphor', 'κατέχωμεν τὴν ὁμολογίαν τῆς ἐλπίδος', '1', 'Let us also hold tightly to the confession of our hope', 'Here, **hold tightly** is a metaphor that refers to a person determining to do something and refusing to stop. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '23', 'n57o', 'figs-abstractnouns', 'κατέχωμεν τὴν ὁμολογίαν τῆς ἐλπίδος', '1', '', 'You can translate the abstract nouns “confession” and “expectation” as verbs. Alternate translation: “Let us be determined to continue confessing the things that we confidently expect from God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '23', 'jy4t', 'figs-metaphor', 'ἀκλινῆ', '1', 'without wavering', 'Being uncertain about something is spoken of as if he were **wavering** or leaning from side to side. Alternate translation: “without being unsure” or “without doubting” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '25', 'v4fa', 'figs-explicit', 'μὴ ἐγκαταλείποντες τὴν ἐπισυναγωγὴν ἑαυτῶν', '1', 'Let us not stop meeting together', 'You can make explicit that the people met to worship. Alternate translation: “let us not stop coming together to worship” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '25', 'rqfz', 'figs-metonymy', 'ὅσῳ βλέπετε ἐγγίζουσαν τὴν ἡμέραν', '1', '', 'Here, **the day** refers to when Jesus will return. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '25', 'k9c7', 'figs-metaphor', 'ὅσῳ βλέπετε ἐγγίζουσαν τὴν ἡμέραν', '1', 'as you see the day coming closer', 'A future time is spoken of as if it were an object coming closer to the speaker. Alternate translation: “as you know that Christ will return soon” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '26', 'gm7l', '', '', '0', 'Connecting Statement:', 'The writer now gives his fourth warning.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '26', 'byv6', '', 'ἑκουσίως…ἁμαρτανόντων ἡμῶν', '1', 'we deliberately go on sinning', 'Alternate translation: “if we know we are sinning but we do it again and again”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '26', 'hj5s', 'figs-metaphor', 'μετὰ τὸ λαβεῖν τὴν ἐπίγνωσιν τῆς ἀληθείας', '1', 'after we have received the knowledge of the truth', 'Here, **knowledge of the truth** is spoken of as if it were an object that could be given by one person to another. Alternate translation: “after we have learned the truth” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '26', 'b1r7', 'figs-explicit', 'τῆς ἀληθείας', '1', 'the truth', 'This refers to the **truth** about God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '26', 'l7sv', 'figs-explicit', 'οὐκέτι περὶ ἁμαρτιῶν ἀπολείπεται θυσία', '1', 'a sacrifice for sins no longer exists', 'No one is able to give a new **sacrifice** because Christ’s sacrifice is the only one that works. Alternate translation: “no one can offer a sacrifice for which God will forgive our sins” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '26', 'sil4', '', 'περὶ ἁμαρτιῶν…θυσία', '1', 'a sacrifice for sins', 'Here, **sacrifice for sins** stands for “an effective way to sacrifice animals to take away sins”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '27', 'fza4', 'figs-explicit', 'κρίσεως', '1', 'of judgment', 'Here, **judgment**, refers to when God will judge. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '27', 't6da', 'figs-metaphor', 'πυρὸς ζῆλος ἐσθίειν μέλλοντος τοὺς ὑπεναντίους', '1', 'a fury of fire that will consume God’s enemies', 'God’s fury is spoken of as if it were fire that would burn up his **enemies**. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '28', 'c1aj', 'figs-explicit', 'δυσὶν ἢ τρισὶν μάρτυσιν', '1', 'two or three witnesses', 'It is implied that this means “of at least two or three witness.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '29', 'gv5z', 'figs-exclamations', 'πόσῳ δοκεῖτε χείρονος, ἀξιωθήσεται τιμωρίας, ὁ τὸν Υἱὸν τοῦ Θεοῦ καταπατήσας, καὶ τὸ αἷμα τῆς διαθήκης κοινὸν ἡγησάμενος, ἐν ᾧ ἡγιάσθη, καὶ τὸ Πνεῦμα τῆς χάριτος ἐνυβρίσας!', '1', 'How much worse punishment do you think one deserves … grace?', 'The author is emphasizing the greatness of the punishment for those who reject Christ. Alternate translation: “This was severe punishment. But the punishment will be even greater for anyone who has trampled underfoot the Son of God, and has considered the blood of the covenant—by which he was sanctified—{as} profane, and has insulted the Spirit of grace!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclamations]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '29', 'jd69', 'figs-metaphor', 'τὸν Υἱὸν τοῦ Θεοῦ καταπατήσας', '1', 'has trampled underfoot the Son of God', 'Disregarding Christ and scorning him are spoken of as if someone had walked on him. Alternate translation: “has rejected the Son of God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '29', 'd2z9', 'guidelines-sonofgodprinciples', 'τὸν Υἱὸν τοῦ Θεοῦ', '1', 'the Son of God', '**Son of God** is an important title for Jesus. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '29', 'm7lw', '', 'τὸ αἷμα τῆς διαθήκης κοινὸν ἡγησάμενος', '1', 'who treated the blood of the covenant as unholy', 'This shows how the person has trampled the Son of God. Alternate translation: “treated the blood of the covenant … as unholy”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '29', 'el74', 'figs-metonymy', 'τὸ αἷμα τῆς διαθήκης', '1', 'the blood of the covenant', 'Here, **blood** stands for Christ’s death, by which God established the new **covenant**. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '29', 'wj2p', 'figs-activepassive', 'τὸ αἷμα τῆς διαθήκης κοινὸν…ἐν ᾧ ἡγιάσθη', '1', 'the blood by which he was sanctified', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “the blood by which God sanctified him as profane” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '29', 'qr6c', '', 'τὸ Πνεῦμα τῆς χάριτος', '1', 'the Spirit of grace', 'Alternate translation: “the Spirit of God, who provides grace”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '30', 'ynr1', 'figs-exclusive', 'οἴδαμεν', '1', 'General Information:', 'The word **we** here refers to the writer and all believers. These two quotations come from the law that Moses gave in the Old Testament. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '30', 'vub5', '', 'ἐμοὶ ἐκδίκησις; ἐγὼ ἀνταποδώσω…κρινεῖ Κύριος τὸν λαὸν αὐτοῦ', '1', '', 'These two quotations come from the law that Moses gave in the Old Testament.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '30', 'v8ad', 'figs-metaphor', 'ἐμοὶ ἐκδίκησις', '1', 'Vengeance belongs to me', '**Vengeance** is spoken of as if it were an object that belongs to God, who has the right to do as he wishes with what he owns. God has the right to take vengeance on his enemies. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '30', 'pdw9', 'figs-metaphor', 'ἐγὼ ἀνταποδώσω', '1', 'I will pay back', 'God taking vengeance is spoken of as if he were paying back the harmful things that someone has done to others. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '31', 'hhu7', 'figs-metaphor', 'τὸ ἐμπεσεῖν εἰς χεῖρας', '1', 'to fall into the hands', 'Receiving God’s full punishment is spoken of as if the person falls into God’s **hands**. Alternate translation: “to receive the full punishment” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '31', 'mr1p', 'figs-metonymy', 'τὸ ἐμπεσεῖν εἰς χεῖρας', '1', '', 'Here, **hands** refers to God’s power to judge. Alternate translation: “into the judgment” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '32', 'tlh3', '', 'τὰς πρότερον ἡμέρας', '1', 'the former days', 'Alternate translation: “the time in the past”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '32', 'p3q3', 'figs-metaphor', 'φωτισθέντες', '1', 'after you were enlightened', 'Learning the truth is spoken of as if God shined a light on the person. Alternate translation: “after you had learned the truth about Christ” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '32', 'ami9', 'figs-activepassive', 'φωτισθέντες', '1', '', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “after God had shown you the truth about Christ” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '33', 'cig1', 'figs-activepassive', 'ὀνειδισμοῖς τε καὶ θλίψεσιν θεατριζόμενοι', '1', 'You were exposed to public ridicule by insults and persecution', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “people ridiculed you both by insulting and by persecuting you in public” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '33', 'u1gk', '', 'κοινωνοὶ τῶν…γενηθέντες', '1', 'you were sharing with those', 'Alternate translation: “you joined those”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '34', 'cjr6', 'figs-metaphor', 'κρείσσονα ὕπαρξιν, καὶ μένουσαν', '1', 'a better and everlasting possession', 'God’s eternal blessings are spoken of as a **possession**. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '35', 'xh64', '', '', '0', 'General Information:', 'In 10:37 is a quotation from the prophet Isaiah in the Old Testament.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '35', 'm35c', 'figs-metaphor', 'μὴ ἀποβάλητε οὖν τὴν παρρησίαν ὑμῶν, ἥτις ἔχει μεγάλην μισθαποδοσίαν', '1', 'do not throw away your confidence, which has a great reward', 'A person no longer having **confidence** is spoken of as if the person were to **throw away** his confidence, like a person would discard something worthless. Alternate translation: “do not stop being confident, because you will receive a great reward for being confident” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '35', 'bksd', 'figs-abstractnouns', 'μὴ ἀποβάλητε οὖν τὴν παρρησίαν ὑμῶν, ἥτις ἔχει μεγάλην μισθαποδοσίαν', '1', '', 'You can translate the abstract noun **confidence** with the adjective “confident” or the adverb “confidently.” Alternate translation: “do not stop confidently trusting in God, who will reward you greatly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '37', 'st8v', 'figs-explicit', 'ἔτι γὰρ μικρὸν ὅσον, ὅσον', '1', 'For in a very little while', 'You can make explicit who is speaking. Alternate translation: “As God said in the scriptures, ‘For in a very little while” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '37', 'cna2', '', 'ἔτι…μικρὸν ὅσον, ὅσον', '1', 'in a very little while', 'Alternate translation: “very soon”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '38', 'j2ck', '', '', '0', 'General Information:', 'In 10:38 the author quotes from the prophet Habakkuk, which directly follows the quotation from the prophet Isaiah in 10:37.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '38', 'j6d1', 'figs-genericnoun', 'ὁ…δίκαιός μου…ἐὰν ὑποστείληται…ἐν αὐτῷ', '1', 'My righteous one … If he shrinks … with him', 'These refer to any of God’s people in general. Alternate translation: “my faithful people … If any one of them shrinks … with that person” or “my faithful people … If they shrink … with them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-genericnoun]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '38', 'r8mh', '', 'ὁ…ψυχή μου', '1', 'My righteous … I will', 'Here, both occurrences of **my** refer to God.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '39', 'i9zh', 'figs-metaphor', 'ὑποστολῆς εἰς ἀπώλειαν', '1', 'who turn back to destruction', 'A person who loses courage and faith are spoken of as if he were stepping back in fear from something. And **destruction** is spoken of as if it were a destination. Alternate translation: “who stop trusting God, which will cause him to destroy us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '39', 'dv8y', 'figs-metaphor', 'εἰς περιποίησιν ψυχῆς', '1', 'for keeping our soul', 'Living eternally with God is spoken of as if it were keeping one’s **soul**. Alternate translation: “so that his soul will live with God forever” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '10', '39', 'hm0m', 'figs-synecdoche', 'εἰς περιποίησιν ψυχῆς', '1', '', 'Here, **soul** refers to the whole person. Alternate translation: “so that he will live with God forever” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', 'intro', 'g4cc', '', '', '0', '', '# Hebrews 11 General Notes

