1 Timothy
1 Timothy front
1 Timothy front:intro
Introduction to 1 Timothy
Part 1: General Introduction
Outline of the Book of 1 Timothy
- Greetings (1:1,2)
- Paul and Timothy
- Warning about false teachers (1:3-11)
- Paul thankful for what Christ has done in his ministry (1:12-17)
- He calls Timothy to fight in this spiritual battle (1:18-20)
- Prayer for all (2:1-8)
- Roles and responsibilities in the church (2:9-6:2)
- Warnings
- Second warning about false teachers (6:3-5)
- Money (6:6-10)
- Description of a man of God (6:11-16)
- Note to the wealthy people (6:17-19)
- Closing words to Timothy (6:20,21)
Who wrote the Book of 1 Timothy?
Paul wrote 1 Timothy. Paul was from the city of Tarsus. He had been known as Saul in his early life. Before becoming a Christian, Paul was a Pharisee. He persecuted Christians. After he became a Christian, he traveled several times throughout the Roman Empire telling people about Jesus.
This book is the first letter Paul wrote to Timothy. Timothy was his disciple and close friend. Paul probably wrote it near the end of his life.
What is the Book of 1 Timothy about?
Paul had left Timothy in the city of Ephesus to help the believers there. Paul wrote this letter to instruct Timothy about various matters. The topics he addressed included church worship, qualifications for church leaders, and warnings against false teachers. This letter shows how Paul was training Timothy to be a leader among the churches.
How should the title of this book be translated?
Translators may choose to call this book by its traditional title, "1 Timothy" or "First Timothy." Or they may choose a clearer title, such as "Paul's First Letter to Timothy." (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])
Part 2: Important Religious and Cultural Concepts
What is discipleship?
Discipleship is the process of encouraging people to live the way Jesus wants them to live, to be more like Christ. This letter gives many instructions about how a leader should train a less mature Christian. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/disciple.md]])
Part 3: Important Translation Issues
# Singular and plural "you"
In this book, the word "I" refers to Paul. Also, the word "you" is almost always singular and refers to Timothy. The exception to this is 6:21. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-exclusive/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-you/01.md]])
What did Paul mean by the expressions "in Christ," "in the Lord," etc.?
Paul meant to express the idea of a very close union with Christ and the believers. Please see the introduction to the Book of Romans for more details about this kind of expression.
What are the major textual issues in the text of the Book of 1 Timothy?
For the following verse, modern versions of the Bible differ from older versions. The ULB text has the modern reading and puts the older reading in a footnote. If a translation of the Bible exists in the general region, translators should consider using the reading found in those versions. If not, translators are advised to follow the modern reading.
- "godliness is a way to get more money." Some older versions of the Bible read this way, "godliness is a way to get more money: withdraw from such things." (6:5)
(See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-textvariants/01.md]])
1 Timothy 1
1 Timothy 1:intro-0
1 Timothy 01 General Notes
Structure and formatting
Paul formally introduces this letter in verses 1-2. Writers often began letters in this way in the ancient Near East.
Special concepts in this chapter
# Spiritual children
In this chapter, Paul calls Timothy a "son" and his "child." Paul discipled Timothy as a Christian and a church leader. Paul may also have led him to believe in Christ. Therefore, Paul called Timothy his "son in the faith." (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/disciple.md]], [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/faith.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/spirit.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])
# Genealogies
Genealogies are lists that record a person's ancestors or descendants. Jews used genealogies to choose the right man to become king. They did this because only a son of a king could normally become king. They also showed from what tribe and family they came. For example, priests came from the tribe of Levi and the family of Aaron. Most important people had records of their genealogies.
Important figures of speech in this chapter
# Play on words
The phrase "the law is good if one uses it lawfully" (1 Timothy 1:8) is a play on words. The English words "law" and "lawfully" come from the same root, and they translate words that come from the same root in the original language, so it would be well to translate the clause so as to preserve this word play.
Links:
| >>
1 Timothy 1:1
General Information:
In this book, unless otherwise noted, the word "our" refers to Paul and Timothy (the one to whom this letter is written), as well as to all believers. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-exclusive/01.md]])
Paul, an apostle
"I, Paul, wrote this letter. I am an apostle." Your language may have a particular way of introducing the author of a letter. Immediately after introducing the writer, you may want to indicate to whom the letter was written, as in the UDB.
according to the commandment of
"by the command of" or "by the authority of"
God our Savior
"God who saves us"
Christ Jesus our hope
Here "our hope" refers to the person in whom we have confidence. Alternate translation: "Christ Jesus, who is the one in whom we have confidence" or "Christ Jesus, whom we trust"
1 Timothy 1:2
true son in the faith
Paul speaks of his close relationship to Timothy as though they were father and son. This shows Paul's sincere love and approval of Timothy. It is also likely that Timothy was converted to Christ by Paul, and so this is why Paul considers him like his own child. Alternate translation: "who is truly like a son to me" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])
Grace, mercy, and peace
"May grace, mercy, and peace be yours," or "May you experience kindness, mercy, and peace"
God the Father and
"God, who is our Father, and." Here "Father" is an important title for God. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/guidelines-sonofgodprinciples/01.md]])
Christ Jesus our Lord
"Christ Jesus, who is our Lord"
1 Timothy 1:3
General Information:
The word "you" in this letter is singular and refers to Timothy. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-you/01.md]])
Connecting Statement:
Paul encourages Timothy to reject the wrong use of the law and instead to use good teaching from God.
As I urged you
"As I pleaded with you" or "As I asked you very strongly"
remain in Ephesus
"wait for me there in the city of Ephesus"
a different doctrine
The implied information can be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: "a different doctrine from what we teach" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])
1 Timothy 1:4
Neither should they pay attention
"And I also want you to command them not to pay attention"
to stories
These may have been stories about their ancestors.
endless genealogies
With the word "endless" Paul uses exaggeration to emphasize that the genealogies are very long. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-hyperbole/01.md]])
genealogies
the written or verbal record of a person's parents and ancestors
These cause arguments
"These make people angrily disagree." The people debated about stories and genealogies about which no one could know the truth for certain.
rather than helping the stewardship of God, which is by faith
Possible meanings are 1) "rather than helping us to understand God's plan to save us, which we learn by faith" or 2) "rather than helping us to do God's work, which we do by faith."