## Structure

The writer begins this chapter by telling what faith is. Then he gives many examples of people who had faith and how they lived.

## Important concepts in this chapter

### Faith

In both the old and new covenants, God required faith. Some people with faith performed miracles and were very powerful. Other people with faith suffered greatly.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '1', 'a371', '', '', '0', 'Connecting Statement:', 'The author tells three things about faith in this brief introduction.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '1', 'd95i', '', 'δὲ', '1', 'Now', '**Now** is used here to mark a break in the main teaching. Here the author starts to explain the meaning of “faith.”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '1', 'dne9', '', 'ἔστιν…πίστις ἐλπιζομένων ὑπόστασις', '1', 'faith is being sure of the things hoped for', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “when we have faith, we are sure of the things we hope for” or “faith is what allows a person to confidently expect certain things”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '1', 'hiq2', '', 'ἐλπιζομένων', '1', 'hoped for', 'Here **things being hoped for** refers specifically to the sure promises of God, especially the certainty that all believers in Jesus will live with God forever in heaven.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '1', 'ybd8', 'figs-activepassive', 'πραγμάτων ἔλεγχος οὐ βλεπομένων', '1', 'certain of things that are not seen', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “proof of what we still have not seen” or “proof of what still have not happened” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '2', 'smr4', '', 'ἐν ταύτῃ γὰρ', '1', 'For because of this', 'Alternate translation: “Because they were certain about events that had not happened”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '2', 'kmq6', 'figs-activepassive', 'ἐμαρτυρήθησαν οἱ πρεσβύτεροι', '1', 'the ancestors were approved', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “God approved of our ancestors because they had faith” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '2', 'u66c', 'figs-explicit', 'οἱ πρεσβύτεροι', '1', 'the ancestors', 'The author is speaking to the Hebrews about their Hebrew ancestors. Alternate translation: “our ancestors” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '3', 'u5i9', 'figs-activepassive', 'κατηρτίσθαι τοὺς αἰῶνας ῥήματι Θεοῦ', '1', 'the universe was created by God’s command', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “that God created the universe by commanding it to exist” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '3', 'e7fs', '', 'τὸ μὴ ἐκ φαινομένων, τὸ βλεπόμενον γεγονέναι', '1', 'what is visible was not made out of things that were visible', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “God did not create what we see out of things that were visible”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '4', 'w5de', '', '', '0', 'Connecting Statement:', 'The writer then gives many examples (mostly from Old Testament writings) of people who lived by faith even though they did not receive what God had promised while they lived on the earth.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '4', 'r2m8', 'figs-activepassive', 'ἐμαρτυρήθη εἶναι δίκαιος', '1', 'he was attested to be righteous', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “God declared him to be righteous” or “God declared that Abel was righteous” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '4', 'g52j', 'figs-metaphor', 'ἔτι λαλεῖ', '1', 'Abel still speaks', 'Reading the scriptures and learning about Abel’s faith is spoken of as if Abel himself were still speaking. Alternate translation: “we still learn from what Abel did” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '5', 'r3yl', 'figs-activepassive', 'πίστει Ἑνὼχ μετετέθη, τοῦ μὴ ἰδεῖν θάνατον', '1', 'It was by faith that Enoch was taken up so that he did not see death', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “It was by faith that Enoch did not die because God took him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '5', 'ki2t', 'figs-metaphor', 'ἰδεῖν θάνατον', '1', 'see death', 'This speaks of **death** as if it were an object that people can see. It means to experience death. Alternate translation: “dying” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '5', 'kb5l', 'figs-activepassive', 'πρὸ…τῆς μεταθέσεως', '1', 'before he was taken up', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “before God took him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '5', 'jbx2', 'figs-activepassive', 'μεμαρτύρηται εὐηρεστηκέναι τῷ Θεῷ', '1', 'it was testified that he had pleased God', 'You can state this in active form. This could mean: (1) God said that Enoch had pleased him. (2) people said that Enoch pleased God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '6', 'hd94', '', 'χωρὶς δὲ πίστεως', '1', 'Now without faith', '**Now** does not mean “at this moment,” but is used to draw attention to the important point that follows.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '6', 'r9nb', 'figs-doublenegatives', 'χωρὶς…πίστεως, ἀδύνατον εὐαρεστῆσαι', '1', 'without faith it is impossible to please him', 'You can state this in positive form. Alternate translation: “a person can please God only if he has faith in God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '6', 'b438', 'figs-metaphor', 'τὸν προσερχόμενον τῷ Θεῷ', '1', 'that anyone coming to God', 'Wanting to worship God and belong to his people is spoken of as if the person is literally coming **to God**. Alternate translation: “that anyone who wants to belong to God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '6', 'xl5v', '', 'τοῖς ἐκζητοῦσιν…μισθαποδότης γίνεται', '1', 'he is a rewarder of those', 'Alternate translation: “he rewards those who seek”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '6', 'i8e9', 'figs-metaphor', 'τοῖς ἐκζητοῦσιν αὐτὸν', '1', 'those who seek him', 'People who learn about God and make an effort to obey him are spoken of as if they were seeking to find him. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '7', 'r67b', 'figs-activepassive', 'χρηματισθεὶς', '1', 'having been given a divine message', 'You can state this in active form and in other terms. Alternate translation: “because God told him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '7', 'p3pn', 'figs-activepassive', 'περὶ τῶν μηδέπω βλεπομένων', '1', 'about things not yet seen', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “about things no one had ever seen before” or “about events that had not happened yet” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '7', 'pf7b', 'figs-metonymy', 'τὸν κόσμον', '1', 'the world', 'Here, **world** refers to the world’s human population. Alternate translation: “the people living in the world at that time” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '7', 'c9yc', 'figs-metaphor', 'τῆς…δικαιοσύνης, ἐγένετο κληρονόμος', '1', 'became an heir of the righteousness', 'Noah is spoken of as if he were to inherit property and wealth from a family member. Alternate translation: “received from God the righteousness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '7', 'et9l', '', 'κατὰ πίστιν', '1', 'that is according to faith', 'Alternate translation: “that God gives to those who have faith in him”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '8', 'a7c2', 'figs-activepassive', 'καλούμενος', '1', 'when he was called', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “when God called him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '8', 'kkt5', '', 'ἐξελθεῖν εἰς τόπον', '1', 'went out to the place', 'Alternate translation: “to leave his home to go to the place”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '8', 'd1zf', 'figs-metaphor', 'ὃν ἤμελλεν λαμβάνειν εἰς κληρονομίαν', '1', 'that he was to receive as an inheritance', 'The land that God promised to give Abraham’s descendants is spoken of as if it were an inheritance that Abraham was to receive. Alternate translation: “that God would give him for an inheritance” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '8', 'sq21', '', 'ἐξῆλθεν', '1', 'He went out', 'Alternate translation: “he left his home”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '9', 'pmb6', 'figs-abstractnouns', 'παρῴκησεν εἰς γῆν τῆς ἐπαγγελίας ὡς ἀλλοτρίαν', '1', 'he lived in the land of promise as a foreigner', 'You can express the abstract noun **promise** with the verb “promised.” Alternate translation: “he lived as a foreigner in the land God had promised to him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '9', 's5fw', 'figs-metaphor', 'τῶν συνκληρονόμων', '1', 'fellow heirs', 'This speaks about Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob as if they were **heirs** that would receive an inheritance from their father. Alternate translation: “heirs together” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '10', 'f3z8', 'figs-metonymy', 'τὴν τοὺς θεμελίους ἔχουσαν πόλιν', '1', 'the city with foundations', 'Having **foundations** indicates that the city is permanent. Alternate translation: “the eternal city” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '10', 'fd98', '', 'ἧς τεχνίτης καὶ δημιουργὸς ὁ Θεός', '1', 'whose architect and builder is God', 'Alternate translation: “which God designed and built” or “which God would design and build”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '10', 'ufe6', '', 'τεχνίτης', '1', 'architect', 'An **architect** a person who designs buildings and cities.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '11', 'mk6i', '', 'πίστει καὶ αὐτῇ Σάρρᾳ δύναμιν εἰς καταβολὴν σπέρματος ἔλαβεν, καὶ παρὰ καιρὸν ἡλικίας, ἐπεὶ…ἡγήσατο', '1', 'It was by faith, even though Sarah herself was barren, that Abraham received ability to father a child. This happened even though he was too old, since he considered', 'The verbs **received** and **considered** could be either masculine or feminine. Some versions interpret this verse as referring to Abraham. “By faith Abraham, even though Sarah herself was beyond the time of full age, received power to bear children, since he considered”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '11', 'mtf2', 'figs-abstractnouns', 'πίστει', '1', 'It was by faith', 'You can express the abstract noun **faith** with the verb “believe.” This could mean: (1) this happened because of Abraham’s faith. Alternate translation: “It was because Abraham believed God” (2) this happened because of Sarah’s faith. Alternate translation: “It was because Sarah believed God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '11', 'dgu6', '', 'δύναμιν εἰς καταβολὴν σπέρματος ἔλαβεν', '1', 'received ability to father a child', 'Alternate translation: “received ability to become a father” or “received ability to have a child”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '11', 'wgp6', '', 'ἐπεὶ πιστὸν ἡγήσατο τὸν ἐπαγγειλάμενον', '1', 'since she considered as faithful the one who had given the promise', 'Alternate translation: “because he believed God, who had give the promise, to be faithful”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '12', 'x8b2', 'figs-simile', 'ἐγεννήθησαν…καθὼς τὰ ἄστρα τοῦ οὐρανοῦ τῷ πλήθει, καὶ ὡς ἡ ἄμμος, ἡ παρὰ τὸ χεῖλος τῆς θαλάσσης, ἡ ἀναρίθμητος', '1', 'descendants as many as the stars in the sky and as countless as sand by the seashore', 'This simile means Abraham had very many descendants. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '12', 'mu4e', '', 'ὡς ἡ ἄμμος, ἡ παρὰ τὸ χεῖλος τῆς θαλάσσης, ἡ ἀναρίθμητος', '1', 'as countless as sand by the seashore', 'This means that just as there are so many grains of **sand** on the seashore that no one can count them all, Abraham had so many descendants that no one can count them all.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '13', 'yin6', 'figs-metaphor', 'μὴ λαβόντες τὰς ἐπαγγελίας', '1', 'without receiving the promises', 'This speaks of **promises** as if they are objects that a person receives. Alternate translation: “without receiving what God had promised them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '13', 'g5ut', 'figs-metaphor', 'πόρρωθεν αὐτὰς ἰδόντες καὶ ἀσπασάμενοι', '1', 'after seeing and greeting them from far off', 'Future promised events are spoken of as if they were travelers arriving from far away. Alternate translation: “after learning what God will do in the future” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '13', 'n71b', '', 'ὁμολογήσαντες', '1', 'they admitted', 'Alternate translation: “they acknowledged” or “they accepted”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '13', 'q1nq', 'figs-doublet', 'ξένοι καὶ παρεπίδημοί εἰσιν ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς', '1', 'they were foreigners and exiles on earth', 'Here, **foreigners** and **exiles** mean basically the same thing. This emphasizes that this earth was not their true home. They were waiting for their true home that God would make for them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '14', 'xwa4', '', 'πατρίδα', '1', 'a homeland', 'Alternate translation: “a country for them to belong to”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '16', 'ea1a', '', 'ἐπουρανίου', '1', 'heavenly one', 'Alternate translation: “a heavenly country” or “a country in heaven”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '16', 'cvh1', 'figs-activepassive', 'οὐκ ἐπαισχύνεται αὐτοὺς ὁ Θεὸς, Θεὸς ἐπικαλεῖσθαι αὐτῶν', '1', 'God is not ashamed to be called their God', 'You can express this in active form. Alternate translation: “God is not ashamed that they call him their God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '16', 'zfir', 'figs-litotes', 'οὐκ ἐπαισχύνεται αὐτοὺς ὁ Θεὸς, Θεὸς ἐπικαλεῖσθαι αὐτῶν', '1', '', 'You can express this in positive form. Alternate translation: “God is proud to have them say that he is their God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '17', 'bk7a', 'figs-activepassive', 'πειραζόμενος', '1', 'when he was tested', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “when God tested him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '18', 'wy2j', 'figs-activepassive', 'πρὸς ὃν ἐλαλήθη', '1', 'to whom it had been said', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “God had said to him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '18', 'c23z', 'figs-metonymy', 'κληθήσεταί σοι σπέρμα', '1', 'your descendants will be named', 'Here, **named** means assigned or designated. Alternate translation: “your descendants will be designated” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '18', 'g294', 'figs-activepassive', 'κληθήσεταί σοι σπέρμα', '1', '', 'You can state this sentence in active form. Alternate translation: “I will designate your descendants” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '19', 'p43u', '', 'καὶ ἐκ νεκρῶν ἐγείρειν δυνατὸς ὁ Θεός', '1', 'God was able to raise up Isaac from the dead', 'Alternate translation: “God was able to cause Isaac to live again”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '19', 'sar1', '', 'ἐκ νεκρῶν ἐγείρειν', '1', 'to raise up … from the dead', 'Here, **to raise up** is to make alive again. The words **from the dead** speak of all dead people together in the underworld.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '19', 'aea3', '', 'ἐν παραβολῇ', '1', 'figuratively speaking', 'This means that what the author says next is not to be understood literally. God did not bring Isaac back from death literally. But because Abraham was about to sacrifice Isaac when God stopped him, it was as if God brought him back from the dead. Alternate translation: “in a manner of speaking”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '19', 'k7u3', '', 'ὅθεν', '1', 'from there', 'Alternate translation: “from the dead”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '19', 'g19x', '', 'αὐτὸν…ἐκομίσατο', '1', 'he received him back', 'Alternate translation: “Abraham received Isaac back”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '22', 'lkp6', 'figs-euphemism', 'τελευτῶν', '1', 'when his end was near', 'Here, **an end** is a polite way of referring to death. Alternate translation: “when he was about to die” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '22', 'hhs3', '', 'περὶ τῆς ἐξόδου τῶν υἱῶν Ἰσραὴλ ἐμνημόνευσεν', '1', 'spoke of the departure of the children of Israel from Egypt', 'Alternate translation: “spoke of when the children of Israel would leave Egypt”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '22', 't6i5', '', 'τῶν υἱῶν Ἰσραὴλ', '1', 'the sons of Israel', 'Alternate translation: “the Israelites” or “the descendants of Israel”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '22', 'nl1i', 'figs-explicit', 'περὶ τῶν ὀστέων αὐτοῦ ἐνετείλατο', '1', 'instructed them about his bones', 'Joseph died while in Egypt. He wanted his people to take **his bones** with them when they left Egypt so they could bury his bones in the land that God promised them. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '23', 'g2wx', 'figs-activepassive', 'Μωϋσῆς, γεννηθεὶς, ἐκρύβη τρίμηνον ὑπὸ τῶν πατέρων αὐτοῦ', '1', 'Moses, when he was born, was hidden for three months by his parents', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “Moses’ parents hid him for three months after he was born” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '24', 'h5wz', '', 'μέγας γενόμενος', '1', 'had grown up', 'Alternate translation: “having become an adult”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '24', 'mq2x', 'figs-activepassive', 'ἠρνήσατο λέγεσθαι', '1', 'refused to be called', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “refused to allow people to call him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '26', 'i9sc', 'figs-abstractnouns', 'τὸν ὀνειδισμὸν τοῦ Χριστοῦ', '1', 'the disgrace of following Christ', 'You can reword the abstract noun **reproach** with the verb “disrespect.” Alternate translation: “the experience of people disrespecting him because he did what Christ would want” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '26', 't588', 'figs-metaphor', 'ἀπέβλεπεν…εἰς τὴν μισθαποδοσίαν', '1', 'fixing his eyes on his reward', 'Fully concentrating on achieving a goal is spoken of as if a person were staring at an object and refusing to look away. Alternate translation: “doing what he knew would earn him a reward in heaven” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '27', 'rc43', 'figs-simile', 'τὸν…ἀόρατον ὡς ὁρῶν, ἐκαρτέρησεν', '2', 'he endured as if he were seeing the one who is invisible', 'Moses is spoken of as if he saw God, who is invisible. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '27', 'cc8w', '', 'τὸν…ἀόρατον', '2', 'the one who is invisible', 'Alternate translation: “the one no one can see”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '28', 'tz7k', '', 'πεποίηκεν τὸ Πάσχα καὶ τὴν πρόσχυσιν τοῦ αἵματος', '1', 'he kept the Passover and the sprinkling of the blood', 'This was the first **Passover**. Moses kept it by obeying God’s commands concerning the Passover and by commanding the people to obey them every year. Alternate translation: “he commanded the people to obey God’s commands concerning the Passover and to sprinkle blood on their doors” or “he established the Passover and the sprinkling of blood”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '28', 'bef7', 'figs-explicit', 'τὴν πρόσχυσιν τοῦ αἵματος', '1', 'the sprinkling of the blood', 'The **sprinkling of the blood** refers to God’s command to the Israelites to kill a lamb and spread its** blood** on the doorposts of every house where Israelites lived. This would prevent the destroyer from harming their firstborn sons. This was one of the Passover commands. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '28', 'bm2f', 'figs-metonymy', 'μὴ…θίγῃ', '1', 'should not touch', 'Here, **touch** refers to harming or to killing someone. Alternate translation: “would not harm” or “would not kill” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '29', 'a67h', '', 'διέβησαν τὴν Ἐρυθρὰν Θάλασσαν', '1', 'they passed through the Sea of Reeds', 'Alternate translation: “the Israelites passed through the Sea of Reeds”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '29', 'hq2y', 'figs-activepassive', 'κατεπόθησαν', '1', 'they were swallowed up', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “the water swallowed up the Egyptians” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '29', 'kmy8', 'figs-metaphor', 'κατεπόθησαν', '1', 'they were swallowed up', 'The Egyptians are spoken of as if an animal **swallowed** them as it would swallow water or food. Alternate translation: “the Egyptians drowned in the water” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '30', 'lnw4', 'figs-activepassive', 'κυκλωθέντα ἐπὶ ἑπτὰ ἡμέρας', '1', 'they had been circled around for seven days', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “the Israelites had marched around them for seven days” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '31', 'ftc8', '', 'δεξαμένη τοὺς κατασκόπους μετ’ εἰρήνης', '1', 'had received the spies in peace', 'Alternate translation: “who had peacefully received the spies”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '32', 'rh6y', 'figs-rquestion', 'τί ἔτι λέγω?', '1', 'What more can I say?', 'The author uses a question to emphasize that there are many examples that he could have quoted. This can be expressed as a statement. Alternate translation: “there are many more examples.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '32', 'bs7h', '', 'ἐπιλείψει…με…ὁ χρόνος', '1', 'the time will fail me', 'Alternate translation: “I will not have enough time”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '32', 'ni55', 'translate-names', 'Βαράκ', '1', 'Barak', '**Barak** is the name of a man. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '33', 'f3jx', '', 'οἳ διὰ πίστεως', '1', 'It was through faith', 'Here, **who** does not mean that each person listed in 11:32 did all the things the author is about to mention. The author means in general these are the kinds of things that those with faith were able to do. Alternate translation: “men like these through faith”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '33', 'v5w8', '', 'οἳ διὰ πίστεως κατηγωνίσαντο βασιλείας', '1', 'they conquered kingdoms', 'Here, **kingdoms** refers to the people who lived there. Alternate translation: “who through faith defeated the people of foreign kingdoms”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '33', 'u2su', 'figs-metonymy', 'ἔφραξαν στόματα λεόντων', '1', 'They stopped the mouths of lions', 'The **mouths of the lions** represents the entire lions. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '33', 'p6sr', 'figs-metaphor', 'ἔφραξαν στόματα λεόντων', '1', '', 'These words begin a list of some of the ways God saved believers from death. Preventing the lions from eating them is spoken of as stopping the mouths of the lions. Alternate translation: “kept lions from eating them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '34', 'u5hc', 'figs-metonymy', 'ἔσβεσαν δύναμιν πυρός', '1', '', 'The **power of fire** represents being burned to death by fire. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '34', 'j6sv', 'figs-metaphor', 'ἔσβεσαν δύναμιν πυρός', '1', 'extinguished the power of fire, escaped the edge of the sword', 'Preventing fire from burning them to death them is spoken of as extinguishing the **power of fire**. Alternate translation: “prevented fire from burning them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '34', 'ppf8', 'figs-metonymy', 'ἔφυγον στόματα μαχαίρης', '1', '', 'The **edge of the sword** represents the entire sword and its ability to kill. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '34', 'uqnf', 'figs-metaphor', 'ἔφυγον στόματα μαχαίρης', '1', '', 'Avoiding being killed by the sword is spoken of as escaping the **edge of the sword**. Alternate translation: “avoided being killed by the sword” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '34', 'iri4', 'figs-activepassive', 'ἐδυναμώθησαν ἀπὸ ἀσθενείας', '1', 'were healed of illnesses', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “received healing from God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '35', 't9sp', 'figs-abstractnouns', 'ἔλαβον γυναῖκες ἐξ ἀναστάσεως τοὺς νεκροὺς αὐτῶν', '1', 'Women received back their dead by resurrection', 'You can state the abstract noun “resurrection” with a verb. Alternate translation: “Women received their dead back alive” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '35', 'av6c', 'figs-nominaladj', 'ἔλαβον γυναῖκες ἐξ ἀναστάσεως τοὺς νεκροὺς αὐτῶν', '1', '', 'The word **dead** is a nominal adjective. You can state this as a verb. Alternate translation: “Women received back alive those who had died” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-nominaladj]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '35', 'ne1u', 'figs-explicit', 'ἄλλοι δὲ ἐτυμπανίσθησαν, οὐ προσδεξάμενοι τὴν ἀπολύτρωσιν', '1', 'Others were tortured, not accepting release', 'It is implied that their enemies would have released them from prison under certain conditions. Alternate translation: “but others were tortured rather than denying their faith in order to be released from prison” or “but others were tortured rather than doing what their enemies required of them in order to release them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '35', 'j37h', 'figs-activepassive', 'ἄλλοι δὲ ἐτυμπανίσθησαν, οὐ προσδεξάμενοι τὴν ἀπολύτρωσιν', '1', '', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “but others accepted torture rather than release from prison” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '35', 'jyw7', '', 'κρείττονος ἀναστάσεως', '1', 'a better resurrection', 'This could mean: (1) these people will experience a **better** life in heaven than what they experienced in this world. (2) these people will have a **better resurrection** than those who did not have faith. Those with faith will live forever with God. Those without faith will live forever separated from God.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '36', 'e9al', 'figs-activepassive', 'ἕτεροι…ἐμπαιγμῶν καὶ μαστίγων πεῖραν ἔλαβον', '1', 'Others had testing in mocking and whippings', 'You can state these in active form. Alternate translation: “people mocked and whipped others” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '36', 'nx7u', 'figs-abstractnouns', 'ἕτεροι…ἐμπαιγμῶν καὶ μαστίγων πεῖραν ἔλαβον, ἔτι δὲ δεσμῶν καὶ φυλακῆς', '1', 'Others had testing in mocking and whippings, and even chains and imprisonment', 'You can express the abstract nouns **mocking**, **whippings**, and **imprisonment** with verbs. Alternate translation: “God tested others by allowing their enemies to mock and whip them and even put them in chains and imprison them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '37', 'fg8c', 'figs-activepassive', 'ἐλιθάσθησαν, ἐπρίσθησαν, ἐπειράσθησαν, ἐν φόνῳ μαχαίρης ἀπέθανον', '1', 'They were stoned. They were sawn in two. They were killed with the sword', 'You can state these in active form. Alternate translation: “People threw stones at others and sawed others in two and killed others with the sword” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '37', 'r3gx', '', 'περιῆλθον', '1', 'went about', 'Alternate translation: “they went from place to place” or “they lived all the time”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '37', 'qf89', '', 'ἐν μηλωταῖς, ἐν αἰγίοις δέρμασιν', '1', 'in sheepskins and goatskins', 'Alternate translation: “wearing only the skins of sheep and goats”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '37', 'x2jf', '', 'ὑστερούμενοι', '1', 'destitute', 'Alternate translation: “having nothing” or “being very poor”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '38', 'a721', 'figs-metonymy', 'οὐκ ἦν ἄξιος ὁ κόσμος', '1', 'The world was not worthy', 'Here, **world** refers to the people. Alternate translation: “the people of this world were not worthy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '38', 'j9lp', '', 'πλανώμενοι', '1', 'They wandered about', 'They wandered about because they had no place to live.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '39', 'l5wd', 'figs-activepassive', 'οὗτοι πάντες μαρτυρηθέντες διὰ τῆς πίστεως, οὐκ ἐκομίσαντο τὴν ἐπαγγελίαν', '1', 'Although all these people were approved by God because of their faith, they did not receive the promise', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “God honored all these because of their faith, but they did not themselves receive what God had promised” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '39', 'vgw2', 'figs-metonymy', 'τὴν ἐπαγγελίαν', '1', 'the promise', 'Here, **the promise** stands for “what God had promised them.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '40', 'p9uu', 'figs-activepassive', 'ἵνα μὴ χωρὶς ἡμῶν τελειωθῶσιν', '1', 'so that without us, they would not be made perfect', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “in order that God not would perfect them without also perfecting us” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '11', '40', 'nkci', 'figs-doublenegatives', 'ἵνα μὴ χωρὶς ἡμῶν τελειωθῶσιν', '1', '', 'You can state this in positive form. Alternate translation: “in order that God would perfect both us and them together” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', 'intro', 'h1qb', '', '', '0', '', '# Hebrews 12 General Notes