1 Timothy 1:5
Now
This word is used here to mark a break in the main teaching. Here Paul explains the purpose of what he is commanding Timothy.
the commandment
Here this does not mean the Old Testament or the Ten Commandments but rather the instructions that Paul gives in 1 Timothy 1:3 and 1 Timothy 1:4.
is love
Possible meanings are 1) "is to love God" or 2) "is to love people."
from a pure heart
Here "pure" means the person does not have hidden motives to do wrong. Here "heart" refers to a person's mind and thoughts. Alternate translation: "from a mind that is honest" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])
good conscience
"a conscience that chooses right instead wrong"
sincere faith
"genuine faith" or "a faith without hypocrisy"
1 Timothy 1:6
have gone astray from these things
Paul speaks of people who no longer try to "love from a pure heart, from a good conscience, and from a sincere faith" (1 Timothy 1:5) as if they were like children or animals who had gone away from where they should be. Alternate translation: "no longer try to do these things" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])
turned to foolish talk
"begun to believe foolish talk" and act as though it were true
1 Timothy 1:7
teachers of the law
Here "law" refers to the law of Moses.
but they do not understand
"even though they do not understand" or "and yet they do not understand"
what they so confidently affirm
"what they so confidently state is true"
1 Timothy 1:8
we know that the law is good
"we understand that the law is useful" or "we understand that the law is beneficial"
if one uses it lawfully
"if a person uses it correctly" or "if a person uses it the way God intended"
1 Timothy 1:9
We know this
"Because we realize this" or "We also know this"
that law is not set in place for a righteous man
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "that God did not set the law in place for the righteous man" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])
a righteous man
Here "man" includes both male and female. Alternate translation: "a righteous person" or "a good person" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-gendernotations/01.md]])
1 Timothy 1:10
sexually immoral people
This refers to anyone who sleeps with someone to whom they are not married.
homosexuality
"sexual activity with other members of the same sex." The Greek word specifies males, but it probably is intended here to includes females as well.
those who kidnap people for slaves
"those who kidnap people to sell as slaves" or "those who take people to sell as slaves"
for whatever else is opposed to sound teaching
"for those who do anything else that is against true Christian teaching"
1 Timothy 1:11
the glorious gospel of the blessed God
"the gospel about the glory that belongs to the blessed God" or "the gospel of the glorious and blessed God"
with which I have been entrusted
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "which God has given me and made me responsible for" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])
1 Timothy 1:12
he considered me faithful
"he considered me trustworthy" or "he regarded me as reliable"
he ordained me to service
"he assigned me to serve him" or "he appointed me as his servant"
1 Timothy 1:13
Connecting Statement:
Paul begins to tell how he acted in the past.
I was a blasphemer
"I was a person who spoke evil against Christ." Paul is referring to his character before he was a Christian.
a persecutor
"a person who persecuted those who believed in Christ"
a violent man
"a person who was cruel to other people" or "a person who believed I had the right to hurt others"
But I received mercy because I acted ignorantly in unbelief
"But because I did not believe in Jesus, and I did not know what I was doing, I received mercy from Jesus"
I received mercy
"Jesus showed me mercy" or "Jesus had mercy on me"
1 Timothy 1:14
the grace of our Lord overflowed
Paul speaks of God's grace as if it were a liquid that could fill a container and spill out of the top when the container is full. Alternate translation: "God showed me much grace" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])
overflowed with the faith and the love that is in Christ Jesus
This is the result of God showing much grace to Paul. Alternate translation: "overflowed, which caused me to trust in Christ Jesus and love him"
that is in Christ Jesus
This speaks about Jesus as if he were a container that holds a liquid. Here "in Christ Jesus" refers to having a relationship with Jesus. Alternate translation: "that Christ Jesus enables me to give to God because I am united to him" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])
1 Timothy 1:15
This message is reliable
"This statement is true"
worthy of all acceptance
"we should receive it without any doubt" or "deserves for us to accept it with full confidence"
1 Timothy 1:16
I was given mercy
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God showed me mercy" or "I obtained mercy from God" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])
so that in me, the foremost
"so that through me, the worst sinner"
1 Timothy 1:17
Now ... Amen
The word "Now" is used here to mark a break in the main teaching. Here Paul praises God.
the king of the ages
"the eternal king" or "the chief ruler forever"
Now to the king of the ages, the immortal, invisible, the only God, be honor and glory forever and ever
The abstract nouns "honor" and "glory" can be stated as verbs. Alternate translation: "Now may people forever honor and glorify the king of the ages, who is immortal, invisible, and the only God" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-abstractnouns/01.md]])
1 Timothy 1:18
Connecting Statement:
Paul begins to encourage Timothy to trust God.
I am placing this command before you
Paul speaks of his instructions as if he could physically put them in front of Timothy. Alternate translation: "I am entrusting you with this command" or "This is what I am commanding you" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])
my child
Paul speaks of his close relationship to Timothy as though Paul is the father and Timothy is the child. It is also likely that Timothy was converted to Christ by Paul, and so this is why Paul considered him like his own child. Alternate translation: "who is truly like my child" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])
in accordance with the prophecies previously made about you
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "in agreement with what other believers prophesied about you" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])
fight the good fight
Paul speaks about Timothy working for the Lord as if he were a soldier fighting a battle. Alternate translation: "continue to work hard for the Lord" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])
1 Timothy 1:19
a good conscience
"a conscience that chooses right instead wrong." See how you translated this in 1 Timothy 1:5.
some have shipwrecked their faith
Paul speaks of these people's faith as if it were a ship that could be wrecked at sea. He means that they have ruined their faith and no longer believe in Jesus. You should use this or a similar metaphor if it will be understood in the project language. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])
1 Timothy 1:20
Hymenaeus ... Alexander
These are names of men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-names/01.md]])
whom I have committed to Satan
Paul has cast the men out of the community, so Satan now has power over them and can harm them. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])
they may be taught
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God may teach them" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])
1 Timothy 2
1 Timothy 2:intro-0
1 Timothy 02 General Notes
Special concepts in this chapter
# Peace
Paul encourages Christians to pray for everyone. They should pray for rulers so that Christians can live peacefully, in a godly and dignified way.
# Women in the church
Scholars are divided over how to understand this passage in its historical and cultural context. Some scholars believe men and women are perfectly equal in all things. Other scholars believe God created men and women to serve in distinctly different roles in marriage and the church. Translators should be careful not to let how they understand this issue affect how they translate this passage.
Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter
# "Prayers, intercessions, and thanksgivings"
These terms overlap each other in what they mean. It is not necessary to view them as distinct categories.