## Structure and formatting

After telling of the value discipline, the author begins a series of exhortations. (See; [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/exhort]])

Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 12:5-6, which are words from the Old Testament.

## Special concepts in this chapter

### Discipline

God wants his people to do what is right. When they do what is wrong, he needs to correct or punish them. He does this just as earthly fathers correct and punish children whom they love. (See: [[rc://en/tw/dict/bible/kt/discipline]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '1', 'jg6w', 'figs-exclusive', 'ἡμεῖς…ἡμῖν…τρέχωμεν…ἡμῖν', '1', 'General Information:', 'The word **we** and each occurrence of **us** refers to the author and his readers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '1', 'k8mr', '', '', '0', 'Connecting Statement:', 'Because of this great number of Old Testament believers, the author talks of the life of faith that believers should live with Jesus as their example.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '1', 'f6u9', 'figs-metaphor', 'καὶ ἡμεῖς, τοσοῦτον ἔχοντες περικείμενον ἡμῖν νέφος μαρτύρων', '1', 'we are surrounded by such a large cloud of witnesses', 'The writer speaks about the Old Testament believers as if they were a **cloud** that surrounded the present-day believers. Alternate translation: “since there are so many examples of faithful people about whom we learn in the scriptures” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '1', 'hf97', '', 'μαρτύρων', '1', 'witnesses', 'Here, **witnesses** refers to the Old Testament believers in chapter 11 who lived faithful lives previously.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '1', 'yw1t', 'figs-metaphor', 'ὄγκον ἀποθέμενοι πάντα καὶ τὴν εὐπερίστατον ἁμαρτίαν', '1', 'let us lay aside every weight and easily entangling sin', 'Here, **weight** and **easily entangling sin** are spoken of as if a person could take them off himself and put them down. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '1', 'zln7', 'figs-metaphor', 'ὄγκον…πάντα', '1', 'every weight', 'Attitudes or habits that keep believers from trusting and obeying God are spoken of as if they were loads that would make it difficult for a person to carry while running. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '1', 't6wu', 'figs-metaphor', 'τὴν εὐπερίστατον ἁμαρτίαν', '1', 'easily entangling sin', 'Here, **sin** is spoken of as if it were a net or something else that can trip people up and make them fall. Alternate translation: “sin that makes obeying God difficult” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '1', 'g5dn', 'figs-metaphor', 'δι’ ὑπομονῆς, τρέχωμεν τὸν προκείμενον ἡμῖν ἀγῶνα', '1', 'Let us patiently run the race that is placed before us', 'Following Jesus is spoken of as if it were running a race. Alternate translation: “let us continue obeying what God has commanded us, just like a runner keeps going until the race is over” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '2', 'a946', '', 'τὸν τῆς πίστεως ἀρχηγὸν καὶ τελειωτὴν', '1', 'the founder and perfecter of the faith', 'Jesus gives us faith and makes our faith perfect by causing us to reach our goal. Alternate translation: “the creator and finisher of our faith” or “the one who enables us to have faith from beginning to end”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '2', 'za14', 'figs-metaphor', 'ἀντὶ τῆς προκειμένης αὐτῷ χαρᾶς', '1', 'For the joy that was placed before him', 'The **joy** that Jesus would experience is spoken of as if God the Father had **placed** it **before him** as a goal to reach. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '2', 'y7me', '', 'αἰσχύνης καταφρονήσας', '1', 'despised its shame', 'This means Jesus hated the **shame** of dying on a cross, even though he allowed that to happen.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '2', 'vm9b', 'translate-symaction', 'ἐν δεξιᾷ τε τοῦ θρόνου τοῦ Θεοῦ κεκάθικεν', '1', 'sat down at the right hand of the throne of God', 'To sit at the **right hand** of God is a symbolic action of receiving great honor and authority from God. See how you translated a similar phrase in [Hebrews 1:3](../01/03.md). Alternate translation: “sat down at the place of honor and authority beside the throne of God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-symaction]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '3', 'fsos', 'figs-exclusive', 'μὴ κάμητε, ταῖς ψυχαῖς ὑμῶν ἐκλυόμενοι', '1', '', 'The words **you** and **your** are plural and here refer to the readers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '3', 'i1xl', 'figs-metonymy', 'ταῖς ψυχαῖς ὑμῶν', '1', 'weary in your hearts', 'Here, **souls** represents a person’s thoughts and emotions. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '4', 'b9b7', 'figs-personification', 'οὔπω…ἀντικατέστητε, πρὸς τὴν ἁμαρτίαν ἀνταγωνιζόμενοι', '1', 'You have not yet resisted or struggled against sin', 'Here, **sin** is spoken of as if it were a person against whom someone fights in a battle. Alternate translation: “You have not yet bled from resisting the attacks of sinners” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '4', 'i4ip', 'figs-metaphor', 'μέχρις αἵματος', '1', 'to the point of blood', 'Resisting opposition so much that one dies for it is spoken of as if one reached a certain place where he would die. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '4', 'uwg6', 'figs-metonymy', 'αἵματος', '1', 'of blood', 'Here, **blood** refers to death. Alternate translation: “of death” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '5', 'y6cv', 'figs-personification', 'τῆς παρακλήσεως, ἥτις ὑμῖν…διαλέγεται', '1', 'the encouragement that instructs you', 'Old Testament scripture is spoken of as if it were a person who could encourage others. Alternate translation: “what God has instructed you in the scriptures to encourage you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '5', 'e6a9', 'figs-gendernotations', 'ὡς υἱοῖς…υἱέ μου', '1', 'as sons … My son', 'The word translated **sons** and **son** is specifically the word for a male child. In that culture the family line continued through the sons, not normally through the daughters. However, as stated by the UST and some English versions, the author is directing his words to both males and females. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '5', 'a7vf', '', 'υἱέ μου…ὑπ’ αὐτοῦ ἐλεγχόμενος', '1', 'My son … corrected by him', 'Here the author is quoting from the book of Proverbs in the Old Testament, which was the words of Solomon to his male children.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '5', 'cxe9', 'figs-litotes', 'μὴ ὀλιγώρει παιδείας Κυρίου, μηδὲ ἐκλύου', '1', 'do not think lightly of the Lord’s discipline, nor grow weary', 'You can state this in positive form. Alternate translation: “take it very seriously when the Lord disciplines you, and remain encouraged” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '5', 'i1a6', 'figs-activepassive', 'ὑπ’ αὐτοῦ ἐλεγχόμενος', '1', 'you are corrected by him', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “when he corrects you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '6', 'zu3c', '', 'πάντα υἱὸν ὃν παραδέχεται', '1', 'every son whom he receives', 'The word translated **son** is specifically the word for a male child. In that culture the family line continued through the sons, not normally through the daughters. (See: rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations)']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '7', 'v1gu', 'figs-simile', 'ὡς υἱοῖς ὑμῖν προσφέρεται ὁ Θεός', '1', 'God deals with you as with sons', 'This compares God disciplining his people to a father disciplining his **sons**. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-simile]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '7', 'upgq', 'figs-ellipsis', 'ὡς υἱοῖς ὑμῖν προσφέρεται ὁ Θεός', '1', '', 'You can state clearly the understood information. Alternate translation: “God deals with you the same way a father deals with his sons” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '7', 'i3k4', 'figs-gendernotations', 'υἱοῖς…υἱὸς', '1', 'sons … son', 'You can state **sons** and **son** to include males and females. Alternate translation: “to children … child is there” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '7', 'jb38', 'figs-rquestion', 'τίς γὰρ υἱὸς ὃν οὐ παιδεύει πατήρ?', '1', 'what son is there whom his father does not discipline?', 'The author makes the point through this question that every good father disciplines his children. This can be expressed as a statement. Alternate translation: “Every father disciplines his children!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '8', 'kwc6', 'figs-abstractnouns', 'εἰ δὲ χωρίς ἐστε παιδείας, ἧς μέτοχοι γεγόνασι πάντες', '1', 'But if you are without discipline, which all people share in', 'You can restate the abstract noun **discipline** with the verb “disciplining.” Alternate translation: “So if you have not experienced God disciplining you like he disciplines all his children” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '8', 's5u9', 'figs-metaphor', 'ἄρα νόθοι καὶ οὐχ υἱοί ἐστε', '1', 'then you are illegitimate and not his sons', 'Those whom God does not discipline are spoken of as if they are **sons** born to a man and a woman who are not married each other. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '9', 'r4lb', 'figs-rquestion', 'οὐ πολὺ…μᾶλλον ὑποταγησόμεθα τῷ Πατρὶ τῶν πνευμάτων, καὶ ζήσομεν?', '1', 'How much more should we submit to the Father of spirits and live!', 'The author uses an question to emphasize that we should obey God the Father. This can be expressed as a statement. Alternate translation: “even more so, we should obey the Father of spirits and live!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '9', 'cl95', 'figs-idiom', 'τῷ Πατρὶ τῶν πνευμάτων', '1', 'the Father of spirits', 'The idiom **Father of spirits** contrasts with **fathers of our flesh** earlier in this verse. Alternate translation: “our spiritual Father” or “our Father in heaven” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-idiom]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '9', 'pem8', '', 'καὶ ζήσομεν', '1', 'and live', 'Alternate translation: “so that we will live”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '10', 'l1a3', 'figs-metaphor', 'εἰς τὸ μεταλαβεῖν τῆς ἁγιότητος αὐτοῦ', '1', 'so that we can share in his holiness', 'This metaphor speaks of **holiness** as if it were an object that can be shared among people. Alternate translation: “so that we may become holy as God is holy” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '11', 'g13e', 'figs-metaphor', 'καρπὸν εἰρηνικὸν…ἀποδίδωσιν δικαιοσύνης', '1', 'it produces the peaceful fruit of righteousness', 'Here, **fruit** here is a metaphor for “result” or “outcome.” Alternate translation: “it produces the peaceful result of righteousness” or “it produces righteousness, which results in peace” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '11', 'xbg8', 'figs-personification', 'τοῖς δι’ αὐτῆς γεγυμνασμένοις', '1', 'who have been trained by it', 'The discipline or correction done by the Lord is spoken of as if it were the Lord himself. Alternate translation: “for those who have been trained by God” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '11', 'gaor', 'figs-activepassive', 'τοῖς δι’ αὐτῆς γεγυμνασμένοις', '1', '', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “whom God has trained by disciplining them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '12', 'cvp9', 'figs-metaphor', 'τὰς παρειμένας χεῖρας, καὶ τὰ παραλελυμένα γόνατα, ἀνορθώσατε', '1', 'strengthen your hands that hang down and your weak knees.', 'Possibly this continues the metaphor about the race in [Hebrews 12:1](../12/01.md). It is in this way that the author speaks about living as Christians and helping others. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '13', 'yi9n', 'figs-metaphor', 'τροχιὰς ὀρθὰς ποιεῖτε τοῖς ποσὶν ὑμῶν', '1', 'Make straight paths for your feet', 'Possibly this continues the metaphor about the race in [Hebrews 12:1](../12/01.md). It is in this way that the author speaks about living as Christians and helping others. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '13', 'qmq7', 'figs-metaphor', 'τροχιὰς ὀρθὰς', '1', 'straight paths', 'Living so as to honor and please God is spoken of as if it were a **straight** path to follow. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '13', 'i19d', 'figs-metaphor', 'μὴ τὸ χωλὸν ἐκτραπῇ', '1', 'what is lame will not be sprained', 'In this metaphor of running a race, **lame** represents another person in the race who is hurt and wants to quit. This, in turn, represent the Christians themselves. Alternate translation: “whoever is weak and wants to quit will not sprain his ankle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '13', 'euf9', 'figs-metaphor', 'μὴ…ἐκτραπῇ', '1', 'will not be sprained', 'Someone who stops obeying God is spoken of as if he injured his foot or ankle on a path. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '13', 'c8e5', 'figs-activepassive', 'μὴ…ἐκτραπῇ', '1', '', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “will not sprain his ankle” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '13', 'wq18', 'figs-activepassive', 'ἰαθῇ δὲ μᾶλλον', '1', 'rather be healed', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “but instead become strong” or “but instead God will heal him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '14', 'g22e', 'figs-metaphor', 'εἰρήνην διώκετε μετὰ πάντων', '1', '', 'Here, **peace** is spoken of as if it were something that a person must chase after. Alternate translation: “Seek to be at peace with everyone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '14', 'h45r', 'figs-abstractnouns', 'εἰρήνην διώκετε μετὰ πάντων', '1', 'Pursue peace with everyone', 'You can translate the abstract noun **peace** with an adverb. Alternate translation: “Try to live peacefully with everyone” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '14', 'pa9a', 'figs-doublenegatives', 'καὶ τὸν ἁγιασμόν, οὗ χωρὶς οὐδεὶς ὄψεται τὸν Κύριον', '1', 'also the holiness without which no one will see the Lord', 'This can be expressed as a positive encouragement. Alternate translation: “also work hard to be holy, because only holy people will see the Lord” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '14', 'v9z7', 'figs-ellipsis', 'καὶ τὸν ἁγιασμόν', '1', 'also the holiness', 'You can state clearly the understood information. Alternate translation: “also pursue the holiness” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-ellipsis]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '15', 'at8j', 'figs-doublenegatives', 'μή τις ὑστερῶν ἀπὸ τῆς χάριτος τοῦ Θεοῦ', '1', 'no one lacks God’s grace', 'You can state this in positive form. Alternate translation: “everyone receives enough of God’s grace” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '15', 'nh7g', 'figs-metaphor', 'μή τις ῥίζα πικρίας ἄνω φύουσα ἐνοχλῇ, καὶ δι’ αὐτῆς μιανθῶσιν πολλοί', '1', 'that no root of bitterness grows up to cause trouble, so that many do not become polluted by it', 'Hateful or resentful attitudes are spoken of as if they were a plant that is bitter to the taste. Alternate translation: “that no one becomes like a bitter root, which when it grows causes trouble and harms many people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '16', 'b6ef', '', '', '0', 'General Information:', '**Esau**, who was told about in the writings of Moses, was Isaac’s first son and Jacob’s brother.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '17', 'j6x8', 'figs-activepassive', 'ἀπεδοκιμάσθη', '1', 'he was rejected', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “his father, Isaac, refused to bless him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '17', 'd6he', 'figs-abstractnouns', 'μετανοίας γὰρ τόπον οὐχ εὗρεν', '1', 'because he found no opportunity for repentance', 'You can translate the abstract noun **repentance** with a verbal phrase. Alternate translation: “because it was not possible for him to repent” or “because it was not possible for him to change his decision” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '17', 'b7k3', '', 'καίπερ μετὰ δακρύων ἐκζητήσας αὐτήν', '1', 'even though he sought it with tears', 'Here, **he** refers to Esau.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '18', 'xti4', '', '', '0', 'Connecting Statement:', 'The author gives a contrast between what believers in Moses’ time had while living under the law and what present day believers have after coming to Jesus under the new covenant. He illustrates the experience of the Israelites by describing how God appeared to them at Mount Sinai.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '18', 'y1ed', '', 'οὐ…προσεληλύθατε', '1', 'General Information:', 'Here, **you** refers to the Hebrew believers to whom the author wrote.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '18', 'a43l', 'figs-explicit', 'οὐ γὰρ προσεληλύθατε, ψηλαφωμένῳ', '1', 'For you have not come to a mountain that can be touched', 'You can state the implicit information explicitly. Alternate translation: “For you have not come, as the people of Israel came, to a mountain that can be touched” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '18', 'w6j6', 'figs-activepassive', 'ψηλαφωμένῳ', '1', 'that can be touched', 'This means that believers in Christ have not come to a physical mountain like Mount Sinai that a person can touch. You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “that a person can touch” or “that people can perceive with their senses” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '19', 'x2qk', 'figs-metonymy', 'καὶ φωνῇ ῥημάτων, ἧς οἱ ἀκούσαντες παρῃτήσαντο, μὴ προστεθῆναι αὐτοῖς λόγον', '1', 'nor to a voice that speaks words whose hearers begged that not another word be spoken to them', 'Here, **voice** refers to someone speaking. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '19', 'a9uh', 'figs-activepassive', 'καὶ φωνῇ ῥημάτων, ἧς οἱ ἀκούσαντες παρῃτήσαντο, μὴ προστεθῆναι αὐτοῖς λόγον', '1', '', 'You can state the phrase **be added** in active form. Alternate translation: “or where God was speaking in such a way that those who heard him begged him not to speak another word to them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '20', 'p7qu', 'figs-activepassive', 'τὸ διαστελλόμενον', '1', 'what was commanded', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “what God commanded” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '20', 'x31x', 'figs-activepassive', 'λιθοβοληθήσεται', '1', 'it must be stoned', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “you must stone it” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '22', 'r9dz', 'figs-metaphor', 'Σιὼν Ὄρει', '1', 'Mount Zion', 'The writer speaks of **Mount Zion**, the location of the Temple in Jerusalem, as if it were heaven itself, the residence of God. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '22', 'k1kv', '', 'μυριάσιν ἀγγέλων', '1', 'tens of thousands of angels', 'Alternate translation: “an uncountable number of angels”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '23', 'j94e', 'figs-metaphor', 'πρωτοτόκων', '1', 'the firstborn', 'Here, **firstborn** is plural and speaks of believers in Christ as if they were firstborn sons. This emphasizes their special place and privilege as God’s people. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '23', 'km4a', 'figs-activepassive', 'ἀπογεγραμμένων ἐν οὐρανοῖς', '1', 'registered in heaven', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “whose names God has written in heaven” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '23', 'i7qb', 'figs-activepassive', 'τετελειωμένων', '1', 'who have been made perfect', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “whom God has made perfect” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '24', 'kq1v', '', 'διαθήκης νέας μεσίτῃ', '1', 'the mediator of a new covenant', 'This means **Jesus** caused the **new covenant** between God and humans to exist. See how you translated this phrase in [Hebrews 9:15](../09/15.md).']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '24', 'nz8l', 'figs-personification', 'αἵματι ῥαντισμοῦ, κρεῖττον λαλοῦντι παρὰ τὸν Ἂβελ', '1', 'the sprinkled blood that speaks better than Abel’s blood', 'The **blood** of Jesus and the blood of Abel are spoken of as if they were people calling out. Alternate translation: “the sprinkled blood of Jesus that says better things than the blood of Abel” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-personification]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '24', 'w9jj', '', 'τὸν Ἂβελ', '1', 'General Information:', 'Abel was the son of the first man and woman, Adam and Eve. Cain, also their son, murdered Abel.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '24', 'z7uq', 'figs-metonymy', 'αἵματι ῥαντισμοῦ', '1', 'blood', 'Here, **blood** stands for Jesus’ death, as Abel’s blood stands for his death. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '25', 'pnn5', 'figs-you', 'μὴ παραιτήσησθε', '1', 'General Information:', 'This quotation is from the prophet Haggai in the Old Testament. The word **you** continues to refer to believers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-you]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '25', 'eltr', 'figs-exclusive', 'ἡμεῖς', '1', '', 'The word **we** continues to refer to the writer and the readers who are believers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '25', 'c9cn', '', '', '0', 'Connecting Statement:', 'Having contrasted the Israelites’ experience at Mount Sinai with the believers’ experience after Christ died, the writer reminds believers that they have the same God who warns them today. This is the fifth main warning given to believers.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '25', 'nnk9', 'figs-doublenegatives', 'μὴ παραιτήσησθε τὸν λαλοῦντα', '1', 'you do not refuse the one who is speaking', 'You can state this in positive form. Alternate translation: “you pay attention to the one who is speaking” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublenegatives]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '25', 'gkn1', 'figs-explicit', 'εἰ…ἐκεῖνοι οὐκ ἐξέφυγον', '1', 'if they did not escape', 'You can state the implicit information explicitly. Alternate translation: “if the people of Israel did not escape judgment” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '25', 'fy9u', '', 'ἐπὶ γῆς…τὸν χρηματίζοντα', '1', 'the one who warned them on earth', 'This could refer to: (1) Moses, who warned them here on earth. (2) God, who warned them at Mount Sinai.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '25', 's5lj', 'figs-metaphor', 'ἡμεῖς οἱ τὸν ἀπ’ οὐρανῶν ἀποστρεφόμενοι', '1', 'if we turn away from the one who is warning', 'Rejecting God is spoken of as if a person were changing direction and **turning away from** him. Alternate translation: “if we reject the one who is warning” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '26', 'rf4e', '', 'οὗ ἡ φωνὴ τὴν γῆν ἐσάλευσεν τότε', '1', 'his voice shook the earth', 'Alternate translation: “when God spoke at that time, the sound of his voice caused the earth to shake”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '26', 'i1c8', '', 'ἐσάλευσεν…σείσω', '1', 'shook … shake', 'Translate **shook** and **shake** with words for what an earthquake does when it moves the ground. This refers back to [Hebrews 12:18-21](./18.md) and what happened when the people saw the mountain where Moses received the law from God.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '27', 'ylq9', '', '', '0', 'General Information:', 'Here the quotation from the prophet Haggai is repeated from the previous verse.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '27', 'z6ys', 'figs-abstractnouns', 'δηλοῖ τῶν σαλευομένων μετάθεσιν', '1', 'mean the removal of those things that can be shaken, that is, of the things', 'You can translate the abstract noun **removal** with the verbal phrase “take away.” Alternate translation: “to the taking away of the things that can be shaken” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-abstractnouns]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '27', 'dnpi', 'figs-activepassive', 'δηλοῖ τῶν σαλευομένων μετάθεσιν, ὡς πεποιημένων', '1', '', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “means that God will remove the things that he can shake, that is, the things that he created” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '27', 'l29r', '', 'τῶν σαλευομένων', '1', 'shaken', 'Translate **shaken** with the word for what an earthquake does when it moves the ground. This refers back to [Hebrews 12:18-21](./18.md) and what happened when the people saw the mountain where Moses received the law from God. See how you translated “shook” and “shake” in [Hebrews 12:26](../12/26.md).']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '27', 's3xt', 'figs-activepassive', 'πεποιημένων', '1', 'that have been created', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “of what God has created” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '27', 'ta84', 'figs-activepassive', 'τὰ μὴ σαλευόμενα', '1', 'the things that cannot be shaken', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “the things that do not shake” or “the things that cannot shake” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '28', 'm44c', 'grammar-connect-words-phrases', 'βασιλείαν ἀσάλευτον παραλαμβάνοντες', '1', 'receiving a kingdom', 'You can add the words **because we are** to make clear the logical connection between this statement and the next statement. Alternate translation: “because we are receiving an unshakeable kingdom” or “because God is making us members of his kingdom which cannot be shaken” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/grammar-connect-words-phrases]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '28', 'btf6', '', 'ἔχωμεν χάριν', '1', 'let us be grateful', 'Alternate translation: “let us give thanks”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '28', 'f382', 'figs-doublet', 'μετὰ εὐλαβείας καὶ δέους', '1', 'with reverence and awe', 'The words **reverence** and **awe** share similar meanings and emphasize the greatness of reverence due to God. Alternate translation: “with great respect and dread” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-doublet]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '12', '29', 'f899', 'figs-metaphor', 'ὁ Θεὸς ἡμῶν πῦρ καταναλίσκον', '1', 'our God is a consuming fire', '**God** is spoken of here as if he were a **fire** that can burn up anything. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '13', 'intro', 'c8gg', '', '', '0', '', '# Hebrews 13 General Notes