Links:
1 Timothy 2:1
Connecting Statement:
Paul encourages Timothy to pray for all people.
first of all
"most importantly" or "before anything else"
I urge that requests, prayers, intercessions, and thanksgivings be made
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "I urge all believers to make requests, prayers, intercessions, and thanksgiving to God" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])
I urge
"I plead" or "I ask"
1 Timothy 2:2
a peaceful and quiet life
Here "peaceful" and "quiet" mean the same thing. Paul wants all believers to be able to live calm lives without trouble from the authorities. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-doublet/01.md]])
in all godliness and dignity
"that honors God and that other people will respect"
1 Timothy 2:3
General Information:
This page has intentionally been left blank.
1 Timothy 2:4
He desires all people to be saved and to come to the knowledge of the truth
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God desires to save all people and for them to come to the knowledge of the truth" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])
to come to the knowledge of the truth
Paul speaks of learning the truth about God as if it were a place to which people could go. Alternate translation: "to know and accept what is true" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])
1 Timothy 2:5
one mediator for God and man
A mediator is a person who helps negotiate a peaceful settlement between two parties who disagree with each other. Here Jesus helps sinners enter into a peaceful relationship with God.
1 Timothy 2:6
gave himself
"died willingly"
as a ransom
"as a price of freedom" or "as a payment to obtain freedom"
as the testimony at the right time
It can be made explicit that this was the testimony that God wants to save all people. Alternate translation: "as the proof at the right time that God wants to save all people" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])
at the right time
This means that this was the time that God had chosen.
1 Timothy 2:7
For this purpose
"For this" or "For this reason"
I was appointed a herald and an apostle
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Christ appointed me to be a herald and an apostle" or "Christ made me a preacher and an apostle" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])
a herald
"an official messenger." A herald is an official messenger who is sent to bring news.
I am telling the truth, I am not lying
With these two comments Paul emphasizes that he is telling the truth when he says that he was appointed to be a herald, an apostle, and a teacher. Some translators may prefer to put these comments at the end of the verse.
in faith and truth
This probably refers to what Paul was to teach about. He may be using "faith" and truth" to express one idea. Alternate translation: "about the message of faith and truth" or "about the true faith" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-hendiadys/01.md]])
1 Timothy 2:8
Connecting Statement:
Paul finishes his instructions on prayer and then gives some special instructions for women.
I want men in every place to pray and to lift up holy hands
Here "holy hands" is a metonym for a holy person. Alternate translation: "I want holy men in every place to lift up their hands and pray" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])
men in every place
"the males in all places" or "the males everywhere." Here the word "men" refers specifically to males.
lift up holy hands
It was a normal posture for people to raise their hands while praying.
1 Timothy 2:9
with modesty and self-control
Both of these words mean basically the same thing. Paul is emphasizing that women should wear clothes that are appropriate and do not attract improper attention from men. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-doublet/01.md]])
not with braided hair
During Paul's time, many Roman women braided their hair to make themselves attractive. Braiding is only one way a woman can give undue attention to her hair. If braided hair is unknown, it can be stated in a more general way. Alternate translation: "not having fancy hairstyles" or "not having elaborate hairstyles that attract attention" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])
pearls
These are beautiful and valuable white balls that people use as jewelry. They are formed inside the shell of a certain kind of small animal that lives in the ocean. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-unknown/01.md]])
1 Timothy 2:10
who profess godliness through good works
"who want to honor God by the good things they do"
1 Timothy 2:11
in silence
"in quietness"
and with all submission
"and submit to what is taught"
1 Timothy 2:12
I do not permit a woman
"I do not allow a woman"
1 Timothy 2:13
Adam was formed first
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Adam is the one God formed first" or "God created Adam first" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])
then Eve
The understood information can be stated clearly. Alternate translation: "and then God formed Eve" or "and then God created Eve" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-ellipsis/01.md]])
1 Timothy 2:14
Adam was not deceived
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "And Adam was not the one whom the serpent deceived" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])
but the woman was deceived and became a transgressor
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "but it was the woman who disobeyed God when the serpent deceived her" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])
1 Timothy 2:15
she will be saved through bearing children
Here "she" refers to women in general. Possible meanings are 1) God will keep women physically safe as they give birth to children, or 2) God will save women from their sins through their role as child bearers.
she will be saved
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God will save her" or "God will save women" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])
if they continue
"if they remain" or "if they continue living." Here "they" refers to women.
in faith and love and sanctification
The abstract nouns here can be translated with verbal phrases. Alternate translation: "in trusting Jesus and loving others and living a holy life" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-abstractnouns/01.md]])
with soundness of mind
Possible meanings for this idiom are 1) "with good judgment," 2) "with modesty," or 3) "with self-control." (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-idiom/01.md]])
soundness of mind
If the idiom is retained in translation, the abstract noun "soundness" can be translated with an adjective. Alternate translation: "a sound mind" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-abstractnouns/01.md]])
1 Timothy 3
1 Timothy 3:intro-0
1 Timothy 03 General Notes
Structure and formatting
1 Timothy 3:16 was probably a song, poem, or creed the early church used to list important doctrines that believers all shared.
Special concepts in this chapter
# Overseers and deacons
The church has used different titles for church leaders. Some titles include elder, pastor, and bishop. The word "overseer" reflects the meaning of the original language in verses 1-2. Paul writes about "deacons" in verses 8 and 12 as another kind of church leader.
Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter
# Character qualities
This chapter lists several qualities that a man must have if he is to be an overseer or deacon in the church. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-abstractnouns/01.md]])
Links:
1 Timothy 3:1
Connecting Statement:
Paul gives some special instructions on how the overseers of the church should act and be.
a good work
"an honorable task"
1 Timothy 3:2
husband of one wife
An overseer must have only one wife. It is unclear if this excludes men who have been previously widowed or divorced, or never married.
He must be moderate, sensible, orderly, and hospitable
"He must not do anything to excess, must be reasonable and behave well, and must be friendly to strangers"
1 Timothy 3:3
He must not be addicted to wine, not a brawler, but instead, gentle, peaceful
"He must neither drink too much alcohol nor like to fight and argue, but instead he must be gentle and peaceful"
a lover of money
"greedy for money"
1 Timothy 3:4
He should manage
"He should lead" or "He should take care of"
he should make sure his children obey and always respect him
Possible meanings are 1) the overseer's children should obey and show respect to their father or 2) the overseer's children should show respect to everyone or 3) the overseer should show respect to those in his household as he leads them.
1 Timothy 3:5
For if a man does not know how to manage
"For when a man cannot manage"
how will he care for a church of God?
Paul uses a question to teach Timothy. Alternate translation: "he cannot take care of a church of God." or "he will not be able to lead a church of God." (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-rquestion/01.md]])
a church of God
Here "church" refers to a local group of God's people. Alternate translation: "a group of God's people" or "the believers over whom he is in charge" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])
1 Timothy 3:6
He should not be a new convert
"He should not be a new believer" or "He must be a mature believer"
fall into condemnation as the devil
Paul speaks of a person being condemned for having done wrong as if he were falling into a hole. Alternate translation: "have God condemn him as he condemned the devil" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])
1 Timothy 3:7
those outside
"those outside of the church." Paul speaks of the church as though it were a place, and of unbelievers as though they were physically outside of it. Alternate translation: "those who are not Christians" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])
he does not fall into disgrace and the trap of the devil
Paul speaks of disgrace and the devil causing someone to sin as if they were a hole or a trap into which a person falls. Here "fall into" means to experience. Alternate translation: "nothing causes him shame before the unbelievers and so that the devil does not cause him to sin" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])
1 Timothy 3:8
Connecting Statement:
Paul gives some special instructions on how the deacons of the church and their wives should act and be.
In the same way, deacons
"Deacons, like overseers,"
should be dignified, not double-talkers
Paul speaks about some people as if they were "double-talkers" who could say two things at once. He is talking about people who say one thing but mean something else. Alternate translation: "should act properly and mean what they say" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])
1 Timothy 3:9
They should keep the mystery of the faith with a clean conscience
"They must continue to believe, with a true conscience, the true message God has revealed to us." This refers to a truth that had existed for some time but that God was showing to them at that moment. Paul speaks of true teaching about God as if it were an object that a person could keep with himself. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])
the mystery of the faith
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the truth of the faith that God revealed" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])
faith with a clean conscience
Paul speaks of a person's knowledge that he has done no wrong as if that knowledge or conscience were clean. Alternate translation: "faith, knowing they have tried their hardest to do what is right" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])
1 Timothy 3:10
They should also be approved first
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "Other believers should approve of them first" or "They should prove themselves first" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])
be approved
This means other believers should evaluate those who want to be a deacon and determine if they are fit to serve in the church.
1 Timothy 3:11
In the same way, their wives
Possible meanings of "their wives" are 1) the wives of deacons or 2) female deacons or 3) women in general.
be dignified
"act properly" or "be worthy of respect"
should be dignified, not slanderers, but sober and faithful
"should be dignified; they should not speak evil about other people, and they should not do anything to excess; rather, they should be faithful"
sober
"moderate." See how you translated "moderate" in 1 Timothy 3:2.
1 Timothy 3:12
husbands of one wife
A man must have only one wife. It is unclear if this excludes men who have been previously widowed, divorced, or never married. See how you translated this in 1 Timothy 3:2.
manage well their children and household
"properly take care of and lead their children and others who live in their homes"
1 Timothy 3:13
For those
"For those deacons" or "For these church leaders"
acquire for themselves
"receive for themselves" or "gain for themselves"
a good standing
The implied meaning may be stated explicitly. Alternate translation: "a good reputation among other believers" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])
great confidence in the faith that is in Christ Jesus
Possible meanings are 1) they will trust in Jesus with even more confidence or 2) they will speak confidently to other people about their faith in Jesus.
1 Timothy 3:14
Connecting Statement:
Paul tells Timothy the reason he wrote to him and then describes Christ's godliness.
I hope to come to you soon
Paul expected that his desire to visit them soon would happen. Alternate translation: "I expect to come to you soon"
1 Timothy 3:15
But if I delay
"But in case I cannot go there soon" or "But if something prevents me for being there soon"
so that you may know how to behave in the household of God
Paul speaks of the group of believers as if they were a family. Possible meanings are 1) Paul is referring only to Timothy's behavior in the church. Alternate translation: "so that you may know how to conduct yourself as a member of God's family" or 2) Paul is referring to believers in general. Alternate translation: "so that you all may know how to conduct yourselves as members of God's family" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])
household of God, which is the church of the living God
This phrase gives us information about "the household of God" rather than making a distinction between a household of God which is the church and one that is not the church. This can be stated as a new sentence. Alternate translation: "household of God. Those who belong to the family of God are the community of believers in the living God" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-distinguish/01.md]])
which is the church of the living God, the pillar and support of the truth
Paul speaks of the believers bearing witness to the truth about Christ as if they were a pillar and a base supporting a building. This can be stated as a new sentence. Alternate translation: "which is the church of the living God. And, by keeping and teaching God's truth, these members of the church support the truth just as a pillar and base support a building" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])
the living God
Here this expression may be speaking of God as the one who gives life to all, as in the UDB.
1 Timothy 3:16
We all agree
"No one can deny"
that the mystery of godliness is great
"that the truth that God has revealed is great"
He was revealed ... up in glory
This is most likely a song or poem that Paul is quoting. If your language has a way of indicating that this is poetry you could use it here. If not, you could translate this as regular prose rather than poetry. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/writing-poetry/01.md]])
He was revealed
Some versions read, "God was revealed" or "God appeared." If Paul is quoting a song or poem, the word "he" refers to Jesus Christ. If he is not quoting, the word "he" could refer to either God or Jesus Christ.
in the flesh
Paul uses "flesh" here to mean a human being. Alternate translation: "as a true human being" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])
was vindicated by the Spirit
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the Holy Spirit confirmed that he was who he said he was" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])
was seen by angels
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the angels saw him" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])
was proclaimed among nations
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "people in many nations told others about him" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])
was believed on in the world
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "people in many parts of the world believed in him" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])
was taken up in glory
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "God the Father took him up to heaven in glory" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])
in glory
This means he received power from God the Father and he is worthy of honor.
1 Timothy 4
1 Timothy 4:intro-0
1 Timothy 04 General Notes
Structure and formatting
1 Timothy 4:1 is a prophecy. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/prophet.md]])
Other possible translation difficulties in this chapter
# Later times
This is another way of referring to the last days. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_tw/src/master/bible/kt/lastday.md]])
Links:
1 Timothy 4:1
Connecting Statement:
Paul tells Timothy what the Spirit says will happen and encourages him in what he should teach.