## Structure and formatting

The author finishes the list of exhortations he began in chapter 12. Then he asks the readers to pray for him and ends the letter.

Some translations set each line of poetry farther to the right than the rest of the text to make it easier to read. The ULT does this with the poetry in 13:6, which are words from the Old Testament.

## Special concepts in this chapter

### Hospitality

God wants his people to invite other people to come to their homes to eat food and even to sleep. His people should do this even if they do not know well the people they are inviting. In the Old Testament, Abraham and his nephew Lot both showed hospitality to people they did not know. Abraham served a costly meal to them, and then Lot invited them to sleep in his house. They learned later that those people were actually angels.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '13', '1', 'sf1n', '', '', '0', 'Connecting Statement:', 'In this closing section, the author gives specific instructions to believers on how they are supposed to live.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '13', '1', 'g819', '', 'ἡ φιλαδελφία μενέτω', '1', 'Let brotherly love continue', 'Alternate translation: “Continue to show your love for other believers as you would for members of your family”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '13', '2', 'rh7r', 'figs-litotes', 'μὴ ἐπιλανθάνεσθε', '1', 'Do not forget', 'You can state this in positive form. Alternate translation: “Be sure to remember” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '13', '2', 'y7cd', '', 'φιλοξενίας', '1', 'hospitality', 'Alternate translation: “to welcome and show kindness to strangers”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '13', '3', 'mx5r', 'figs-activepassive', 'ὡς συνδεδεμένοι', '1', 'as if you were bound with them', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “as if someone tied you to them” or “as if you were in prison with them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '13', '3', 'd3ze', 'figs-activepassive', 'τῶν κακουχουμένων', '1', 'who are mistreated', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “and those whom others are mistreating” or “and those who are suffering” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '13', '3', 'g4ap', 'figs-activepassive', 'ὡς καὶ αὐτοὶ ὄντες ἐν σώματι', '1', 'as if you also were them in the body', 'This phrase encourages believers to think about other people’s suffering as they would think about their own suffering. Alternate translation: “as if you were the one suffering” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '13', '4', 'ix27', 'figs-activepassive', 'τίμιος ὁ γάμος ἐν πᾶσιν', '1', 'Let marriage be respected by everyone', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “Everyone should consider that marriage is a good and honorable thing” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '13', '4', 'ix79', 'figs-euphemism', 'ἡ κοίτη ἀμίαντος', '1', 'Let the marriage bed be pure', 'Here, **the marriage bed** is a polite way to refer to the act of sexual union of a married couple. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-euphemism]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '13', '4', 'aokv', 'figs-metonymy', 'ἡ κοίτη ἀμίαντος', '1', '', 'This refers to the act of sexual union as if it were only the bed of a married couple. Alternate translation: “let husbands and wives honor their marriage relationship to one another and not sleep with other people” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '13', '5', 'sz35', 'figs-metonymy', 'ἀφιλάργυρος ὁ τρόπος', '1', 'Let your conduct be free from the love of money', 'Here, **conduct** refers to a person’s character or the way he lives, and **free from the love of money** refers to not greatly desiring to have more money. A person who loves money is not content with the amount of money he has. Alternate translation: “Let your conduct not be affected by the love of money” or “Do not greatly wish to have more money” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '13', '6', 'c8w6', 'figs-explicit', 'Κύριος ἐμοὶ βοηθός, καὶ οὐ φοβηθήσομαι; τί ποιήσει μοι ἄνθρωπος?', '1', 'The Lord is my helper … do to me', 'This is a quotation from the book of Psalms in the Old Testament. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-explicit]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '13', '6', 'q8ie', 'figs-rquestion', 'τί ποιήσει μοι ἄνθρωπος?', '1', 'I will not be afraid. What can a man do to me?', 'The author uses a question to emphasize that he does not fear people because God is helping him. Alternate translation: “I will not fear what a man can do to me!” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-rquestion]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '13', '6', 'bt0z', 'figs-gendernotations', 'τί ποιήσει μοι ἄνθρωπος?', '1', '', 'Here, **man** means any person in general. Alternate translation: “What can another person do to me?” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '13', '7', 'ym9m', '', 'τὴν ἔκβασιν τῆς ἀναστροφῆς', '1', 'the result of their conduct', 'Alternate translation: “the outcome of the way they behave”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '13', '7', 'tvu6', 'figs-metonymy', 'μιμεῖσθε τὴν πίστιν', '1', 'Imitate their faith', 'Here the trust in God and the way of life led by these leaders are spoken of as **their faith**. Alternate translation: “trust and obey God in the same way they do” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '13', '8', 'dv5g', 'figs-metonymy', 'ἐχθὲς καὶ σήμερον, ὁ αὐτός, καὶ εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας', '1', 'is the same yesterday, today, and forever', 'Here, **yesterday** means all times in the past. Alternate translation: “is the same in the past, the present, and in the future forever” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '13', '9', 'y92c', '', '', '0', 'General Information:', 'This section refers to animal sacrifices made by believers in God in Old Testament times, which covered their sins temporarily until the death of Christ came about.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '13', '9', 'dp5w', 'figs-metaphor', 'διδαχαῖς ποικίλαις καὶ ξέναις, μὴ παραφέρεσθε', '1', 'Do not be carried away by various strange teachings', 'Being persuaded by **various and strange teachings** is spoken of as if a person were being carried away by a force. You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “Do not be persuaded by various and strange teachings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '13', '9', 'nbb3', 'figs-activepassive', 'διδαχαῖς ποικίλαις καὶ ξέναις, μὴ παραφέρεσθε', '1', '', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “Do not let others persuade you to believe their various strange teachings” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '13', '9', 'fe6i', '', 'διδαχαῖς ποικίλαις καὶ ξέναις', '1', 'various strange teachings', 'Alternate translation: “by many, different teachings that are not the good news we told you”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '13', '9', 'tmt1', 'figs-activepassive', 'καλὸν…χάριτι βεβαιοῦσθαι τὴν καρδίαν, οὐ βρώμασιν, ἐν οἷς οὐκ ὠφελήθησαν οἱ περιπατοῦντες', '1', 'it is good that the heart should be strengthened by grace, not by foods that do not help those who walk by them', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “we become stronger when we think of how God has been kind to us, but we do not become stronger by obeying rules about food” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '13', '9', 't28u', 'figs-metonymy', 'βεβαιοῦσθαι τὴν καρδίαν', '1', 'the heart should be strengthened', 'Here, **heart** is a metonym for the “inner being.” Alternate translation: “we should be strengthened inwardly” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '13', '9', 'ar93', 'figs-metonymy', 'βρώμασιν', '1', 'foods', 'Here, **foods** stands for rules about food. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '13', '9', 'kf3b', 'figs-metaphor', 'οἱ περιπατοῦντες', '1', 'those who walk by them', 'Living is spoken of as if it were walking. Alternate translation: “those who live by them” or “those who regulate their lives by them” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '13', '10', 'jjy3', 'figs-metonymy', 'ἔχομεν θυσιαστήριον', '1', 'We have an altar', 'Here, **altar** stands for “place of worship.” It also stands for the animals that the priests in the old covenant sacrificed, from which they took meat for themselves and their families. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '13', '11', 'luf7', 'figs-activepassive', 'ὧν…εἰσφέρεται ζῴων τὸ αἷμα περὶ ἁμαρτίας εἰς τὰ ἅγια διὰ τοῦ ἀρχιερέως', '1', 'the blood of the animals killed for sins is brought by the high priest into the holy place', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “the high priest brings into the holy place the blood of the animals that the priests killed for sins” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '13', '11', 'iv19', 'figs-activepassive', 'τούτων τὰ σώματα κατακαίεται', '1', 'while their bodies are burned', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “while the priests burn the animals’ bodies” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '13', '11', 'f7nb', '', 'ἔξω τῆς παρεμβολῆς', '1', 'outside the camp', 'Alternate translation: “away from where the people lived”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '13', '12', 'x48h', '', '', '0', 'Connecting Statement:', 'There is a comparison here between Jesus’ sacrifice and the tabernacle sacrifices of the Old Testament.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '13', '12', 'fw9g', '', 'διὸ', '1', 'So', 'Alternate translation: “In the same way” or “Because the bodies of the sacrifices were burned outside the camp” ([Hebrews 13:11](../13/11.md))']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '13', '12', 'eq6t', 'figs-metonymy', 'ἔξω τῆς πύλης', '1', 'outside the city gate', 'Here, **outside the gate** stands for “outside the city.” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '13', '13', 'zf8v', 'figs-metaphor', 'τοίνυν ἐξερχώμεθα πρὸς αὐτὸν ἔξω τῆς παρεμβολῆς', '1', 'Let us therefore go to him outside the camp', 'Obeying Jesus is spoken of as if a person were leaving **the camp** to go out where Jesus is. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '13', '13', 'h3j4', 'figs-metaphor', 'τὸν ὀνειδισμὸν αὐτοῦ φέροντες', '1', 'bearing his shame', 'Here, **reproach** is spoken of as if it were an object that had to be carried in one’s hands or on one’s back. Alternate translation: “while allowing others to insult us just like people insulted him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '13', '14', 'u2wn', '', 'ἐπιζητοῦμεν', '1', 'looking for', 'Alternate translation: “we are waiting for”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '13', '15', 'zfy9', 'figs-metaphor', 'θυσίαν αἰνέσεως', '1', 'a sacrifice of praise', 'Here, **praise** is spoken of as if it were a **sacrifice** of animals or incense. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '13', '15', 'b4p1', 'figs-metaphor', 'αἰνέσεως διὰ παντὸς τῷ Θεῷ, τοῦτ’ ἔστιν καρπὸν χειλέων ὁμολογούντων τῷ ὀνόματι αὐτοῦ', '1', 'praise that is the fruit of lips that acknowledge his name', 'Here, **praise** is spoken of as if it were **fruit** produced by the **lips** of people. Alternate translation: “praise to God in every situation that is produced by the lips of those who acknowledge his name” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '13', '15', 'zr2d', 'figs-synecdoche', 'χειλέων ὁμολογούντων τῷ ὀνόματι αὐτοῦ', '1', 'lips that acknowledge his name', 'Here, **lips** represents people who speak. Alternate translation: “the lips of those who acknowledge his name” or “those who acknowledge his name” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-synecdoche]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '13', '15', 'v52x', 'figs-metonymy', 'τῷ ὀνόματι αὐτοῦ', '1', 'his name', 'A person’s **name** represents that person. Alternate translation: “him” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '13', '16', 'ma8c', 'figs-litotes', 'τῆς…εὐποιΐας καὶ κοινωνίας μὴ ἐπιλανθάνεσθε', '1', 'Let us not forget doing good and helping one another', 'You can state this in positive form. Alternate translation: “let us always remember to do good and to help others” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-litotes]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '13', '16', 'kp76', 'figs-metaphor', 'τοιαύταις…θυσίαις', '1', 'with such sacrifices', 'Doing good and helping others is spoken of as if they were **sacrifices** on an altar. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '13', '17', 'n5e8', 'figs-metaphor', 'ἀγρυπνοῦσιν ὑπὲρ τῶν ψυχῶν ὑμῶν', '1', 'keep watch over your souls', 'The believers’ **souls**, that is, the believers’ spiritual well-being, are spoken of as if they were objects or animals that guards could **keep watch over**. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '13', '17', 'z2yp', 'figs-metonymy', 'μὴ στενάζοντες', '1', 'not with groaning', 'Here, **groaning** stands for sadness or grief. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '13', '18', 'd5hf', '', '', '0', 'Connecting Statement:', 'The author closes with a blessing and greetings.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '13', '18', 'xmh1', 'figs-exclusive', 'προσεύχεσθε περὶ ἡμῶν', '1', 'Pray for us', 'Here, **us** refers to the author and his companions, but not to the readers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '13', '18', 'n6gb', 'figs-metaphor', 'πειθόμεθα…ὅτι καλὴν συνείδησιν ἔχομεν', '1', 'we are persuaded that we have a clean conscience', 'Here, **good** stands for being free from guilt. Alternate translation: “we are certain that we have no guilt” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '13', '19', 'cg4l', 'figs-activepassive', 'ἵνα τάχειον ἀποκατασταθῶ ὑμῖν', '1', 'that I will be returned to you sooner', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “that God will quickly remove the things that stop my coming to you” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '13', '20', 'n66e', '', 'δὲ', '1', 'Now', '**Now** marks a new section of the letter. Here the author praises God and gives a final prayer for his readers.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '13', '20', 'd8yq', '', 'ὁ ἀναγαγὼν ἐκ νεκρῶν τὸν Ποιμένα τῶν προβάτων τὸν μέγαν…τὸν Κύριον ἡμῶν, Ἰησοῦν', '1', 'brought back from the dead the great shepherd of the sheep, our Lord Jesus', 'Alternate translation: “raised the great shepherd of the sheep, our Lord Jesus, to life”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '13', '20', 'k6n6', '', 'ἐκ νεκρῶν', '1', 'from the dead', 'Here, **the dead** describes all dead people together in the underworld. To bring someone up from among them speaks of causing that person to become alive again.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '13', '20', 'gn9w', 'figs-metaphor', 'τὸν Ποιμένα τῶν προβάτων τὸν μέγαν', '1', 'the great shepherd of the sheep', 'Christ in his role of leader and protector of those who believe in him is spoken of as if he were a **shepherd** of **sheep**. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metaphor]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '13', '20', 'qxb8', 'figs-metonymy', 'ἐν αἵματι διαθήκης αἰωνίου', '1', 'by the blood of the eternal covenant', 'Here, **blood** stands for the death of Jesus, which is the basis for the **covenant** that will last forever between God and all believers in Christ. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '13', '21', 'qj79', '', 'καταρτίσαι ὑμᾶς ἐν παντὶ ἀγαθῷ, εἰς τὸ ποιῆσαι τὸ θέλημα αὐτοῦ', '1', 'equip you with everything good to do his will', 'Alternate translation: “may he give you every good thing you need in order to do his will” or “may he make you capable of doing every good thing according to his will”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '13', '21', 'r3mi', 'figs-exclusive', 'ποιῶν ἐν ἡμῖν', '1', 'working in us', 'The word **us** refers to the author and the readers. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-exclusive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '13', '21', 'u6iq', '', 'ᾧ ἡ δόξα εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων', '1', 'to whom be the glory forever', 'Alternate translation: “whom all people will praise forever”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '13', '22', 'wa9r', '', 'δὲ', '1', 'Now', '**Now** marks a new section of the letter. Here the author gives his final comments to his audience.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '13', '22', 'b27j', 'figs-gendernotations', 'ἀδελφοί', '1', 'brothers', 'Here, **brothers** refers to all the believers to whom the author is writing, whether male or female. Alternate translation: “fellow believers” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-gendernotations]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '13', '22', 'd5e6', '', 'ἀνέχεσθε τοῦ λόγου τῆς παρακλήσεως', '1', 'bear with the word of encouragement', 'Alternate translation: “patiently consider what I have just written to encourage you”']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '13', '22', 'l8b3', 'figs-metonymy', 'τοῦ λόγου τῆς παρακλήσεως', '1', 'the word of encouragement', 'Here, **word** stands for a message. Alternate translation: “the encouraging message” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-metonymy]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '13', '23', 'w3m2', 'figs-activepassive', 'ἀπολελυμένον', '1', 'has been set free', 'You can state this in active form. Alternate translation: “is no longer in prison” (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/figs-activepassive]])']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '13', '24', 'r7kn', '', 'ἀσπάζονται ὑμᾶς οἱ ἀπὸ τῆς Ἰταλίας', '1', 'Those from Italy greet you', 'This could mean: (1) the author is not in **Italy**, but there is a group of believers with him who have come from Italy. (2) the author is in **Italy** while writing this letter.']

BAD SOURCE LINE NOT CONVERTED: ['HEB', '13', '24', 'kk9c', 'translate-names', 'τῆς Ἰταλίας', '1', 'Italy', '**Italy** is the name of a region at that time. At that time, Rome was the capital city of Italy. (See: [[rc://en/ta/man/translate/translate-names]])']