Now
This word is used here to mark a break in the main teaching. Here Paul starts to tell a new part of the teaching.
in later times
These words could refer to 1) a time after Paul dies or 2) a later time in Paul's own life.
leave the faith
Paul speaks of people ceasing to trust in Christ as if they were physically leaving a place or an object. Alternate translation: "stop trusting in Jesus" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])
and pay attention
"and give attention" or "because they are paying attention"
deceitful spirits and the teachings of demons
"spirits who trick people and the things that demons teach"
1 Timothy 4:2
in lying hypocrisy
This can be stated as a separate sentence if verse 1 is ended with a period. Alternate translation: "These people will be hypocrites and speak lies"
their own consciences having been seared
Possible meanings are 1) Paul is speaking of people who can no longer tell that they are doing wrong as if their minds were ruined. He speaks of their minds being ruined as if their minds were skin that someone had burned with a hot iron. Or 2) Paul is speaking of these people as if Satan had put a mark on them with a hot iron to indicate that they belong to him. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])
seared
touched with a hot object until it burns brown or black
1 Timothy 4:3
They will
"These people will"
forbid people to marry
It is implied that they will forbid believers to marry. Alternate translation: "forbid believers to marry" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])
require them to abstain from foods
It is implied that they will forbid only certain foods. Alternate translation: "they will not allow people to eat certain foods" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])
1 Timothy 4:4
For every creation of God is good
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "everything that God has created is good" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])
nothing received with thanksgiving is to be rejected
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "we should not refuse anything for which we give thanks to God" or "everything that we eat with thanksgiving is acceptable" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])
1 Timothy 4:5
it is sanctified by the word of God and prayer
Here "word of God" and "prayer" are used together to express one idea. The prayer is in agreement with the truth that God has revealed. Alternate translation: "it is dedicated for God's use by praying in agreement with his word" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-hendiadys/01.md]])
it is sanctified
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "we sanctify it" or "we have set it apart" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])
word of God
Here "word" refers to God's message or what he has revealed. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])
1 Timothy 4:6
If you place these things before the brothers
Paul speaks of his instructions as if they were objects that could be physically presented to the believers. Here, to place before means to instruct or to remind. Alternate translation: "If you help the believers remember these things" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])
these things
This refers to the teaching that started in 1 Timothy 3:16.
the brothers
This refers to all believers whether male or female. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-gendernotations/01.md]])
you are being nourished by the words of faith and by the good teaching that you have followed
Paul speaks of God's word and its teaching as if it could physically feed Timothy and make him strong. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "the words of faith and the good teaching that you have followed are causing you to trust more strongly in Christ" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])
words of faith
"words that cause people to believe"
1 Timothy 4:7
worldly stories loved by old women
"profane stories and old wives' tales." The word for "stories" is the same as for "myths" in 1 Timothy 1:4, so you should translate it the same here.
loved by old women
This is probably an expression that means "silly" or "absurd." Paul is not purposely insulting women in his reference to "old women." Instead, he and his audience knew that men die younger than women, so there are more women than men whose minds have become feeble due to old age. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])
train yourself in godliness
"train yourself to honor God" or "train yourself to act in ways that please God"
1 Timothy 4:8
bodily training
"physical exercise"
holds promise for this life
"is beneficial to this life"
1 Timothy 4:9
worthy of full acceptance
"worthy of your complete belief" or "worthy of your full trust"
1 Timothy 4:10
For it is for this
"This is the reason"
labor and struggle
The word "labor" here refers to working very hard, and "struggle" is a metaphor for dealing with difficulties and dangers. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])
For we hope in the living God ... believers
Paul and his fellow workers confidently expect that God will do all that he has promised to do. Alternate translation: "For we confidently expect that the living God... believers, will do what he promised to do" or "For we fully trust in the living God ... believers"
the living God
Possible meanings are 1) "the God who is alive," as opposed to idols, who are not alive, or 2) "God, who acts," as opposed to idols that do nothing, or 3) "God, who gives life to all living beings."
but especially of believers
The ellipsis can be filled in. Alternate translation: "but he is especially the Savior of those people who believe" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-ellipsis/01.md]])
1 Timothy 4:11
Solemnly charge and teach these things
"Command and teach these things" or "Instruct and teach these things I just mentioned"
1 Timothy 4:12
Let no one despise your youth
"Do not let anyone consider you less important because you are young"
1 Timothy 4:13
attend to the reading, to the exhortation, and to the teaching
The words "reading," "exhortation," and "teaching" can be translated with verbal phrases. The implied information can also be supplied in translation Alternate translation: "continue reading the scripture to the people, exhorting the people, and teaching the people" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-abstractnouns/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])
1 Timothy 4:14
Do not neglect the gift that is in you
Paul speaks of Timothy as if he were a container that could hold God's gifts. This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "Do not neglect your spiritual gift" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])
Do not neglect
This can be stated in positive form. Alternate translation: "Be sure to use" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])
which was given to you through prophecy
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "which you received when leaders of the church spoke God's word" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])
laying on of the hands of the elders
This was a ceremony in which the church leaders put their hands on Timothy and prayed that God would enable him to do the work he had commanded him to do.
1 Timothy 4:15
Care for these things. Be in them
Paul speaks of God's gifts to Timothy as if he could physically be in them. Alternate translation: "Do all these things and live according to them" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])
so that your progress may be evident to all people
Paul speaks of Timothy's increasing ability to serve God as if it were a physical object that others could look at. Alternate translation: "so other people will know that you are serving God better and better" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])
1 Timothy 4:16
Give careful attention to yourself and to the teaching
"Conduct yourself carefully and give attention to the teaching" or "Control your own behavior and give attention to the teaching"
Continue in these things
"Continue to do these things"
you will save yourself and those who listen to you
Possible meanings are 1) Timothy will save himself and those who hear him from God's judgment or 2) Timothy will save himself and those who hear him from the influence of false teachers.
1 Timothy 5
1 Timothy 5:intro-0
1 Timothy 05 General Notes
Special concepts in this chapter
# Honor and respect
Paul encourages younger Christians to honor and respect older Christians. Cultures honor and respect older people in different ways.
# Widows
In the ancient Near East, it was important to care for widows, because they could not provide for themselves.
Links:
1 Timothy 5:1
General Information:
Paul was giving these commands to one person, Timothy. Languages that have different forms of "you" or different forms for commands would use the singular form here. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-you/01.md]])
Connecting Statement:
Paul continues to tell Timothy how to treat the men, women, widows, and younger women in the church.
Do not rebuke an older man
"Do not speak harshly to an older man"
Instead, exhort him
"Instead, encourage him"
as if he were a father ... as brothers
Paul uses these similes to tell Timothy that he should treat fellow believers with sincere love and respect. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-simile/01.md]])
1 Timothy 5:2
older women ... younger women
You can state clearly the understood information. Alternate translation: "exhort older women ... exhort younger women" or "encourage older women ... encourage younger women" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-simile/01.md]])
in all purity
"with pure thoughts and actions" or "in a holy way"
1 Timothy 5:3
Honor widows
"Respect and provide for widows"
the real widows
"widows with no one to provide for them"
1 Timothy 5:4
let them first learn
"first of all they should learn" or "let them make it a priority to learn"
in their own household
"to their own family" or "to those living in their homes"
Let them repay their parents
"Let them do good to their parents in return for the good things their parents have given them"
1 Timothy 5:5
But she who is a real widow, who is left all alone
"But one who is truly a widow, who has no family"
has set her hope in God
The widow confidently expected that God would do what he promised to do. Alternate translation: "confidently expects that God will do what he promised to do" or "fully trusts in God"
continues in making petitions and offering prayers
"continues to make requests and prayers"
making petitions and offering prayers
These two phrases mean basically the same thing. Paul uses them together to emphasize how much these widows pray. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-doublet/01.md]])
night and day
The words "night" and "day" are used together to mean "at all times." Alternate translation: "all the time" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-merism/01.md]])
1 Timothy 5:6
is dead
Paul speaks about people who do not seek to please God as if they were dead. Alternate translation: "is like a dead person; she does not respond to God" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])
she lives
This refers to physical life.
1 Timothy 5:7
Solemnly charge these things
"Command these things" or "Instruct these things"
so that they may be blameless
"so that no one can find fault with them." Possible meanings of "they" are 1) "these widows and their families" or 2) "the believers." It might be best to leave the subject as "they."
1 Timothy 5:8
does not provide for his own relatives, especially for those of his own household
"does not help with his relatives' needs, especially for those family members living in his home"
he has denied the faith
"he has acted contrary to the truth we believe"
is worse than an unbeliever
"is worse than those who do not believe in Jesus." Paul means this person is worse than an unbeliever because even unbelievers take care of their relatives. Therefore, a believer should certainly take care of his relatives.
1 Timothy 5:9
be enrolled as a widow
There seems to have been a list, written or not, of widows. The church members met these women's needs for shelter, clothing, and food, and these women were expected to devote their lives to serving the Christian community.
who is not younger than sixty
As Paul will explain in 5:11-16, widows who were younger than 60 years old might get married again. Therefore the Christian community was to care only for widows who were older than 60. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-numbers/01.md]])
a wife of one husband
Possible meanings are 1) she was always faithful to her husband or 2) she had not divorced her husband and then married another man.
1 Timothy 5:10
She have a reputation for doing good deeds
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "People must be able to tell others about her good deeds" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])
has been hospitable to strangers
"has welcomed strangers into her home"
has washed the feet of God's holy people
Washing the dirty feet of people who have been walking in the dirt and mud is one way of meeting other people's needs and making life more enjoyable for them. This probably means she did humble work in general. Alternate translation: "has done common work to help other believers" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])
God's holy people
Some versions translate this word as "the believers" or "saints." The essential idea is to refer to Christian believers.
has relieved the afflicted
Here "the afflicted" is a nominal adjective that can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "has helped those who are suffering" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-nominaladj/01.md]])
has been devoted to every good work
"has given herself to doing all kinds of good deeds"
1 Timothy 5:11
But as for younger widows, refuse to enroll them in the list
"But do not include younger widows in the list." The list was of widows aged 60 years and older whom the Christian community would help.
For when they give in to bodily desires against Christ, they want to marry
"For when they prefer to fulfill their sensual desires and get married, they go against their promise to serve Christ as widows"
1 Timothy 5:12
revoke their first commitment
"do not keep their prior commitment" or "do not do what they promised before to do"
commitment
The commitment of the widows was their agreement to serve the Christian community for the rest of their lives if the community would supply the widows' needs.
1 Timothy 5:13
learn to be lazy
"get into the habit of doing nothing"
talk nonsense and are busybodies, saying things they should not say
These three phrases are probably three ways of speaking of the same activity. These people should not be looking into other people's private lives and telling about them to others who are no better off after hearing.
nonsense
words that do not help those who hear them
busybodies
people who look into other people's private lives for their own good and not for the good of the other people
1 Timothy 5:14
to manage the household
"to take care of everyone in her house"
the enemy
These words could refer to 1) Satan or 2) unbelievers who are hostile to Christians.
to reproach us
Here "us" refers to the entire Christian community, including Timothy. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-exclusive/01.md]])
1 Timothy 5:15
turned aside after Satan
Paul speaks of living in faithfulness to Christ as if it were a path to be followed. This means the women stopped obeying Jesus and started obeying Satan. Alternate translation: "left the path of Christ to follow Satan" or "decided to obey Satan instead of Christ" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])
1 Timothy 5:16
any believing woman
"any Christian woman" or "any woman who believes in Christ"
has widows
"has widows among her relatives"
so that the church will not be burdened
Paul speaks of the community having to help more people than they are able as if they were carrying too much weight on their backs. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "so that the church will not have more work to do than they can" or "so that the Christian community will not have to help widows whose families could provide for them" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])
real widows
"those women who have no one to provide for them"
1 Timothy 5:17
Connecting Statement:
Paul again talks of how elders (overseers) should be treated and then gives Timothy some personal instructions.
Let the elders who rule well be considered worthy
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "All believers should think of the elders who are good leaders as worthy" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])
double honor
Possible meanings are 1) "respect and payment" or 2) "more respect than others receive"
those who labor with the word and in teaching
Paul speaks about the word as if it is an object that a person can work with. Alternate translation: "those who work hard preaching and those who teach God's word" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])
1 Timothy 5:18
For the scripture says
This is personification that means that this is what someone has written in the scriptures. Alternate translation: "For we read in the scriptures that" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-personification/01.md]])
You shall not put a muzzle on an ox while it threshes the grain
Paul is using this quotation as a metaphor meaning that church leaders deserve to receive payment from the Christian community for their work. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])
muzzle
place a sleeve over an animal's snout and mouth to prevent it from eating (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/translate-unknown/01.md]])
threshes the grain
An ox "threshes the grain" when it walks on or pulls a heavy object over the cut grain to separate the grain from the stalks. The ox was allowed to eat some of the grain as it worked.
is worthy of
"deserves"
1 Timothy 5:19
Do not receive an accusation
Paul speaks of accusations as if they were objects that could be physically accepted by people. Alternate translation: "Do not accept as true any accusation that someone speaks" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])
two or three
"at least two" or "two or more"
1 Timothy 5:20
sinners
This refers to anyone doing anything that disobeys or displeases God, even things that other people do not know about.
before all
"where everyone can see"
so that the rest may be afraid
"so that others will be afraid to sin"
1 Timothy 5:21
the chosen angels
This means the angels whom God and Jesus have chosen to serve them in a special way.
to keep these commands without partiality, and to do nothing out of favoritism
The words "partiality" and "favoritism" mean basically the same thing. Paul is emphasizing that Timothy must judge honestly and be fair to everyone. Alternate translation: "to keep these rules without being partial or showing favor to anyone" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-doublet/01.md]])
these commands
The phrase "these commands" could refer to 1) the rules Paul just told Timothy or 2) the rules Paul is about to tell Timothy.
1 Timothy 5:22
Place hands
The placing of hands was a ceremony in which one or more church leaders would place their hands on people and pray that God would enable those people to serve the church in a way that would please God. Timothy was to wait until the person had shown good character for a long time before officially setting that person apart to serve the Christian community.
Do not share in the sins of another person
Paul speaks of someone's sin as if it were an object that could be shared with others. Alternate translation: "do not join in another person's sin" or "do not participate when another person sins" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])
Do not share in the sins of another person
Possible meanings are 1) if Timothy chose someone who was guilty of sin to be a church worker, God would hold Timothy responsible for that person's sin or 2) Timothy should not commit sins he saw others committing.
1 Timothy 5:23
You should no longer drink water
It is implied that Paul means Timothy should not drink only water. He is telling Timothy to use wine as medicine. The water in that area often caused sickness. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])
1 Timothy 5:24
The sins of some people are openly known
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "The sins of some people are very obvious" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])
they go before them into judgment
"their sins go before those people into judgment." Paul speaks of sins as if they were moving. Possible meanings are 1) Their sins are so obvious that everyone will know they are guilty even before anyone testifies against them or 2) Their sins are evident, and God judges them now. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-personification/01.md]])
But some sins follow later
"But some sins follow people later." Paul speaks of sins as if they were moving. Possible meanings are 1) Timothy and the Christian community will not know about certain sins until later or 2) God will not judge some sins until the final judgment. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])
1 Timothy 5:25
some good works are openly known
"some good works are obvious"
good works
The works are considered "good" because they fit with God's character, purposes, and will.
but even the others cannot be hidden
Paul speaks of good works as if they were objects that someone cannot hide. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "but people will later find out about even the good deeds that are not obvious" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])
1 Timothy 6
1 Timothy 6:intro-0
1 Timothy 06 General Notes
Special concepts in this chapter
# Slavery
Paul does not write in this chapter about whether slavery is good or bad. Paul teaches about honoring, respecting, and diligently serving masters. Paul teaches all believers to be godly and content in every situation.
Links:
<< |
1 Timothy 6:1
Connecting Statement:
Paul gives some specific instructions to slaves and masters and then continues with instructions on living in a godly way.
Let all who are under the yoke as slaves
Paul speaks of people working as slaves as if they are oxen carrying a yoke. Alternate translation: "Let all who are working as slaves" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])
Let all who are
It is implied that Paul is speaking about believers. Alternate translation: "Let all who are believers" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])
the name of God and the teaching might not be blasphemed
This can be stated in active and positive form. Alternate translation: "the unbelievers might always speak respectfully about the name of God and the teaching" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-litotes/01.md]])
the name of God
Here "name" refers to God's nature or character. Alternate translation: "the character of God" or "God" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])
the teaching
"the faith" or "the gospel"
1 Timothy 6:2
they are brothers
Here "brothers" means "fellow believers."
For the masters who are helped by their work
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "For the masters whom the slaves help with their work" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])
and beloved
This can be stated in active form. Possible meanings are 1) "and the slaves should love them" or 2) "whom God loves" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])
1 Timothy 6:3
General Information:
This page has intentionally been left blank.
1 Timothy 6:4
he is proud ... He has an unhealthy interest
Here "he" refers to anyone in general that teaches what is not correct. To make this clear, you can translate "he" as "they." (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-genericnoun/01.md]])
understands nothing
"understands nothing about God's truth"
He has an unhealthy interest in controversies and arguments
Paul speaks of people who feel compelled to engage in useless arguments as if they were ill. Such people greatly desire to argue, and they do not really want to find a way to agree. Alternate translation: "All he wants to do is argue" or "He craves arguments" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])
controversies and arguments about words that result in envy
"controversies and arguments about words, and these controversies and arguments result in envy"
about words
"about the meanings of words"
strife
arguments, fights
insults
bad things that people falsely say about each other
evil suspicions
evil beliefs that innocent people have done something wrong or are planning on doing something wrong
1 Timothy 6:5
morally corrupt minds
"wicked minds"
They have lost the truth
Here the word "They" refers to anyone who teaches anything that does not agree with the teaching of Jesus. The phrase "have lost the truth" represents ignoring it or forgetting it. Alternate translation: "They have ignored the truth" or "They have forgotten the truth" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])
1 Timothy 6:6
Now
This marks a break in the teaching. Here Paul begins to contrast the kind of riches the wicked people seek through godliness (1 Timothy 6:5) and the true kind of gain people receive through godliness. Alternate translation: "Of course"
godliness with contentment is great gain
The words "godliness" and "contentment" are abstract nouns. Alternate translation: "it is great gain for people to do what is godly and to be content with what they have" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-abstractnouns/01.md]])
is great gain
"provides great benefits" or "does many good things for us"
1 Timothy 6:7
we brought nothing into the world
"we brought nothing into the world when we were born"
we can take nothing out of it
"we can take nothing out of the world when we die"
1 Timothy 6:8
let us
"we should"
1 Timothy 6:9
Now
This word marks a break in the teaching. Here Paul returns to the topic about those who think being godly will make them wealthy (1 Timothy 6:5).
to become wealthy fall into temptation, into a trap
Paul speaks about those who let the temptation of money cause them to sin as if they were animals that fall into holes that hunters use as traps. Alternate translation: "to become wealthy will encounter more temptation than they can resist, and they will be like an animal in a trap" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])
They fall into many foolish and harmful desires, and into whatever else sinks
Paul continues the trap metaphor and speaks of people who give in to their foolish and harmful desires and do evil as if they were animals who fall into a trap. Alternate translation: "They desire many foolish and harmful things and then do things that sink" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])
into whatever else sinks people into ruin and destruction
Paul speaks about people who suffer because of their sins as if sin were a person who had put them under water or in mud. Alternate translation: "into other kinds of evil that ruin and destroy people" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])
1 Timothy 6:10
For the love of money is a root of all kinds of evil
Paul speaks of the love of money as if it were the root of a plant whose fruit is all kinds of evil. Alternate translation: "This happens because loving money is a cause of all kinds of evil" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])
who desire it
"who desire money"
have been misled away from the faith
Paul speaks of wrong desires as if they were evil guides who intentionally guide people down the wrong path. This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "have let their desires lead them away from the truth" or "have stopped believing the truth" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]] and [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])
have pierced themselves with much grief
Paul speaks about grief as if it were swords that people have used to stab themselves. Alternate translation: "have caused themselves to be very sorrowful" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])
1 Timothy 6:11
But you
Here "you" is singular and refers to Timothy. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-you/01.md]])
man of God
"servant of God" or "person who belongs to God"
flee from these things
Paul speaks of these temptations and sins as if they were things that a person could physically run away from. Alternate translation: "completely avoid these things" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])
these things
Possible meanings of "these things" are 1) the "love of money" or 2) the different teachings, pride, arguments, and the love of money.
Pursue righteousness
"Run after righteousness" or "Chase righteousness." Paul speaks of righteousness and other good qualities as if they were things that a person could run after. This metaphor is the opposite of "flee from." It means to try your best to obtain something. Alternate translation: "Seek to gain" or "Do your best to act in" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])
1 Timothy 6:12
Fight the good fight of faith
Here Paul speaks about a person continuing in faith as if he were an athlete fighting to win a contest or a warrior fighting a battle. Alternate translation: "Try your hardest to obey Christ's teachings with as much energy as an athlete uses in a contest" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])
Take hold of the everlasting life
This continues the metaphor. Paul speaks about a person receiving eternal life as if he were a victorious athlete or warrior taking their prize. Alternate translation: "Take eternal life as your reward as a victorious athlete takes his prize" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])
to which you were called
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "to which God has called you" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])
you gave the good confession
"you confessed what is good" or "you confessed the truth"
before many witnesses
Paul expresses the idea of location in order to signal the idea of the people to whom Timothy was speaking. Alternate translation: "to many witnesses" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metonymy/01.md]])
1 Timothy 6:13
Connecting Statement:
Paul talks of Christ's coming, gives specific instructions to the rich, and lastly closes with a special message to Timothy.
I give these orders to you
"This is what I command you"
before God, who gives life to all things
"in the presence of God, who causes all things to live." It is implied that Paul as asking God to be his witness. Alternate translation: "with God, who causes all things to live, as my witness" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])
before Christ Jesus, who testified ... Pilate
"in the presence of Christ Jesus, who spoke ... Pilate." It is implied that Paul is asking Jesus to be his witness. Alternate translation: "with Christ Jesus, who spoke ... Pilate, as my witness" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])
testified the good confession
"made the good confession" or "gave the true testimony"
1 Timothy 6:14
spotlessly and blamelessly
The word "spotlessly" is a metaphor for being without moral fault. Possible meanings are 1) Jesus will not find fault with Timothy or blame him for doing wrong or 2) other people will not find fault with Timothy or blame him for doing wrong. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])
until the appearance of our Lord Jesus Christ
"until our Lord Jesus Christ comes again"
1 Timothy 6:15
God will reveal Christ's appearing
It is implied that God will reveal Jesus. Alternate translation: "God will reveal Jesus" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-explicit/01.md]])
the blessed and only Sovereign
"the One worthy of praise who rules over the world"
1 Timothy 6:16
Only he has immortality
"Only he has the power to live forever"
dwells in inapproachable light
"dwells in a light so bright that no one can approach him"
1 Timothy 6:17
Solemnly charge the rich
Here "rich" is a nominal adjective. It can be stated as an adjective. Alternate translation: "Solemnly charge those who are rich" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-nominaladj/01.md]])
not to hope in riches, which are uncertain
Paul tells rich people not to confidently expect that their riches will always provide what they need. Alternate tranlation: "not to confidently expect that they will always have what they need, because it is uncertain how long they may have their many possession"
they should hope in God
Paul tells rich people that they should confidently expect God to do what he has promised to do. Alternate translation: "they should confidently expect that God will do what he has promised to do" or "they should fully trust in God"
all the true riches
"all the things that will make us truly happy." The reference here may include physical objects, but it more likely refers to states like love, joy, and peace that people try to obtain by means of physical objects.
1 Timothy 6:18
be rich in good works
Paul speaks of spiritual blessings as if they were earthly wealth. Alternate translation: "serve and help others in many ways" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])
1 Timothy 6:19
they will store up for themselves a good foundation for what is to come
Here Paul speaks about the blessings that God gives in heaven as if they were riches that a person is storing away for later use. Also, the certainty of these blessings that people will never lose is spoken of as if it were the foundation of a building. Alternate translation: "it will be as though they were storing up for themselves many things that God will give them" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])
take hold of real life
This recalls the sports metaphor of 1 Timothy 6:12, where the prize is something that the winner can actually hold in his hands. Here the "prize" is "real" life. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])
1 Timothy 6:20
protect what was given to you
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "faithfully proclaim the true message that Jesus has given to you" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])
Avoid the empty, profane talk
"Do not pay attention to the foolish talk"
of what is falsely called knowledge
This can be stated in active form. Alternate translation: "of what some people falsely call knowledge" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-activepassive/01.md]])
1 Timothy 6:21
they have gone astray from the faith
Paul speaks of those who stop obeying Christ as if they were children or animals who have gone away from where they belong and are safe. Alternate translation: "they have stopped believing the truth" (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-metaphor/01.md]])
May grace be with you
"May God give grace to all of you." The "you" is plural and refers to the whole Christian community. (See: [[https://git.door43.org/Door43/en_ta/src/master/translate/figs-you/01.md]])